import base58
import calendar
from datetime import datetime


def tb(l):
    return b''.join(map(lambda x: x.to_bytes(1, 'big'), l))


base58_encodings = [
    #    Encoded   |               Decoded             |
    # prefix | len | prefix                      | len | Data type
    (b"B",     51,   tb([1, 52]),                  32,   u"block hash"),
    (b"o",     51,   tb([5, 116]),                 32,   u"operation hash"),
    (b"Lo",    52,   tb([133, 233]),               32,   u"operation list hash"),
    (b"LLo",   53,   tb([29, 159, 109]),           32,   u"operation list list hash"),
    (b"P",     51,   tb([2, 170]),                 32,   u"protocol hash"),
    (b"Co",    52,   tb([79, 199]),                32,   u"context hash"),

    (b"tz1",   36,   tb([6, 161, 159]),            20,   u"ed25519 public key hash"),
    (b"tz2",   36,   tb([6, 161, 161]),            20,   u"secp256k1 public key hash"),
    (b"tz3",   36,   tb([6, 161, 164]),            20,   u"p256 public key hash"),
    (b"KT1",   36,   tb([2, 90, 121]),             20,   u"Originated address"),

    (b"id",    30,   tb([153, 103]),               16,   u"cryptobox public key hash"),

    (b'expr',  54,   tb([13, 44, 64, 27]),         32,   u'script expression'),
    (b"edsk",  54,   tb([13, 15, 58, 7]),          32,   u"ed25519 seed"),
    (b"edpk",  54,   tb([13, 15, 37, 217]),        32,   u"ed25519 public key"),
    (b"spsk",  54,   tb([17, 162, 224, 201]),      32,   u"secp256k1 secret key"),
    (b"p2sk",  54,   tb([16, 81, 238, 189]),       32,   u"p256 secret key"),

    (b"edesk", 88,   tb([7, 90, 60, 179, 41]),     56,   u"ed25519 encrypted seed"),
    (b"spesk", 88,   tb([9, 237, 241, 174, 150]),  56,   u"secp256k1 encrypted secret key"),
    (b"p2esk", 88,   tb([9, 48, 57, 115, 171]),    56,   u"p256_encrypted_secret_key"),

    (b"sppk",  55,   tb([3, 254, 226, 86]),        33,   u"secp256k1 public key"),
    (b"p2pk",  55,   tb([3, 178, 139, 127]),       33,   u"p256 public key"),
    (b"SSp",   53,   tb([38, 248, 136]),           33,   u"secp256k1 scalar"),
    (b"GSp",   53,   tb([5, 92, 0]),               33,   u"secp256k1 element"),

    (b"edsk",  98,   tb([43, 246, 78, 7]),         64,   u"ed25519 secret key"),
    (b"edsig", 99,   tb([9, 245, 205, 134, 18]),   64,   u"ed25519 signature"),
    (b"spsig", 99,   tb([13, 115, 101, 19, 63]),   64,   u"secp256k1 signature"),
    (b"p2sig", 98,   tb([54, 240, 44, 52]),        64,   u"p256 signature"),
    (b"sig",   96,   tb([4, 130, 43]),             64,   u"generic signature"),

    (b'Net',   15,   tb([87, 82, 0]),              4,    u"chain id"),
]

operation_tags = {
    'endorsement': 0,
    'seed_nonce_revelation': 1,
    'double_endorsement_evidence': 2,
    'double_baking_evidence': 3,
    'account_activation': 4,
    'proposal': 5,
    'ballot': 6,
    'reveal': 7,
    'transaction': 8,
    'origination': 9,
    'delegation': 10
}


def scrub_input(v) -> bytes:
    if isinstance(v, str) and not isinstance(v, bytes):
        try:
            _ = int(v, 16)
        except ValueError:
            v = v.encode('ascii')
        else:
            if v.startswith('0x'):
                v = v[2:]
            v = bytes.fromhex(v)

    if not isinstance(v, bytes):
        raise TypeError(
            "a bytes-like object is required (also str), not '%s'" %
            type(v).__name__)

    return v


def base58_decode(v: bytes) -> bytes:
    """ Decode data using Base58 with checksum + validate binary prefix against known kinds and cut in the end.

    :param v: Array of bytes (use string.encode())
    :returns: bytes
    """
    try:
        prefix_len = next(
            len(encoding[2])
            for encoding in base58_encodings
            if len(v) == encoding[1] and v.startswith(encoding[0])
        )
    except StopIteration:
        raise ValueError('Invalid encoding, prefix or length mismatch.')

    return base58.b58decode_check(v)[prefix_len:]


def base58_encode(v: bytes, prefix: bytes) -> bytes:
    """ Encode data using Base58 with checksum and add an according binary prefix in the end.

    :param v: Array of bytes
    :param prefix: Human-readable prefix (use b'') e.g. b'tz', b'KT', etc
    :returns: bytes (use string.decode())
    """
    try:
        encoding = next(
            encoding
            for encoding in base58_encodings
            if len(v) == encoding[3] and prefix == encoding[0]
        )
    except StopIteration:
        raise ValueError('Invalid encoding, prefix or length mismatch.')

    return base58.b58encode_check(encoding[2] + v)


def _validate(v, prefixes: list):
    v = scrub_input(v)
    if any(map(lambda x: v.startswith(x), prefixes)):
        base58_decode(v)
    else:
        raise ValueError('Unknown prefix.')


def validate_pkh(v):
    """ Ensure parameter is a public key hash (starts with b'tz1', b'tz2', b'tz3')

    :param v: string or bytes
    :raises ValueError: if parameter is not a public key hash
    """
    return _validate(v, prefixes=[b'tz1', b'tz2', b'tz3'])


def validate_sig(v):
    """ Ensure parameter is a signature (starts with b'edsig', b'spsig', b'p2sig', b'sig')

    :param v: string or bytes
    :raises ValueError: if parameter is not a signature
    """
    return _validate(v, prefixes=[b'edsig', b'spsig', b'p2sig', b'sig'])


def is_pkh(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is a public key hash.
    """
    try:
        validate_pkh(v)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_sig(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is a signature.
    """
    try:
        validate_sig(v)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_bh(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is a block hash.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'B'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_ogh(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is an operation group hash.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'o'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_kt(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is a KT address.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'KT1'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_key(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is a public key.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b"edsk", b"edpk", b"spsk", b"p2sk", b"sppk", b"p2pk"])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_chain_id(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is a chain id.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'Net'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def forge_nat(value) -> bytes:
    """ Encode a number using LEB128 encoding (Zarith).

    :param int value: the value to encode
    :returns: encoded value
    :rtype: bytes
    """
    if value < 0:
        raise ValueError('Value cannot be negative.')

    buf = bytearray()
    more = True

    while more:
        byte = value & 0x7f
        value >>= 7

        if value:
            byte |= 0x80
        else:
            more = False

        buf.append(byte)

    return bytes(buf)


def forge_public_key(value) -> bytes:
    """ Encode public key into bytes.

    :param value: public key in in base58 form
    """
    prefix = value[:4]
    res = base58.b58decode_check(value)[4:]

    if prefix == 'edpk':
        return b'\x00' + res
    elif prefix == 'sppk':
        return b'\x01' + res
    elif prefix == 'p2pk':
        return b'\x02' + res

    raise ValueError(f'Unrecognized key type: #{prefix}')


def parse_public_key(data: bytes) -> str:
    """ Decode public key from byte form.

    :param data: encoded public key.
    :returns: base58 encoded public key
    """
    key_prefix = {
        b'\x00': b'edpk',
        b'\x01': b'sppk',
        b'\x02': b'p2pk'
    }
    return base58_encode(data[1:], key_prefix[data[:1]]).decode()


def parse_chain_id(data: bytes):
    """ Decode chain id from byte form.

    :param data: encoded chain id.
    :returns: base58 encoded chain id
    """
    return base58_encode(data, b'Net').decode()


def parse_signature(data: bytes):
    """ Decode signature from byte form.

    :param data: encoded signature.
    :returns: base58 encoded signature (generic)
    """
    return base58_encode(data, b'sig').decode()


def forge_address(value: str, tz_only=False) -> bytes:
    """ Encode address or key hash into bytes.

    :param value: base58 encoded address or key_hash
    :param tz_only: True indicates that it's a key_hash (will be encoded in a more compact form)
    """
    prefix = value[:3]
    address = base58.b58decode_check(value)[3:]

    if prefix == 'tz1':
        res = b'\x00\x00' + address
    elif prefix == 'tz2':
        res = b'\x00\x01' + address
    elif prefix == 'tz3':
        res = b'\x00\x02' + address
    elif prefix == 'KT1':
        res = b'\x01' + address + b'\x00'
    else:
        raise ValueError(value)

    return res[1:] if tz_only else res


def parse_address(data: bytes):
    """ Decode address or key_hash from bytes.

    :param data: encoded address or key_hash
    :returns: base58 encoded address
    """
    tz_prefixes = {
        b'\x00\x00': b'tz1',
        b'\x00\x01': b'tz2',
        b'\x00\x02': b'tz3'
    }

    for bin_prefix, tz_prefix in tz_prefixes.items():
        if data.startswith(bin_prefix):
            return base58_encode(data[2:], tz_prefix).decode()

    if data.startswith(b'\x01') and data.endswith(b'\x00'):
        return base58_encode(data[1:-1], b'KT1').decode()
    else:
        return base58_encode(data[1:], tz_prefixes[b'\x00' + data[:1]]).decode()


def parse_contract(data: bytes):
    """ Decode contract (address + optional entrypoint) from bytes

    :param data: encoded contract
    :returns: base58 encoded address and entrypoint (if exists) separated by `%`
    """
    res = parse_address(data[:22])
    if len(data) > 22:
        res += f'%{data[22:].decode()}'
    return res


def forge_bool(value: bool) -> bytes:
    """ Encode boolean value into bytes.
    """
    return b'\xff' if value else b'\x00'


def forge_array(data, len_bytes=4) -> bytes:
    """ Encode array of bytes (prepend length).

    :param data: list of bytes
    :param len_bytes: number of bytes to store array length
    """
    return len(data).to_bytes(len_bytes, 'big') + data


def parse_array(data, len_bytes=4) -> tuple:
    """ Decode array of bytes.

    :param data: encoded array
    :param len_bytes: number of bytes to store array length
    :returns: Tuple[list of bytes, array length]
    """
    assert len(data) >= len_bytes, f'not enough bytes to parse array length, wanted {len_bytes}'
    length = int.from_bytes(data[:len_bytes], 'big')
    assert len(data) >= len_bytes + length, f'not enough bytes to parse array body, wanted {length}'
    return data[len_bytes:len_bytes+length], len_bytes+length


def forge_base58(value: str) -> bytes:
    """ Encode base58 string into bytes.

    :param value: base58 encoded value (with checksum)
    """
    return base58_decode(value.encode())


def forge_timestamp(value) -> int:
    """ Encode timestamp into bytes.

    :param value: unix timestamp in seconds (int)
    """
    assert isinstance(value, str)
    dt = datetime.strptime(value, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')
    return calendar.timegm(dt.utctimetuple())


def forge_contract(value) -> bytes:
    """ Encode a value of contract type (address + optional entrypoint) into bytes.

    :param value: 'tz12345' or 'tz12345%default'
    """
    parts = value.split('%')
    address, entrypoint = (parts[0], parts[1]) if len(parts) == 2 else (parts[0], 'default')
    res = forge_address(address)
    if entrypoint != 'default':
        res += entrypoint.encode()
    return res

6981c21421dcb278d77298202f804634ffd42555
<mask token>


def tb(l):
    return b''.join(map(lambda x: x.to_bytes(1, 'big'), l))


<mask token>


def scrub_input(v) ->bytes:
    if isinstance(v, str) and not isinstance(v, bytes):
        try:
            _ = int(v, 16)
        except ValueError:
            v = v.encode('ascii')
        else:
            if v.startswith('0x'):
                v = v[2:]
            v = bytes.fromhex(v)
    if not isinstance(v, bytes):
        raise TypeError(
            "a bytes-like object is required (also str), not '%s'" % type(v
            ).__name__)
    return v


<mask token>


def validate_pkh(v):
    """ Ensure parameter is a public key hash (starts with b'tz1', b'tz2', b'tz3')

    :param v: string or bytes
    :raises ValueError: if parameter is not a public key hash
    """
    return _validate(v, prefixes=[b'tz1', b'tz2', b'tz3'])


<mask token>


def is_pkh(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a public key hash.
    """
    try:
        validate_pkh(v)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_sig(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a signature.
    """
    try:
        validate_sig(v)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_bh(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a block hash.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'B'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


<mask token>


def forge_public_key(value) ->bytes:
    """ Encode public key into bytes.

    :param value: public key in in base58 form
    """
    prefix = value[:4]
    res = base58.b58decode_check(value)[4:]
    if prefix == 'edpk':
        return b'\x00' + res
    elif prefix == 'sppk':
        return b'\x01' + res
    elif prefix == 'p2pk':
        return b'\x02' + res
    raise ValueError(f'Unrecognized key type: #{prefix}')


<mask token>


def parse_signature(data: bytes):
    """ Decode signature from byte form.

    :param data: encoded signature.
    :returns: base58 encoded signature (generic)
    """
    return base58_encode(data, b'sig').decode()


<mask token>


def parse_address(data: bytes):
    """ Decode address or key_hash from bytes.

    :param data: encoded address or key_hash
    :returns: base58 encoded address
    """
    tz_prefixes = {b'\x00\x00': b'tz1', b'\x00\x01': b'tz2', b'\x00\x02':
        b'tz3'}
    for bin_prefix, tz_prefix in tz_prefixes.items():
        if data.startswith(bin_prefix):
            return base58_encode(data[2:], tz_prefix).decode()
    if data.startswith(b'\x01') and data.endswith(b'\x00'):
        return base58_encode(data[1:-1], b'KT1').decode()
    else:
        return base58_encode(data[1:], tz_prefixes[b'\x00' + data[:1]]).decode(
            )


<mask token>


def forge_bool(value: bool) ->bytes:
    """ Encode boolean value into bytes.
    """
    return b'\xff' if value else b'\x00'


def forge_array(data, len_bytes=4) ->bytes:
    """ Encode array of bytes (prepend length).

    :param data: list of bytes
    :param len_bytes: number of bytes to store array length
    """
    return len(data).to_bytes(len_bytes, 'big') + data


<mask token>


def forge_base58(value: str) ->bytes:
    """ Encode base58 string into bytes.

    :param value: base58 encoded value (with checksum)
    """
    return base58_decode(value.encode())


<mask token>


def forge_contract(value) ->bytes:
    """ Encode a value of contract type (address + optional entrypoint) into bytes.

    :param value: 'tz12345' or 'tz12345%default'
    """
    parts = value.split('%')
    address, entrypoint = (parts[0], parts[1]) if len(parts) == 2 else (parts
        [0], 'default')
    res = forge_address(address)
    if entrypoint != 'default':
        res += entrypoint.encode()
    return res

<mask token>


def tb(l):
    return b''.join(map(lambda x: x.to_bytes(1, 'big'), l))


<mask token>


def scrub_input(v) ->bytes:
    if isinstance(v, str) and not isinstance(v, bytes):
        try:
            _ = int(v, 16)
        except ValueError:
            v = v.encode('ascii')
        else:
            if v.startswith('0x'):
                v = v[2:]
            v = bytes.fromhex(v)
    if not isinstance(v, bytes):
        raise TypeError(
            "a bytes-like object is required (also str), not '%s'" % type(v
            ).__name__)
    return v


<mask token>


def _validate(v, prefixes: list):
    v = scrub_input(v)
    if any(map(lambda x: v.startswith(x), prefixes)):
        base58_decode(v)
    else:
        raise ValueError('Unknown prefix.')


def validate_pkh(v):
    """ Ensure parameter is a public key hash (starts with b'tz1', b'tz2', b'tz3')

    :param v: string or bytes
    :raises ValueError: if parameter is not a public key hash
    """
    return _validate(v, prefixes=[b'tz1', b'tz2', b'tz3'])


def validate_sig(v):
    """ Ensure parameter is a signature (starts with b'edsig', b'spsig', b'p2sig', b'sig')

    :param v: string or bytes
    :raises ValueError: if parameter is not a signature
    """
    return _validate(v, prefixes=[b'edsig', b'spsig', b'p2sig', b'sig'])


def is_pkh(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a public key hash.
    """
    try:
        validate_pkh(v)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_sig(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a signature.
    """
    try:
        validate_sig(v)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_bh(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a block hash.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'B'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


<mask token>


def is_kt(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a KT address.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'KT1'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


<mask token>


def is_chain_id(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a chain id.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'Net'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


<mask token>


def forge_public_key(value) ->bytes:
    """ Encode public key into bytes.

    :param value: public key in in base58 form
    """
    prefix = value[:4]
    res = base58.b58decode_check(value)[4:]
    if prefix == 'edpk':
        return b'\x00' + res
    elif prefix == 'sppk':
        return b'\x01' + res
    elif prefix == 'p2pk':
        return b'\x02' + res
    raise ValueError(f'Unrecognized key type: #{prefix}')


def parse_public_key(data: bytes) ->str:
    """ Decode public key from byte form.

    :param data: encoded public key.
    :returns: base58 encoded public key
    """
    key_prefix = {b'\x00': b'edpk', b'\x01': b'sppk', b'\x02': b'p2pk'}
    return base58_encode(data[1:], key_prefix[data[:1]]).decode()


<mask token>


def parse_signature(data: bytes):
    """ Decode signature from byte form.

    :param data: encoded signature.
    :returns: base58 encoded signature (generic)
    """
    return base58_encode(data, b'sig').decode()


def forge_address(value: str, tz_only=False) ->bytes:
    """ Encode address or key hash into bytes.

    :param value: base58 encoded address or key_hash
    :param tz_only: True indicates that it's a key_hash (will be encoded in a more compact form)
    """
    prefix = value[:3]
    address = base58.b58decode_check(value)[3:]
    if prefix == 'tz1':
        res = b'\x00\x00' + address
    elif prefix == 'tz2':
        res = b'\x00\x01' + address
    elif prefix == 'tz3':
        res = b'\x00\x02' + address
    elif prefix == 'KT1':
        res = b'\x01' + address + b'\x00'
    else:
        raise ValueError(value)
    return res[1:] if tz_only else res


def parse_address(data: bytes):
    """ Decode address or key_hash from bytes.

    :param data: encoded address or key_hash
    :returns: base58 encoded address
    """
    tz_prefixes = {b'\x00\x00': b'tz1', b'\x00\x01': b'tz2', b'\x00\x02':
        b'tz3'}
    for bin_prefix, tz_prefix in tz_prefixes.items():
        if data.startswith(bin_prefix):
            return base58_encode(data[2:], tz_prefix).decode()
    if data.startswith(b'\x01') and data.endswith(b'\x00'):
        return base58_encode(data[1:-1], b'KT1').decode()
    else:
        return base58_encode(data[1:], tz_prefixes[b'\x00' + data[:1]]).decode(
            )


def parse_contract(data: bytes):
    """ Decode contract (address + optional entrypoint) from bytes

    :param data: encoded contract
    :returns: base58 encoded address and entrypoint (if exists) separated by `%`
    """
    res = parse_address(data[:22])
    if len(data) > 22:
        res += f'%{data[22:].decode()}'
    return res


def forge_bool(value: bool) ->bytes:
    """ Encode boolean value into bytes.
    """
    return b'\xff' if value else b'\x00'


def forge_array(data, len_bytes=4) ->bytes:
    """ Encode array of bytes (prepend length).

    :param data: list of bytes
    :param len_bytes: number of bytes to store array length
    """
    return len(data).to_bytes(len_bytes, 'big') + data


def parse_array(data, len_bytes=4) ->tuple:
    """ Decode array of bytes.

    :param data: encoded array
    :param len_bytes: number of bytes to store array length
    :returns: Tuple[list of bytes, array length]
    """
    assert len(data
        ) >= len_bytes, f'not enough bytes to parse array length, wanted {len_bytes}'
    length = int.from_bytes(data[:len_bytes], 'big')
    assert len(data
        ) >= len_bytes + length, f'not enough bytes to parse array body, wanted {length}'
    return data[len_bytes:len_bytes + length], len_bytes + length


def forge_base58(value: str) ->bytes:
    """ Encode base58 string into bytes.

    :param value: base58 encoded value (with checksum)
    """
    return base58_decode(value.encode())


def forge_timestamp(value) ->int:
    """ Encode timestamp into bytes.

    :param value: unix timestamp in seconds (int)
    """
    assert isinstance(value, str)
    dt = datetime.strptime(value, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')
    return calendar.timegm(dt.utctimetuple())


def forge_contract(value) ->bytes:
    """ Encode a value of contract type (address + optional entrypoint) into bytes.

    :param value: 'tz12345' or 'tz12345%default'
    """
    parts = value.split('%')
    address, entrypoint = (parts[0], parts[1]) if len(parts) == 2 else (parts
        [0], 'default')
    res = forge_address(address)
    if entrypoint != 'default':
        res += entrypoint.encode()
    return res

<mask token>


def tb(l):
    return b''.join(map(lambda x: x.to_bytes(1, 'big'), l))


<mask token>


def scrub_input(v) ->bytes:
    if isinstance(v, str) and not isinstance(v, bytes):
        try:
            _ = int(v, 16)
        except ValueError:
            v = v.encode('ascii')
        else:
            if v.startswith('0x'):
                v = v[2:]
            v = bytes.fromhex(v)
    if not isinstance(v, bytes):
        raise TypeError(
            "a bytes-like object is required (also str), not '%s'" % type(v
            ).__name__)
    return v


def base58_decode(v: bytes) ->bytes:
    """ Decode data using Base58 with checksum + validate binary prefix against known kinds and cut in the end.

    :param v: Array of bytes (use string.encode())
    :returns: bytes
    """
    try:
        prefix_len = next(len(encoding[2]) for encoding in base58_encodings if
            len(v) == encoding[1] and v.startswith(encoding[0]))
    except StopIteration:
        raise ValueError('Invalid encoding, prefix or length mismatch.')
    return base58.b58decode_check(v)[prefix_len:]


<mask token>


def _validate(v, prefixes: list):
    v = scrub_input(v)
    if any(map(lambda x: v.startswith(x), prefixes)):
        base58_decode(v)
    else:
        raise ValueError('Unknown prefix.')


def validate_pkh(v):
    """ Ensure parameter is a public key hash (starts with b'tz1', b'tz2', b'tz3')

    :param v: string or bytes
    :raises ValueError: if parameter is not a public key hash
    """
    return _validate(v, prefixes=[b'tz1', b'tz2', b'tz3'])


def validate_sig(v):
    """ Ensure parameter is a signature (starts with b'edsig', b'spsig', b'p2sig', b'sig')

    :param v: string or bytes
    :raises ValueError: if parameter is not a signature
    """
    return _validate(v, prefixes=[b'edsig', b'spsig', b'p2sig', b'sig'])


def is_pkh(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a public key hash.
    """
    try:
        validate_pkh(v)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_sig(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a signature.
    """
    try:
        validate_sig(v)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_bh(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a block hash.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'B'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


<mask token>


def is_kt(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a KT address.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'KT1'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_key(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a public key.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'edsk', b'edpk', b'spsk', b'p2sk', b'sppk',
            b'p2pk'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_chain_id(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a chain id.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'Net'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def forge_nat(value) ->bytes:
    """ Encode a number using LEB128 encoding (Zarith).

    :param int value: the value to encode
    :returns: encoded value
    :rtype: bytes
    """
    if value < 0:
        raise ValueError('Value cannot be negative.')
    buf = bytearray()
    more = True
    while more:
        byte = value & 127
        value >>= 7
        if value:
            byte |= 128
        else:
            more = False
        buf.append(byte)
    return bytes(buf)


def forge_public_key(value) ->bytes:
    """ Encode public key into bytes.

    :param value: public key in in base58 form
    """
    prefix = value[:4]
    res = base58.b58decode_check(value)[4:]
    if prefix == 'edpk':
        return b'\x00' + res
    elif prefix == 'sppk':
        return b'\x01' + res
    elif prefix == 'p2pk':
        return b'\x02' + res
    raise ValueError(f'Unrecognized key type: #{prefix}')


def parse_public_key(data: bytes) ->str:
    """ Decode public key from byte form.

    :param data: encoded public key.
    :returns: base58 encoded public key
    """
    key_prefix = {b'\x00': b'edpk', b'\x01': b'sppk', b'\x02': b'p2pk'}
    return base58_encode(data[1:], key_prefix[data[:1]]).decode()


<mask token>


def parse_signature(data: bytes):
    """ Decode signature from byte form.

    :param data: encoded signature.
    :returns: base58 encoded signature (generic)
    """
    return base58_encode(data, b'sig').decode()


def forge_address(value: str, tz_only=False) ->bytes:
    """ Encode address or key hash into bytes.

    :param value: base58 encoded address or key_hash
    :param tz_only: True indicates that it's a key_hash (will be encoded in a more compact form)
    """
    prefix = value[:3]
    address = base58.b58decode_check(value)[3:]
    if prefix == 'tz1':
        res = b'\x00\x00' + address
    elif prefix == 'tz2':
        res = b'\x00\x01' + address
    elif prefix == 'tz3':
        res = b'\x00\x02' + address
    elif prefix == 'KT1':
        res = b'\x01' + address + b'\x00'
    else:
        raise ValueError(value)
    return res[1:] if tz_only else res


def parse_address(data: bytes):
    """ Decode address or key_hash from bytes.

    :param data: encoded address or key_hash
    :returns: base58 encoded address
    """
    tz_prefixes = {b'\x00\x00': b'tz1', b'\x00\x01': b'tz2', b'\x00\x02':
        b'tz3'}
    for bin_prefix, tz_prefix in tz_prefixes.items():
        if data.startswith(bin_prefix):
            return base58_encode(data[2:], tz_prefix).decode()
    if data.startswith(b'\x01') and data.endswith(b'\x00'):
        return base58_encode(data[1:-1], b'KT1').decode()
    else:
        return base58_encode(data[1:], tz_prefixes[b'\x00' + data[:1]]).decode(
            )


def parse_contract(data: bytes):
    """ Decode contract (address + optional entrypoint) from bytes

    :param data: encoded contract
    :returns: base58 encoded address and entrypoint (if exists) separated by `%`
    """
    res = parse_address(data[:22])
    if len(data) > 22:
        res += f'%{data[22:].decode()}'
    return res


def forge_bool(value: bool) ->bytes:
    """ Encode boolean value into bytes.
    """
    return b'\xff' if value else b'\x00'


def forge_array(data, len_bytes=4) ->bytes:
    """ Encode array of bytes (prepend length).

    :param data: list of bytes
    :param len_bytes: number of bytes to store array length
    """
    return len(data).to_bytes(len_bytes, 'big') + data


def parse_array(data, len_bytes=4) ->tuple:
    """ Decode array of bytes.

    :param data: encoded array
    :param len_bytes: number of bytes to store array length
    :returns: Tuple[list of bytes, array length]
    """
    assert len(data
        ) >= len_bytes, f'not enough bytes to parse array length, wanted {len_bytes}'
    length = int.from_bytes(data[:len_bytes], 'big')
    assert len(data
        ) >= len_bytes + length, f'not enough bytes to parse array body, wanted {length}'
    return data[len_bytes:len_bytes + length], len_bytes + length


def forge_base58(value: str) ->bytes:
    """ Encode base58 string into bytes.

    :param value: base58 encoded value (with checksum)
    """
    return base58_decode(value.encode())


def forge_timestamp(value) ->int:
    """ Encode timestamp into bytes.

    :param value: unix timestamp in seconds (int)
    """
    assert isinstance(value, str)
    dt = datetime.strptime(value, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')
    return calendar.timegm(dt.utctimetuple())


def forge_contract(value) ->bytes:
    """ Encode a value of contract type (address + optional entrypoint) into bytes.

    :param value: 'tz12345' or 'tz12345%default'
    """
    parts = value.split('%')
    address, entrypoint = (parts[0], parts[1]) if len(parts) == 2 else (parts
        [0], 'default')
    res = forge_address(address)
    if entrypoint != 'default':
        res += entrypoint.encode()
    return res

import base58
import calendar
from datetime import datetime


def tb(l):
    return b''.join(map(lambda x: x.to_bytes(1, 'big'), l))


base58_encodings = [(b'B', 51, tb([1, 52]), 32, u'block hash'), (b'o', 51,
    tb([5, 116]), 32, u'operation hash'), (b'Lo', 52, tb([133, 233]), 32,
    u'operation list hash'), (b'LLo', 53, tb([29, 159, 109]), 32,
    u'operation list list hash'), (b'P', 51, tb([2, 170]), 32,
    u'protocol hash'), (b'Co', 52, tb([79, 199]), 32, u'context hash'), (
    b'tz1', 36, tb([6, 161, 159]), 20, u'ed25519 public key hash'), (b'tz2',
    36, tb([6, 161, 161]), 20, u'secp256k1 public key hash'), (b'tz3', 36,
    tb([6, 161, 164]), 20, u'p256 public key hash'), (b'KT1', 36, tb([2, 90,
    121]), 20, u'Originated address'), (b'id', 30, tb([153, 103]), 16,
    u'cryptobox public key hash'), (b'expr', 54, tb([13, 44, 64, 27]), 32,
    u'script expression'), (b'edsk', 54, tb([13, 15, 58, 7]), 32,
    u'ed25519 seed'), (b'edpk', 54, tb([13, 15, 37, 217]), 32,
    u'ed25519 public key'), (b'spsk', 54, tb([17, 162, 224, 201]), 32,
    u'secp256k1 secret key'), (b'p2sk', 54, tb([16, 81, 238, 189]), 32,
    u'p256 secret key'), (b'edesk', 88, tb([7, 90, 60, 179, 41]), 56,
    u'ed25519 encrypted seed'), (b'spesk', 88, tb([9, 237, 241, 174, 150]),
    56, u'secp256k1 encrypted secret key'), (b'p2esk', 88, tb([9, 48, 57, 
    115, 171]), 56, u'p256_encrypted_secret_key'), (b'sppk', 55, tb([3, 254,
    226, 86]), 33, u'secp256k1 public key'), (b'p2pk', 55, tb([3, 178, 139,
    127]), 33, u'p256 public key'), (b'SSp', 53, tb([38, 248, 136]), 33,
    u'secp256k1 scalar'), (b'GSp', 53, tb([5, 92, 0]), 33,
    u'secp256k1 element'), (b'edsk', 98, tb([43, 246, 78, 7]), 64,
    u'ed25519 secret key'), (b'edsig', 99, tb([9, 245, 205, 134, 18]), 64,
    u'ed25519 signature'), (b'spsig', 99, tb([13, 115, 101, 19, 63]), 64,
    u'secp256k1 signature'), (b'p2sig', 98, tb([54, 240, 44, 52]), 64,
    u'p256 signature'), (b'sig', 96, tb([4, 130, 43]), 64,
    u'generic signature'), (b'Net', 15, tb([87, 82, 0]), 4, u'chain id')]
operation_tags = {'endorsement': 0, 'seed_nonce_revelation': 1,
    'double_endorsement_evidence': 2, 'double_baking_evidence': 3,
    'account_activation': 4, 'proposal': 5, 'ballot': 6, 'reveal': 7,
    'transaction': 8, 'origination': 9, 'delegation': 10}


def scrub_input(v) ->bytes:
    if isinstance(v, str) and not isinstance(v, bytes):
        try:
            _ = int(v, 16)
        except ValueError:
            v = v.encode('ascii')
        else:
            if v.startswith('0x'):
                v = v[2:]
            v = bytes.fromhex(v)
    if not isinstance(v, bytes):
        raise TypeError(
            "a bytes-like object is required (also str), not '%s'" % type(v
            ).__name__)
    return v


def base58_decode(v: bytes) ->bytes:
    """ Decode data using Base58 with checksum + validate binary prefix against known kinds and cut in the end.

    :param v: Array of bytes (use string.encode())
    :returns: bytes
    """
    try:
        prefix_len = next(len(encoding[2]) for encoding in base58_encodings if
            len(v) == encoding[1] and v.startswith(encoding[0]))
    except StopIteration:
        raise ValueError('Invalid encoding, prefix or length mismatch.')
    return base58.b58decode_check(v)[prefix_len:]


def base58_encode(v: bytes, prefix: bytes) ->bytes:
    """ Encode data using Base58 with checksum and add an according binary prefix in the end.

    :param v: Array of bytes
    :param prefix: Human-readable prefix (use b'') e.g. b'tz', b'KT', etc
    :returns: bytes (use string.decode())
    """
    try:
        encoding = next(encoding for encoding in base58_encodings if len(v) ==
            encoding[3] and prefix == encoding[0])
    except StopIteration:
        raise ValueError('Invalid encoding, prefix or length mismatch.')
    return base58.b58encode_check(encoding[2] + v)


def _validate(v, prefixes: list):
    v = scrub_input(v)
    if any(map(lambda x: v.startswith(x), prefixes)):
        base58_decode(v)
    else:
        raise ValueError('Unknown prefix.')


def validate_pkh(v):
    """ Ensure parameter is a public key hash (starts with b'tz1', b'tz2', b'tz3')

    :param v: string or bytes
    :raises ValueError: if parameter is not a public key hash
    """
    return _validate(v, prefixes=[b'tz1', b'tz2', b'tz3'])


def validate_sig(v):
    """ Ensure parameter is a signature (starts with b'edsig', b'spsig', b'p2sig', b'sig')

    :param v: string or bytes
    :raises ValueError: if parameter is not a signature
    """
    return _validate(v, prefixes=[b'edsig', b'spsig', b'p2sig', b'sig'])


def is_pkh(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a public key hash.
    """
    try:
        validate_pkh(v)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_sig(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a signature.
    """
    try:
        validate_sig(v)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_bh(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a block hash.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'B'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_ogh(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is an operation group hash.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'o'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_kt(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a KT address.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'KT1'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_key(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a public key.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'edsk', b'edpk', b'spsk', b'p2sk', b'sppk',
            b'p2pk'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_chain_id(v) ->bool:
    """ Check if value is a chain id.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'Net'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def forge_nat(value) ->bytes:
    """ Encode a number using LEB128 encoding (Zarith).

    :param int value: the value to encode
    :returns: encoded value
    :rtype: bytes
    """
    if value < 0:
        raise ValueError('Value cannot be negative.')
    buf = bytearray()
    more = True
    while more:
        byte = value & 127
        value >>= 7
        if value:
            byte |= 128
        else:
            more = False
        buf.append(byte)
    return bytes(buf)


def forge_public_key(value) ->bytes:
    """ Encode public key into bytes.

    :param value: public key in in base58 form
    """
    prefix = value[:4]
    res = base58.b58decode_check(value)[4:]
    if prefix == 'edpk':
        return b'\x00' + res
    elif prefix == 'sppk':
        return b'\x01' + res
    elif prefix == 'p2pk':
        return b'\x02' + res
    raise ValueError(f'Unrecognized key type: #{prefix}')


def parse_public_key(data: bytes) ->str:
    """ Decode public key from byte form.

    :param data: encoded public key.
    :returns: base58 encoded public key
    """
    key_prefix = {b'\x00': b'edpk', b'\x01': b'sppk', b'\x02': b'p2pk'}
    return base58_encode(data[1:], key_prefix[data[:1]]).decode()


def parse_chain_id(data: bytes):
    """ Decode chain id from byte form.

    :param data: encoded chain id.
    :returns: base58 encoded chain id
    """
    return base58_encode(data, b'Net').decode()


def parse_signature(data: bytes):
    """ Decode signature from byte form.

    :param data: encoded signature.
    :returns: base58 encoded signature (generic)
    """
    return base58_encode(data, b'sig').decode()


def forge_address(value: str, tz_only=False) ->bytes:
    """ Encode address or key hash into bytes.

    :param value: base58 encoded address or key_hash
    :param tz_only: True indicates that it's a key_hash (will be encoded in a more compact form)
    """
    prefix = value[:3]
    address = base58.b58decode_check(value)[3:]
    if prefix == 'tz1':
        res = b'\x00\x00' + address
    elif prefix == 'tz2':
        res = b'\x00\x01' + address
    elif prefix == 'tz3':
        res = b'\x00\x02' + address
    elif prefix == 'KT1':
        res = b'\x01' + address + b'\x00'
    else:
        raise ValueError(value)
    return res[1:] if tz_only else res


def parse_address(data: bytes):
    """ Decode address or key_hash from bytes.

    :param data: encoded address or key_hash
    :returns: base58 encoded address
    """
    tz_prefixes = {b'\x00\x00': b'tz1', b'\x00\x01': b'tz2', b'\x00\x02':
        b'tz3'}
    for bin_prefix, tz_prefix in tz_prefixes.items():
        if data.startswith(bin_prefix):
            return base58_encode(data[2:], tz_prefix).decode()
    if data.startswith(b'\x01') and data.endswith(b'\x00'):
        return base58_encode(data[1:-1], b'KT1').decode()
    else:
        return base58_encode(data[1:], tz_prefixes[b'\x00' + data[:1]]).decode(
            )


def parse_contract(data: bytes):
    """ Decode contract (address + optional entrypoint) from bytes

    :param data: encoded contract
    :returns: base58 encoded address and entrypoint (if exists) separated by `%`
    """
    res = parse_address(data[:22])
    if len(data) > 22:
        res += f'%{data[22:].decode()}'
    return res


def forge_bool(value: bool) ->bytes:
    """ Encode boolean value into bytes.
    """
    return b'\xff' if value else b'\x00'


def forge_array(data, len_bytes=4) ->bytes:
    """ Encode array of bytes (prepend length).

    :param data: list of bytes
    :param len_bytes: number of bytes to store array length
    """
    return len(data).to_bytes(len_bytes, 'big') + data


def parse_array(data, len_bytes=4) ->tuple:
    """ Decode array of bytes.

    :param data: encoded array
    :param len_bytes: number of bytes to store array length
    :returns: Tuple[list of bytes, array length]
    """
    assert len(data
        ) >= len_bytes, f'not enough bytes to parse array length, wanted {len_bytes}'
    length = int.from_bytes(data[:len_bytes], 'big')
    assert len(data
        ) >= len_bytes + length, f'not enough bytes to parse array body, wanted {length}'
    return data[len_bytes:len_bytes + length], len_bytes + length


def forge_base58(value: str) ->bytes:
    """ Encode base58 string into bytes.

    :param value: base58 encoded value (with checksum)
    """
    return base58_decode(value.encode())


def forge_timestamp(value) ->int:
    """ Encode timestamp into bytes.

    :param value: unix timestamp in seconds (int)
    """
    assert isinstance(value, str)
    dt = datetime.strptime(value, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')
    return calendar.timegm(dt.utctimetuple())


def forge_contract(value) ->bytes:
    """ Encode a value of contract type (address + optional entrypoint) into bytes.

    :param value: 'tz12345' or 'tz12345%default'
    """
    parts = value.split('%')
    address, entrypoint = (parts[0], parts[1]) if len(parts) == 2 else (parts
        [0], 'default')
    res = forge_address(address)
    if entrypoint != 'default':
        res += entrypoint.encode()
    return res

import base58
import calendar
from datetime import datetime


def tb(l):
    return b''.join(map(lambda x: x.to_bytes(1, 'big'), l))


base58_encodings = [
    #    Encoded   |               Decoded             |
    # prefix | len | prefix                      | len | Data type
    (b"B",     51,   tb([1, 52]),                  32,   u"block hash"),
    (b"o",     51,   tb([5, 116]),                 32,   u"operation hash"),
    (b"Lo",    52,   tb([133, 233]),               32,   u"operation list hash"),
    (b"LLo",   53,   tb([29, 159, 109]),           32,   u"operation list list hash"),
    (b"P",     51,   tb([2, 170]),                 32,   u"protocol hash"),
    (b"Co",    52,   tb([79, 199]),                32,   u"context hash"),

    (b"tz1",   36,   tb([6, 161, 159]),            20,   u"ed25519 public key hash"),
    (b"tz2",   36,   tb([6, 161, 161]),            20,   u"secp256k1 public key hash"),
    (b"tz3",   36,   tb([6, 161, 164]),            20,   u"p256 public key hash"),
    (b"KT1",   36,   tb([2, 90, 121]),             20,   u"Originated address"),

    (b"id",    30,   tb([153, 103]),               16,   u"cryptobox public key hash"),

    (b'expr',  54,   tb([13, 44, 64, 27]),         32,   u'script expression'),
    (b"edsk",  54,   tb([13, 15, 58, 7]),          32,   u"ed25519 seed"),
    (b"edpk",  54,   tb([13, 15, 37, 217]),        32,   u"ed25519 public key"),
    (b"spsk",  54,   tb([17, 162, 224, 201]),      32,   u"secp256k1 secret key"),
    (b"p2sk",  54,   tb([16, 81, 238, 189]),       32,   u"p256 secret key"),

    (b"edesk", 88,   tb([7, 90, 60, 179, 41]),     56,   u"ed25519 encrypted seed"),
    (b"spesk", 88,   tb([9, 237, 241, 174, 150]),  56,   u"secp256k1 encrypted secret key"),
    (b"p2esk", 88,   tb([9, 48, 57, 115, 171]),    56,   u"p256_encrypted_secret_key"),

    (b"sppk",  55,   tb([3, 254, 226, 86]),        33,   u"secp256k1 public key"),
    (b"p2pk",  55,   tb([3, 178, 139, 127]),       33,   u"p256 public key"),
    (b"SSp",   53,   tb([38, 248, 136]),           33,   u"secp256k1 scalar"),
    (b"GSp",   53,   tb([5, 92, 0]),               33,   u"secp256k1 element"),

    (b"edsk",  98,   tb([43, 246, 78, 7]),         64,   u"ed25519 secret key"),
    (b"edsig", 99,   tb([9, 245, 205, 134, 18]),   64,   u"ed25519 signature"),
    (b"spsig", 99,   tb([13, 115, 101, 19, 63]),   64,   u"secp256k1 signature"),
    (b"p2sig", 98,   tb([54, 240, 44, 52]),        64,   u"p256 signature"),
    (b"sig",   96,   tb([4, 130, 43]),             64,   u"generic signature"),

    (b'Net',   15,   tb([87, 82, 0]),              4,    u"chain id"),
]

operation_tags = {
    'endorsement': 0,
    'seed_nonce_revelation': 1,
    'double_endorsement_evidence': 2,
    'double_baking_evidence': 3,
    'account_activation': 4,
    'proposal': 5,
    'ballot': 6,
    'reveal': 7,
    'transaction': 8,
    'origination': 9,
    'delegation': 10
}


def scrub_input(v) -> bytes:
    if isinstance(v, str) and not isinstance(v, bytes):
        try:
            _ = int(v, 16)
        except ValueError:
            v = v.encode('ascii')
        else:
            if v.startswith('0x'):
                v = v[2:]
            v = bytes.fromhex(v)

    if not isinstance(v, bytes):
        raise TypeError(
            "a bytes-like object is required (also str), not '%s'" %
            type(v).__name__)

    return v


def base58_decode(v: bytes) -> bytes:
    """ Decode data using Base58 with checksum + validate binary prefix against known kinds and cut in the end.

    :param v: Array of bytes (use string.encode())
    :returns: bytes
    """
    try:
        prefix_len = next(
            len(encoding[2])
            for encoding in base58_encodings
            if len(v) == encoding[1] and v.startswith(encoding[0])
        )
    except StopIteration:
        raise ValueError('Invalid encoding, prefix or length mismatch.')

    return base58.b58decode_check(v)[prefix_len:]


def base58_encode(v: bytes, prefix: bytes) -> bytes:
    """ Encode data using Base58 with checksum and add an according binary prefix in the end.

    :param v: Array of bytes
    :param prefix: Human-readable prefix (use b'') e.g. b'tz', b'KT', etc
    :returns: bytes (use string.decode())
    """
    try:
        encoding = next(
            encoding
            for encoding in base58_encodings
            if len(v) == encoding[3] and prefix == encoding[0]
        )
    except StopIteration:
        raise ValueError('Invalid encoding, prefix or length mismatch.')

    return base58.b58encode_check(encoding[2] + v)


def _validate(v, prefixes: list):
    v = scrub_input(v)
    if any(map(lambda x: v.startswith(x), prefixes)):
        base58_decode(v)
    else:
        raise ValueError('Unknown prefix.')


def validate_pkh(v):
    """ Ensure parameter is a public key hash (starts with b'tz1', b'tz2', b'tz3')

    :param v: string or bytes
    :raises ValueError: if parameter is not a public key hash
    """
    return _validate(v, prefixes=[b'tz1', b'tz2', b'tz3'])


def validate_sig(v):
    """ Ensure parameter is a signature (starts with b'edsig', b'spsig', b'p2sig', b'sig')

    :param v: string or bytes
    :raises ValueError: if parameter is not a signature
    """
    return _validate(v, prefixes=[b'edsig', b'spsig', b'p2sig', b'sig'])


def is_pkh(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is a public key hash.
    """
    try:
        validate_pkh(v)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_sig(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is a signature.
    """
    try:
        validate_sig(v)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_bh(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is a block hash.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'B'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_ogh(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is an operation group hash.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'o'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_kt(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is a KT address.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'KT1'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_key(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is a public key.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b"edsk", b"edpk", b"spsk", b"p2sk", b"sppk", b"p2pk"])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def is_chain_id(v) -> bool:
    """ Check if value is a chain id.
    """
    try:
        _validate(v, prefixes=[b'Net'])
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return False
    return True


def forge_nat(value) -> bytes:
    """ Encode a number using LEB128 encoding (Zarith).

    :param int value: the value to encode
    :returns: encoded value
    :rtype: bytes
    """
    if value < 0:
        raise ValueError('Value cannot be negative.')

    buf = bytearray()
    more = True

    while more:
        byte = value & 0x7f
        value >>= 7

        if value:
            byte |= 0x80
        else:
            more = False

        buf.append(byte)

    return bytes(buf)


def forge_public_key(value) -> bytes:
    """ Encode public key into bytes.

    :param value: public key in in base58 form
    """
    prefix = value[:4]
    res = base58.b58decode_check(value)[4:]

    if prefix == 'edpk':
        return b'\x00' + res
    elif prefix == 'sppk':
        return b'\x01' + res
    elif prefix == 'p2pk':
        return b'\x02' + res

    raise ValueError(f'Unrecognized key type: #{prefix}')


def parse_public_key(data: bytes) -> str:
    """ Decode public key from byte form.

    :param data: encoded public key.
    :returns: base58 encoded public key
    """
    key_prefix = {
        b'\x00': b'edpk',
        b'\x01': b'sppk',
        b'\x02': b'p2pk'
    }
    return base58_encode(data[1:], key_prefix[data[:1]]).decode()


def parse_chain_id(data: bytes):
    """ Decode chain id from byte form.

    :param data: encoded chain id.
    :returns: base58 encoded chain id
    """
    return base58_encode(data, b'Net').decode()


def parse_signature(data: bytes):
    """ Decode signature from byte form.

    :param data: encoded signature.
    :returns: base58 encoded signature (generic)
    """
    return base58_encode(data, b'sig').decode()


def forge_address(value: str, tz_only=False) -> bytes:
    """ Encode address or key hash into bytes.

    :param value: base58 encoded address or key_hash
    :param tz_only: True indicates that it's a key_hash (will be encoded in a more compact form)
    """
    prefix = value[:3]
    address = base58.b58decode_check(value)[3:]

    if prefix == 'tz1':
        res = b'\x00\x00' + address
    elif prefix == 'tz2':
        res = b'\x00\x01' + address
    elif prefix == 'tz3':
        res = b'\x00\x02' + address
    elif prefix == 'KT1':
        res = b'\x01' + address + b'\x00'
    else:
        raise ValueError(value)

    return res[1:] if tz_only else res


def parse_address(data: bytes):
    """ Decode address or key_hash from bytes.

    :param data: encoded address or key_hash
    :returns: base58 encoded address
    """
    tz_prefixes = {
        b'\x00\x00': b'tz1',
        b'\x00\x01': b'tz2',
        b'\x00\x02': b'tz3'
    }

    for bin_prefix, tz_prefix in tz_prefixes.items():
        if data.startswith(bin_prefix):
            return base58_encode(data[2:], tz_prefix).decode()

    if data.startswith(b'\x01') and data.endswith(b'\x00'):
        return base58_encode(data[1:-1], b'KT1').decode()
    else:
        return base58_encode(data[1:], tz_prefixes[b'\x00' + data[:1]]).decode()


def parse_contract(data: bytes):
    """ Decode contract (address + optional entrypoint) from bytes

    :param data: encoded contract
    :returns: base58 encoded address and entrypoint (if exists) separated by `%`
    """
    res = parse_address(data[:22])
    if len(data) > 22:
        res += f'%{data[22:].decode()}'
    return res


def forge_bool(value: bool) -> bytes:
    """ Encode boolean value into bytes.
    """
    return b'\xff' if value else b'\x00'


def forge_array(data, len_bytes=4) -> bytes:
    """ Encode array of bytes (prepend length).

    :param data: list of bytes
    :param len_bytes: number of bytes to store array length
    """
    return len(data).to_bytes(len_bytes, 'big') + data


def parse_array(data, len_bytes=4) -> tuple:
    """ Decode array of bytes.

    :param data: encoded array
    :param len_bytes: number of bytes to store array length
    :returns: Tuple[list of bytes, array length]
    """
    assert len(data) >= len_bytes, f'not enough bytes to parse array length, wanted {len_bytes}'
    length = int.from_bytes(data[:len_bytes], 'big')
    assert len(data) >= len_bytes + length, f'not enough bytes to parse array body, wanted {length}'
    return data[len_bytes:len_bytes+length], len_bytes+length


def forge_base58(value: str) -> bytes:
    """ Encode base58 string into bytes.

    :param value: base58 encoded value (with checksum)
    """
    return base58_decode(value.encode())


def forge_timestamp(value) -> int:
    """ Encode timestamp into bytes.

    :param value: unix timestamp in seconds (int)
    """
    assert isinstance(value, str)
    dt = datetime.strptime(value, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')
    return calendar.timegm(dt.utctimetuple())


def forge_contract(value) -> bytes:
    """ Encode a value of contract type (address + optional entrypoint) into bytes.

    :param value: 'tz12345' or 'tz12345%default'
    """
    parts = value.split('%')
    address, entrypoint = (parts[0], parts[1]) if len(parts) == 2 else (parts[0], 'default')
    res = forge_address(address)
    if entrypoint != 'default':
        res += entrypoint.encode()
    return res
