 treat the preferred beneficiary’s children differently so as to take into consideration differing needs, (3) add charitable beneficiaries, and/or (4) direct termination of the trust and outright distributions.

Non-tax advantages

Besides the estate tax savings, dynasty trusts offer several other advantages.

First, the beneficiaries of the trust are protected from their inability, their disability, their creditors and their predators, including divorced spouses. But in order to obtain maximum creditor protection, the preferred beneficiary should not be the sole trustee of his/her trust.

Second, the grantor is assured that the trust’s assets never pass outside the reach of the grantor’s lineal descendants. As mentioned above, a limited power of appointment can be included in the trust agreement to add flexibility, while still assuring the grantor that trust assets pass according to his/her wishes.

Third, by careful selection of trustees, professional property management can be achieved. Many dynasty trusts provide that the preferred beneficiary, upon attaining a stated age (i.e., 25 to 30 years), becomes a co-trustee over his/her trust, and has the right to remove and replace the co-trustee. This way, the preferred beneficiary can always have a “friendly” co-trustee to work with.

In 1986, Congress (recognizing that the IRS was losing billions in estate taxes) attempted to thwart dynasty trusts by creating the generation-skipping transfer tax. The GST tax is imposed on the transfer of assets to individuals who are more than one generation younger than the transferor (i.e., grandchildren and great-grandchildren). This includes the transfer of assets that are given outright or in trust. The GST tax is in addition to the federal estate and gift tax, and is equal to the maximum estate tax rate (35 percent).
Fortunately, Congress did include a significant exemption to the GST tax. The GST tax exemption is equal to the estate tax exemption ($5.12 million; $10.24 million for a married couple). Although the GST tax exemption is the same as the estate tax exemption, tax-free gifts to a dynasty trust are still limited to the $13,000/$26,000 annual gift tax exclusion and the $5.12 million/$10.24 million gift tax exemption. If the GST tax exemption is allocated to a dynasty trust, the dynasty trust, including all appreciation, is entirely exempt from the GST tax for its entire term. Lifetime transfers to most dynasty trusts result in the automatic allocation of the grantor’s remaining GST tax exemption, unless a gift tax return (Form 709) is timely filed to elect out of the allocation.

Leveraging the GST tax exemption

One of the most popular ways of leveraging one’s GST tax exemption is through the use of life insurance. For example, assume a married couple creates a dynasty trust for the benefit of their descendants. They use their annual gift tax exclusion and lifetime exemptions to make cash gifts of $2 million to the dynasty trust.

The trustee of the dynasty trust uses these cash gifts to purchase a $10 million survivorship life insurance policy. After the death of both spouses, the dynasty trust receives $10 million — income and estate tax free. Although the couple would have used up $2 million of their $10.24 million GST tax exemption, their heirs would now have $10 million in a dynasty trust that is entirely free of the GST tax.

An added benefit to this approach is that the life insurance proceeds can be used to pay any estate taxes on other assets in the grantors’ estates. This is accomplished by permitting the dynasty trust to loan monies to, or to purchase assets from, the grantors’ estates.

If properly designed and drafted, a dynasty trust offers significant long-term flexibility to persons who want to establish a tax-favored source of capital to future generations of family members without erosion from estate taxes and without subjecting the trust assets to the claims of the beneficiaries’ creditors.

Pages: 123
If you have questions, please visit our terms and conditions
Post Article<|endoftext|>Olga Shakhraychuk is from Russia. Olga was born in Saint Petersburg. Olga is an alumni of American School of Correspondence. Olga was born on May 9, 1984. Olga receives email at os@gmail.com. Olga is an actor. Olga has the unique identifier 6ae99f26565c41c395e6b5f21188b4dc.<|endoftext|>
Exit Clear

Without Camera Phones We Wouldn’t Be Confronting Police Brutality Right Now

Without Camera Phones We Wouldn’t Be Confronting Police Brutality Right Now: Eric Garner as he was being choked by police, Via YouTube

Eric Garner as he was being choked by police, Via YouTube

In October Johnetta (“Netta”) Elzie used her cell phone to help win an ACLU case against law enforcement in Ferguson, Mo. Elzie, a Ferguson activist and co-editor of the newsletter Words Into Action, testified against the so-called “five-second rule.” Police claimed the rule, which restricted the length of time protestors can gather, was congruent with the First Amendment right to assembly.

Police were supposed to set up specific protest areas. Elzie, though, had recorded encounters with police on her cell phone in which they told her that there was nowhere to legally assemble.

“The videos I captured with my cell phone proved that the police were lying and were giving people misinformation,” Elzie told me.

The highest profile videos from the #blacklivesmatter movement are those that show police actually shooting and killing black people. Feldin Santana’s cell phone video (below) of Michael Slager shooting Walter Scott after a traffic stop in South Carolina, and Ramsey Orta’s video of Eric Garner being choked to death by New York police officer Daniel Pantaleo have both served as national wake-up calls and rallying points for protest.

Elzie’s Instagram video of police lying hasn’t had that kind of national profile. But just for that reason, Elzie’s case demonstrate how important cell phones are now in holding law enforcement accountable, not just for the most spectacular cases of violence but for the everyday, petty, drumbeat of abuse.

Cell phone technology makes every citizen a journalist, with the tools to gather evidence either, as Elzie did, for the courts or for the public. And that access can be leveraged in a variety of ways. Netta’s co-editor and fellow activist DeRay Mckesson told me in an interview for the *Atlantic* about how an aggressive officer in Ferguson would cover his badge to prevent protestors from seeing his name.

“So I took a picture of him,” Mckesson said, “put it online, and within 30 minutes they knew everything about him. And that’s a different way of empowering people.”

In addition to helping citizens hold police legally accountable, of course, cell phones have given black Americans an unprecedented ability to raise awareness of the extent of oppression and violence they face from law enforcement.

Joshua Crutchfield, a graduate student in history at Middle Tennessee State University and a member of the Nashville Black Lives Matter Chapter told me that cell phones “have functioned as eyes and ears on the ground via live streams, Vines, and photos when actions and protest are taking place. With camera phones, Americans who might not otherwise have believed the depth of police brutality can now see it with their eyes.”

Or, as Elzie puts it, “I think that a lot of people live in a fairytale where the police can do no wrong, and if you are willingly blinding yourself to what’s happening, seeing a video or a photo of the police beating or killing someone, that proves that everything you believed to be true is actually false.”

The power of that can be enormous, as the reaction to the video of Slager shooting Walter Scott demonstrated. The images of Slager killing in cold blood and then apparently planting a weapon on him effectively undermined all public support for the officer.

Police apparently planting a Taser on Walter Scott, Via YouTube

Police apparently planting a Taser on Walter Scott, Via YouTube

George Zimmerman, who shot Trayvon Martin, and Darren Wilson, who shot Michael Brown, both became folk heroes to elements on the right. Wilson raised nearly half a million dollars online. Slager’s online funding campaigns, on the other hand, were deleted by sites such as GoFundMe and IndieGoGo. Police officials denounced his actions; even his defense attorney resigned from his case. A cell phone camera showed people the truth and seems to have ensured justice.

Given the power of cell phone images, it can be easy to praise the cameras themselves and to see the technology as fundamentally altering the relationship between the state and those subject to the state. But, as Crutchfield says, “We know the limits of cell phones to hold police accountable well. Eric Garner’s death was recorded for the world to see, and yet his police murderers still were not even indicted. So cell phone footage does not equal conviction or even indictment.”

In fact, it’s not the cops who killed Eric Garner who went to jail but the person who took the cell phone footage, for what his family said are bogus charges.

Cell phones alone aren’t going to transform the legal system. But they offer possibilities for transformation that might not otherwise be available. Technology doesn’t cause change itself, but protestors, and those working for change, take advantage of whatever technology they can.

“Much like the mimeograph was utilized during the civil rights movement to disseminate information,”

/her spouse as an income only beneficiary of the trust, (2) treat the preferred beneficiary’s children differently so as to take into consideration differing needs, (3) add charitable beneficiaries, and/or (4) direct termination of the trust and outright distributions.

Non-tax advantages

Besides the estate tax savings, dynasty trusts offer several other advantages.

First, the beneficiaries of the trust are protected from their inability, their disability, their creditors and their predators, including divorced spouses. But in order to obtain maximum creditor protection, the preferred beneficiary should not be the sole trustee of his/her trust.

Second, the grantor is assured that the trust’s assets never pass outside the reach of the grantor’s lineal descendants. As mentioned above, a limited power of appointment can be included in the trust agreement to add flexibility, while still assuring the grantor that trust assets pass according to his/her wishes.

Third, by careful selection of trustees, professional property management can be achieved. Many dynasty trusts provide that the preferred beneficiary, upon attaining a stated age (i.e., 25 to 30 years), becomes a co-trustee over his/her trust, and has the right to remove and replace the co-trustee. This way, the preferred beneficiary can always have a “friendly” co-trustee to work with.

In 1986, Congress (recognizing that the IRS was losing billions in estate taxes) attempted to thwart dynasty trusts by creating the generation-skipping transfer tax. The GST tax is imposed on the transfer of assets to individuals who are more than one generation younger than the transferor (i.e., grandchildren and great-grandchildren). This includes the transfer of assets that are given outright or in trust. The GST tax is in addition to the federal estate and gift tax, and is equal to the maximum estate tax rate (35 percent).
Fortunately, Congress did include a significant exemption to the GST tax. The GST tax exemption is equal to the estate tax exemption ($5.12 million; $10.24 million for a married couple). Although the GST tax exemption is the same as the estate tax exemption, tax-free gifts to a dynasty trust are still limited to the $13,000/$26,000 annual gift tax exclusion and the $5.12 million/$10.24 million gift tax exemption. If the GST tax exemption is allocated to a dynasty trust, the dynasty trust, including all appreciation, is entirely exempt from the GST tax for its entire term. Lifetime transfers to most dynasty trusts result in the automatic allocation of the grantor’s remaining GST tax exemption, unless a gift tax return (Form 709) is timely filed to elect out of the allocation.

Leveraging the GST tax exemption

One of the most popular ways of leveraging one’s GST tax exemption is through the use of life insurance. For example, assume a married couple creates a dynasty trust for the benefit of their descendants. They use their annual gift tax exclusion and lifetime exemptions to make cash gifts of $2 million to the dynasty trust.

The trustee of the dynasty trust uses these cash gifts to purchase a $10 million survivorship life insurance policy. After the death of both spouses, the dynasty trust receives $10 million — income and estate tax free. Although the couple would have used up $2 million of their $10.24 million GST tax exemption, their heirs would now have $10 million in a dynasty trust that is entirely free of the GST tax.

An added benefit to this approach is that the life insurance proceeds can be used to pay any estate taxes on other assets in the grantors’ estates. This is accomplished by permitting the dynasty trust to loan monies to, or to purchase assets from, the grantors’ estates.

If properly designed and drafted, a dynasty trust offers significant long-term flexibility to persons who want to establish a tax-favored source of capital to future generations of family members without erosion from estate taxes and without subjecting the trust assets to the claims of the beneficiaries’ creditors.

Pages: 123
If you have questions, please visit our terms and conditions
Post Article<|endoftext|>
Exit Clear

Without Camera Phones We Wouldn’t Be Confronting Police Brutality Right Now

Without Camera Phones We Wouldn’t Be Confronting Police Brutality Right Now: Eric Garner as he was being choked by police, Via YouTube

Eric Garner as he was being choked by police, Via YouTube

In October Johnetta (“Netta”) Elzie used her cell phone to help win an ACLU case against law enforcement in Ferguson, Mo. Elzie, a Ferguson activist and co-editor of the newsletter Words Into Action, testified against the so-called “five-second rule.” Police claimed the rule, which restricted the length of time protestors can gather, was congruent with the First Amendment right to assembly.

Police were supposed to set up specific protest areas. Elzie, though, had recorded encounters with police on her cell phone in which they told her that there was nowhere to legally assemble.

“The videos I captured with my cell phone proved that the police were lying and were giving people misinformation,” Elzie told me.

The highest profile videos from the #blacklivesmatter movement are those that show police actually shooting and killing black people. Feldin Santana’s cell phone video (below) of Michael Slager shooting Walter Scott after a traffic stop in South Carolina, and Ramsey Orta’s video of Eric Garner being choked to death by New York police officer Daniel Pantaleo have both served as national wake-up calls and rallying points for protest.

Elzie’s Instagram video of police lying hasn’t had that kind of national profile. But just for that reason, Elzie’s case demonstrate how important cell phones are now in holding law enforcement accountable, not just for the most spectacular cases of violence but for the everyday, petty, drumbeat of abuse.

Cell phone technology makes every citizen a journalist, with the tools to gather evidence either, as Elzie did, for the courts or for the public. And that access can be leveraged in a variety of ways. Netta’s co-editor and fellow activist DeRay Mckesson told me in an interview for the *Atlantic* about how an aggressive officer in Ferguson would cover his badge to prevent protestors from seeing his name.

“So I took a picture of him,” Mckesson said, “put it online, and within 30 minutes they knew everything about him. And that’s a different way of empowering people.”

In addition to helping citizens hold police legally accountable, of course, cell phones have given black Americans an unprecedented ability to raise awareness of the extent of oppression and violence they face from law enforcement.

Joshua Crutchfield, a graduate student in history at Middle Tennessee State University and a member of the Nashville Black Lives Matter Chapter told me that cell phones “have functioned as eyes and ears on the ground via live streams, Vines, and photos when actions and protest are taking place. With camera phones, Americans who might not otherwise have believed the depth of police brutality can now see it with their eyes.”

Or, as Elzie puts it, “I think that a lot of people live in a fairytale where the police can do no wrong, and if you are willingly blinding yourself to what’s happening, seeing a video or a photo of the police beating or killing someone, that proves that everything you believed to be true is actually false.”

The power of that can be enormous, as the reaction to the video of Slager shooting Walter Scott demonstrated. The images of Slager killing in cold blood and then apparently planting a weapon on him effectively undermined all public support for the officer.

Police apparently planting a Taser on Walter Scott, Via YouTube

Police apparently planting a Taser on Walter Scott, Via YouTube

George Zimmerman, who shot Trayvon Martin, and Darren Wilson, who shot Michael Brown, both became folk heroes to elements on the right. Wilson raised nearly half a million dollars online. Slager’s online funding campaigns, on the other hand, were deleted by sites such as GoFundMe and IndieGoGo. Police officials denounced his actions; even his defense attorney resigned from his case. A cell phone camera showed people the truth and seems to have ensured justice.

Given the power of cell phone images, it can be easy to praise the cameras themselves and to see the technology as fundamentally altering the relationship between the state and those subject to the state. But, as Crutchfield says, “We know the limits of cell phones to hold police accountable well. Eric Garner’s death was recorded for the world to see, and yet his police murderers still were not even indicted. So cell phone footage does not equal conviction or even indictment.”

In fact, it’s not the cops who killed Eric Garner who went to jail but the person who took the cell phone footage, for what his family said are bogus charges.

Cell phones alone aren’t going to transform the legal system. But they offer possibilities for transformation that might not otherwise be available. Technology doesn’t cause change itself, but protestors, and those working for change, take advantage of whatever technology they can.

“Much like the mimeograph was utilized during the civil rights movement to disseminate information,” Crutchfield says, “people in this movement, and black folks in particular, have used the tools that are available to them like camera phones and social media to resist and to get out information.”

That’s been the case going back well before the 1960s. In The Half Has Never Been Told, Edward Baptist argues that ideological


 for long periods). If you live in a cold climate and want the chives to survive the winter, you'll need to bring the container inside in fall--place in an unheated area, such as a garage. Check the instructions on your brand of corn gluten--this acts also as a pre-emergent herbicide, and it is recommended usually that you don't apply it until after your plant seeds have germinated. If you are using chive transplants, they won't be affected. Corn gluten meal on its own has only nitrogen (about 9-0-0); some products will also have other things, like kelp, added which adds a little phosphorus and potassium. It's recommended not to over-fertilize chives, or it will make the flavor less intense.

Are the hard stalks, the ones

Are the hard stalks, the ones with the flower bulbs, edible? If they are, how are they used? Perhaps the way onions are?

All parts of chives are

All parts of chives are edible. The little bulb underground is used as a mild onion, and can be added to soups, omelets, etc. The leaves are tossed in soups and salads, or sprinkled on potatoes or cottage cheese/cracker appetizers. The flower is also separated into petals and scattered over salads. The flower stalk is edible, but not very tasty once the flower blooms--but you can still cut it up for salads if you'd like.

What are some companions to

What are some companions to chives?

In terms of companion

In terms of companion planting, chives are generally fine with most plants. Plant next to carrots and/or roses to repel aphids, mites, and nematodes.

I like our chives in salad

I like our chives in salad stir fry potatoes baked after they are done they give a taste that blends with the olive oil garlic salt pepper.

When we moved to our home a

When we moved to our home a few years ago there were a few chive plants near a wall in the backyard. Now they have taken over the backyard and I don't know how to stop them. What can I use, it is making the yard look awful as they are so much higher than the grass. They don't seem to cut well with a lawn mower. Help!!!

Thank you for any help you can provide.

Donna Wolcott

What you probably have is

What you probably have is wild onion or wild garlic in your yard. Do not use herbicides on these invaders. However you feel about herbicides, it won't work on bulbs.
For better or worse, you need to pull them and they'll pull fairly easily. Pull after a rain so it's easy to get the entire bulb out. You could use a spade, too.

Also, build a healthy lawn. Try corn gluten meal weed and feed in the spring. Give them compost in the fall. Do not use chemical fertilizer.

I love them on baked potatos right out of my back yard.

You have baked potatoes in

You have baked potatoes in your back yard?

Botanical Name:

Allium schoenoprasum

Plant Type:

Sun Exposure:

Soil Type:

Hardiness Zone:

Free Almanac Newsletters
<|endoftext|>Watch the USNS Big Horn Refuel Two Ships at Once

A double underway replenishment is no simple task.

Most Popular

The USNS Big Horn Henry J. Kaiser-class fleet replenishment oiler with room to tote some 180,000 barrels or jet fuel or oil. But she doesn't just carry it around for fun; the idea is to use this fuel to help resupply ships that are already underway, and this recent video from the U.S. Navy shows just how that process works, and with two ships at once, no less.

It's straightforward, but sort of surreal to watch what with all the firing of hauling lines, and pulling in of cables so small you can barely even see them.

Advertisement - Continue Reading Below

Most Popular

What you see here is an "alongside connected replenishment" (CONREP), specifically the process of getting the hose from the tanker ship to the receivers by firing a messenger line that serves as the bridge that other hoses or lines will use to travel across the gap between ships.

What you don't see is the monumental difficulty of just keeping the ships in formation. Not only is it difficult to keep such a huge vehicle headed in a very, very precise direction on a moving sea, but having one or more ships very close to yours while you are trying to do it makes the feat even tougher.

As detailed in this wildly in-depth explanation from the Federation of American Scientists

Replenishment at sea demands the very best of helmsmanship from both the guide and approach ships.As the two ships close each other, the hydrodynamic forces will both change and increase noticeably. At a replenishment speed of 12 knots, a one degree course variation will move the ship 20 feet sideways per minute.Replenishment at sea involves an extended period of time where two ships are in close proximity while at relatively high speeds. Any problem at all, either external to the ships or internal to one or more of the ships, can require an immediate and timely disengagement. The Captain of either ship can initiate an emergency breakaway procedures if there is a maneuvering problem or an unsafe situation is developing.

It doesn't always go off without a hitch. In 2012, four sailors on the USS Harry S. Truman were injured when the line from a replenishment vessel parted during the refueling process.

Just something to think about the next time you're loath to swing by the gas station.

More from Popular Mechanics:<|endoftext|>Vaman Deb Akbarabadi is from India. Vaman was born in Krishnanagar , Nadia. Vaman is an alumni of La Trobe University. Vaman was born on December 9, 1987. Vaman receives email at vaman@gmail.com. Vaman is a screenwriter. Vaman has the unique identifier f071510779b5458f820dd4c24e51c4f1.<|endoftext|>easy time coordination

"An easy tool to help you coordinate a time to meet with friends."

- Albert Einstein*

Choose a title Choose times Done

*A reviewer who happened to have the same name as the famous physicist.

Learn more

Need to agree on a date and time for a meeting or other event?

Create a poll and ask your contacts to indicate their availability.

No sign up
No e-mail required

Questions or feedback:<|endoftext|>

all 20 comments

[–]AzualLurking somewhere 5 points6 points  (0 children)

You don't have persistent characters in dota - you 'roll' a new character at the start of every match. Think of a character as your chosen tool for a given match, rather than something you develop as you might in an RPG.

You only have one account, which is your steam id. The name used in game will be your steam display name.

You can create multiple steam accounts (known as 'smurfing'), although there's not much reason to do so as a new player. Some people do it later on because they want to be able to play with friends or in less serious matches without affecting the match history of their main account.

[–]pepe_le_shoe 5 points6 points  (0 children)

There like, 100+ characters, you choose them at the start of games.

Just try the game and play it for a couple of hours and you'll understand. (Think of it like the different classes in TF2, except obviously there's way more)

[–]znag 5 points6 points  (2 children)

I think you got the wrong game. Dota is not an RPG.

[–]IEngineerShtuff 1 point2 points  (1 child)

I thought action RPG was the second most common descriptor of the genre behind moba?

[–]Amidoingitriteguise 5 points6 points  (0 children)

The name is Action RTS, which stands for Real-Time Strategy game, which is like Starcraft or Command and Conquer.

[–]FieryXJoeRelearning Everything 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Can you elaborate more, I don't actually understand what exactly your question is. If you are asking about the in-game heroes, each game is approximately 45 minutes and you select one of the 100+ finely balanced characters and restart from scratch. If that didn't explain it can you please try to explain your question to me and I should be able to help.

[–]fallenelf 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Dota isn't an RPG...

[–]Onion4u>7000 dota games played 0 points1 point  (0 children)

You have 1 account, that is your SteamID, plus a rating attached to it for matchmaking. You can change your name by clicking on it in the game.

[–]supplementwithrage 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I strongly suspect that this gentleman is of a

 container 3x2 with drainage, using corn gluten as my fertilizer. I am not worried about the spread of seeds if they will do battle with the goatweed and other weeds in my flower garden. Does this scenerio seem plausible? Thank you.

The container sounds

The container sounds fine--place it in full sun, and keep up with the watering (chives like good drainage, but don't like to be dry for long periods). If you live in a cold climate and want the chives to survive the winter, you'll need to bring the container inside in fall--place in an unheated area, such as a garage. Check the instructions on your brand of corn gluten--this acts also as a pre-emergent herbicide, and it is recommended usually that you don't apply it until after your plant seeds have germinated. If you are using chive transplants, they won't be affected. Corn gluten meal on its own has only nitrogen (about 9-0-0); some products will also have other things, like kelp, added which adds a little phosphorus and potassium. It's recommended not to over-fertilize chives, or it will make the flavor less intense.

Are the hard stalks, the ones

Are the hard stalks, the ones with the flower bulbs, edible? If they are, how are they used? Perhaps the way onions are?

All parts of chives are

All parts of chives are edible. The little bulb underground is used as a mild onion, and can be added to soups, omelets, etc. The leaves are tossed in soups and salads, or sprinkled on potatoes or cottage cheese/cracker appetizers. The flower is also separated into petals and scattered over salads. The flower stalk is edible, but not very tasty once the flower blooms--but you can still cut it up for salads if you'd like.

What are some companions to

What are some companions to chives?

In terms of companion

In terms of companion planting, chives are generally fine with most plants. Plant next to carrots and/or roses to repel aphids, mites, and nematodes.

I like our chives in salad

I like our chives in salad stir fry potatoes baked after they are done they give a taste that blends with the olive oil garlic salt pepper.

When we moved to our home a

When we moved to our home a few years ago there were a few chive plants near a wall in the backyard. Now they have taken over the backyard and I don't know how to stop them. What can I use, it is making the yard look awful as they are so much higher than the grass. They don't seem to cut well with a lawn mower. Help!!!

Thank you for any help you can provide.

Donna Wolcott

What you probably have is

What you probably have is wild onion or wild garlic in your yard. Do not use herbicides on these invaders. However you feel about herbicides, it won't work on bulbs.
For better or worse, you need to pull them and they'll pull fairly easily. Pull after a rain so it's easy to get the entire bulb out. You could use a spade, too.

Also, build a healthy lawn. Try corn gluten meal weed and feed in the spring. Give them compost in the fall. Do not use chemical fertilizer.

I love them on baked potatos right out of my back yard.

You have baked potatoes in

You have baked potatoes in your back yard?

Botanical Name:

Allium schoenoprasum

Plant Type:

Sun Exposure:

Soil Type:

Hardiness Zone:

Free Almanac Newsletters
<|endoftext|>Watch the USNS Big Horn Refuel Two Ships at Once

A double underway replenishment is no simple task.

Most Popular

The USNS Big Horn Henry J. Kaiser-class fleet replenishment oiler with room to tote some 180,000 barrels or jet fuel or oil. But she doesn't just carry it around for fun; the idea is to use this fuel to help resupply ships that are already underway, and this recent video from the U.S. Navy shows just how that process works, and with two ships at once, no less.

It's straightforward, but sort of surreal to watch what with all the firing of hauling lines, and pulling in of cables so small you can barely even see them.

Advertisement - Continue Reading Below

Most Popular

What you see here is an "alongside connected replenishment" (CONREP), specifically the process of getting the hose from the tanker ship to the receivers by firing a messenger line that serves as the bridge that other hoses or lines will use to travel across the gap between ships.

What you don't see is the monumental difficulty of just keeping the ships in formation. Not only is it difficult to keep such a huge vehicle headed in a very, very precise direction on a moving sea, but having one or more ships very close to yours while you are trying to do it makes the feat even tougher.

As detailed in this wildly in-depth explanation from the Federation of American Scientists

Replenishment at sea demands the very best of helmsmanship from both the guide and approach ships.As the two ships close each other, the hydrodynamic forces will both change and increase noticeably. At a replenishment speed of 12 knots, a one degree course variation will move the ship 20 feet sideways per minute.Replenishment at sea involves an extended period of time where two ships are in close proximity while at relatively high speeds. Any problem at all, either external to the ships or internal to one or more of the ships, can require an immediate and timely disengagement. The Captain of either ship can initiate an emergency breakaway procedures if there is a maneuvering problem or an unsafe situation is developing.

It doesn't always go off without a hitch. In 2012, four sailors on the USS Harry S. Truman were injured when the line from a replenishment vessel parted during the refueling process.

Just something to think about the next time you're loath to swing by the gas station.

More from Popular Mechanics:<|endoftext|>easy time coordination

"An easy tool to help you coordinate a time to meet with friends."

- Albert Einstein*

Choose a title Choose times Done

*A reviewer who happened to have the same name as the famous physicist.

Learn more

Need to agree on a date and time for a meeting or other event?

Create a poll and ask your contacts to indicate their availability.

No sign up
No e-mail required

Questions or feedback:<|endoftext|>

all 20 comments

[–]AzualLurking somewhere 5 points6 points  (0 children)

You don't have persistent characters in dota - you 'roll' a new character at the start of every match. Think of a character as your chosen tool for a given match, rather than something you develop as you might in an RPG.

You only have one account, which is your steam id. The name used in game will be your steam display name.

You can create multiple steam accounts (known as 'smurfing'), although there's not much reason to do so as a new player. Some people do it later on because they want to be able to play with friends or in less serious matches without affecting the match history of their main account.

[–]pepe_le_shoe 5 points6 points  (0 children)

There like, 100+ characters, you choose them at the start of games.

Just try the game and play it for a couple of hours and you'll understand. (Think of it like the different classes in TF2, except obviously there's way more)

[–]znag 5 points6 points  (2 children)

I think you got the wrong game. Dota is not an RPG.

[–]IEngineerShtuff 1 point2 points  (1 child)

I thought action RPG was the second most common descriptor of the genre behind moba?

[–]Amidoingitriteguise 5 points6 points  (0 children)

The name is Action RTS, which stands for Real-Time Strategy game, which is like Starcraft or Command and Conquer.

[–]FieryXJoeRelearning Everything 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Can you elaborate more, I don't actually understand what exactly your question is. If you are asking about the in-game heroes, each game is approximately 45 minutes and you select one of the 100+ finely balanced characters and restart from scratch. If that didn't explain it can you please try to explain your question to me and I should be able to help.

[–]fallenelf 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Dota isn't an RPG...

[–]Onion4u>7000 dota games played 0 points1 point  (0 children)

You have 1 account, that is your SteamID, plus a rating attached to it for matchmaking. You can change your name by clicking on it in the game.

[–]supplementwithrage 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I strongly suspect that this gentleman is of a non


Erik Ares is from the United States. Erik was born in Southlake , Texas. Erik is an alumni of Harvard University. Erik was born on October 12, 1993. Erik receives email at ea93@gmail.com. Erik is an australian rules football player. Erik has the unique identifier 1abbd6cf23aa4db685ee63cbf36c84d0.<|endoftext|> determine the space you’ll need.You may also have to coordinate meals. Are there retreat centers nearby? Or perhaps a hotel or community center might work? What materials will you need to purchase or prepare? What decorations will you need to create the right ambiance?
  5. Your team. Recently I led a one day retreat at a local hotel. I did not have an official “team” but a good friend attended and volunteered to be my helper. I cannot tell you what a treasure it was to have her there. When we were having “tech” issues, she became my point person and worked with the hotel coordinator to resolve the issues so I was free to carry on with the material.I highly recommend you put together a team to help with your event. It may consist of several people or just you, a friend and a contact at the venue.  Having additional support will be crucial as you determine who the designated “point person” will be during the event. Who should attendees contact with questions or concerns?I would suggest you also put together a small group of trusted friends who pray for you and the participants. They play a huge part of your team.
  6. Your budget. Once you decide on location, schedule, meals, materials, etc., decide on your budget so you know how much you need to charge attendees.Make sure to list ALL possible expenses. Recently I neglected to add in the cost of making copies for an event, and it ended up adding several hundred dollars in unexpected costs. Consider the TIME you prepare for and actually lead the event as well.
  7. Getting the word out. How will you tell others about the event? Will you have a sign-up on your web site or will you send a personal email invitation to specific people?What will be the most effective way to share your vision for this event with others?
  8. Setting up the actual event. How will the room be configured? When will you have access to set-up? Where will attendees check in? What materials will you be able to bring in ahead of time?Work your way backward from the start of the event to think about all of the little things that need to happen before it begins and how much time to plan for setting up.
  9. The follow-up. OK, so your event went great. Everyone loved it and you feel really positive about the whole experience. Now what?How will you follow-up with participants? Is there an assignment you want them to complete after the event? Will you provide a survey or a follow up email or call?

Retreats can be a huge blessing for the facilitator and participants. Trust that if the Lord calls you to share a message through this type of event, He will provide all that you need.

leading a retreatZohary Ross is an author, speaker and life coach. She is also a certified Daring Way ™ facilitator and loves leading retreats and workshops based on the work of Dr. Brene’ Brown and exploring how it aligns with scripture.  Connect with her at zoharyross.com.

leading a retreat<|endoftext|>Clear search
Close search
Google apps
Main menu

Passwords and codes used with 2-Step Verification

There are several fundamental differences between traditional passwords -- such as those you use to sign in to your Google Account -- and the verification codes and App Passwords that you use as part of 2-Step Verification.

Traditional password
  • Created when you first sign up for a Google Account or change your password
  • Generally a combination of letters, digits and characters that you choose
  • You need to remember it
  • If you forget your traditional password, you can always reset it using your recovery options, such as your backup email address or phone number
Verification codes
  • Delivered to your phone or generated by the Google Authenticator App.
  • Six to eight digits (Example: 012345)
  • You don't have to remember it, because you can get a new verification code each time you need one.
  • You’ll need it every time you sign in unless you've marked a computer as "trusted"
  • Generate backup codes ahead of time and print them out, so you can use them as a backup if you don't have access to your phone
  • If you own an Android device, you can also generate codes through Google Settings, even if your device is offline.
App passwords

  • You generate it on the App passwords page
  • Sixteen letters (Example: ohgh uylv xkwd zgbz)
  • You don’t have to remember it, because you can generate a new one anytime
  • You’ll need it when you want to authorize a device, a mobile app (such as a Gmail app on your iPhone), or a desktop app (such as AdWords Editor) to connect to your Google Account
  • If you lose a phone or stop using an app that was authorized with an App password, revoke the App password for that app.

Related articles

Was this article helpful?
Watch video tutorials
<|endoftext|>Skip to Content
MIT Technology Review

Physicists Discover World’s First Naturally Occurring Topological Insulator

The were first predicted in 2005 and first synthesized in the lab in 2008. Now physicists have discovered a naturally occurring topological insulator that can be mined from the earth’s crust.

Topological insulators are one of the more exciting new materials in science. This stuff is odd because is a conductor on the surface but an insulator inside, rather like a block of ice in which melting water flows around the outside but is trapped as a solid in the middle.

But topological insulators have another property. The electrons flowing over the surface of a topological insulator are all aligned in a specific way. In fact, their “spins” are locked at right angles to their direction of motion.

This spin-momentum locking means that the electrons are immune from the buffeting they would get inside an ordinary conductor. Instead, the electrons can move through perfect topological insulators with 100 percent efficiency, even at room temperature.

That unique behaviour has excited physicists and electronics engineers alike. It means that topological insulators could form the basis of an entirely new generation of electronic devices that encode information using both the spin and the charge of an electron.

But there’s a problem. Topological insulators are few and far between. Physicists predicted their existence in solids in 2005 and synthesised the first example in 2008—a complex crystalline structure based on bismuth antimonide. But the difficulty in making other examples is a serious problem for the emerging technology of spintronics.

That looks set to change. Today, Pascal Gehring at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart and a few pals have found the first example of a naturally occurring topological insulator in a sample of quartz from a mine in the Czech Republic. The discovery raises the prospect that other naturally occurring materials may be topological insulators too.

The new material is a grey, metallic mineral called Kawazulite which is made of bismuth, tellurium, selenium, and sulphur. The name comes from the Kawazu mine in Japan, where it was first discovered.

Given kawazulite’s crystal structure, materials scientists have suspected that it might act as a topological insulator. Indeed, they have synthesized the stuff in the lab and measured its properties to find out.

In every case, however, the predicted topological insulation failed to materialise because of defects in the synthesized material’s structure.

Now Gehring and co have created single crystalline sheets of the mineral by cleaving them from a naturally occurring crystal. When they measured the properties of this sheet, it turned out to be a conductor on the surface and an insulator inside, just as predicted.

The team speculate that naturally occurring kawazulite has fewer defects than its synthetic cousin because it is so old: any defects have dropped out of the structure during the millions of years since it formed.

The question now is whether it is possible to make enough single-crystal sheets from naturally occurring kawazulite to enable this stuff to be put through its paces by physicists working on the next generation of spintronic devices.

If they can perfect these devices, the electronics industry could one day come to rely on naturally occurring topological insulators from quartz mines in Japan and beyond.

Ref: : A Natural Topological Insulator<|endoftext|>The celebration of every seventh year, and especially every fiftieth year, which was after 7 × 7. Jewish slaves were to be released and mortgaged land returned (Lev. 25: 8–13, cf. Luke 4: 18–19). This was more of an ideal than actual practice, though it may have at least discouraged the slave business. The word ‘jubilee’ is from the Hebrew for a ‘trumpet’ which was blown to inaugurate the year of jubilee.<|endoftext|>Learn Arabic App - Phase 1

This application targets to teach users how to pronounce Arabian letters and reading it properly even without understanding the word meaning. By doing many practices and tests.

In this phase the developer need to complete the following:

 determine the space you’ll need.You may also have to coordinate meals. Are there retreat centers nearby? Or perhaps a hotel or community center might work? What materials will you need to purchase or prepare? What decorations will you need to create the right ambiance?
  5. Your team. Recently I led a one day retreat at a local hotel. I did not have an official “team” but a good friend attended and volunteered to be my helper. I cannot tell you what a treasure it was to have her there. When we were having “tech” issues, she became my point person and worked with the hotel coordinator to resolve the issues so I was free to carry on with the material.I highly recommend you put together a team to help with your event. It may consist of several people or just you, a friend and a contact at the venue.  Having additional support will be crucial as you determine who the designated “point person” will be during the event. Who should attendees contact with questions or concerns?I would suggest you also put together a small group of trusted friends who pray for you and the participants. They play a huge part of your team.
  6. Your budget. Once you decide on location, schedule, meals, materials, etc., decide on your budget so you know how much you need to charge attendees.Make sure to list ALL possible expenses. Recently I neglected to add in the cost of making copies for an event, and it ended up adding several hundred dollars in unexpected costs. Consider the TIME you prepare for and actually lead the event as well.
  7. Getting the word out. How will you tell others about the event? Will you have a sign-up on your web site or will you send a personal email invitation to specific people?What will be the most effective way to share your vision for this event with others?
  8. Setting up the actual event. How will the room be configured? When will you have access to set-up? Where will attendees check in? What materials will you be able to bring in ahead of time?Work your way backward from the start of the event to think about all of the little things that need to happen before it begins and how much time to plan for setting up.
  9. The follow-up. OK, so your event went great. Everyone loved it and you feel really positive about the whole experience. Now what?How will you follow-up with participants? Is there an assignment you want them to complete after the event? Will you provide a survey or a follow up email or call?

Retreats can be a huge blessing for the facilitator and participants. Trust that if the Lord calls you to share a message through this type of event, He will provide all that you need.

leading a retreatZohary Ross is an author, speaker and life coach. She is also a certified Daring Way ™ facilitator and loves leading retreats and workshops based on the work of Dr. Brene’ Brown and exploring how it aligns with scripture.  Connect with her at zoharyross.com.

leading a retreat<|endoftext|>Clear search
Close search
Google apps
Main menu

Passwords and codes used with 2-Step Verification

There are several fundamental differences between traditional passwords -- such as those you use to sign in to your Google Account -- and the verification codes and App Passwords that you use as part of 2-Step Verification.

Traditional password
  • Created when you first sign up for a Google Account or change your password
  • Generally a combination of letters, digits and characters that you choose
  • You need to remember it
  • If you forget your traditional password, you can always reset it using your recovery options, such as your backup email address or phone number
Verification codes
  • Delivered to your phone or generated by the Google Authenticator App.
  • Six to eight digits (Example: 012345)
  • You don't have to remember it, because you can get a new verification code each time you need one.
  • You’ll need it every time you sign in unless you've marked a computer as "trusted"
  • Generate backup codes ahead of time and print them out, so you can use them as a backup if you don't have access to your phone
  • If you own an Android device, you can also generate codes through Google Settings, even if your device is offline.
App passwords

  • You generate it on the App passwords page
  • Sixteen letters (Example: ohgh uylv xkwd zgbz)
  • You don’t have to remember it, because you can generate a new one anytime
  • You’ll need it when you want to authorize a device, a mobile app (such as a Gmail app on your iPhone), or a desktop app (such as AdWords Editor) to connect to your Google Account
  • If you lose a phone or stop using an app that was authorized with an App password, revoke the App password for that app.

Related articles

Was this article helpful?
Watch video tutorials
<|endoftext|>Skip to Content
MIT Technology Review

Physicists Discover World’s First Naturally Occurring Topological Insulator

The were first predicted in 2005 and first synthesized in the lab in 2008. Now physicists have discovered a naturally occurring topological insulator that can be mined from the earth’s crust.

Topological insulators are one of the more exciting new materials in science. This stuff is odd because is a conductor on the surface but an insulator inside, rather like a block of ice in which melting water flows around the outside but is trapped as a solid in the middle.

But topological insulators have another property. The electrons flowing over the surface of a topological insulator are all aligned in a specific way. In fact, their “spins” are locked at right angles to their direction of motion.

This spin-momentum locking means that the electrons are immune from the buffeting they would get inside an ordinary conductor. Instead, the electrons can move through perfect topological insulators with 100 percent efficiency, even at room temperature.

That unique behaviour has excited physicists and electronics engineers alike. It means that topological insulators could form the basis of an entirely new generation of electronic devices that encode information using both the spin and the charge of an electron.

But there’s a problem. Topological insulators are few and far between. Physicists predicted their existence in solids in 2005 and synthesised the first example in 2008—a complex crystalline structure based on bismuth antimonide. But the difficulty in making other examples is a serious problem for the emerging technology of spintronics.

That looks set to change. Today, Pascal Gehring at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart and a few pals have found the first example of a naturally occurring topological insulator in a sample of quartz from a mine in the Czech Republic. The discovery raises the prospect that other naturally occurring materials may be topological insulators too.

The new material is a grey, metallic mineral called Kawazulite which is made of bismuth, tellurium, selenium, and sulphur. The name comes from the Kawazu mine in Japan, where it was first discovered.

Given kawazulite’s crystal structure, materials scientists have suspected that it might act as a topological insulator. Indeed, they have synthesized the stuff in the lab and measured its properties to find out.

In every case, however, the predicted topological insulation failed to materialise because of defects in the synthesized material’s structure.

Now Gehring and co have created single crystalline sheets of the mineral by cleaving them from a naturally occurring crystal. When they measured the properties of this sheet, it turned out to be a conductor on the surface and an insulator inside, just as predicted.

The team speculate that naturally occurring kawazulite has fewer defects than its synthetic cousin because it is so old: any defects have dropped out of the structure during the millions of years since it formed.

The question now is whether it is possible to make enough single-crystal sheets from naturally occurring kawazulite to enable this stuff to be put through its paces by physicists working on the next generation of spintronic devices.

If they can perfect these devices, the electronics industry could one day come to rely on naturally occurring topological insulators from quartz mines in Japan and beyond.

Ref: : A Natural Topological Insulator<|endoftext|>The celebration of every seventh year, and especially every fiftieth year, which was after 7 × 7. Jewish slaves were to be released and mortgaged land returned (Lev. 25: 8–13, cf. Luke 4: 18–19). This was more of an ideal than actual practice, though it may have at least discouraged the slave business. The word ‘jubilee’ is from the Hebrew for a ‘trumpet’ which was blown to inaugurate the year of jubilee.<|endoftext|>Learn Arabic App - Phase 1

This application targets to teach users how to pronounce Arabian letters and reading it properly even without understanding the word meaning. By doing many practices and tests.

In this phase the developer need to complete the following:

1. In app purchase process + Restore purchases.

2. We have 6 units represented as cards in the application: 1st & 2nd are free for users, and the 3rd will cost the user $3 for now.

3. Rest of units will be added in Phase 2. But for now let's only work on first three unites/cards.

4. Sense


Rafael Gevorgyan is from Armenia. Rafael was born in Aleppo. Rafael is an alumni of Belarusian State University of Physical Culture. Rafael was born on October 12, 1977. Rafael receives email at gevorgyanrafael@gmail.com. Rafael is a politician. Rafael has the unique identifier 2d49a298c20a401180d9500d941078e7.<|endoftext|>. Strong member of the teacher’s union. Some of my earliest memories are walking the picket line with her in the 1980s.

CHRIS HAYES: There are a lot of teachers. CTU is a militant union.

DORIAN WARREN: Yes and always has been.

CHRIS HAYES: Always has been and there were a lot of strikes.

DORIAN WARREN: Exactly, exactly. Two strikes in the 1980s under the first black progressive mayor, Harold Washington.

DORIAN WARREN: Yeah, I mean, you know, it’s complicated ’cause he wasn’t in charge of the school district but it was still Board of Education, who he appointed I think. It was like, we’re still gonna go on strike and so … and he was encouraging and supportive of it.

So anyway long story short, went to undergrad in Illinois, at University of Illinois and then found myself in grad school at Yale. Yeah, weird story.

CHRIS HAYES: Did someone kidnap you in the dark of night and take you to Yale, is that how you found yourself there?

DORIAN WARREN: You know, I had an undergraduate mentor who knew I was kind of an activist and I was headed into law school and she was like, “You should think about Ph.D. programs.” Just to get the letter of recommendation from her for law school, I said I’d apply to Ph.D. programs and then when all was said and done, Ph.D. was free and law school was a lot of money.

CHRIS HAYES: Yeah, dude.

DORIAN WARREN: And then, so I went to New Haven and I loved New Haven, I didn’t like Yale, but I ended up moving back home after three years and organizing with the Hotel Workers Union for two years.

CHRIS HAYES: Wait, how’d that happen?

DORIAN WARREN: Because I was burned out from school and the graduate T.A. Union effort at Yale, at the time, I became an organizer for that. It was run by the same union. So the Hotel Workers’ Union represents all the Yale workers, the dining hall workers, the clerical workers, and then they were organizing graduate students, so I got to know the union that way and then I was like, “fuck this,” I want to move back home, take a break from school. So I organized for two years and then decided to finish my Ph.D. and then launched, you know, my academic career.

CHRIS HAYES: So you already had the … I mean you were … Like you said your mom was a union member-

CHRIS HAYES: You were a son of black south side of Chicago, right?

DORIAN WARREN: Exactly, exactly.

CHRIS HAYES: You kinda had that world view politics, but-

CHRIS HAYES: What changed in you when you became part of a union drive? ‘Cause I feel like there’s a really interesting thing that happens to people’s psyches. Even people with liberal politics, because of the ways in which a union drive is a kind of psychological experience?

DORIAN WARREN: Yeah, yeah, you know, I’ll tell you this. My first campaign, my first political campaign ever was Jessie Jackson, Jr’s special election in 1995 and I was really enamored with him. He was like … and you covered him back in the day. He was a really diehard progressive in Congress. But I remember seeing the limitations of elected office. And so, when I joined the union, and I just knew collective action, solidarity, union organizing strikes was something different, and I think for me when I joined and then when I became an organizer, it was really a different form of power at the end of the day.

So let me fast forward. Like when I was working with the hotel workers to imagine 60 rank and file workers, mostly housekeepers, mostly women of color, at a negotiating table, with 30 hotel employers. Like that to me was a different kind of power. You know they were sitting there with the union staff, but they were really the leaders, leading that negotiation, which is just a different way of democracy and sharing power in this country, then say representative democracy, right, in terms of how we think of elected officials.

So I think there was something I always understood. Broadly speaking around the power of collective action that’s different than supporting an individual candidate whose policies I might support, but then I feel disempowered for two years until election day.

CHRIS HAYES: But here’s the thing though that I find. I’ve never been part of a union campaign, but I’ve covered them and I’ve been around organizers. One of the things that I think is hard and I think it’s actually kind of almost a psychological personality disposition that is, forms part of the wedge between liberal and leftist, is you gotta get real comfortable with comfort and disruption and polarization. In fact, the point of an organizer, the reason the labor song is “Which Side are You On,” is to polarize a workplace.

When liberals … well that’s divisive, it’s like, dude that’s my job.

CHRIS HAYES: My job is to be divisive. It’s to get people on one side or the other of stuff. You know I guess I just have a kinda lame conflict averse personality or just, I don’t know, do we have to fight about this? But you got to get real used to that, like particularly if you’re an organizer.

CHRIS HAYES: Like how easy was it for you to internalize that?

DORIAN WARREN: It was rough for me.

CHRIS HAYES: It was, that’s not natural for you?

DORIAN WARREN: Now it’s not natural for me. No, but the think about labor organizing … Well, all right, two things here. One is any kind of … whether it’s community organizing or labor organizing, you have to take people’s identities as they are and then reconstruct a collective identity. So there’s a lot of invisible labor, lots of conversations, lots of getting people to do things together they normally wouldn’t do to try to construct a different collective identity than how they show up at work or in school or in the neighborhood, right?

So that’s like the more exciting part to me. It’s really the social construction of race and identity on some level, right? Because you have to reshape someone’s identity.

CHRIS HAYES: In real time?

DORIAN WARREN: In real time.

CHRIS HAYES: That’s what you’re doing.

DORIAN WARREN: And then get them to do things, to take action. And in the case of a strike, to get them to take the riskiest action, right? And in a non-union workplace where they can get fired and lose their livelihoods. That’s the more exciting part. The harder part is the conflict. The harder part is actually going on strike and beating up the employer and the boss. But here’s the thing about labor organizing that’s different from other organizing the left. At the end of the day you have to get peace. You have to sit down and negotiate and then go back to work the next day.

DORIAN WARREN: That’s different. That’s a different kind of conflict ’cause you still have to work together 365 days of the year when the thing is over, as opposed to I think a lot of us, we can … It’s easy for me to run a campaign now and beat up on somebody, I never have to talk to them or negotiate with them.

CHRIS HAYES: But that’s also why it’s so discomfiting.

CHRIS HAYES: That’s why workplace politics and the militancy of labor is so discomfiting, because you know like, in a campaign you’re just gonna beat the crap out of the boss.

CHRIS HAYES: Who is the boss but also a human being.

CHRIS HAYES: And maybe you even like the person or you like the person that is the deputy of that person, you joke … You know, it’s the intimacy and proximity of that that is so electric, but hard.

DORIAN WARREN: Yeah, but it’s just like … think of it this way, I have fights with my partner, I have fights with my family.

DORIAN WARREN: And we go on, but it’s ’cause we’ve learned the tools to fight to not take it personally in the same way and that takes

. Strong member of the teacher’s union. Some of my earliest memories are walking the picket line with her in the 1980s.

CHRIS HAYES: There are a lot of teachers. CTU is a militant union.

DORIAN WARREN: Yes and always has been.

CHRIS HAYES: Always has been and there were a lot of strikes.

DORIAN WARREN: Exactly, exactly. Two strikes in the 1980s under the first black progressive mayor, Harold Washington.

DORIAN WARREN: Yeah, I mean, you know, it’s complicated ’cause he wasn’t in charge of the school district but it was still Board of Education, who he appointed I think. It was like, we’re still gonna go on strike and so … and he was encouraging and supportive of it.

So anyway long story short, went to undergrad in Illinois, at University of Illinois and then found myself in grad school at Yale. Yeah, weird story.

CHRIS HAYES: Did someone kidnap you in the dark of night and take you to Yale, is that how you found yourself there?

DORIAN WARREN: You know, I had an undergraduate mentor who knew I was kind of an activist and I was headed into law school and she was like, “You should think about Ph.D. programs.” Just to get the letter of recommendation from her for law school, I said I’d apply to Ph.D. programs and then when all was said and done, Ph.D. was free and law school was a lot of money.

CHRIS HAYES: Yeah, dude.

DORIAN WARREN: And then, so I went to New Haven and I loved New Haven, I didn’t like Yale, but I ended up moving back home after three years and organizing with the Hotel Workers Union for two years.

CHRIS HAYES: Wait, how’d that happen?

DORIAN WARREN: Because I was burned out from school and the graduate T.A. Union effort at Yale, at the time, I became an organizer for that. It was run by the same union. So the Hotel Workers’ Union represents all the Yale workers, the dining hall workers, the clerical workers, and then they were organizing graduate students, so I got to know the union that way and then I was like, “fuck this,” I want to move back home, take a break from school. So I organized for two years and then decided to finish my Ph.D. and then launched, you know, my academic career.

CHRIS HAYES: So you already had the … I mean you were … Like you said your mom was a union member-

CHRIS HAYES: You were a son of black south side of Chicago, right?

DORIAN WARREN: Exactly, exactly.

CHRIS HAYES: You kinda had that world view politics, but-

CHRIS HAYES: What changed in you when you became part of a union drive? ‘Cause I feel like there’s a really interesting thing that happens to people’s psyches. Even people with liberal politics, because of the ways in which a union drive is a kind of psychological experience?

DORIAN WARREN: Yeah, yeah, you know, I’ll tell you this. My first campaign, my first political campaign ever was Jessie Jackson, Jr’s special election in 1995 and I was really enamored with him. He was like … and you covered him back in the day. He was a really diehard progressive in Congress. But I remember seeing the limitations of elected office. And so, when I joined the union, and I just knew collective action, solidarity, union organizing strikes was something different, and I think for me when I joined and then when I became an organizer, it was really a different form of power at the end of the day.

So let me fast forward. Like when I was working with the hotel workers to imagine 60 rank and file workers, mostly housekeepers, mostly women of color, at a negotiating table, with 30 hotel employers. Like that to me was a different kind of power. You know they were sitting there with the union staff, but they were really the leaders, leading that negotiation, which is just a different way of democracy and sharing power in this country, then say representative democracy, right, in terms of how we think of elected officials.

So I think there was something I always understood. Broadly speaking around the power of collective action that’s different than supporting an individual candidate whose policies I might support, but then I feel disempowered for two years until election day.

CHRIS HAYES: But here’s the thing though that I find. I’ve never been part of a union campaign, but I’ve covered them and I’ve been around organizers. One of the things that I think is hard and I think it’s actually kind of almost a psychological personality disposition that is, forms part of the wedge between liberal and leftist, is you gotta get real comfortable with comfort and disruption and polarization. In fact, the point of an organizer, the reason the labor song is “Which Side are You On,” is to polarize a workplace.

When liberals … well that’s divisive, it’s like, dude that’s my job.

CHRIS HAYES: My job is to be divisive. It’s to get people on one side or the other of stuff. You know I guess I just have a kinda lame conflict averse personality or just, I don’t know, do we have to fight about this? But you got to get real used to that, like particularly if you’re an organizer.

CHRIS HAYES: Like how easy was it for you to internalize that?

DORIAN WARREN: It was rough for me.

CHRIS HAYES: It was, that’s not natural for you?

DORIAN WARREN: Now it’s not natural for me. No, but the think about labor organizing … Well, all right, two things here. One is any kind of … whether it’s community organizing or labor organizing, you have to take people’s identities as they are and then reconstruct a collective identity. So there’s a lot of invisible labor, lots of conversations, lots of getting people to do things together they normally wouldn’t do to try to construct a different collective identity than how they show up at work or in school or in the neighborhood, right?

So that’s like the more exciting part to me. It’s really the social construction of race and identity on some level, right? Because you have to reshape someone’s identity.

CHRIS HAYES: In real time?

DORIAN WARREN: In real time.

CHRIS HAYES: That’s what you’re doing.

DORIAN WARREN: And then get them to do things, to take action. And in the case of a strike, to get them to take the riskiest action, right? And in a non-union workplace where they can get fired and lose their livelihoods. That’s the more exciting part. The harder part is the conflict. The harder part is actually going on strike and beating up the employer and the boss. But here’s the thing about labor organizing that’s different from other organizing the left. At the end of the day you have to get peace. You have to sit down and negotiate and then go back to work the next day.

DORIAN WARREN: That’s different. That’s a different kind of conflict ’cause you still have to work together 365 days of the year when the thing is over, as opposed to I think a lot of us, we can … It’s easy for me to run a campaign now and beat up on somebody, I never have to talk to them or negotiate with them.

CHRIS HAYES: But that’s also why it’s so discomfiting.

CHRIS HAYES: That’s why workplace politics and the militancy of labor is so discomfiting, because you know like, in a campaign you’re just gonna beat the crap out of the boss.

CHRIS HAYES: Who is the boss but also a human being.

CHRIS HAYES: And maybe you even like the person or you like the person that is the deputy of that person, you joke … You know, it’s the intimacy and proximity of that that is so electric, but hard.

DORIAN WARREN: Yeah, but it’s just like … think of it this way, I have fights with my partner, I have fights with my family.

DORIAN WARREN: And we go on, but it’s ’cause we’ve learned the tools to fight to not take it personally in the same way and that takes work, right? I wasn’t born knowing how to fight with my partner, in a constructive way, right? We learn that, those are growing pains. You might think of a union as a tool to have that fight when there’s inherently unjust power relations at play.

CHRIS HAYES: That’s a great way of thinking about it, because also that think you’re saying about the partnership


Google translates "ПередаЙТе ЭТО!!" as "transfer this!!" --I had a user account once... 19:13, 21 May 2009 (UTC)

There is also the Russian used in 8-Bit Is Enough.... hmm. wbwolf (t | ed) 19:54, 21 May 2009 (UTC)
We already have a page on Russia. Ugozima Talk to me 03:32, 22 May 2009 (UTC)
Yeah, it was made yesterday as a result of this discussion. — Defender1031*Talk 05:27, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

upwards shot

Does anyone feel that in the shot looking up at Strong Bad from below, that a different character style was used to make Strong Bad look more menacing? It feels that way. OpenSourceGreg 14:21, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

New face

Hey, I think Homestar got a new face. User: MICGAGUH

Goof in toons page

Under New Stuff, it says "HSR and Strong Sad run outta time." However, under shorts, it says "Homestar and Strong Sad run outta time." Does this go under remarks or goofs? TheFunmachine 11:35, 29 May 2009 (UTC)

Well, that's not really a goof. And it doesn't seem remarkable either. So... I would guess it doesn't go anywhere.  Green Helmet 13:11, 29 May 2009 (UTC)
It should at least go go in trivia, then. It doesn't seem to be intentional. TheFunmachine 14:44, 30 May 2009 (UTC)

Wii Version

I was watching toons on the wii from the website when this one came up. I was watching it and there's some MAJOR goofs. The word 'Loading...' is missing, Strong Sad has no legs, There's no chair so Strong bad is floating. When it shows a front view of Strong Bad as hes telling them his new nickname is "the ledge" his left arm is missing. and the word 'end.' at the end of the toon is missing. Should this be added to goofs?

No, this is simply a goof for the version of flash the Wii is running at or the Opera browser. It doesn't belong on the page. MichaelXX2 mail_icon.gif link_icon.gif 19:19, 29 June 2009 (UTC)
Personal tools<|endoftext|>Entrepreneur Wants $50K to Build Self-Sufficient Floating Island

Living on land is so 2010--aren't you ready to move onto a futuristic floating utopian island that "follows the summer" around the world? Thirty-year-old English entrepreneur Ben Way feels your pain--and he has an answer, so long as he can raise $50,000 on Kickstarter to get started. The answer is...Arc Island, a floating island community the size of Manhattan.

The island as Way visualizes it would also have all of the necessary technology to sustain life, including renewable energy, desalination, and waste disposal.

Way imagines a utopian society in which there's no physical currency, a micro democracy, a virtual government, complete energy independence, and a flat tax rate. I'm doing my taxes right now, and I could go for a flat tax rate…but that's beside the point.<|endoftext|>Ranger Name Generator

Welcome to the Ranger Name Generator! Use this idea generator to generate thousands of possibilities for ranger names. Have fun!

Male Female

Grab your ranger names

  • Loading...
  • <% result.name %>

What is a ranger?

A ranger is an individual who has been specially trained to protect natural resources and outdoor areas. They may work for a government agency, park service, or conservation group. They are responsible for patrolling designated areas to ensure that the environment remains protected.

So many ideas, but can I use the ranger names for free?

Is there a limit to how much I can generate with this random Ranger Name Generator?

There's thousands of ranger names in this Ranger Name Generator, so you won't need to be worried that we'll run out anytime soon. Just have fun with it.

For even more ideas and some additional options, be sure to also check out the Ranger Name Generator over on The Story Shack.

Explore some ranger names<|endoftext|>Ann Morgan is from the United States. Ann was born in South Philadelphia. Ann is an alumni of University of Minnesota. Ann was born on July 19, 1970. Ann receives email at am@gmail.com. Ann is an athlete. Ann has the unique identifier ca2191eb18224a40b2187c153490ace2.<|endoftext|>Coal’s formation is a window on an ancient world

Coal has provided us with some stunning fossils. Bart Bernardes/Flickr, CC BY-NC-ND

Coal’s formation is a window on an ancient world

As the world moves to combat climate change, it’s increasingly doubtful that coal will continue to be a viable energy source, because of its high greenhouse gas emissions. But coal played a vital role in the Industrial Revolution and continues to fuel some of the world’s largest economies. This series looks at coal’s past, present and uncertain future, starting today with how it’s formed.

Love it or hate it, coal played a crucial role in launching us into the modern world by fuelling the Industrial Revolution. The byproducts of that role were, of course, the rise of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere and dangerous levels of air pollution in the big coal-fuelled cities.

But despite its insidious influence on the climate and our health, coal has a lesser-known positive side to its otherwise dark soul. It has provided us with some stunning fossils.

Geologists have known for centuries that coal is an accumulation of plant material that, once buried in the Earth’s sedimentary layers, gets compressed by gravity into a denser, compact form. Yet, in recent years, scientists have hotly debated the early phases of coal formation.

The discussion hinges on whether coal formed due to the absence of certain organisms that actively break down the woody tissues of dead trees, or whether other non-biological factors were the reason.

Contested origins

Coal starts its cycle of formation with the accumulation of plant material in swamps or bogs. Decaying plant matter that builds up at the bottom of bogs or swamps is called peat. After other sedimentary layers bury the peat deposit, the weight of these sediments builds up and compacts it.

Other chemical and physical processes also alter the peat, including pressures exerted by tectonic forces as continents move and crash into one another. These processes eventually turn the layers of compacted peat into rock we can mine.

Pure black coal, richer in organic carbon and tempered by heat and pressure, is called anthracite. Brown coal, or lignite, is mostly just compressed peat and has more sediment mixed in with plant matter.

Coal has formed as very large deposits at certain times in Earth’s prehistory. So much so that Reverend William Conybeare, the esteemed British geologist of the early 19th century, first named the Carboniferous or “carbon-bearing” period (359 million to 299 million years ago) after the distinctive coal deposits of Britain in his book of 1822.

These great coal swamps formed in what were the Earth’s first great forests. They were home to many varieties of giant amphibians and early reptiles and huge insects, as global oxygen levels were very high at this time.

Scientific treasures from coal: the Iguanodon dinosaur display in Brussels Museum of Natural Sciences. Brussels Museum of Natural Sciences website

For many years, scientists believed that coal formed in such large deposits at these times because certain fungi that helped break down the lignin, or woody tissues, had not yet evolved. The molecular clock estimates for the appearance of these fungi, called Agariomycetes, suggest they should appear in the Permian period (299 million to 252 million years ago), after the formation of the vast Carboniferous coal deposits.

A new theory

But this doesn’t account for the huge amounts of coal that formed in much later geological periods, such as the Cenozoic, over the past 65 million years. And a new study, led by Matthew Nelsen of Stanford University, takes issue with this model, as well as presenting a new hypothesis for coal formation.

The study authors argue that coal formed in the Carboniferous period consists dominantly of plants such as horsetails, or Lycophytes. These trees grew to enormous sizes and their periderm, or outer cuticles of the trunk, lack lignin, so wouldn’t be affected by the absence of lignin-degrading fungi. Their argument points to the biochemical composition of the plants having little to do with how coal accumulates.

The distribution of coal deposits through time is seen in the chart below of the estimated total volume of coal in North America. Large deposits of coal also accumulated during the age of dinosaurs (Mesozoic Era, from 252 million to 66 million years ago) and during the first half of the Cenozoic period (between 66 million and 30 million years ago), well after the predicted first appearance of lignin-degrading fungi.

Terrestrial coal accumulation

ism (red colors) or blood (that red water looks like blood to me.

Google translates "ПередаЙТе ЭТО!!" as "transfer this!!" --I had a user account once... 19:13, 21 May 2009 (UTC)

There is also the Russian used in 8-Bit Is Enough.... hmm. wbwolf (t | ed) 19:54, 21 May 2009 (UTC)
We already have a page on Russia. Ugozima Talk to me 03:32, 22 May 2009 (UTC)
Yeah, it was made yesterday as a result of this discussion. — Defender1031*Talk 05:27, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

upwards shot

Does anyone feel that in the shot looking up at Strong Bad from below, that a different character style was used to make Strong Bad look more menacing? It feels that way. OpenSourceGreg 14:21, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

New face

Hey, I think Homestar got a new face. User: MICGAGUH

Goof in toons page

Under New Stuff, it says "HSR and Strong Sad run outta time." However, under shorts, it says "Homestar and Strong Sad run outta time." Does this go under remarks or goofs? TheFunmachine 11:35, 29 May 2009 (UTC)

Well, that's not really a goof. And it doesn't seem remarkable either. So... I would guess it doesn't go anywhere.  Green Helmet 13:11, 29 May 2009 (UTC)
It should at least go go in trivia, then. It doesn't seem to be intentional. TheFunmachine 14:44, 30 May 2009 (UTC)

Wii Version

I was watching toons on the wii from the website when this one came up. I was watching it and there's some MAJOR goofs. The word 'Loading...' is missing, Strong Sad has no legs, There's no chair so Strong bad is floating. When it shows a front view of Strong Bad as hes telling them his new nickname is "the ledge" his left arm is missing. and the word 'end.' at the end of the toon is missing. Should this be added to goofs?

No, this is simply a goof for the version of flash the Wii is running at or the Opera browser. It doesn't belong on the page. MichaelXX2 mail_icon.gif link_icon.gif 19:19, 29 June 2009 (UTC)
Personal tools<|endoftext|>Entrepreneur Wants $50K to Build Self-Sufficient Floating Island

Living on land is so 2010--aren't you ready to move onto a futuristic floating utopian island that "follows the summer" around the world? Thirty-year-old English entrepreneur Ben Way feels your pain--and he has an answer, so long as he can raise $50,000 on Kickstarter to get started. The answer is...Arc Island, a floating island community the size of Manhattan.

The island as Way visualizes it would also have all of the necessary technology to sustain life, including renewable energy, desalination, and waste disposal.

Way imagines a utopian society in which there's no physical currency, a micro democracy, a virtual government, complete energy independence, and a flat tax rate. I'm doing my taxes right now, and I could go for a flat tax rate…but that's beside the point.<|endoftext|>Ranger Name Generator

Welcome to the Ranger Name Generator! Use this idea generator to generate thousands of possibilities for ranger names. Have fun!

Male Female

Grab your ranger names

  • Loading...
  • <% result.name %>

What is a ranger?

A ranger is an individual who has been specially trained to protect natural resources and outdoor areas. They may work for a government agency, park service, or conservation group. They are responsible for patrolling designated areas to ensure that the environment remains protected.

So many ideas, but can I use the ranger names for free?

Is there a limit to how much I can generate with this random Ranger Name Generator?

There's thousands of ranger names in this Ranger Name Generator, so you won't need to be worried that we'll run out anytime soon. Just have fun with it.

For even more ideas and some additional options, be sure to also check out the Ranger Name Generator over on The Story Shack.

Explore some ranger names<|endoftext|>Coal’s formation is a window on an ancient world

Coal has provided us with some stunning fossils. Bart Bernardes/Flickr, CC BY-NC-ND

Coal’s formation is a window on an ancient world

As the world moves to combat climate change, it’s increasingly doubtful that coal will continue to be a viable energy source, because of its high greenhouse gas emissions. But coal played a vital role in the Industrial Revolution and continues to fuel some of the world’s largest economies. This series looks at coal’s past, present and uncertain future, starting today with how it’s formed.

Love it or hate it, coal played a crucial role in launching us into the modern world by fuelling the Industrial Revolution. The byproducts of that role were, of course, the rise of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere and dangerous levels of air pollution in the big coal-fuelled cities.

But despite its insidious influence on the climate and our health, coal has a lesser-known positive side to its otherwise dark soul. It has provided us with some stunning fossils.

Geologists have known for centuries that coal is an accumulation of plant material that, once buried in the Earth’s sedimentary layers, gets compressed by gravity into a denser, compact form. Yet, in recent years, scientists have hotly debated the early phases of coal formation.

The discussion hinges on whether coal formed due to the absence of certain organisms that actively break down the woody tissues of dead trees, or whether other non-biological factors were the reason.

Contested origins

Coal starts its cycle of formation with the accumulation of plant material in swamps or bogs. Decaying plant matter that builds up at the bottom of bogs or swamps is called peat. After other sedimentary layers bury the peat deposit, the weight of these sediments builds up and compacts it.

Other chemical and physical processes also alter the peat, including pressures exerted by tectonic forces as continents move and crash into one another. These processes eventually turn the layers of compacted peat into rock we can mine.

Pure black coal, richer in organic carbon and tempered by heat and pressure, is called anthracite. Brown coal, or lignite, is mostly just compressed peat and has more sediment mixed in with plant matter.

Coal has formed as very large deposits at certain times in Earth’s prehistory. So much so that Reverend William Conybeare, the esteemed British geologist of the early 19th century, first named the Carboniferous or “carbon-bearing” period (359 million to 299 million years ago) after the distinctive coal deposits of Britain in his book of 1822.

These great coal swamps formed in what were the Earth’s first great forests. They were home to many varieties of giant amphibians and early reptiles and huge insects, as global oxygen levels were very high at this time.

Scientific treasures from coal: the Iguanodon dinosaur display in Brussels Museum of Natural Sciences. Brussels Museum of Natural Sciences website

For many years, scientists believed that coal formed in such large deposits at these times because certain fungi that helped break down the lignin, or woody tissues, had not yet evolved. The molecular clock estimates for the appearance of these fungi, called Agariomycetes, suggest they should appear in the Permian period (299 million to 252 million years ago), after the formation of the vast Carboniferous coal deposits.

A new theory

But this doesn’t account for the huge amounts of coal that formed in much later geological periods, such as the Cenozoic, over the past 65 million years. And a new study, led by Matthew Nelsen of Stanford University, takes issue with this model, as well as presenting a new hypothesis for coal formation.

The study authors argue that coal formed in the Carboniferous period consists dominantly of plants such as horsetails, or Lycophytes. These trees grew to enormous sizes and their periderm, or outer cuticles of the trunk, lack lignin, so wouldn’t be affected by the absence of lignin-degrading fungi. Their argument points to the biochemical composition of the plants having little to do with how coal accumulates.

The distribution of coal deposits through time is seen in the chart below of the estimated total volume of coal in North America. Large deposits of coal also accumulated during the age of dinosaurs (Mesozoic Era, from 252 million to 66 million years ago) and during the first half of the Cenozoic period (between 66 million and 30 million years ago), well after the predicted first appearance of lignin-degrading fungi.

Terrestrial coal accumulation in North America, through time. Note the large peaks during the Carboniferous ‘C’ and early Cenozoic ‘Pg’. Taken from the paper by Nelsen et al. (2016). Prof. Kevin Boyce, with permission.

The paper