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# 1. Introduction

## 1. Introduction

1. The main difficulty of quantum field theory is the problem of divergences  which arise since the evolution equations of quantum field theory are ill-defined. It is suitable to investigate such problems, making use of the simpler quantum mechanical models which illustrate some of difficulties of quantum field theory. One of such models is the Schrodinger equation for the particle moving in the external singular potential:

$$i\frac{d\psi (t)}{dt}=\widehat{H}\psi (t),$$
$`1.1`$
where $`t`$, $`\psi (t)=L^2(^d)`$, while the Hamiltonian operator $`\widehat{H}`$ is formally written as $`\widehat{H}=\mathrm{\Delta }+\phi (𝕩)`$, $`\phi (𝕩)`$ is the operator of multiplication by a distribution. Such models were considered in \[2-14\]. As an example. one can consider the function $`\phi (𝕩)=a+g\delta (𝕩)`$, where $`a>0`$, $`g`$. Then

$$\widehat{H}_g=\mathrm{\Delta }+a+g\delta (𝕩).$$
$`1.2`$
The more general example of $`\widehat{H}`$ than (1.2) is the following formal expression:

$$\widehat{H}_g\psi =\widehat{T}\psi +g\chi (\chi ,\psi ).$$
$`1.3`$
Here $`\widehat{T}`$ is a positively definite self-adjoint operator in $``$. Making use of the operator $`\widehat{T}`$, construct the scale of Hilbert spaces $`\mathrm{}^2^1=^0^1^2\mathrm{}`$. The space $`^k`$ is a completion of the subspace $`_{n=1}^{\mathrm{}}D(\widehat{T}^n)`$ of the space $``$ with respect to the norm: $`||\psi ||_k^2=<\psi ,\psi >_k=(\psi ,\widehat{T}^k\psi )`$. The function $`\chi `$ entering to eq.(1.3) should belong to the space $`^k`$ for some $`k`$. Expression (1.2) is a partial case of (1.3) for $`\widehat{T}=\mathrm{\Delta }+a`$, $`\chi (𝕩)=\delta (𝕩)^k`$ at $`k>d/2`$.

To define eq.(1.1) mathematically, one should specify a self-adjoint operator in $``$ corresponding to the formal expression (1.3) (in particular, (1.2)). For $`\chi ^2`$ ($`d3`$), this problem is solved as follows . One should consider the restriction of the operator $`\widehat{T}`$ to the domain

$$\{\psi _{n=1}^{\mathrm{}}D(\widehat{T}^n)|(\widehat{T}^k\chi ,\widehat{T}^k\psi )=0\}$$
$`1.4`$
(for the partial case (1.2) the domain is $`\{\psi S(^d)|\psi (0)=0\}`$. One justifies that the defect indices of this symmetric operator are (1,1). Making use of the standard procedure (see, for example, ), one constructs the one-parametric set $`\{\widehat{H}_g\}`$ of self-adjoint extensions of the operator $`\widehat{T}`$. It is in one-to-one correspondence to the one-parametric set of formal expressions (1.3).

2. For the strongly singular case, i.e. for $`\chi ^2`$ ($`d>3`$), the operator $`\widehat{T}`$ considered on the domain (1.4) is essentially self-adjoint, so that the considered approach does not allow us to construct a non-trivial self-adjoint operator corresponding to the formal expression (1.3). It was noted in  that one should consider an indefinite inner product space instead of the space $``$ in order to construct a non-trivial self-adjoint operator $`\widehat{H}`$ in the strongly singular cases.

A self-adjoint operator $`\widehat{H}`$ in the Pontriagin space $`\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$  corresponding to the expression (1.3) was specified in  (see also ), provided that $`\chi ^{k1}^k`$ for some $`k`$. Here $`m=[k/2]`$. One-parametric set of formal expressions (1.3) corresponds to the $`k`$-parametric set of operators $`\widehat{H}`$ in $`\mathrm{\Pi }_{[k/2]}(g_2,\mathrm{},g_k)`$; $`k1`$ parameters specifies the inner product, while one parameter is an analog of $`g`$. Denote the operator constructed in  (see section 2) as $`\widehat{H}(g_2,\mathrm{},g_k,\alpha )`$. Therefore, the equation

$$i\frac{d\psi (t)}{dt}=\widehat{H}(g_2,\mathrm{},g_k,\alpha )\psi (t)$$
$`1.5`$
for $`\psi (t)\mathrm{\Pi }_{[k/2]}(g_2,\mathrm{},g_k)`$ is defined.

According to the analog of the Stone theorem for the Pontriagin spaces , the operator $`\widehat{H}`$ is a generator of a one-parametric group of unitary operators $`e^{i\widehat{H}t}`$ in $`\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$. The operator $`\widehat{U}(t)=e^{i\widehat{H}(g_2,\mathrm{},g_k,\alpha )t}`$ restricted to $`D(\widehat{H}(g_2,\mathrm{},g_k,\alpha ))`$ is an operator taking the initial condition of the Cauchy problem for eq.(1.1) to the solution of eq.(1.1).

3. The problem of constructing approximations of singular equations (1.5) often arises . This problem is also important for quantum field theory .

It was shown in  that for $`m=0`$ the operator transforming the initial condition for the Cauchy problem to the solution of the Cauchy problem for eq.(1.5) can be approximated in the strong sense as $`n\mathrm{}`$ by the evolution operator for the equation

$$i\frac{d\psi _n(t)}{dt}=\widehat{T}\psi _n(t)+g_n\chi _n(\chi _n,\psi _n(t)),\psi _n(t)$$
$`1.6`$
provided that

$$\widehat{T}^1\chi _n\widehat{T}^1\chi _n\mathrm{}0,g_n^1+(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^1\chi _n)_n\mathrm{}\alpha ^1.$$
$`1.7`$
Note that for all $`\chi ^2`$ there exist sequences $`g_n`$, $`\chi _n`$ obeying (1.7), for example, $`\chi _n=e^{\widehat{T}/n}\chi `$, $`g_n=(\alpha ^1+(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^1\chi _n))^1`$.

This paper deals with the construction of an approximation for eq.(1.5) for the strongly singular case (for $`m0`$ or $`k>1`$). The approximation (1.6) cannot be applied then. It happens that the resolving operator for the Cauchy problem for eq.(1.5) (the $`t`$-dependent operator transforming the initial condition of the Cauchy problem to the solution of eq.(1.5) at fixed $`t`$) can be viewed as a limit as $`n\mathrm{}`$ of resolving operators for the Cauchy problem of the system of differential equations of a larger order:

$$\begin{array}{c}i\frac{d\psi _n(t)}{dt}=\widehat{T}\psi _n(t)+c_n(t)\chi _n,\\ z_{0,n}c_n(t)+iz_{1,n}\frac{dc_n(t)}{dt}+\mathrm{}+i^{k1}z_{k1,n}\frac{d^{k1}c_n(t)}{dt^{k1}}=(\chi _n,\psi _n(t)).\end{array}$$
$`1.8`$
Here $`c_n(t)`$ is a complex function, $`\psi _n(t)`$ is an element of the space $``$. The limit should be considered in a generalized strong sense . The following conditions are imposed:

$$\begin{array}{c}z_{s,n}+(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{s1}\chi _n)_n\mathrm{}g_s,s=\overline{0,k1},\\ \widehat{T}^{\frac{k+1}{2}}(\chi _n\chi )_n\mathrm{}0.\end{array}$$
$`1.9`$
Here $`g_1=\alpha ^1`$.

For the partial case $`k=1`$, the left-hand side of the second equation of system (1.8) contains only one term. Therefore, system (1.8) is equivalent to eq.(1.6). If one increases $`k`$, the number of parameters $`z_{s,n}`$ is also increased, so that the terms with derivatives of higher orders appear. The procedure of adding such terms (”counterterms”) is analogous to quantum field theory procedure of infinite renormalization of the wave function .

In particular, the Schrodinger equation with the $`\delta `$-potential which was constructed in  is formally written as

$$i\frac{\psi (x,t)}{t}=[\mathrm{\Delta }+a+g\delta (x)]\psi (x,t),x^d.$$

It appears to be the limit as $`n\mathrm{}`$ of the system of equations on $`\psi _n(x,t)`$ and $`c_n(t)`$

$$\begin{array}{c}i\frac{\psi _n(x,t)}{t}=[\mathrm{\Delta }+a]\psi _n(x,t)+c_n(t)\chi _n(x),\\ z_{0,n}c_n(t)+\mathrm{}+i^{k1}z_{k1,n}\frac{d^{k1}c_n(t)}{dt^{k1}}=𝑑y\chi _n(y)\psi _n(y,t),\end{array}$$

provided that $`k=[d/2]`$, $`\chi _n\delta `$ in the $`^{k1}`$-norm and sequences $`z_{s,n}+(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{s1}\chi _n)`$, $`s=\overline{0,k1}`$, are convergent as $`n\mathrm{}`$.

4. Besides Schrodinger equation for the particle moving in the singular potential, other equations appear in the applications. Evolution of relativistic particle in the external scalar field is described by the Klein-Gordon-type equation

$$\begin{array}{c}\frac{d^2\psi (t)}{dt^2}=\widehat{H}(g_2,\mathrm{},g_k,\alpha )\psi (t);\end{array}$$
$`1.10`$
The Schrodinger equation in the imaginary time is also considered

$$\begin{array}{c}\frac{d\psi (t)}{dt}=\widehat{H}(g_2,\mathrm{},g_k,\alpha )\psi (t).\end{array}$$
$`1.11`$
After specifying the operator $`\widehat{H}(g_2,\mathrm{},g_k,\alpha )`$ eqs.(1.10) and (1.11) become well-defined. It happens that eq.(1.10) can be approximated by the system

$$\begin{array}{c}\frac{d^2\psi _n(t)}{dt^2}=\widehat{T}\psi _n(t)+c_n(t)\chi _n,\\ z_{0,n}c_n(t)z_{1,n}\frac{d^2c_n(t)}{dt^2}+\mathrm{}+(1)^{k1}z_{k1,n}\frac{d^{2k2}c_n(t)}{dt^{2k2}}=(\chi _n,\psi _n(t)),\end{array}$$
$`1.12`$
while the approximation for eq.(1.11) is

$$\begin{array}{c}\frac{d\psi _n(t)}{dt}=\widehat{T}\psi _n(t)+c_n(t)\chi _n,\\ z_{0,n}c_n(t)z_{1,n}\frac{dc_n(t)}{dt}+\mathrm{}+(1)^{k1}z_{k1,n}\frac{d^{k1}c_n(t)}{dt^{k1}}=(\chi _n,\psi _n(t)).\end{array}$$
$`1.13`$
Therefore, the evolution operators for strongly singular evolution equations (1.5), (1.10), (1.11) which was defined in  with the help of complicated implicit procedure can be approximated in the generalized strong sense  by evolution operators for explicitly defined systems of equations (1.8), (1.10), (1.11).

## 2. Formulation of results

### 2.1. Strongly singular equations

Remind the procedure of constructing the space $`\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$ and operator $`\widehat{H}`$ entering to eq.(1.5).

First of all, consider the space $`𝒫_m`$ containing all linear combinations of the form: $`\psi =_{l=1}^{2m}c_lT^l\chi +\psi _{reg}`$, where $`c_l`$, $`\psi _{reg}^{2m}`$. The inner product in this space is specified by the $`k1`$ real parameters $`g_2,\mathrm{},g_k`$. Set

$$\begin{array}{c}(\chi ,\widehat{T}^s\chi )_{reg}=g_sforsk,\\ (\chi ,\widehat{T}^s\chi )_{reg}=(\chi ,\widehat{T}^s\chi )forsk+1.\end{array}$$

The inner product in $`𝒫_m`$ is

$$\begin{array}{c}<\psi ,\psi >=_{l,s=1}^{2m}c_l^{}c_s(\chi ,\widehat{T}^{ls}\chi )_{reg}+(\psi _{reg},\psi _{reg})+\\ +_{s=1}^{2m}c_s(\widehat{T}^m\psi _{reg},\widehat{T}^{ms}\chi )+_{s=1}^{2m}c_s^{}(\widehat{T}^{ms}\chi ,\widehat{T}^m\psi _{reg}).\end{array}$$

This expression is well-defined, since $`\widehat{T}^{mk}\chi `$ for $`k1`$, while $`\widehat{T}^m\psi _{reg}`$.

Consider the completion  of the space $`𝒫_m`$ which is a Pontriagin space $`\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$ with $`m=[k/2]`$. It has the structure $`\mathrm{\Pi }_m=^{2m}`$:

$$\mathrm{\Pi }_m=\{(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )|\gamma =(\gamma _1,\mathrm{},\gamma _m)^m,\rho =(\rho _1,\mathrm{},\rho _m)^m,\phi \}.$$

Introduce an indefinite inner product in $`\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$ as follows:

$$<\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Phi }>=\underset{su=1}{\overset{m}{}}\gamma _s^{}\gamma _u(\chi ,\widehat{T}^{su}\chi )_{reg}\underset{s=1}{\overset{m}{}}(\gamma _s^{}\rho _s+\gamma _s\rho _s^{})+(\phi ,\phi ).$$

The one-to-one correspondence $`I:𝒫_m\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$ between $`𝒫_m`$ and a dense subset of the space $`\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$ can be specified as $`I\{_{l=1}^{2m}c_l\widehat{T}^l\chi +\psi _{reg}\}=(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )`$, where

$$\begin{array}{c}\gamma _1=c_1,\mathrm{},\gamma _m=c_m,\\ \rho _1=_{l=m+1}^{2m}c_l(\chi ,\widehat{T}^{l1}\chi )_{reg}+(\widehat{T}^1\chi ,\psi _{reg}),\\ \mathrm{},\\ \rho _m=_{l=m+1}^{2m}c_l(\chi ,\widehat{T}^{lm}\chi )_{reg}+(\widehat{T}^m\chi ,\psi _{reg}),\\ \phi =_{l=m+1}^{2m}c_l\widehat{T}^l\chi +\psi _{reg}.\end{array}$$

The following statement has been proved in .

###### Lemma 2.1

The continuation of the mapping $`I`$ is a one-to-one correspondence between the completion of the space $`𝒫_m`$ and the space $`\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$.

Instead of the unbounded operator $`\widehat{H}`$, it is more convenient to define the bounded operator $`\widehat{H}^1`$. Consider the formal equation $`\widehat{H}\psi =\varphi `$, $`\widehat{T}\psi +g\chi (\chi ,\psi )=\varphi `$ and find (formally) $`\psi `$: $`\psi =\widehat{T}^1\varphi +\alpha T^1\chi (\widehat{T}^1\chi ,\varphi )`$. Here $`\alpha =\frac{1}{1/g+(\chi ,T^1\chi )}`$. Therefore, define the operator $`\widehat{H}^1`$ in the space $`𝒫_m`$ as follows:

$$\widehat{H}^1\varphi =\widehat{T}^1\varphi +\alpha \widehat{T}^1\chi <\widehat{T}^1\chi ,\varphi >.$$
$`2.1`$
One should also specify a one-to-one correspondence between $`\alpha `$ and $`g`$. For the case $`m=0`$, definition (2.1) is in agreement with the approach based on self-adjoint extensions .

The operator (2.1) can be continued  to the space $`\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$. Thus, the operator $`\widehat{H}^1`$ can be viewed as a continuous operator in the Pontriagin space $`\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$. It does not have zero eigenvalues for $`\alpha 0`$. The inverse operator $`\widehat{H}(\widehat{H}^1)^1`$ is then  a self-adjoint (generally, unbounded) operator in $`\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$.

Therefore, space $`\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$ and operator $`\widehat{H}`$ are constructed.

### 2.2. Approximation of a strongly singular equation

Formulate now the main results of the paper.

The resolving operator for the Cauchy problem for system (1.8) approximates the resolving operator for the Cauchy problem for eq.(1.5) in the general strong sense. Remind the corresponding definition .

Let $``$ and $`_n`$, $`n=1,2,\mathrm{}`$ be Banach spaces, $`P_n:_n`$, $`n=1,2,\mathrm{}`$ be a sequence of operators with uniformly bounded norms: $`P_na<\mathrm{}`$ for some $`n`$-independent quantity $`a`$.

###### Definition 2.1

We say that a sequence of operators $`A_n:_n_n`$, $`n=1,2,\mathrm{}`$ is $`\{P_n\}`$ \- strongly convergent to operator $`A:`$, if for all $`v`$ the property $`P_nAvA_nP_nv_n\mathrm{}0`$ is satisfied.

Note that a generalized strong limit of a sequence of operators depends (generally) on the choice of the sequence $`\{P_n\}`$; this fact is used in the theory of the Maslov canonical operator in abstract spaces .

###### Definition 2.2

Let $`u_n_n`$, $`n=1,2,\mathrm{}`$, $`u`$. We say that a sequence $`\{u_n\}`$ is of the class $`[u]`$ (or is $`\{P_n\}`$-strongly convergent to $`u`$), if $`u_nP_nu\underset{n\mathrm{}}{}0`$.

Set $`=\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$. Denote by $`_n=^{k1}`$ the space of sets $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n=(c_n^0,\mathrm{},c_n^{k2},\psi _n)`$ of numbers $`c_n^0,\mathrm{},c_n^{k2}`$ and a vector $`\psi `$. Define an indefinite inner product in the space $`_n`$ as follows:

$$<\mathrm{\Phi }_n,\mathrm{\Phi }_n>=(\psi _n,\psi _n)+\underset{js=0}{\overset{k2}{}}c_n^jc_n^sz_{j+s+1,n}.$$
$`2.2`$
Here $`z_{l,n}=0`$ as $`lk`$ by definition.

###### Lemma 2.2

Let $`z_{k1,n}0`$. Then the inner product (2.2) contains $`m`$ negative squares.

Note that the condition of lemma 2.2 is satisfied at sufficiently large $`n`$.

The system (1.8) can be presented as a differential equation of the first order

$$i\widehat{Z}_n\frac{d}{dt}\mathrm{\Phi }_n(t)=\widehat{H}_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n(t)$$
$`2.3`$
on the vector function $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n(t)_n`$. The operators $`\widehat{Z}_n`$ and $`\widehat{H}_n`$ are defined as

$$\begin{array}{c}\widehat{Z}_n(c_n^0,\mathrm{},c_n^{k2},\psi _n)=(c_n^0,\mathrm{},c_n^{k3},z_{k1,n}c_n^{k2},\psi _n),\\ \widehat{H}_n(c_n^0,\mathrm{},c_n^{k2},\psi _n)=\\ (c_n^1,\mathrm{},c_n^{k2},(\chi _n,\psi _n)z_{0,n}c_n^0\mathrm{}z_{k2,n}c_n^{k2},\widehat{T}\psi _n+c_n^0\chi _n).\end{array}$$

Namely, after redefining $`i^l\frac{d^l}{dt^l}c_n(t)=c_n^l(t)`$ system (1.8) is taken to the form (2.3).

###### Lemma 2.3

Let $`\psi _n(0)D(\widehat{T})`$, $`c_n^0(0),\mathrm{},c_n^{k2}(0)`$. Then there exists a unique solution of the Cauchy problem for eq.(2.3). It continuously depends on the initial conditions for $`t[0,T]`$.

Define the operator $`U_n(t):^{k1}D(\widehat{T})^{k1}D(\widehat{T})`$ taking the initial condition of the Cauchy problem for eq.(1.9) to the solution of the Cauchy problem. Since the solution of the Cauchy problem continuously depends on the initial condition, the operator $`U_n(t)`$ can be continued to the space $`_n`$. This continuation $`U_n(t):_n_n`$ is unique, provided that it is continuous.

###### Lemma 2.4

The operator $`U_n(t)`$ conserves the indefinite inner product (2.2).

Introduce the operator $`P_n:_n`$ of the form $`P_n:(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )(c_n^0,\mathrm{},c_n^{k2},\psi _n)`$ as follows.

For arbitrary $`k`$, set

$$c_n^0=\gamma _1,\mathrm{},c_n^{m1}=\gamma _m,\psi _n=\underset{j=0}{\overset{m1}{}}\gamma _{j+1}T^{j1}\chi _n+\phi _n.$$

For $`k=2m+1`$, set $`\phi _n=\phi `$. For $`k=2m`$, set

$$\begin{array}{c}\phi _n=\phi +\frac{\widehat{T}^m\chi _n[\rho _m(\widehat{T}^m\chi _n,\phi )]}{(\widehat{T}^m\chi _n,\widehat{T}^m\chi _n)}\end{array}$$

Specify the quantities $`c_n^m`$, …, $`c_n^{2m1}`$ from the relations:

$$\begin{array}{c}(\widehat{T}^1\chi _n,\psi _n)z_{m+1,n}c_n^m\mathrm{}z_{2m,n}c_n^{2m1}=\rho _1,\\ \mathrm{}\\ (\widehat{T}^{m+1}\chi _n,\psi _n)z_{2m1,n}c_n^mz_{2m,n}c_n^{m+1}=\rho _{m1},\\ (\widehat{T}^m\chi _n,\psi _n)z_{2m,n}c_n^m=\rho _m,\end{array}$$
$`2.4`$
For sufficiently large $`n`$, $`c_n^m`$, …, $`c_n^{2m1}`$ are defined uniquely, since $`z_{k1,n}0`$. The mapping $`P_n`$ is constructed.

###### Lemma 2.5

As $`n\mathrm{}`$, $`<P_n\mathrm{\Phi },P_n\mathrm{\Phi }><\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Phi }>`$.

Introduce now Hilbert inner products in $``$ and $`_n`$.

Remind that a Hilbert inner product in a Pontriagin space is introduced as follows . First, an arbitrary $`m`$-dimensional subspace $`_m\mathrm{\Pi }_m`$ such that the indefinite inner product is negatively definite on $`_m`$, is considered. Without loss of generality, one can consider only the case when the subspace $`_m`$ belongs to the domain of $`H`$ . Otherwise, introduce a basis $`e_i^{}`$ in the space $`_m`$, choose some vectors $`e_i`$ form the domain of the operator $`H`$ such that the distance between $`e_i`$ and $`e_i^{}`$ is smaller than $`\epsilon `$. Consider the span of the set of vectors $`e_i`$. At sufficiently small $`\epsilon `$ the inner product will be negatively definite on the span.

By $`J`$ we denote the operator of the form $`J\mathrm{\Phi }=\mathrm{\Phi }`$ at $`\mathrm{\Phi }_m`$ and $`J\mathrm{\Phi }=\mathrm{\Phi }`$ at $`\mathrm{\Phi }_m`$. According to , the bilinear form

$$<\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Phi }>__m=<\mathrm{\Phi },J\mathrm{\Phi }>$$
$`2.5`$
specifies a positively definite Hilbert inner product. The topologies corresponding to inner products (2.5) at different $`_m`$ are equivalent.

The inner product (2.5) specified the following norm in $``$:

$$\mathrm{\Phi }=\sqrt{<\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Phi }>__m}.$$
$`2.6`$
To specify a norm in $`_n`$, let us use the following statement. Let $`\lambda `$ be a sufficiently large positive number such that the resolvent of the operator $`\widehat{Z}_n^1H_n`$ is defined at sufficiently large $`n`$. Denote $`_m^n=(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n(H+\lambda )_m`$.

###### Lemma 2.6

At sufficiently large $`n`$ the inner product (2.2) is negatively definite on the $`m`$-dimensional subspace $`_m^n_n`$. At sufficiently large $`n`$ the inner product $`<\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Phi }>_{P_n_m}`$ is positively definite on $`_n`$ and defines a norm $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n=\sqrt{<\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Phi }>_{P_n_m}}`$.

Lemma 2.6 implies the following lemma.

###### Lemma 2.7

The operators $`P_n`$ are uniformly bounded, $`P_na`$ for some $`n`$-independent constant $`a`$.

The following lemma gives necessary and sufficient condition for the property $`\{(c_n^0,\mathrm{},c_n^{k2},\psi _n)_n[(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )]`$. Denote $`\varphi _n=\psi _n+_{j=0}^{m1}c_n^j\widehat{T}^{j1}\chi _n`$.

###### Lemma 2.8

$`\{(c_n^0,\mathrm{},c_n^{k2},\psi _n)\}[\gamma ,\rho ,\phi ]`$ if and only if

$$\begin{array}{c}lim_n\mathrm{}c_n^0=\gamma _1,\mathrm{},lim_n\mathrm{}c_n^{m1}=\gamma _m,\\ lim_n\mathrm{}\varphi _n\phi =0,\\ lim_n\mathrm{}(\widehat{T}^1\chi _n,\varphi _n)z_{m+1,n}c_n^m\mathrm{}z_{2m,n}c_n^{2m1}=\rho _1,\\ \mathrm{}\\ lim_n\mathrm{}(\widehat{T}^{m+1}\chi _n,\varphi _n)z_{2m1,n}c_n^mz_{2m,n}c_n^{m+1}=\rho _{m1},\\ lim_n\mathrm{}(\widehat{T}^m\chi _n,\varphi _n)z_{2m,n}c_n^m=\rho _m.\end{array}$$

In particular, lemma 2.8 shows that the property of $`\{P_n\}`$-strong convergence does not depend on the choice of the subspace $`_m`$.

The following lemma shows that any initial condition for eq. (1.5) can be obtained as a $`\{P_n\}`$-strong limit of the sequence of initial conditions for system (1.8).

###### Lemma 2.9

For any $`(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )`$ there exists a sequence $`\{(c_n^0,\mathrm{},c_n^{k2},\psi _n)_n\}`$ from the class $`[\gamma ,\rho ,\phi ]`$.

To prove lemma, it is sufficient to choose $`(c_n^0,\mathrm{},c_n^{k2},\psi _n)=P_n(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )`$.

The main result of the paper is formulated as follows.

###### Theorem 1

The sequence of operators $`U_n(t)`$ is $`\{P_n\}`$-strongly convergent to $`U(t)`$.

###### Corollary

Let $`\{(c_n^0(0),\mathrm{},c_n^{k2}(0),\psi _n(0))\}[(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )]`$. Then

$`\{(c_n^0(t),\mathrm{},c_n^{k2}(t),\psi _n(t))\}[U^t(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )]`$.

For nonstrongly singular case ($`k=1`$ or $`m=0`$) theorem 1 gives the result of .

Formulate analogs of theorem 1 for approximations of eqs. (1.10) and (1.11).

###### Lemma 2.10

Let $`\psi _nD(\widehat{T})`$, $`c_n^0(0),\mathrm{},c_n^{k2}(0)`$. Then there exists a unique solution of the Cauchy problem for system (1.13). It continuously depends on the initial condition. For $`\psi (0)D(H)`$, there exists a unique solution of the Cauchy problem for eq.(1.11). It also continuously depends on the initial condition.

By $`\stackrel{~}{U}_n(t)`$, $`\stackrel{~}{U}(t)`$ we denote the operators transforming the initial conditions for the Cauchy problems for eq.(1.13), (1.11) to the solution of the Cauchy problems for eq.(1.13), (1.11) correspondingly.

###### Theorem 2

The sequence of operators $`\stackrel{~}{U}_n(t)`$ is $`\{P_n\}`$-strongly convergent to $`\stackrel{~}{U}(t)`$.

###### Lemma 2.11

Let $`\psi _n(0)D(\widehat{T})`$, $`c_n(0),\mathrm{},c_n^{(2k3)}`$. Then there exists a unique solution of the Cauchy problem for eq.(1.12). It continuously depends on the initial condition.

Note that system (1.12) can be presented as

$$\frac{d^2}{dt^2}\mathrm{\Phi }_n(t)=\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n.$$
$`2.7`$
Introduce operators $`V_n(t)`$ and $`W_n(t)`$ on $`D(\widehat{T})`$ from the relation

$$\mathrm{\Phi }_n(t)=V_n(t)\mathrm{\Phi }_n(0)+W_n(t)\frac{d\mathrm{\Phi }_n}{dt}(0).$$

The operator taking $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n(0)`$ to the solution of the Cauchy problem for eq.(2.7) at $`d\mathrm{\Phi }_n(0)/dt=0`$ is denoted as $`V_n(t)`$. The operator taking $`d\mathrm{\Phi }_n(0)/dt`$ to $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n(t)`$ at $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n(0)=0`$ is denoted as $`W_n(t)`$. Since the solution continuously depends on the initial conditions, the operators $`V_n(t)`$ and $`W_n(t)`$ are bounded. They are uniquely continued to the whole space $`_n`$.

Analogously, define the operators $`V(t)`$ and $`W(t)`$ from the relations

$$\psi (t)=V(t)\psi (0)+W(t)\frac{d\psi }{dt}(0),$$
$`2.8`$
where $`\psi (t)D(H)`$ is a solution of eq.(1.10), $`\psi (0)D(H)`$, $`\dot{\psi }(0)D(H)`$ are initial conditions.

###### Theorem 3

The sequence of operators $`V_n(t)`$ is $`\{P_n\}`$-strongly convergent to $`V(t)`$. The sequence of operators $`W_n(t)`$ is $`\{P_n\}`$-strongly convergent to $`W(t)`$.

## 3. Approximation of the space and resolvent convergence

This section deals with the proof of lemmas 2.2, 2.5-2.8. We also justify that the sequence of resolvents of the operators $`\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n`$ converges in a general strong sense to the resolvent of the operator $`\widehat{H}`$.

1. Lemma 2.2 is a corollary of the following statement. Consider the real matrices $`A`$ and $`B`$ of the dimensions $`m\times m`$, which consist of elements $`A_{ij}`$ and $`B_{ij}`$, $`i,j=\overline{1,m}`$.

###### Lemma 3.1

Let the matrix $`B`$ be invertible, while the matrix $`A`$ be Hermitian. Then the quadratic form

$$\underset{ij=1}{\overset{m}{}}[x_i^{}A_{ij}x_j+y_i^{}B_{ij}x_j+x_i^{}B_{ji}^{}y_i]$$
$`3.1`$
contains $`m`$ negative and $`m`$ positive squares.

###### Demonstration Proof

Since the matrix $`A`$ is Hermitian, it can be taken to the diagonal form $`U^TAU=diag[\alpha _1,\mathrm{},\alpha _m]`$ with the help of an unitary transformation. After substitution $`x_i=_{s=1}^mU_{is}\xi _s`$ and transformation $`\eta _s=_{ij=1}^mB_{ji}^{}U_{is}^{}y_j`$ the quadratic form (3.1) is taken to the form

$$\underset{s=1}{\overset{m}{}}[\alpha _s\xi _s^{}\xi _s+\xi _s^{}\eta _s+\eta _s^{}\xi _s]$$
$`3.2`$
One has

$$\begin{array}{c}\alpha _s\xi _s^{}\xi _s+\xi _s^{}\eta _s+\eta _s^{}\xi _s=\alpha _s(\xi _s^{}+\alpha _s^1\eta _s^{})(\xi _s+\alpha _s^1\eta _s)\alpha _s^1\eta _s^{}\eta _s,\alpha _s0,\\ \xi _s^{}\eta _s+\eta _s^{}\xi _s=\frac{1}{2}[(\xi _s^{}+\eta _s^{})(\xi _s+\eta _s)(\xi _s^{}\eta _s^{})(\xi _s\eta _s)],\alpha _s=0.\end{array}$$

For both cases, the quadratic form $`\alpha _s\xi _s^{}\xi _s+\xi _s^{}\eta _s+\eta _s^{}\xi _s`$ contains one negative and one positive square. Therefore, the form (3.2) contains $`m`$ positive and $`m`$ negative squares. Lemma 3.1 is proved.

###### Demonstration Proof of lemma 2.2

It is sufficient to justify that the quadratic form

$$\underset{js=0}{\overset{k2}{}}c_n^jc_n^sz_{j+s+1,n}$$
$`3.3`$
contains $`m`$ negative squares (we set $`z_{l,n}=0`$ for $`lk`$). Take it to the form (3.1). Consider 2 cases.

1. Let $`k=2m+1`$. Denote $`x_j=c_n^{j1}`$, $`y_j=c_n^{m+j1}`$, $`j=\overline{1,m}`$, $`A_{ij}=z_{i+j1,n}`$, $`B_{ij}=z_{m+i+j1,n}`$, $`i,j=\overline{1,m}`$. Since matrix elements $`B_{ij}`$ vanish as $`i+j>m+1`$, while $`B_{ij}=z_{2m,n}0`$ as $`i+j=m+1`$, $`detB0`$, and the matrix $`B`$ is invertible. Therefore, the quadratic form (3.3) is taken to the form (3.1) and contains $`m`$ negative squares.

2. Let $`k=2m`$. Denote $`x_j=c_n^{j1}`$, $`y_j=c_n^{m+j1}`$, $`j=\overline{1,m1}`$, $`\sigma =c_n^{m1}`$. The quadratic form (3.3) is taken to the form

$$\begin{array}{c}_{ij=1}^{m1}[x_i^{}\stackrel{~}{A}_{ij}x_j+y_j^{}\stackrel{~}{B}_{ij}x_j+x_i^{}\stackrel{~}{B}_{ji}y_j]+z_{2m1,n}\sigma ^{}\sigma +\\ _{s=1}^{m1}[\sigma ^{}z_{m+s1,n}x_s+\sigma z_{m+s1,n}x_s^{}]\end{array}$$
$`3.4`$
where $`\stackrel{~}{A}_{ij}=z_{i+j1,n}`$, $`\stackrel{~}{B}_{ij}=z_{m+i+j1,n}`$, $`i,j=\overline{1,m1}`$. The matrix elements $`\stackrel{~}{B}_{ij}`$ vanish at $`i+j>m`$ and are nonzero at $`i+j=m`$. Therefore, the matrix $`\stackrel{~}{B}`$ is invertible. The formula (3.4) is taken to the form

$$\begin{array}{c}_{ij=1}^{m1}[x_i^{}(\stackrel{~}{A}_{ij}\frac{z_{i+m1,n}z_{m+j1,n}}{z_{2m1,n}})x_j+y_j^{}\stackrel{~}{B}_{ij}x_j+x_i^{}\stackrel{~}{B}_{ji}y_j]+\\ z_{2m1,n}(\sigma ^{}+_{s=1}^{m1}\frac{z_{m+s1,n}}{z_{2m1,n}}x_s^{})(\sigma +_{s=1}^{m1}\frac{z_{m+s1,n}}{z_{2m1,n}}x_s)\end{array}$$
$`3.5`$
Since $`z_{2m1,n}<0`$, the quadratic form (3.5) contains $`m`$ negative squares. Lemma 2.2 is proved.

2. The following statement will be used further.

###### Lemma 3.2

The sequence $`\mathrm{\Phi }^{(n)}=(\gamma ^{(n)},\rho ^{(n)},\phi ^{(n)})`$ strongly converges to zero if and only if

$$\mathrm{\Phi }^{(n)}_1=\underset{s}{\mathrm{max}}[\phi ^{(n)},|\gamma _s^{(n)}|,|\rho _s^{(n)}|]$$
$`3.6`$
tends to zero.

###### Demonstration Proof

First of all, prove the statement for the special choice of the subspace $`_m`$ entering to the definition of the norm (2.6). Denote by $`^{(0)}`$ the subspace of the space $``$, which consists of all vectors of the form $`(\gamma ,\rho ,0)`$. The quadratic form $`<\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Phi }>`$, considered on $`^{(0)}`$, contains $`m`$ negative squares, so that for some subspace $`_m^{(0)}`$ it is negatively definite. Consider the Hilbert inner product (2.6) corresponding to $`_m`$. It has the structure

$$\underset{sl=1}{\overset{2m}{}}x_s^{}M_{sl}x_l+(\phi ,\phi ).$$
$`3.7`$
where $`x_1=\gamma _1`$, …, $`x_m=\gamma _m`$, $`x_{m+1}=\rho _1`$, …, $`x_{2m}=\rho _m`$, $`M_{sl}`$ is a some matrix. Since the inner product (3.7) is positively definite, the matrix $`M_{sl}`$ is also positively definite.

Thus, $`\mathrm{\Phi }^{(n)}`$ strongly converges to zero if and only if $`\phi ^{(n)}`$ tends to zero and $`x^{(n)}_M=\sqrt{_{sl=1}^{2m}x_s^{(n)}M_{sl}x_l^{(n)}}0`$. Since all norms in finite-dimensional space are equivalent, the latter property is equivalent to $`max|x_s^{(n)}|0`$. Since all norms of the type (2.5) in the Pontriagin space are equivalent, we obtain the statement of the lemma for arbitrary choice of $`_m`$. Lemma is proved.

###### Corollary

For some $`A_1`$ the following property is satisfied: $`A_1^1\mathrm{\Phi }_1\mathrm{\Phi }A_1\mathrm{\Phi }_1`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

Suppose that statement of corollary is not satisfied. Then it is possible to choose a sequence $`\mathrm{\Phi }^{(n)}`$ which obeys one of the following properties:

$$\frac{\mathrm{\Phi }^{(n)}_1}{\mathrm{\Phi }^{(n)}}_n\mathrm{}0,\frac{\mathrm{\Phi }^{(n)}}{\mathrm{\Phi }^{(n)}_1}_n\mathrm{}0.$$

For definiteness, consider the first case. Consider the sequence $`\mathrm{\Psi }^{(n)}=\frac{\mathrm{\Phi }^{(n)}}{\sqrt{\mathrm{\Phi }^{(n)}\mathrm{\Phi }^{(n)}_1}}`$, tending to zero in the $`||||_1`$-norm and to infinity in the $`||||`$-norm. This contradicts to lemma 3.2. Corollary is proved.

Consider the operator $`Q_n:_n`$ of the form $`Q_n:(c_n^0,\mathrm{},c_n^{k2},\psi _n)(\gamma _n,\rho _n,\phi _n)`$,

$$\begin{array}{c}\phi _n=\psi _n+_{j=0}^{m1}c_n^j\widehat{T}^{j1}\chi _n,\\ \gamma _n^j=c_n^{j1},j=\overline{1,m},\\ \rho _n^j=(\widehat{T}^j\chi _n,\phi _n)z_{m+j.n}c_n^m\mathrm{}z_{2m,n}c_n^{2mj}.\end{array}$$
$`3.8`$
Introduce in $``$ an additional indefinite inner product:

$$<\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Phi }>_n=\underset{su=1}{\overset{m}{}}\gamma _s^{}\gamma _ug_{s+u}^{(n)}\underset{s=1}{\overset{m}{}}(\gamma _s^{}\rho _s\gamma _s\rho _s^{})+(\phi ,\phi ),$$
$`3.9`$
where

$$g_l^{(n)}=(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^l\chi _n)+z_{l1,n}.$$
$`3.10`$
###### Lemma 3.3

The following property $`<\mathrm{\Phi }_n,\mathrm{\Psi }_n>=<Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n,Q_n\mathrm{\Psi }_n>_n`$, is satisfied for $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n,\mathrm{\Psi }_n_n`$.

To prove lemma 3.3, it is sufficient to substitute formulas (3.8) to the inner product (2.2).

###### Corollary

Let $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n,\mathrm{\Psi }_n_n`$ be such sequences that $`Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_nC`$, $`Q_n\mathrm{\Psi }_nC`$ for some $`C`$. Then $`<Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n,Q_n\mathrm{\Psi }_n><\mathrm{\Phi }_n,\mathrm{\Psi }_n>_n\mathrm{}0`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

Denote $`Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n=X_n=(\gamma _n,\rho _n,\phi _n)`$, $`Q_n\mathrm{\Psi }_n=\stackrel{~}{X}_n=(\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_n,\stackrel{~}{\rho }_n,\stackrel{~}{\phi }_n)`$. Statement of the corollary means that

$$\underset{su=1}{\overset{m}{}}\gamma _{n,s}^{}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,u}(g_{s+u}^{(n)}g_{s+u})_n\mathrm{}0.$$

This property is a corollary of lemma 3.2. Corollary is proved.

###### Lemma 3.4

For some quantity $`C`$ that does not depend on $`n`$, $`\mathrm{\Phi }`$ and $`\mathrm{\Psi }`$ the estimation $`|<\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Psi }>_n|C||\mathrm{\Phi }||||\mathrm{\Psi }||`$ is satisfied.

###### Demonstration Proof

Let $`\mathrm{\Phi }=(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )`$, $`\mathrm{\Psi }=(\stackrel{~}{\gamma },\stackrel{~}{\rho },\stackrel{~}{\phi })`$. It follows from (3.9) that

$$\begin{array}{c}|<\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Psi }>_n|_{su=1}^m(|\gamma _s||\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_u||g_{s+u}^{(n)}|+|\gamma _s||\stackrel{~}{\rho }_s|+|\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_s||\rho _s|)+||\phi ||||\stackrel{~}{\phi }||\\ _{su=1}^m\mathrm{\Phi }_1\mathrm{\Psi }_1(g_{s+u}^{(n)}+2)+\mathrm{\Phi }_1\mathrm{\Psi }_1\\ A_1^2\mathrm{\Phi }\mathrm{\Psi }(_{su=1}^m|g_{s+u}^{(n)}|+2m^2+1).\end{array}$$

Since the sequences $`g_{s+u}^{(n)}`$ are convergent, they are bounded. We obtain statement of the lemma.

###### Corollary

Let $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n,\mathrm{\Psi }_n`$. Then the following estimation is satisfied: $`|<\mathrm{\Phi }_n,\mathrm{\Psi }_n>|C||Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n||||Q_n\mathrm{\Psi }_n||`$.

Let us check that the sequence of the operators $`Q_nP_n:`$ strongly converges to 1. Justify the following statement.

###### Lemma 3.5

Let $`\xi `$ and $`\widehat{T}^{1/2}\theta (b\widehat{T})\xi C`$ for some $`b`$-independent quantity $`C`$. Then $`\xi ^1`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

Consider the sequence $`\xi _n=\theta (n\widehat{T})\xi `$. Suppose it to be not fundamental in $`^1`$. Then for some $`\epsilon >0`$ there exists such an increasing sequence $`n_1,n_2,n_3,\mathrm{}`$ that $`\xi _{n_{2s}}\xi _{n_{2s1}}_^1=I_{[n_{2s1},n_{2s}]}(\widehat{T})\xi _^1>\epsilon `$ (here $`I_{[m,n]}(\lambda )=1`$ at $`\lambda [m,n]`$ and $`I_{[m,n]}(\lambda )=0`$ at $`\lambda [m,n]`$). Therefore,

$$(\xi ,\widehat{T}\theta (n_{2l}\widehat{T})\xi )\underset{s=1}{\overset{l}{}}(\xi ,\widehat{T}I_{[n_{2s1},n_{2s}]}(\widehat{T})\xi )\epsilon l.$$

For $`l>C/\epsilon `$, we obtain a contradiction with the conditions of lemma. Therefore, $`\xi =lim_n\mathrm{}\xi _n^1`$. Lemma 3.5 is proved.

###### Corollary

Let $`\chi ^{k1}`$ and $`\widehat{T}^{k/2}\theta (b\widehat{T})\chi C`$. Then $`\chi ^k`$ for some $`b`$-independent quantity $`C`$.

Lemma 3.5 implies the following statement.

###### Lemma 3.6

1. The sequence $`\widehat{T}^{k/2}\chi _n`$ tends to infinity as $`n\mathrm{}`$.

2. The sequence of elements of $``$ of the form $`\frac{\widehat{T}^{k/2}\chi _n}{\widehat{T}^{k/2}\chi _n}`$ weakly converges to zero as $`n\mathrm{}`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

1. Suppose that the sequence $`\widehat{T}^{k/2}\chi _n`$ does not tend to infinity. Choose from it the bounded subsequence $`\widehat{T}^{k/2}\chi _{n_j}C`$. One has:

$$\widehat{T}^{k/2}\theta (b\widehat{T})\chi _{n_j}\widehat{T}^{k/2}\chi _{n_j}C.$$

Consider the limit of the left-hand side as $`j\mathrm{}`$. Use the fact that the operator $`\widehat{T}^{1/2}\theta (b\widehat{T})`$ is bounded. We obtain: $`\widehat{T}^{k/2}\theta (b\widehat{T})\chi C`$. It follows form lemma 3.5 and property $`\widehat{T}^{\frac{k+1}{2}}\chi `$ that $`\widehat{T}^{\frac{k}{2}}\chi `$, so that $`\chi ^k`$. This contradicts to the condition $`\chi ^{k1}^k`$.

2. Denote $`\eta _n=\frac{\widehat{T}^{k/2}\chi _n}{\widehat{T}^{k/2}\chi _n}`$. If $`\xi D(\widehat{T}^{1/2})`$, one has:

$$(\eta _n,\xi )=\frac{(\widehat{T}^{\frac{k+1}{2}}\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{1/2}\xi )}{\widehat{T}^{k/2}\chi _n}_n\mathrm{}0,$$

since $`(\widehat{T}^{\frac{k+1}{2}}\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{1/2}\xi )_n\mathrm{}(\widehat{T}^{\frac{k+1}{2}}\chi ,\widehat{T}^{1/2}\xi )\mathrm{}`$, $`\widehat{T}^{k/2}\chi _n_n\mathrm{}\mathrm{}`$. Thus, the sequence $`\eta _n`$, $`n=1,2,\mathrm{}`$ of the elements of the unit sphere in $``$ weakly converges to zero on dense subset of $``$. Therefore , the sequence $`\eta _n`$ weakly converges to zero. Lemma 3.6 is proved.

Lemma 3.6 implies that $`z_{s,n}<0`$ for sufficiently large $`n`$.

###### Corollary 1

Let $`\mathrm{\Phi }`$. The following property is satisfied: $`Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n\mathrm{}\mathrm{\Phi }`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

It follows from the definitions of the operators $`Q_n`$ and $`P_n`$ (3.8) and (2.4) that $`Q_nP_n(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )=(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi _n)`$, where $`\phi _n=\phi `$ for odd values of $`k`$ and

$$\phi _n=\phi +\frac{\widehat{T}^m\chi _n[\rho _m(\widehat{T}^m\chi _n,\phi )]}{(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{2m}\chi _n)}$$

for $`k=2m`$. It follows from lemma 3.5 that $`\phi _n`$ strongly converges to $`\phi `$ as $`n\mathrm{}`$. Lemma 3.6 is proved.

###### Corollary 2

The sequence $`Q_nP_n`$ is uniformly bounded.

###### Demonstration

Namely, any strongly convergent sequence is uniformly bounded .

###### Demonstration Proof of lemma 2.5

Let $`\mathrm{\Phi }`$. It follows from lemma 3.6 that the sequence $`Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }`$ is bounded. Corollary of lemma 3.4 tells us that

$$<P_n\mathrm{\Phi },P_n\mathrm{\Phi }><Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi },Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }>_n\mathrm{}0.$$

It follows from lemma 3.6 that $`<Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi },Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }>_n\mathrm{}<\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Phi }>`$. We obtain statement of lemma 2.5.

3. Let us obtain the commutation rule between operator $`Q_n`$ and resolvent of the operator $`\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n`$.

Denote by $`\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )`$ the operator in $``$ that takes the set

$`(\gamma _{n,1},\mathrm{},\gamma _{n,m},\rho _{n,1},\mathrm{},\rho _{n,m},\phi _n)`$, $`\gamma _{n,s},\rho _{n,s}`$, $`\phi _n`$, to the set

$`(\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,1},\mathrm{},\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,m},\stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,1},\mathrm{},\stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,m},\stackrel{~}{\phi }_n)`$, which is specified from the relations

$$\begin{array}{c}\gamma _{n,s}=\lambda \stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,s}+\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,s+1},s=\overline{1,m1}.\\ \gamma _{n,m}=\lambda \stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,m}+\stackrel{~}{c}_n^m,\\ \phi _n=(\widehat{T}+\lambda )\stackrel{~}{\phi }_n+\stackrel{~}{c}_n^m\widehat{T}^m\chi _n,\\ \rho _{n,j}=\stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,j1}+\lambda \stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,j}+g_{j+m}^{(n)}\stackrel{~}{c}_n^m,j=\overline{2,m},\\ \stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,m}=(\widehat{T}^m\chi _n,\stackrel{~}{\phi }_n)z_{2m,n}\stackrel{~}{c}_n^m,\\ g_1^{(n)}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,1}+\mathrm{}+g_m^{(n)}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,m}+g_{m+1}^{(n)}\stackrel{~}{c}_n^m=\rho _{n,1}\lambda \stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,1},\end{array}$$
$`3.11`$
where $`g_n^{(s)}`$ has the form (3.10).

###### Lemma 3.7

The following property is satisfied: $`Q_n(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1=\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )Q_n`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

Let $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n=(c_n^0,\mathrm{},c_n^{k2},\psi _n)_n`$, $`\stackrel{~}{\mathrm{\Phi }}_n=(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1\mathrm{\Phi }_n=(\stackrel{~}{c}_n^0,\mathrm{},\stackrel{~}{c}_n^{k2},\stackrel{~}{\psi }_n)_n`$. Denote

$$\begin{array}{c}Q_n\stackrel{~}{\mathrm{\Phi }}_n=(\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,1},\mathrm{},\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,m},\stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,1},\mathrm{},\stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,m},\stackrel{~}{\phi }_n),\\ Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n=(\gamma _{n,1},\mathrm{},\gamma _{n,m},\rho _{n,1},\mathrm{},\rho _{n,m},\phi _n).\end{array}$$

Check that $`Q_n\stackrel{~}{\mathrm{\Phi }}_n=\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n`$. It follows from definitions of operators $`\widehat{Z}_n`$ and $`\widehat{H}_n`$ that

$$\begin{array}{c}c_n^0=\lambda \stackrel{~}{c}_n^0+\stackrel{~}{c}_n^1,\\ \mathrm{},\\ c_n^{k3}=\lambda \stackrel{~}{c}_n^{k3}+\stackrel{~}{c}_n^{k2},\\ z_{k1,n}c_n^{k2}=\lambda z_{k1,n}\stackrel{~}{c}_n^{k2}+(\chi _n,\stackrel{~}{\psi }_n)z_{0,n}\stackrel{~}{c}_n^0\mathrm{}z_{k2,n}\stackrel{~}{c}_n^{k2},\\ \psi _n=\lambda \stackrel{~}{\psi }_n+\widehat{T}\stackrel{~}{\psi }_n+\stackrel{~}{c}_n^0\chi _n.\end{array}$$
$`3.12`$
Formulas (3.8) imply 3 first equations of the system (3.11). We obtain the 4-th and the 5-th equation form formulas for $`\rho `$ and $`\stackrel{~}{\rho }`$. The last equation is a corollary of eqs.(3.12). Lemma 3.7 is proved.

Denote

$$\begin{array}{c}a_n(\lambda )=_{s=1}^{2m+1}g_s^{(n)}(\lambda )^{s12m}\lambda (\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{2m1}(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n),\\ a(\lambda )=lim_n\mathrm{}a_n(\lambda )=_{s=1}^{2m+1}g_s(\lambda )^{s12m}\lambda (\chi ,\widehat{T}^{2m1}(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi ).\end{array}$$
$`3.13`$
###### Lemma 3.8

Under condition $`a_n(\lambda )0`$, the quantities $`\stackrel{~}{\gamma }`$, $`\stackrel{~}{\rho }`$, $`\stackrel{~}{\phi }`$ are defined uniquely form the system (3.11). Under condition $`a(\lambda )0`$ the sequence of operators $`\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )`$ being defined for $`nn_0`$ is strongly convergent as $`n\mathrm{}`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

Let $`(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )`$. Set $`\gamma _n=\gamma `$, $`\rho _n=\rho `$, $`\phi _n=\phi `$, $`\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )=(\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_n,\stackrel{~}{\rho }_n,\stackrel{~}{\phi }_n)`$. It follows from (3.11) that $`\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,1}`$ has the form:

$$\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,1}=(a_n(\lambda )(\lambda )^{2m})^1B_n(\lambda ),$$
$`3.14`$
where

$$\begin{array}{c}B_n(\lambda )=_{s=1}^mg_s^{(n)}_{j=0}^{s2}(\lambda )^j\gamma _{n,sj1}+_{j=0}^{m1}(\lambda )^j\rho _{n,j+1}+\\ (\lambda )^m((\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\widehat{T}^m\chi _n,\phi _n)(_{j=0}^{m1}(\lambda )^jg_{m+j+1}^{(n)}+\\ (\lambda )^m(z_{2m,n}+(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{2m}(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n))_{j=0}^{m1}(\lambda )^j\gamma _{n,mj}.\end{array}$$

For $`a_n(\lambda )0`$, $`\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,1}`$ is not defined. For this case, other components of the vector $`\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_n`$, vectors $`\stackrel{~}{\rho }_n`$ and $`\stackrel{~}{\phi }_n`$ are defined uniquely from system (3.11).

For $`a(\lambda )0`$, the sequence $`\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,1}`$ is convergent. We prove by induction that the sequences

$$\begin{array}{c}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,s}=_{j=0}^{s2}(\lambda )^j\gamma _{sj1}+(\lambda )^{s1}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,1},\\ \stackrel{~}{c}_n^m=_{j=0}^{m1}(\lambda )^j\gamma _{n,mj}+(\lambda )^m\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,1}\end{array}$$
$`3.15`$
are also convergent as $`n\mathrm{}`$. Therefore, the sequence for elements $``$ of the form

$$\stackrel{~}{\phi }_n=(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\phi \stackrel{~}{c}_n^m\widehat{T}^m(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n$$
$`3.16`$
is also strongly convergent as $`n\mathrm{}`$. The sequence $`\stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,m}`$ is taken to the form

$$\stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,m}=((\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\widehat{T}^m\chi _n,\phi )\stackrel{~}{c}_n^m[z_{2m,n}+(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{2m}(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n)]$$
$`3.17`$
and has a limit as $`n\mathrm{}`$. Therefore, sequences

$$\stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,ms}=\underset{j=0}{\overset{s1}{}}\rho _{n,msj1}(\lambda )^j+(\lambda )^s\stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,m}\underset{j=0}{\overset{s1}{}}g_{2ms+j+1}^{(n)}(\lambda )^j\stackrel{~}{c}_n^m$$
$`3.18`$
are convergent. Therefore, the sequence $`(\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_n,\stackrel{~}{\rho }_n,\stackrel{~}{\phi }_n)`$ is convergent in the $`||||_1`$-norm. Because of corollary of lemma 3.2, it is convergent in the norm $`||||`$. Lemma is proved.

Denote $`R(\lambda )=lim_n\mathrm{}\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )`$. It follows from proof of lemma 3.8 that $`R(\lambda )`$ is a bounded operator.

We will use further

###### Lemma 3.9

Let $`A_n:`$, $`n=1,2,\mathrm{}`$ be a strongly convergent as $`n\mathrm{}`$ sequence of operators, $`A_n_n\mathrm{}A`$ and $`A_nQ_n=0`$. Then $`A=0`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

It follows form the condition of lemma that $`A_nQ_nP_n=0`$. Lemma 3.6 implies that the sequence of operators $`Q_nP_n:`$ is strongly convergent to 1, so that $`A_nQ_nP_n_n\mathrm{}A`$ in a strong sense. Therefore, $`A=0`$.

###### Lemma 3.10

Let $`a(\lambda )0`$, $`a(\mu )0`$. Then

$$R(\lambda )R(\mu )=(\mu \lambda )R(\lambda )R(\mu ).$$
$`3.19`$
###### Demonstration Proof

Consider the following sequence of operators $`A_n`$: $`A_n=\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\mu )+(\lambda \mu )\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\mu )`$. It satisfies the property $`A_nQ_n=0`$ and strongly converges as $`n\mathrm{}`$ to $`R(\lambda )R(\mu )+(\lambda \mu )R(\lambda )R(\mu )`$. We obtain statement of lemma.

###### Lemma 3.11

Under condition $`a(\lambda )0`$ the following property is satisfied:

$$R(\lambda )=(\lambda +\widehat{H})^1.$$
$`3.20`$
###### Demonstration Proof

Justify that for $`\lambda =0`$ the operator $`R(\lambda )`$ coincides with the operator $`\widehat{H}^1`$ defined in section 2. Find an explicit form of $`\widehat{H}^1`$. It follows from (2.1) that

$$\widehat{H}^1[\underset{l=1}{\overset{2m}{}}c_l\widehat{T}^l\chi +\psi _{reg}]=\alpha a\widehat{T}^1\chi +\underset{l=1}{\overset{2m}{}}c_l\widehat{T}^{l1}\chi +\widehat{T}^1\psi _{reg}.$$

where $`a=<\widehat{T}^1\chi ,_{l=1}^{2m}c_l\widehat{T}^l\chi +\psi _{reg}>`$.

Denote $`I[_{l=1}^{2m}c_l\widehat{T}^l\chi +\psi _{reg}]=(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )`$, $`I[_{l=1}^{2m}\alpha a\widehat{T}^1\chi +c_l\widehat{T}^{l1}\chi +\widehat{T}^1\psi _{reg}]=(\stackrel{~}{\gamma },\stackrel{~}{\rho },\stackrel{~}{\phi })`$. One has:

$$\begin{array}{c}\stackrel{~}{\phi }=\gamma _m\widehat{T}^{m1}\chi +\widehat{T}^1\phi ,\\ \stackrel{~}{\gamma }_1=\alpha a,\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_2=\gamma _1,,\mathrm{},\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_m=\gamma _{m1},\\ \stackrel{~}{\rho }_s=(\chi ,\widehat{T}^{ms1}\chi )_{reg}\gamma _m+\rho _{s+1},s=\overline{1,m1},\\ \stackrel{~}{\rho }_m=(\chi ,\widehat{T}^{2m1}\chi )_{reg}\gamma _m+(\widehat{T}^{m1}\chi ,\phi ).\end{array}$$
$`3.21`$
The formula (3.14) can be presented in the following form as $`n\mathrm{}`$: $`\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_1=g_1^1(\rho _1_{s=0}^mg_{s+1}\gamma _s)`$, For the case $`\alpha =g_1^1`$ it coincides with $`\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_1=\alpha a`$. Formulas (3.15) - (3.18) also coincide with (3.21). Therefore, property (3.20) is satisfied as $`\lambda =0`$. It follows from (3.19) that $`R(\lambda )`$ is a pseudoresolvent , Therefore, property (3.20) is satisfied for all $`\lambda `$ obeying the condition $`a(\lambda )0`$.

###### Lemma 3.12

Under condition $`a(\lambda )0`$ the following property is satisfied:

$$\begin{array}{c}<(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n\mathrm{\Phi },(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n\mathrm{\Psi }>_n\mathrm{}\\ <(\widehat{H}+\lambda )^1\mathrm{\Phi },(\widehat{H}+\lambda )^1\mathrm{\Psi }>,\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Psi }.\end{array}$$

###### Demonstration Proof

Check that the conditions of the corollary of lemma 3.3 are satisfied. Namely, for $`\mathrm{\Phi }`$ one has

$$\begin{array}{c}||Q_n\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n\mathrm{\Phi }||=||(\widehat{H}+\lambda )^1Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }||\\ (\widehat{H}+\lambda )^1\mathrm{max}_nQ_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }C.\end{array}$$

An analogous property is correct for $`\mathrm{\Psi }`$ also. Therefore,

$$\begin{array}{c}<(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n\mathrm{\Phi },(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n\mathrm{\Psi }>\\ <(\widehat{H}+\lambda )^1Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi },(\widehat{H}+\lambda )^1Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Psi }>_n\mathrm{}0.\end{array}$$

The properties $`Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }\mathrm{\Phi }`$, $`Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Psi }\mathrm{\Psi }`$ imply the statement of the lemma.

###### Demonstration Proof of lemma 2.6

Choose such a basis $`e_1,\mathrm{},e_m`$ in $`_m`$ that obeys the condition $`<e_i,e_j>=\delta _{ij}`$. To prove negative definiteness of the inner product on $`_m^n=(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n(\widehat{H}+\lambda )_m`$, it is sufficient to check the positive definiteness of the matrix

$$A_{ij}^{(n)}=<(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n(\widehat{H}+\lambda )e_i,(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n(\widehat{H}+\lambda )e_j>,$$
$`3.22`$
Its components tend to the components of the unit matrix according to lemma 3.12. At sufficiently large $`n`$ $`A^{(n)}1<1/2`$, so that

$$\begin{array}{c}(\xi ,A^{(n)}\xi )\frac{1}{2}(\xi ,\xi )=\frac{1}{2}(\xi ,\xi )+(\xi ,(A^{(n)}1)\xi )\\ \frac{1}{2}\xi ^2A^{(n)}1\xi ^20.\end{array}$$

Positive definiteness of the inner product $`<\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Phi }>_{_m^n}`$ is a corollary of general results of . Lemma 2.6 is proved.

###### Lemma 3.13

Let $`|<P_n\mathrm{\Phi },P_n\mathrm{\Phi }>|B_1||\mathrm{\Phi }||^2`$ for some constant $`B_1`$, $`<(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_ne_i,P_n\mathrm{\Phi }>|C_i||\mathrm{\Phi }||`$, $`i=\overline{1,m}`$ for some $`C_1,\mathrm{},C_m`$. Then $`P_na`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

It follows from formula (2.5) that:

$$\begin{array}{c}||P_n\mathrm{\Phi }||^2=<P_n\mathrm{\Phi },P_n\mathrm{\Phi }>_{_m^n}=<P_n\mathrm{\Phi },P_n\mathrm{\Phi }>\\ +2_{ij=1}^m<P_n\mathrm{\Phi },(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_ne_i>M_{ij}^{(n)}\\ \times <(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_ne_j,P_n\mathrm{\Phi }>,\end{array}$$

where $`M^{(n)}`$ is a matrix being inverse to (3.22). It follows form the conditions of lemma that

$$P_n\mathrm{\Phi }^2(B_1+2\underset{ij=1}{\overset{m}{}}C_iM_{ij}^{(n)}C_j)\mathrm{\Phi }^2(B_1+2\underset{n}{sup}M^{(n)}C^2)\mathrm{\Phi }^2.$$

We obtain statement of lemma 3.13.

###### Demonstration Proof of lemma 2.7

Check that conditions of lemma 3.13 are satisfied. Use the corollary of lemma 3.4.

$$\begin{array}{c}|<P_n\mathrm{\Phi },P_n\mathrm{\Phi }>|C(sup_n||Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }||^2C_1,\\ |(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_ne_i,P_n\mathrm{\Phi }>|\\ Csup_nQ_n(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_ne_isup_nQ_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }\\ C(H+\lambda )^1(sup_nQ_nP_n)^2(H+\lambda )e_i\mathrm{\Phi }.\end{array}$$

Lemma 2.7 is proved.

###### Lemma 3.14

$`\mathrm{\Phi }_nA_3Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n`$ for some constant $`A_3`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

One has:

$$\begin{array}{c}||\mathrm{\Phi }_n||^2=<\mathrm{\Phi }_n,\mathrm{\Phi }_n>+\\ 2_{ij=1}^m<\mathrm{\Phi }_n,(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_ne_i>M_{ij}^{(n)}<(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_ne_j,\mathrm{\Phi }_n>,\end{array}$$

It follows form lemma 3.4 that

$$\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{\Phi }_n^2CQ_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n^2+\\ 2_{ij=1}^m|M_{ij}^{(n)}|C^2Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n^2\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )^2Q_nP_n^2(\widehat{H}+\lambda )e_i(\widehat{H}+\lambda )e_j.\end{array}$$

We obtain statement of lemma.

###### Lemma 3.15

Let the condition $`a(\lambda )0`$ be satisfied. Then the sequence of operators $`(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1:_n_n`$ is $`\{P_n\}`$-strongly convergent to the operator $`(\widehat{H}+\lambda )^1:`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

It is sufficient to check that for any $`\mathrm{\Phi }`$

$$(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n\mathrm{\Phi }P_n(\widehat{H}+\lambda )^1\mathrm{\Phi }_n\mathrm{}0.$$

It follows from lemma 3.14 that $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n0`$, provided that $`Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n0`$. It is sufficient to prove then that

$$Q_n(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}+\lambda )^1P_n\mathrm{\Phi }Q_nP_n(\widehat{H}+\lambda )^1\mathrm{\Phi }_n\mathrm{}0.$$

This property is a corollary of the relation

$$\begin{array}{c}Q_n(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n\mathrm{\Phi }=\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n\mathrm{}(H+\lambda )^1\mathrm{\Phi }.\\ Q_nP_n(\widehat{H}+\lambda )^1\mathrm{\Phi }_n\mathrm{}(\widehat{H}+\lambda )^1\mathrm{\Phi }.\end{array}$$

Lemma 3.15 is proved.

###### Lemma 3.16

For some constant $`A_2`$ the estimation $`Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_nA_2\mathrm{\Phi }_n`$ is satisfied.

###### Demonstration Proof

Since the norm of the operator $`J`$ entering to eq.(2.5) is equal to 1, the following estimation is satisfied for the indefinite inner product:

$$|<\mathrm{\Phi }_n,\mathrm{\Psi }_n>|||\mathrm{\Phi }_n||||\mathrm{\Psi }_n||,\mathrm{\Psi }_n,\mathrm{\Phi }_n_n.$$

Therefore,

$$|<\mathrm{\Phi }_n,\mathrm{\Phi }_n>|||\mathrm{\Phi }_n||^2,|<\mathrm{\Phi }_n,P_n\mathrm{\Phi }>|a||\mathrm{\Phi }_n||||\mathrm{\Phi }||.$$
$`3.23`$
for all $`\mathrm{\Phi }`$, $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n_n`$. Lemma 3.3 implies that property (3.23) can be presented as

$$\begin{array}{c}|<Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n,Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n>_n|||\mathrm{\Phi }_n||^2,\\ |<Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n,Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }>_n|a||\mathrm{\Phi }_n||||\mathrm{\Phi }||.\end{array}$$
$`3.24`$
Choose $`\mathrm{\Phi }=(\stackrel{~}{\gamma },\stackrel{~}{\rho },0)`$. Then $`Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }=\mathrm{\Phi }`$. Denote $`Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n=(\gamma _n,\rho _n,\phi _n)`$. It follows from the second property (3.24) that:

$$|\underset{su=1}{\overset{m}{}}\gamma _{n,s}^{}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_ug_{s+u}^{(n)}\underset{s=1}{\overset{m}{}}(\gamma _{n,s}^{}\stackrel{~}{\rho }_s+\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_s\rho _{n,s}^{})|a(\stackrel{~}{\gamma },\stackrel{~}{\rho },0)\mathrm{\Phi }_n.$$

Choose $`\stackrel{~}{\rho }_s^{(l)}=\delta _{sl}`$, $`\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_s=0`$. For different $`l`$ we obtain:

$$|\gamma _{n,s}|a\underset{l}{\mathrm{max}}(0,\stackrel{~}{\rho }^{(l)},0)\mathrm{\Phi }_nC_1\mathrm{\Phi }_n$$

for some constant $`C_1`$. Analogously, $`|\rho _{n,s}_{u=1}^m\gamma _{n,s}g_{s+u}^{(n)}|C_2\mathrm{\Phi }_n`$ for some constant $`C_2`$. Therefore,

$$|\rho _{n,s}|C_3\mathrm{\Phi }_n.$$

It follows from the first inequality (3.24) that:

$$\begin{array}{c}|(\phi _n,\phi _n)||_{su=1}^m\gamma _{n,s}^{}\gamma _{n,m}g_{s+u}^{(n)}|+\\ |_{s=1}^m(\gamma _{n,s}^{}\rho _{n,s}+\rho _{n,s}^{}\gamma _{n,s})|+\mathrm{\Phi }_n^2C_4\mathrm{\Phi }_n^2.\end{array}$$

Therefore, $`\phi _nC_4^{1/2}\mathrm{\Phi }_n`$. For norm (3.6) of the vector $`Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n`$, the following estimation is satisfied: $`Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n_1C\mathrm{\Phi }_n`$. Making use of the corollary of lemma 3.2, we obtain statement of lemma 3.16.

###### Lemma 3.17

The sequence $`\{\mathrm{\Phi }_n\}`$ is of the class $`[\mathrm{\Phi }]`$ if and only if $`Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n\mathrm{\Phi }`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

The condition $`\{\mathrm{\Phi }_n\}[\mathrm{\Phi }]`$ means that $`\mathrm{\Phi }_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }0`$. It follows from lemmas 3.15 and 3.17 that it is equivalent to

$$Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_nQ_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }0.$$
$`3.25`$
Since $`Q_nP_n\mathrm{\Phi }\mathrm{\Phi }0`$ according to lemma 3.6, the condition (3.25) is equivalent to $`Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }\mathrm{\Phi }`$. Lemma 3.17 is proved.

Lemma 3.17 implies lemma 2.8.

## 4. Some properties of solutions of evolution equations

This section deals with investigations of the properties of evolution operators for eqs.(1.5), (1.8), (1.10), (1.11), (1.12), (1.13). Lemmas 2.3, 2.4 and first parts of theorems 2,3 are proved.

1. Investigate properties of the operators entering to the right-hand sides of evolution equations. As usual, we call operators which are self-adjoint with respect to the indefinite inner product in $``$ or $`_n`$ as $`J`$-self-adjoint operators, while operators being self-adjoint with respect to the inner product $`<,>__m`$ or $`<,>_{_m^n}`$ will be called $`H`$-self-adjoint.

###### Lemma 4.1

The operators $`\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n`$ and $`H`$ are $`J`$-self-adjoint.

###### Demonstration Proof

It follows from  that it is sufficient to check that the bounded operator $`(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1`$ is $`J`$-self-adjoint for some real $`\lambda `$. Lemmas 3.3 and 3.7 imply that this property is equivalent to selfadjointness of the operator $`\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda ):(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )(\stackrel{~}{\gamma },\stackrel{~}{\rho },\stackrel{~}{\phi })`$ with respect to the inner product $`<,>_n`$. To justify the latter property, it is sufficient to check that for all $`\mathrm{\Phi }=(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )`$ the inner product

$$<\mathrm{\Phi },\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )\mathrm{\Phi }>_n=\underset{su=1}{\overset{m}{}}\gamma _s^{}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_ug_{s+u}^{(n)}\underset{s=1}{\overset{m}{}}(\gamma _s^{}\stackrel{~}{\rho }_s+\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_s\rho _s^{})+(\phi ,\stackrel{~}{\phi })$$
$`4.1`$
is real. It follows from (3.11) that:

$$\begin{array}{c}_{su=1}^m\gamma _s^{}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_ug_{s+u}^{(n)}=\lambda _{su=1}^m\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_s^{}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_ug_{s+u}^{(n)}+_{su=1}^mg_{s+u1}^{(n)}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_s^{}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_u+\\ \stackrel{~}{c}_m^{}_{u=1}^mg_{m+u}^{(n)}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_u\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_1^{}_{u=1}^mg_u^{(n)}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_u.\\ _{s=1}^m\gamma _s^{}\stackrel{~}{\rho }_s=_{s=1}^m\lambda \stackrel{~}{\gamma }_s^{}\stackrel{~}{\rho }_s+_{s=1}^{m1}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{s+1}^{}\stackrel{~}{\rho }_s+\stackrel{~}{c}_m^{}\stackrel{~}{\rho }_m.\\ _{s=1}^m\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_s\rho _s^{}=_{s=2}^m\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_s\stackrel{~}{\rho }_{s1}^{}+\lambda _{s=1}^m\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_s\stackrel{~}{\rho }_s^{}+\\ _{s=1}^mg_{m+s}^{(n)}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_s\stackrel{~}{c}_m^{}+\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_1_{u=1}^mg_u^{(n)}\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_u^{}.\\ (\phi ,\stackrel{~}{\phi })=(\stackrel{~}{\phi },(\widehat{T}+\lambda )\stackrel{~}{\phi })+\stackrel{~}{c}_m^{}(\stackrel{~}{\rho }_m+z_{2m,n}\stackrel{~}{c}_m^{}).\end{array}$$

Therefore, expression (4.1) is real.

Self-adjointness of the operator $`H`$ is checked analogously . Lemma 4.1 is proved.

Lemma 4.1 and analog of the theorem for the Pontriagin spaces  imply statements of lemmas 2.3 and 2.4.

###### Lemma 4.2

The operator $`\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n`$ is presented as a sum

$$\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n=H_n^1+H_n^2$$
$`4.2`$
of a $`H`$-self-adjoint operator $`\widehat{H}_n^1`$ and a bounded operator $`\widehat{H}_n^2`$; for some $`n`$-independent quantities $`B_1`$ and $`B_2`$

$$\widehat{H}_n^1B_1,\widehat{H}_n^2B_2.$$
$`4.3`$
The operator $`\widehat{H}`$ is a sum $`\widehat{H}_1+\widehat{H}_2`$ of a $`H`$-self-adjoint operator $`\widehat{H}_1`$ being semi-bounded below and a bounded operator $`\widehat{H}_2`$.

To prove this lemma, let us prove lemmas 4.3-4.7.

###### Lemma 4.3

The function $`f(\lambda )=\lambda (\chi ,\widehat{T}^k(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi )`$ increases and tends to infinity as $`\lambda \mathrm{}`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

Since the operator $`\widehat{T}`$ is positive and self-adjoint, the difference

$$f(\lambda _1)f(\lambda _2)=(\lambda _1\lambda _2)(\chi ,\widehat{T}^{k+1}(\widehat{T}+\lambda _1)^1(\widehat{T}+\lambda _2)^1)\chi )$$

is positive as $`\lambda _1>\lambda _2`$. Thus, $`f`$ increases.

Check that $`f(\lambda )`$ tends to infinity as $`\lambda \mathrm{}`$. Suppose, that $`f(\lambda )<C`$ for some $`C`$. Then the property of positive definiteness of the operator $`\widehat{T}`$ implies that for all $`b`$

$$\lambda (\chi ,\widehat{T}^k\theta (b\widehat{T})(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi )C.$$

Consider the limit $`\lambda \mathrm{}`$. We find: $`(\chi ,\widehat{T}^k\theta (b\widehat{T})\chi )C`$. According to corollary of lemma 3.5, we obtain a contradiction with the condition $`\chi ^k`$. Lemma 4.3 is proved.

###### Lemma 4.4.

For all $`C>0`$ there exist some $`\lambda _0`$ and $`n_0`$ such that for all $`\lambda >\lambda _0`$ and $`n>n_0`$ $`f_n(\lambda )=\lambda (\chi _n,\widehat{T}^k(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n)>C`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

Suppose that for some $`C`$ for all $`\lambda _0`$ and $`n_0`$ there exist such $`\lambda >\lambda _0`$ and $`n>n_0`$ that $`f_n(\lambda )C`$. Analogously to the previous subsection, we justify that the function $`f_n(\lambda )`$ is increasing. This implies that $`f_n(\lambda _0)C`$. Therefore, for some sequence $`n_p\mathrm{}`$ $`f_{n_p}(\lambda _0)C`$. Consider a limit $`p\mathrm{}`$. We find $`f(\lambda _0)C`$ for all $`\lambda _0`$. Lemma 4.4 is proved.

Let $`\mathrm{\Phi }=(\gamma ,\rho ,\phi )`$. Denote $`\stackrel{~}{\mathrm{\Phi }}_n=\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )\mathrm{\Phi }=(\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_n(\lambda ),\stackrel{~}{\rho }_n(\lambda ),\stackrel{~}{\phi }_n(\lambda ))`$. $`\stackrel{~}{\mathrm{\Phi }}_n`$ is determined from the system (3.11).

###### Lemma 4.5

For some constants $`\lambda _0`$, $`n_0`$ and $`A_4`$ for $`\lambda \lambda _0`$ and $`nn_0`$ the operator $`\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )`$ is well-defined and obeys properties:

$$\begin{array}{c}|\stackrel{~}{c}_n^m|A_4\mathrm{\Phi }_1,\\ |\stackrel{~}{c}_n^m|\lambda \widehat{T}^m(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _nA_4\mathrm{\Phi }_1\end{array}$$
$`4.4`$
###### Demonstration Proof

It follows form the system (3.11) that $`\stackrel{~}{c}_n^m=(a_n(\lambda ))^1b_n(\lambda )`$, where $`a_n(\lambda )`$ has the form (3.13), while

$$\begin{array}{c}b_n(\lambda )=(\widehat{T}^m(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n,\phi )+_{s=1}^m(\lambda )^s\rho _{ms+1}+\\ _{s=1}^m_{l=1}^{m+1s}g_s^{(n)}(\lambda )^{lm}\gamma _{s+l1}.\end{array}$$

For some $`A_5`$, the following property is satisfied:

$$|b_n(\lambda )|(\widehat{T}^m(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n+A_5\lambda ^1)\mathrm{\Phi }_1.$$

Obtain an estimation for $`a_n(\lambda )`$.

1. At $`k=2m`$ $`z_{2m,n}=0`$. Lemma 4.4 implies

$$a_n(\lambda )\frac{1}{2}(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{2m}(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n)+\frac{1}{2},$$

for sufficiently large $`\lambda _0`$ and $`n_0`$. Therefore,

$$|b_n(\lambda )/a_n(\lambda )|2A_1\lambda ^1\mathrm{\Phi }_1\frac{2\widehat{T}^m(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n}{(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{2m}(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n)}\mathrm{\Phi }_1.$$

The inequalities $`\widehat{T}^m(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n\widehat{T}^{m1}\chi _nC_1`$, $`\lambda \widehat{T}^m(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n^2(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{2m}(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n)=(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{2m}\widehat{T}(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^2\chi _n)0`$ imply eq.(4.4).

2. Let $`k=2m+1`$. Then

$$\begin{array}{c}(\lambda )^1a_n(\lambda )=_{s=1}^{2m+1}g_s^{(n)}(\lambda )^{s12m}+(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{2m1}(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n)\\ \frac{1}{2}(\chi _n,\widehat{T}^{2m1}(\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n)+\frac{1}{2}.\end{array}$$

We obtain the following inequality: $`|b_n(\lambda )/a_n(\lambda )|\lambda ^1C_2\mathrm{\Phi }_1`$ and eq.(4.4).

Existence of the operator $`\stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )`$ for $`\lambda \lambda _0`$ and $`nn_0`$ is a corollary of the proved property $`a_n(\lambda )0`$. Lemma 4.5 is proved.

###### Lemma 4.6

For some constant $`B_3`$ the following property is satisfied: $`\lambda \stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )_1=sup_\mathrm{\Phi }\frac{\lambda \stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )\mathrm{\Phi }_1}{\mathrm{\Phi }_1}B_3`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

It follows form the second equation of the system (3.11) that $`\lambda |\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,m}|C_1\mathrm{\Phi }_1`$. We obtain from the first equation by induction that $`\lambda |\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_{n,s}|C_1\mathrm{\Phi }_1`$ for $`s=\overline{1,m1}`$. It follows form the positive definiteness of the operator $`\widehat{T}`$ and from the third equation that

$$\begin{array}{c}|\lambda \stackrel{~}{\phi }_n(\lambda )||||\lambda (\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\phi ||+|\stackrel{~}{c}_n^m(\lambda )|||\widehat{T}^m\lambda (\widehat{T}+\lambda )^1\chi _n||\\ \phi +A_4\mathrm{\Phi }_1(A_4+1)\mathrm{\Phi }_1.\end{array}$$

The latter equation of the system (3.11) implies: $`\lambda |\stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,1}|C_3\mathrm{\Phi }_1`$. The 4-th equation implies $`\lambda |\stackrel{~}{\rho }_{n,s}|C_4\mathrm{\Phi }_1`$, $`s=\overline{2,m}`$. We obtain statement of lemma 4.6.

Corollary of lemma 3.2 implies

###### Corollary

For some constant $`B_4`$ the following property is satisfied: $`\lambda \stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )B_4`$.

###### Lemma 4.7

There exist constants $`B_5`$, $`\lambda _0`$ and $`n_0`$ such that for $`\lambda \lambda _0`$ and $`nn_0`$

$$\begin{array}{c}\lambda (\lambda +\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n)^1B_5,\\ \lambda (\lambda +\widehat{H})^1B_5.\end{array}$$
$`4.5`$
###### Demonstration Proof

Lemma 3.11 implies the second property of (4.5). It follows form lemmas 3.14, 3.16 and 3.7 that

$$\begin{array}{c}\lambda (\lambda +\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n)^1=sup_{\mathrm{\Phi }_n_n}\frac{\lambda (\lambda +\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n)^1\mathrm{\Phi }_n}{\mathrm{\Phi }_n}\\ sup_{\mathrm{\Phi }_n_n}\frac{A_3Q_n\lambda (\lambda +\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n)^1\mathrm{\Phi }_n}{A_2Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n}=sup_{\mathrm{\Phi }_n_n}\frac{A_3\lambda \stackrel{~}{R}_n(\lambda )Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n}{A_2Q_n\mathrm{\Phi }_n}B_4A_3/A_2\end{array}$$

Lemma is proved.

###### Demonstration Proof of lemma 4.2

By $`R_n^{}`$ we denote the orthogonal with respect to the inner product (2.2) projector on the subspace $`_m^n`$, by $`R_n^{}`$ denote the orthogonal projector on $`(_m^n)^{}`$. Set

$$\begin{array}{c}H_n^1=R_n^{}\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_nR_n^{},\\ H_n^2=\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_nH_n^1=R_n^{}\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_nR_n^{}+R_n^{}\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_nR_n^{}.\end{array}$$

Check that the operators $`H_1`$ and $`H_2`$ obey the properties (4.3). Since the inner products $`<,>`$ and $`<,>_{_m^n}`$ coincide on $`(_m^n)^{}`$, $`H_1^n`$ is a $`H`$-self-adjoint operator. Find an estimation on the norm of the operator $`H_n^2`$. The operator $`R_n^{}`$ is rewritten as $`R_n^{}=_{ij=1}^me_i^{(n)}<e_j^{(n)},\mathrm{\Phi }_n>M_{ij}^{(n)}`$, where $`M_{ij}^{(n)}`$ is a matrix being inverse to (3.22), $`e_i^{(n)}=(\widehat{Z}_n\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n(\widehat{H}+\lambda )e_i`$. For the norm of the operator $`\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_nR_n^{}`$, we obtain the following estimation:

$$\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_nR_n^{}m^2\underset{ij}{\mathrm{max}}|M_{ij}^{(n)}|\underset{i}{\mathrm{max}}\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_ne_i^{(n)}\underset{i}{\mathrm{max}}e_i^{(n)}.$$
$`4.6`$
Since $`M_{ij}^{(n)}_n\mathrm{}\delta _{ij}`$,

$$\begin{array}{c}\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_ne_i^{(n)}=P_n(H+\lambda )e_i\lambda e_i^{(n)},\\ e_i^{(n)}(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\lambda )^1P_n(H+\lambda )e,\end{array}$$

the quantity (4.6) is bounded uniformly with respect to $`n`$. An analogous estimation can be obtained for norms of the operators $`\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_nR_n^{}`$ $`R_n^{}\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_nR_n^{}`$. Therefore, $`H_n^2B`$.

To check that the operator $`\widehat{H}_n^1`$ is semi-bounded below, present it as a sum of an absolutely convergent in the norm-topology series: $`(\lambda +\widehat{H}_n^1)^1=_{k=0}^{\mathrm{}}(\lambda +\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n)^1(H_n^2(\lambda +\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n)^1)^k`$ provided that $`\lambda BB_5`$ and $`\lambda \lambda _0`$. Namely, for this case the norm of the $`k`$-th term of the series is not larger than $`\frac{B^kB_5^{k+1}}{\lambda ^{k+1}}`$. Therefore, for sufficiently large $`\lambda `$ and $`nn_0`$ the resolvent of the $`H`$-self-adjoint operator $`\widehat{H}_n^1`$ is bounded. Therefore, the spectrum of the operator $`\widehat{H}_n^1`$ is semi-bounded below by an $`n`$-independent quantity. Analogously, we prove statement of lemma 4.2 for the operator $`\widehat{H}`$. Lemma 4.2 is proved.

Without loss of generality, suppose that the quantity $`C`$ entering to lemma 4.2 obeys the property $`C>0`$. Otherwise, one can redefine the operators $`\widehat{H}_n^1`$ and $`\widehat{H}_n^2`$.

Representation (4.2) and results of  imply the following properties of evolution operators for eqs.(1.8) (1.13) on $`[0,t]`$.

###### Lemma 4.8

The following properties are satisfied:

$$\begin{array}{c}e^{it\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n}e^{Bt},e^{itH}e^{Bt}.\\ e^{t\widehat{Z}_n^1H_n}e^{(BC)t},e^{tH}e^{(BC)t}\end{array}$$

###### Demonstration Proof

It was shown in  that if $`T`$ is a generator for a one-parametric semigroup $`e^{Tt}`$ such that

$$e^{Tt}Me^{\beta t},$$
$`4.7`$
while $`A`$ is a bounded operator, then $`T+A`$ is also a generator of a semigroup. Moreover, $`e^{(T+A)t}Me^{(\beta +MA)t}`$. The operator $`i\widehat{H}_n^1`$ for the case of a $`H`$-self-adjoint $`\widehat{H}_n^1`$ is a generator of a one-parametric semigroup of $`H`$-unitary operators. This means that property (4.7) is satisfied for $`M=1`$, $`\beta =0`$. Therefore, $`e^{it\widehat{Z}_n^1H_n}e^{H_n^2t}e^{Bt}`$. The second inequality is checked analogously.

Since the operator $`\widehat{H}_1`$ satisfies the property $`\widehat{H}_1C`$, it is a generator of a one-parametric semigroup, while $`e^{\widehat{H}_n^1t}e^{Ct}`$. We prove lemma 4.8.

Nota also that since $`\widehat{H}_n^1+\widehat{H}_n^2`$ is a generator of a one-parametric semigroup, there exists a unique solution of the Cauchy problems for eqs. (1.13) and (1.11) for $`\mathrm{\Phi }_n(0)D(\widehat{H}_n^1+\widehat{H}_n^2)`$. This solution continuously depends on the initial conditions. Lemma 2.10 is proved.

To prove lemma 2.11, justify some auxiliary statements being analogous to .

Consider the following differential equation in the Banach space $``$

$$\frac{d^2\mathrm{\Phi }}{dt^2}=\widehat{A}\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Phi }(t)D(\widehat{A}),t[0,T].$$
$`4.8`$
with closed operator $`\widehat{A}`$.

###### Definition 4.1

We say that the Cauchy problem for eq.(4.8) is formulated uniformly correct if for all $`\mathrm{\Phi }(0)`$ and $`\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(0)`$ from $`D(\widehat{A})`$ there exists a unique two times continuously differentiable function $`\mathrm{\Phi }(t)D(\widehat{A})`$ satisfying eq.(4.8) and initial conditions. The dependence of $`\mathrm{\Phi }(t)`$ from initial conditions is uniformly continuous.

Define on $`D(A)`$ the operators $`V(t)`$ and $`W(t)`$ from the property (2.8), $`\mathrm{\Phi }(t)=V(t)\mathrm{\Phi }(0)+W(t)\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(0)`$. Denote by $`\dot{V}(t)`$ and $`\dot{W}(t)`$ the operators from $`D(A)`$ to $``$ which are defined from the relation $`\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(t)=\dot{V}(t)\mathrm{\Phi }(0)+\dot{W}(t)\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(0)`$.

Let $``$ be a Hilbert space.

###### Lemma 4.9

Let $`A`$ be a $`H`$-self-adjoint semi-bounded below operator in $``$: $`AC_1>0`$. Then the Cauchy problem for eq.(4.8) is uniformly correct and

$$V(t)1,W(t)1/\sqrt{C_1}.$$
$`4.9`$
###### Demonstration Proof

The function of the form

$$\mathrm{\Phi }(t)=\mathrm{cos}(\sqrt{\widehat{A}}t)\mathrm{\Phi }(0)+\frac{\mathrm{sin}(\sqrt{\widehat{A}}t)}{\sqrt{\widehat{A}}}\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(0)$$
$`4.10`$
is a solution of the Cauchy problem for eq.(4.8) . Prove the property of uniqueness. Let $`\mathrm{\Phi }(0)=0`$, $`\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(0)=0`$. Consider the function $`f(t)=\frac{1}{2}(\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(t),\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(t))+\frac{1}{2}(\mathrm{\Phi }(t),\widehat{A}\mathrm{\Phi }(t))`$. It satisfies the conditions $`f(0)=0`$, $`df/dt=0`$. Therefore, $`f(t)=0`$. Since the operator $`A`$ is semi-bounded below, one has $`(\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }},\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }})=0`$, $`(\mathrm{\Phi },\widehat{A}\mathrm{\Phi })=0`$. Therefore, $`\mathrm{\Phi }=0`$. The property of uniqueness is proved. It follows from the explicit form of solution of eq.(4.10) the property of uniform correctness of the Cauchy problem and relations (4.9). Lemma 4.10 is proved.

Suppose that there exists such $`\zeta `$ that the operator $`(A+\zeta )^1`$ is well-defined.

###### Lemma 4.10

Let the Cauchy problem for eq.(4.8) be uniformly correct. Consider the equation

$$\frac{d^2\mathrm{\Phi }(t)}{dt^2}=\widehat{A}\mathrm{\Phi }(t)+\xi (t),\mathrm{\Phi }(t)D(\widehat{A}),t[0,T].$$
$`4.11`$
where $`\xi (t)D(\widehat{A}^2)`$. $`(\widehat{A}+\zeta )^2\xi (t)`$ is a continuous function on $`[0,T]`$. Then the Cauchy problem for eq.(4.11) has a unique solution of the form:

$$\mathrm{\Phi }(t)=V(t)\mathrm{\Phi }(0)+W(t)\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(0)_0^t𝑑\tau W(t\tau )\xi (\tau ).$$
$`4.12`$
###### Demonstration Proof

The uniqueness is obvious. Let $`\mathrm{\Phi }_1`$ and $`\mathrm{\Phi }_2`$ be two solutions of the Cauchy problem. Then their difference satisfies eq.(4.8) and zero initial condition. It follows from uniform correctness of the Cauchy problem for eq.(4.8) that $`\mathrm{\Phi }_1\mathrm{\Phi }_2=0`$.

To prove lemma, it is sufficient to justify that the function

$$\mathrm{\Phi }(t)=_0^t𝑑\tau W(t\tau )\xi (\tau )$$

obeys eq,(4.11) and zero initial condition. Check that

$$\frac{d\mathrm{\Phi }(t)}{dt}=_0^t𝑑\tau \dot{W}(t\tau )\xi (\tau ).$$
$`4.13`$
Consider the difference

$$\begin{array}{c}\frac{\mathrm{\Phi }(t+\delta t)\mathrm{\Phi }(t)}{\delta t}+\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(t)=\\ _t^{t+\delta t}\frac{d\tau }{\delta t}W(t+\delta t\tau )\xi (\tau )+_0^t𝑑\tau (\frac{W(t+\delta t\tau )W(t\tau )}{\delta t}\dot{W}(t\tau ))\xi (\tau )=\\ _0^1𝑑sW(\delta t(1s))\xi (t+\delta ts)+_0^t𝑑\tau _0^1𝑑s(\dot{W}(t+\delta ts\tau )\dot{W}(t\tau ))\xi (\tau )=\\ _0^1𝑑sW(\delta t(1s))\xi (t)+_0^1𝑑sW(\delta t(1s))(\xi (t+s\delta t)\xi (t))+\\ \delta t_0^t𝑑\tau _0^1𝑑s_0^s𝑑s^{}AW(t+s^{}\delta t\tau )\xi (\tau ).\end{array}$$

The norm of this expression is not larger than

$$\begin{array}{c}_0^1ds||W(\delta t(1s))||(||\xi (t)||+||\xi (t+s\delta t)\xi (t)||+\\ \delta t_0^t𝑑\tau _0^1𝑑s_0^s𝑑s^{}\widehat{A}W(t+s^{}\delta t\tau )\xi (\tau ).\end{array}$$

According to the Lesbegue theorem (see, for example, ) this expression tends to zero as $`\delta t0`$. Therefore, property (4.13) is checked. Initial conditions are obviously satisfied. Check eq.(4.11). One has:

$$\begin{array}{c}\frac{\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(t+\delta t)\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(t)}{\delta t}A\mathrm{\Phi }(t)\xi (t)=_0^1𝑑s(\dot{W}(\delta t(1s))\xi (t+s\delta t)\xi (t))\\ +_0^1𝑑\tau _0^1𝑑s(W(t\tau +s\delta t)+W(t\tau ))\widehat{A}\xi (\tau ).\end{array}$$

According to the Lesbegue theorem, this expression tends to zero. Lemma is proved.

###### Corollary

Let the function $`\xi (t)`$ is continuous on $`[0,T]`$, while the function $`\mathrm{\Phi }(t)`$ is a solution of eq.(4.11). Then formula (4.12) is satisfied.

###### Demonstration Proof

It is sufficient to consider the case if initial conditions vanish: the general case can be reduced to it by the substitution of $`\mathrm{\Phi }(t)`$ by $`\mathrm{\Phi }(t)V(t)\mathrm{\Phi }(0)W(t)\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(0)`$. Consider the function $`v(t)=(\widehat{A}+\zeta )^2\mathrm{\Phi }(t)`$ satisfying the following equation:

$$\frac{d^2v(t)}{dt^2}=\widehat{A}v(t)+(\widehat{A}+\zeta )^2\xi (t),$$

and zero initial condition. Therefore,

$$v(t)=(\widehat{A}+\zeta )^2_0^t𝑑\tau W(t\tau )\xi (\tau ).$$

We obtain statement of corollary.

It happens that the condition that $`(\widehat{A}+\zeta )^2\xi `$ is continuous can be substituted by the condition that $`\xi `$ is two times continuously differentiable.

###### Lemma 4.11.

Let all the conditions of lemma 4.10 be satisfied, except for continuity of $`(\widehat{A}+\zeta )^2\xi `$. Let also the function $`\xi (t)`$ be two times continuously differentiable and $`\xi (0)D(\widehat{A})`$. Then statement of lemma 4.10 is satisfied.

###### Demonstration Proof

The property of uniqueness of the solution of the Cauchy problem is checked analogously to lemma 4.10. Corollary of lemma 4.10 tells us that the solution of the Cauchy problem is given by formula (4.12), provided that it exists. It is sufficient then to check that expression (4.12) satisfies eq.(4.11) and initial condition. It is sufficient to consider the case $`\mathrm{\Phi }(0)=0`$, $`\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(0)=0`$. Denote $`W_1(t)=_0^t𝑑\tau W(\tau )`$, $`W_2(\tau )=_0^\tau W_1(\tau )`$. Substituting $`\xi (t)=\xi (0)+_0^t𝑑\tau \xi (\tau )`$, we find:

$$_0^t𝑑\tau W(t\tau )\xi (\tau )=W_1(\tau )\xi (0)+_0^t𝑑sW_1(ts)\dot{\xi }(s).$$

Applying this formula again, we obtain:

$$\begin{array}{c}_0^tW(t\tau )\xi (\tau )𝑑\tau =\\ W_1(t)\xi (0)+W_2(t)\dot{\xi }(0)+_0^t𝑑sW_2(ts)\ddot{\xi }(s).\end{array}$$
$`4.14`$
It follows from the definition of the operator $`W`$ that it satisfies the following equation:

$$\ddot{W}(t)\mathrm{\Phi }=\widehat{A}W(t)\mathrm{\Phi },\mathrm{\Phi }D(A)$$
$`4.15`$
and commutes on $`D(A)`$ with the operator $`A`$. Integrating twice eq.(4.15), we find:

$$\widehat{A}W_2(t)=W(t)W(0)\dot{W}(0)t=W(t)t$$
$`4.16`$
on $`D(A)`$. The operator (4.16) is bounded and can be therefore continued on $``$. It follows from eqs.(4.16) and (4.14) that

$$\begin{array}{c}\widehat{A}_0^tW(t\tau )\xi (\tau )𝑑\tau =\\ _0^t𝑑s[W(ts)(ts)]\ddot{\xi }(s)+\dot{W}(t)\xi (0)+(W(t)t)\dot{\xi }(0).\end{array}$$
$`4.17`$
Furthermore,

$$\frac{d^2}{dt^2}[_0^tW(\tau )\xi (t\tau )𝑑\tau ]=W(t)\dot{\xi }(0)+\dot{W}(t)\xi (0)+_0^tW(\tau )\ddot{\xi }(t\tau )𝑑\tau .$$
$`4.18`$
Comparing eqs.(4.17) and (4.18), we obtain statement of lemma.

###### Lemma 4.12

Let the operator $`\widehat{A}`$ be a sum of a $`H`$-self-adjoint semi-bounded below operator $`\widehat{T}_1C_1>0`$ and a bounded operator $`\widehat{T}_2`$, $`\widehat{T}_2C_2`$. Then the Cauchy problem for eq.(4.8) is uniformly correct and

$$V(t)e^{C_2t/\sqrt{C_1}},W(t)e^{C_2t/\sqrt{C_1}}/\sqrt{C_1}.$$

###### Demonstration Proof

According to corollary of lemma 4.10, the function $`\mathrm{\Phi }(t)`$ is a solution of the Cauchy problem for eq. (4.8) if and only if

$$\mathrm{\Phi }(t)=V_1(t)\mathrm{\Phi }(0)+W_1(t)\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(0)_0^t𝑑\tau W_1(t\tau )\widehat{T}_2\mathrm{\Phi }(\tau ),$$
$`4.19`$
where $`V_1(t)=\mathrm{cos}(\sqrt{\widehat{T}_1}t)`$, $`W_1(t)=\frac{\mathrm{sin}(\sqrt{\widehat{T}_1}t)}{\sqrt{\widehat{T}_1}}`$. The abstract Volterra equation (4.19) has a unique solution (see, for example, proof of ), which can be presented as a sum of an absolutely convergent in the norm-topology series:

$$\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{\Phi }(t)=_{n=0}^{\mathrm{}}(1)^n_{t.\tau _1>,,,>\tau _n>0}𝑑\tau _1\mathrm{}𝑑\tau _nW_1(t\tau _1)\widehat{T}_2\mathrm{}W_1(\tau _{n1}\tau _n)\widehat{T}_2\\ \times (V_1(\tau _n)\mathrm{\Phi }(0)+W_1(\tau _n)\dot{\mathrm{\Phi }}(0)).\end{array}$$

Therefore,

$$\begin{array}{c}V(t)_{n=0}^{\mathrm{}}\frac{(C_2t/\sqrt{C_1})^n}{n!}=e^{C_2t/\sqrt{C_1}},\\ V(t)_{n=0}^{\mathrm{}}\frac{(C_2t/\sqrt{C_1})^n}{n!\sqrt{C_1}}=e^{C_2t/\sqrt{C_1}}/\sqrt{C_1}.\end{array}$$

Lemma 4.12 is proved.

Lemmas 4.12 and 4.2 imply

###### Corollary

The statement of lemma 2.11 is satisfied. For $`t[0,T]`$ there exists an $`n`$-independent quantity $`M`$ such that $`V_n(t)M`$, $`V(t)M`$, $`W_n(t)M`$, $`W(t)M`$.

## 5. Convergence in generalized strong sense.

Let us justify the property of generalized strong convergence of the operators $`U_n`$, $`V_n`$ and $`W_n`$ entering to theorems 1-3. Let us first investigate some properties of generalized strong convergence. Formulate an analog of the Banach-Steinhaus theorem.

###### Lemma 5.1.

Let $`A_n:_n`$, $`n=1,2,\mathrm{}`$ be a sequence of operators satisfying the property $`A_nM<\mathrm{}`$ for some $`n`$-independent constant $`M`$; $`𝒟`$ \- is a dense subset of $``$, $`A_nv_n\mathrm{}0`$ for $`v𝒟`$. Then $`A_nv_n\mathrm{}0`$ for $`v`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

Let $`v`$, $`\epsilon >0`$. Choose such $`v^{}𝒟`$ that $`vv^{}\frac{\epsilon }{2M}`$. Choose such $`n_0`$, that for $`nn_0`$ $`A_nv^{}\epsilon /2`$. Then $`A_nvA_nv^{}+A_nvv^{}\epsilon `$. We obtain statement of lemma.

Remarks. The proof of ref. of the Banach-Steinhaus theorem cannot be generalized to the case of $`\{P_n\}`$ \- strong convergence. Proof of  uses also the condition $`P_nv_n\mathrm{}v`$.

###### Lemma 5.2

Let $`A_n:_n`$, $`n=1,2,\mathrm{}`$ be a sequence of operators satisfying the following property: for each $`v`$ the sequence $`A_nv`$ is bounded. Then $`A_nM`$ for some $`n`$-independent quantity $`M`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

is analogous to .

###### Lemma 5.3.

Let $`B_n:_n_n`$, $`n=1,2,\mathrm{}`$ be a sequence of operators which $`\{P_n\}`$-strongly converges to the operator $`B:`$. Then the sequence $`B_nP_n`$ is bounded.

###### Demonstration Proof

Denote $`A_n=B_nP_n`$. For all $`v`$ $`A_nvP_nBv_n\mathrm{}0`$, so that the sequence $`A_nvP_nBv`$ is bounded, $`A_nvP_nBvM`$. Therefore, $`A_nvA_nvP_nBv+P_nBvM+aAv`$. Lemma 5.2 implies statement of lemma.

###### Lemma 5.4

Let $`u_n_n`$, $`n=1,2,\mathrm{}`$ is a sequence of vectors from the class $`[u]`$, $`u`$, $`A_n:_n_n`$, $`n=1,2,\mathrm{}`$ is a uniformly bounded ($`A_nM`$) sequence of operators which $`\{P_n\}`$-strongly converges to the operator $`A:`$. Then the sequence $`\{A_nu_n\}`$ is of the class $`[Au]`$.

###### Demonstration Proof

One has:

$$A_nu_nP_nAuA_nu_nP_nu+A_nP_nuP_nAu_n\mathrm{}0.$$

Proofs of theorems 1 and 2 are identical to ref..

###### Demonstration Proof of theorem 3

Let $`v`$, $`\zeta `$ satisfy the condition $`a(\lambda )0`$. Consider the function $`w_n(t)`$ of the form

$$v_n(t)=V_n(t)(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\zeta )^1P_n(\widehat{H}+\zeta )^1v(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\zeta )^1P_nV(t)(\widehat{H}+\zeta )^1v.$$

It obeys the following condition

$$\frac{d^2v_n(t)}{dt^2}=\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_nw_n(t)+\xi _n(t).$$
$`5.1`$
where

$$\xi _n(t)=(P_n(\widehat{H}+\zeta )^1(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\zeta )^1P_n)V(t)v.$$

The initial condition for eq.(5.1) has the form $`v_n(0)=0`$, $`\dot{v}_n(0)=0`$. Corollary of lemma 4.10 implies that

$$v_n(t)=_0^t𝑑\tau W_n(t\tau )\xi _n(\tau ).$$

Therefore,

$$w_n(t)M_0^t𝑑\tau \xi _n(\tau ).$$
$`5.2`$
For each $`\tau `$ $`\xi _n(t)`$ tends to zero because of lemma 3.15. Furthermore,

$$\xi _n(\tau )((\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\zeta )^1P_n+P_n(\widehat{H}+\zeta )^1)Mv,$$

so that the sequence $`\xi _n(\tau )`$ is uniformly bounded according to lemma 5.3. The Lesbegue theorem (see, for example,) implies that the integral in the right-hand side of formula (5.2) tends to zero. Therefore, $`v_n(t)_n\mathrm{}0`$, so that

$$V_n(t)(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\zeta )^1P_n\mathrm{\Phi }(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\zeta )^1P_nV(t)\mathrm{\Phi }_n\mathrm{}0.$$
$`5.3`$
for $`\mathrm{\Phi }=(\widehat{H}+\zeta )^1v`$. Property (5.3) is satisfied for all $`\mathrm{\Phi }D(H)`$, on the dense subset of $``$. Therefore, property (5.3) is satisfied for all $`\mathrm{\Phi }`$. Furthermore,

$$\begin{array}{c}V_n(t)((H+\zeta )^1P_nP_n(H+\zeta )^1)\mathrm{\Phi }_n\mathrm{}0,\\ ||(\widehat{Z}_n^1\widehat{H}_n+\zeta )^1P_nP_n(H+\zeta )^1)V(t)\mathrm{\Phi }||_n\mathrm{}0.\end{array}$$
$`5.4`$
Eqs.(5.3) and (5.4) imply that

$$(V_n(t)P_nP_nV(t))\stackrel{~}{\mathrm{\Phi }}_n\mathrm{}0$$
$`5.5`$
under condition $`\stackrel{~}{\mathrm{\Phi }}=(\widehat{H}+\zeta )^1\mathrm{\Phi }`$. Relation (5.5) is satisfied on the dense subset $`D(\widehat{H})`$ of $``$. Therefore, it is satisfied on $``$. First statement of theorem 3 is proved. Second statement is proved analogously.

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project 99-01-01198.

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