Presented edema, oliguria and frothy urine. He has no past history of similar complaints. On examination, his urine was positive for 3+ proteinuria, no RBCs/WBCs and no casts. His serum albumin was 2.5 gm/L and serum creatinine was 0.5 mg/dL. The most likely diagnosis is:
Minimal change disease
IgA nephropathy
Interstitial nephritis
Membranous nephropathy
Ans: A.Minimal change disease(Ref Harrison 19/e p184, 18/2345)Most likely diagnosis - Minimal change disease.Minimal Change Disease:Peak age of onset = Between 6-8 years of age (usually <10 years)Type of onset = InsidiousTypical presentation = Nephrotic syndromeHallmark of Nephrotic syndrome =Peripheral edema.Occurs when serum albumin levels < 3 gm/dlLaboratory findings = Proteinuria & hypoalbuminemia.