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# Transmission of a Symmetric Light Pulse through a Wide QW

## I Introduction

Lately in  the change of the light pulse form was investigated at its transmission through a QW. Asymmetric exciting pulses with abrupt fronts  and symmetric pulses  have been considered. It was supposed, that the exciting pulse carrying frequency $`\omega _l`$ is close to the electronic excitation frequency $`\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$ (two-level system) . A three-level system  and system with many exited states  are investigated also. Results of these works are true for rather narrow QW’s, when the inequality

$$\kappa d1$$
(1)
is carried out, where $`d`$ is the QW’s width, $`\kappa `$ is the module of a light wave vector appropriate to the carrying frequency of the symmetric light pulse. Actually the parameter $`\kappa d`$ in mentioned works relied equal to zero and calculated there reflection, absorption and transmission did not depend on the QW’s width. For a numerical estimation of size $`\kappa `$ we use a wave length of radiation of a hetero-laser on a basis GaAs, equal $`0.8\mu `$. The energy, corresponding to this wave length, is as follows $`\mathrm{}\omega _l=1,6eV`$. If a refraction index of a QW’s matter is $`\nu =3,5`$, $`\kappa =\nu \omega _l/c=2,8.10^5cm^1`$, where $`c`$ is the light velocity in vacuum. For the QW width $`d=500A`$, the parameter $`\kappa d=1,4`$. Thus, for wide QWs the spatial dispersion of waves, consisting an exciting pulse, can appear essential.

For wide QWs an inequality $`da_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$, where $`a_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$ is the lattice constant, is very strong and at a description of a pulse transmission through a QW it is possible to use Maxwell’s equations for continuous matter. At such approach it is necessary to take into account a distinction in refraction indexes of barriers and QW. Then additional reflections should appear from borders of the QW, which decreases with reduction of the parameter $`\kappa d`$, but in an area $`\kappa d1`$ can in some cases be compared or exceed reflection caused by resonant transitions in a QW. Transmission of a light wave will change together with reflection. Thus, alongside with the account of a dependence of reflection and transmission on parameter $`\kappa d`$ one should take into account distinction in refraction indexes of barriers and QW. At present work the influence of these two factors on the form of reflected and transmitted pulses is taken into account.

The system consisting from a deep semiconductor QW of the I type located in an interval $`0zd`$ and two semi-infinite barriers is considered. It is supposed, that the exciting light pulse moves along an axis $`z`$ from negative $`z`$. It is supposed also, that barriers are transparent for the pulse, and in the QW the pulse is absorbed, causing resonant interband transitions. An intrinsic semiconductor and zero temperatures are meant. Exited states are taken into account only, in which one electron from the valence band transited in the conductivity band, thus a hole appears in the valence band. It is supposed, that $`\omega _l\omega _g`$ (the energy gap in the QW is $`E_g=\mathrm{}\omega _g`$) and a small part of valent electrons, located close to the valence band extremum (for which the method of effective mass is true) participates in absorption. For deep QWs in this case it is possible to neglect tunneling of electrons in a barrier and to consider, that electrons are absent in barriers. Besides it is possible to consider energy levels located close to the QW’s bottom in approximation of indefinitely deep QWs. Considered system is inhomogeneous. As for wide QWs the inequality (1) is not performed, optical characteristics of such system are necessary to determine from the solution of Maxwell’s equations, in which current and charge densities, following from a microscopic consideration, are used .

Final results will be obtained for only discrete electron energy level in a QW. Influence of other energy levels on light reflection and absorption may be neglected, if the carrying frequency $`\omega _l`$ is close to the excitation frequency of the chosen level $`\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$, and other energy levels are located far away from the chosen energy level. Discrete energy levels in a QW in a case $`\mathrm{}𝐊_{}=0`$ (where $`𝐊_{}`$ is the total wave vector of the electron-hole pair (EHP) in a QW’s plane) are excitonic energy levels in zero magnetic field, or energy levels in quantizing magnetic field directed perpendicularly to the QW’s plane. As a convenient example of an energy level we consider below the EHP energy level in a quantizing magnetic field directed along axis $`z`$, without taking into account the Coulomb interaction between electron and hole, which is a weak perturbation for strong magnetic fields and not wide QWs . However, the excitonic effect will not result into basic changes of our results, but will affect only the magnitude of radiative broadening $`\gamma _r`$ of the electronic excitation in a QW. The same concerns and to excitonic levels in a zero magnetic field.

## II The Fourier transform of the electric field induced by an exciting light pulse.

The symmetric exciting pulse, to which corresponds electrical field of circular polarization, falls on a single QW from negative $`z`$

$`𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(z,t)=𝐞_lE_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}e^{i\omega _lp}\{\mathrm{\Theta }(p)e^{\gamma _lp/2}`$ (2)
$`+[1\mathrm{\Theta }(p)]e^{\gamma _lp/2}\}+c.c..`$ (3)
Here $`E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$ is the real amplitude, $`p=t\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}z/c`$,

$$𝐞_l=(𝐞_x\pm i𝐞_y)/\sqrt{2}$$
(4)
is the unit vector of circular polarization, $`𝐞_x`$ and $`𝐞_y`$ are unite vectors, $`\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}`$ is the barrier refractions index, $`c`$ is the light velocity in vacuum, $`\mathrm{\Theta }(p)`$ is the Haeviside function, $`\gamma _l`$ determines the increasing and attenuation of the symmetric pulse. The Fourier transform of the function $`𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(z,t)`$ looks like

$`𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(z,\omega )=\mathrm{exp}(i\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}z)\{𝐞_lE_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(\omega )+𝐞_l^{}E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(\omega )\},`$ (5)
$`E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(\omega )=E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}\gamma _l/[(\omega \omega _l)^2+(\gamma _l/2)^2],`$ (6)
where $`\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}\omega /c`$.

In  the task about transmission of a monochromatic electromagnetic wave through a QW is solved with taking into account its spatial dispersion. The expression for the density of a high-frequency current, induced by the transmitting electromagnetic wave, was also obtained there. For the case of the only exited energy level and circular polarization of falling waves the current density looks like

$`\overline{𝐉}(z,t)=(1/2\pi ){\displaystyle _{\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{}}}𝑑\omega \mathrm{exp}(i\omega t)\overline{𝐉}(z,\omega ),`$ (7)
$`\overline{𝐉}(z,\omega )={\displaystyle \frac{𝐞_l\gamma _r\nu \omega }{4\pi }}\mathrm{\Phi }(z)`$ (8)
$`\times \left[{\displaystyle \frac{1}{\omega \omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}+i\gamma /2}}+{\displaystyle \frac{1}{\omega +\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}+i\gamma /2}}\right]`$ (9)
$`\times {\displaystyle _0^d}dz^{}A(z^{},\omega )\mathrm{\Phi }(z^{})+c.c.=𝐞_l\overline{J}(zt),`$ (10)
where

$`\mathrm{}\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}=\mathrm{}\omega _g+\epsilon (m_v)+\epsilon (m_c)`$ (11)
$`+\mathrm{}\mathrm{\Omega }_\mu (n+1/2)`$ (12)
is the energy of the interband transition appropriate to the chosen exited state, $`\epsilon (m_c)(\epsilon (m_v))`$ is the size-quantized electron (hole)energy with the quantum number $`m_c(m_v)`$, $`\mathrm{\Omega }_\mu =|e|H/\mu c`$ is the cyclotron frequency, $`e`$ is the electron charge, $`H`$ is the magnetic field intensity, $`\mu =m_em_h/(m_e+m_h)`$, $`m_e(m_h)`$ is the electron (hole) effective mass, $`n`$ is the Landau quantum number, $`\gamma `$ is radiative broadening of the exited state, $`\nu `$ \- is the QW refraction index. In approximation of an indefinitely deep QW

$$\mathrm{\Phi }(z)=(2/d)\mathrm{sin}(\pi m_cz/d)\mathrm{sin}(\pi m_vz/d).$$
(13)
In Eq. (5) radiative broadening $`\gamma _r`$ is introduced for the EHP in a magnetic field at $`\kappa d=0`$

$$\gamma _r=(2e^2/\mathrm{}c\nu )(p_{cv}^2/m_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}\mathrm{}\omega _g)(|e|H/m_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}c),$$
(14)
where $`m_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$ is the free electron mass. The scalar $`A(z,\omega )`$, connected with vector potential in the Fourier representation $`𝐀(z,\omega )`$ is as follows

$$𝐀(z,\omega )=𝐞_lA(z,\omega )+𝐞_l^{}A(z,\omega ).$$
(15)
The formula, similar Eq. (9), takes place and for an electric field vector $`𝐄(z,\omega )`$. Eq. (5) is true for heavy holes in crystals with the zinc blend structure , if axis $`z`$ is directed along of 4-th order symmetry axis . Included in $`\gamma _r`$ the real constant $`p_{cv}`$ is connected with an interband matrix element of a momentum for two degenerated bands:

$$𝐩_{cv}^{I,II}=p_{cv}(𝐞_xi𝐞_y)/\sqrt{2}.$$

The current density $`\overline{𝐉}_l(z,t)`$ satisfies to a condition $`div\overline{𝐉}_l(z,t)=0`$ and, hence, the induced charge density $`\rho (z,t)=0`$. Then it is possible to use calibration $`\phi (z,t)=0`$, where $`\phi (z,t)`$ is the scalar potential, and

$`𝐄(z,t)=(1/c)(𝐀/t),`$ (16)
$`𝐄(z,\omega )=(i\omega /c)𝐀(z,\omega ).`$ (17)
Since $`𝐄(z,\omega )𝐀(z,\omega )`$, instead of an equation for $`A(z,\omega )`$ it is more convenient to solve the similar equation for the scalar $`E(z,\omega )`$, which looks like

$`d^{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}E(z,\omega )/dz^{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}+\kappa ^2E(z,\omega )=(4\pi /c)\overline{J}(z,\omega ),`$ (18)
$`\kappa =\nu \omega /c,`$ (19)
where in expression for $`\overline{J}(z,\omega )`$ Eq. (5) it is necessary to replace, using (10), $`A(z^{},\omega )`$ by $`E(z^{},\omega )`$. Eq. (11) is integro-differential one. If to represent formally its solution as the sum of the general solution of the homogeneous equation and partial solution of the inhomogeneous equation, one obtains instead of Eq. (11) the Fredgolm integral equation of the second kind ***The similar equation was examined in  for an inversive layer; in  the exact solution of the Eq. (12) for a case of the monochromatic exciting wave is obtained.

$`E(z,\omega )=C_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}e^{i\kappa z}+C_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}e^{i\kappa z}`$ (20)
$`{\displaystyle \frac{i(\gamma _r/2)F(z)}{\omega \omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}+i\gamma /2}}{\displaystyle _0^d}𝑑z^{}E(z^{},\omega )\mathrm{\Phi }(z^{}),`$ (21)
which is true for $`\omega `$, close to $`\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$, as its conclusion in Eq. (5) for $`\overline{𝐉}(z,\omega )`$ it was not taken into account not resonant composed $`\omega +\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}+i\gamma /2`$. The neglect by not resonant term is equivalent to an inequality $`(\omega \omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}})/\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}1`$. Thus theory becomes inexact at $`\omega \omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$, however, this area of frequencies is located far away from the resonant frequency $`\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$ and does not represent any interest. In time representation discrepancy of the theory appears on times $`tt_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}=\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}^1`$. If $`\mathrm{}\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}=1.6eV`$, $`t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}=4.10^{16}sec`$. The arbitrary constants $`C_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}`$ and $`C_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}`$ are determined from boundary conditions in planes $`z=0`$ and $`z=d`$, and the function $`F(z)`$ looks like

$`F(z)=e^{i\kappa z}{\displaystyle _0^z}𝑑z^{}e^{i\kappa z^{}}\mathrm{\Phi }(z^{})`$ (22)
$`+e^{i\kappa z}{\displaystyle _z^d}𝑑z^{}e^{i\kappa z^{}}\mathrm{\Phi }(z^{}).`$ (23)
If $`\gamma _r\gamma `$, the integral term in Eq. (12) is possible to consider as a small perturbation and then it is enough to take into account the first approximation on the integral term. Radiative broadening of energy levels in quasi-two-dimensional systems appears due to an infringement of translational symmetry in a direction, perpendicular to the QW plane . In the case of high quality QWs scattering on heterogeneities of QW’s borders can give a small contribution in non-radiative broadening of an energy level. The same concerns and to scattering on phonons and impurities at low temperatures and small impurity concentrations. In result it can occur, that $`\gamma _r\gamma `$. In this case in the solution of Eq. (12) it is impossible to be limited by the first iteration, and it is necessary to summarize all the iterative sequence. It is possible to show , that this sequence is reduced to a geometrical progression and the solution can be written as follows

$`E(z,\omega )=C_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}e^{i\kappa z}+C_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}e^{i\kappa z}`$ (24)
$`{\displaystyle \frac{i(\gamma _r/2)F(z)}{\omega \omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}+i(\gamma +\gamma _r\epsilon )/2}}`$ (25)
$`\times {\displaystyle _0^d}dz^{}(C_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}e^{i\kappa z^{}}+C_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}e^{i\kappa z^{}})\mathrm{\Phi }(z^{}).`$ (26)
The complex value $`\epsilon `$

$$\epsilon =\epsilon ^{}+i\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }=_0^d𝑑z^{}\mathrm{\Phi }(z^{})F(z^{})$$
(27)
determines the broadening change and energy level shift, which occur due to the wave spatial dispersion. In a limiting case $`\kappa d=0\epsilon =\delta _{m_cm_v}`$. In barriers, where the induced current is absent, instead of Eq. (11) it is true the equation

$`d^{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}E(z,\omega )/dz^{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}+\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}^{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}E(z,\omega )=0,`$ (28)
$`(z0,zd),\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}\omega /c,`$ (29)
the solution of which looks like

$`E^l(z,\omega )=E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(\omega )e^{i\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}z}+C_Re^{i\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}z},(z0),`$ (30)
$`E^r(z,\omega )=C_Te^{i\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}z},(zd).`$ (31)
The first term in the expression for $`E^l(z,\omega )`$ is the scalar amplitude of the Fourier-transform of the exciting pulse, $`C_R`$ determines the reflected wave amplitude, $`C_T`$ determines the the transmitted wave amplitude past through a QW. The factors $`C_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}`$, $`C_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}`$, $`C_R`$ and $`C_T`$, being functions of the frequency $`\omega `$, are determined from the continuity conditions of $`E(z,\omega )`$ and $`dE(z,\omega )/dz`$ on borders $`z=0`$ and $`z=d`$. It results in

$`C_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=(2E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(\omega )/\mathrm{\Delta })e^{i\kappa d}[1+\zeta +(1\zeta )𝒩],`$ (32)
$`C_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}=(2E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(\omega )/\mathrm{\Delta })(1\zeta )[e^{i\kappa d}+𝒩],`$ (33)
$`C_R=E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(\omega )\rho /\mathrm{\Delta }),`$ (34)
$`C_T=4E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(\omega )\zeta e^{i\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}d}[1+e^{i\kappa d}𝒩]/\mathrm{\Delta };`$ (35)
$`\mathrm{\Delta }=(\zeta +1)^2e^{i\kappa d}(\zeta 1)^2e^{i\kappa d}`$ (36)
$`2(\zeta 1)𝒩[(\zeta +1)e^{i\kappa d}+\zeta 1],`$ (37)
$`\rho =2i(\zeta ^21)\mathrm{sin}\kappa d`$ (38)
$`+2[(\zeta ^2+1)e^{i\kappa d}+\zeta ^21]𝒩.`$ (39)
In Eqs. (18), (19) the designations are entered

$$\zeta =\kappa /\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=\nu /\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}},$$
(40)
$$𝒩=i(\gamma _r/2)F^{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}(0)/[\omega \omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}+i(\gamma +\gamma _r\epsilon )/2].$$
(41)
The function $`E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(\omega )`$ is determined by Eq. (4). It follows from Eqs. (13), (15), that in the case $`m_c=m_v=m`$ (an admitted interband transition in a limit $`\kappa d=0`$) $`F(z)`$ and $`\epsilon `$ are equal:

$`F(z)=iB[2\mathrm{exp}(i\kappa z)\mathrm{exp}(i\kappa (dz))`$ (42)
$`(\kappa d/\pi m)^2\mathrm{sin}^2(\pi mz/d)],`$ (43)
$`F(0)=F(d)=iB[1\mathrm{exp}(i\kappa d))],`$ (44)
$`B=(4\pi ^2m^2/\kappa d)/[4\pi ^2m^2(\kappa d)^2],`$ (45)
$`\epsilon ^{}=F^2(0)\mathrm{exp}(i\kappa d)=4B^2\mathrm{sin}^2(\kappa d/2),`$ (46)
$`\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }=2B[1B\mathrm{sin}\kappa d3(\kappa d)^2/8\pi ^2m^2].`$ (47)
In the Fourier-representation the electrical field vector $`𝐄^r(z,\omega )`$ to the right of a QW in agreement with Eq. (17) looks like

$`𝐄^r(z,\omega )=\mathrm{exp}(i\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}z)[𝐞_lC_T(\omega )`$ (48)
$`+𝐞_l^{}C_T(\omega )],zd,`$ (49)
and the field vector to the left of the QW $`𝐄^l(z,\omega )`$, including the exciting pulse field Eq. (4) and the reflected wave field $`\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄^l(z,\omega )`$ is equal

$$𝐄^l(z,\omega )=𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(z,\omega )+\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄^l(z,\omega ),$$
(50)
$`\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄^l(z,\omega )=\mathrm{exp}(i\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}z)[𝐞_lC_R(\omega )`$ (51)
$`+𝐞_l^{}C_R(\omega )],zd.`$ (52)
## III Transition to time representation.

In the time representation the electrical field vector of the pulse transmitted through the QW according to Eq. (17) is represented as $`(p=tz\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}/c)`$

$`𝐄^r(z,t)=𝐞_lE^r(z,t)+c.c.,`$ (53)
$`E^r(z,t)=(1/2\pi ){\displaystyle _{\mathrm{}}^+\mathrm{}}𝑑\omega \mathrm{exp}(i\omega p)`$ (54)
$`\times C_T(\omega ),zd.`$ (55)
Similarly, the field vector of the pulse, reflected from the QW, is equal

$`\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄^l(z,t)=𝐞_l\mathrm{\Delta }E^l(z,t)+c.c.,`$ (56)
$`\mathrm{\Delta }E^l(z,t)=(1/2\pi ){\displaystyle _{\mathrm{}}^+\mathrm{}}𝑑\omega \mathrm{exp}(i\omega s)`$ (57)
$`\times C_R(\omega ),z0,`$ (58)
where $`s=t+z\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}/c`$, and the functions $`C_T(\omega )`$ and $`C_R(\omega )`$ (after substitution in Eq. (18) $`E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(\omega )`$ from Eq. (4) and $`𝒩(\omega )`$ from Eq. (21)) look like

$`C_T(\omega )={\displaystyle \frac{4E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}\gamma _l\zeta exp(i\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}d)}{,𝒟}}`$ (59)
$`\times {\displaystyle \frac{\omega \omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}\gamma _r\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }/2+i\gamma /2}{(\omega \omega _l)^2+(\gamma _l/2)^2}},`$ (60)
$`C_R(\omega )={\displaystyle \frac{E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}\gamma _l}{𝒟}}[(\omega \omega _l)^2+(\gamma _l/2)^2]^2,`$ (61)
$`\times \{[\omega \omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}\gamma _r\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }/2+i(\gamma +\gamma _r\epsilon ^{})/2]`$ (62)
$`i_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}\gamma _r\epsilon ^{}/2\},`$ (63)
$$𝒟=\omega \omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}\gamma _r_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}/2+i(\gamma +\gamma _r_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}})/2,$$
(64)
$$=(1+\zeta )^2\mathrm{exp}(i\kappa d)(1\zeta )^2\mathrm{exp}(i\kappa d),$$
(65)
$`=2i(1\zeta ^2)\mathrm{sin}\kappa d,`$ (66)
$`_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=2[1+\zeta ^2(1\zeta ^2)\mathrm{exp}(i\kappa d)],`$ (67)
$`_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }{\displaystyle \frac{2\epsilon ^{}(1\zeta ^2)\mathrm{sin}\kappa d}{1+\zeta ^2+(1\zeta ^2)\mathrm{cos}\kappa d}},`$ (68)
$`_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}={\displaystyle \frac{2\zeta \epsilon ^{}}{1+\zeta ^2+(1\zeta ^2)\mathrm{cos}\kappa d}}.`$ (69)
In integrals Eqs. (28), (29) poles of integrand functions are $`\omega =\omega _l\pm i\gamma _l/2`$, and there is also the pole in the bottom half-plane $`\omega `$, determined by the equation $`𝒟=0`$. Strictly speaking, functions $`_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}`$ and $`_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}`$ included in $`𝒟`$ (Eq. (32)) depend from $`\omega `$, since the module of a wave vector $`\kappa =\nu \omega /c`$ depends from $`\omega `$. However, by virtue of assumptions, made at obtaining Eq. (12) $`\omega `$ should not strongly differ from frequency $`\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$ and at the solution of the equation $`𝒟=0`$ it is enough to be limited by the first iteration. It results in following poles in the bottom half-plane

$$\omega =\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}\gamma _r_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}(\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}})i(\gamma +\gamma _r_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}(\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}))/2.$$
(70)
At use of the approached value of the pole Eq. (36) we shall receive, that

$$\kappa =\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}=\nu \omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}/c,\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1\hspace{0.17em}0}}=\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}/c.$$
(71)
On the other hand, the poles $`\omega =\omega _l\pm i\gamma _l/2`$ lead to $`\kappa =\kappa _l=\nu \omega _l/c`$, $`\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}l}=\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}\omega _l/c`$. As the theory is true at performance of an inequality $`(\omega _l\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}})/\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}1`$, further we consider, that $`\kappa _l=\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}=\kappa ,\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}l}=\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1\hspace{0.17em}0}}=\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}`$.

After integration on $`\omega `$ scalar functions $`E^r(z,t)`$ and $`\mathrm{\Delta }E^l(z,t)`$ accept a kind

$`E^r(z,t)=(4\zeta E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}/)\mathrm{exp}(i(\omega _lp+\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}d))`$ (72)
$`\times \{[1\mathrm{\Theta }(p)]\mathrm{exp}(\gamma _lp/2)W_T(\gamma _l)+\mathrm{\Theta }(p)ϵ_T\};`$ (73)
$`\mathrm{\Delta }E^l(z,t)=(E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}/)\mathrm{exp}(i\omega _ls)`$ (74)
$`\times \{[1\mathrm{\Theta }(s)]\mathrm{exp}(\gamma _ls/2)W_R(\gamma _l)+\mathrm{\Theta }(s)ϵ_R\},`$ (75)
where the functions $`ϵ_T`$ and $`ϵ_R`$ are represented by the uniform formula

$`ϵ_{T(R)}=e^{\gamma _lp(s)/2}W_{T(R)}(\gamma _l)`$ (76)
$`e^{i(\mathrm{\Delta }\omega \gamma _r_1/2)p(s)}W_{T(R)}^{}`$ (77)
$`\times e^{(\gamma +\gamma _r_2)p(s)/2}.`$ (78)
In Eqs. (38) - (40) designations are entered

$$\mathrm{\Delta }\omega =\omega _l\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}$$
(79)
$$W_T(\gamma _l)=[\mathrm{\Delta }\omega \gamma _r\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }/2+i(\gamma +\gamma _l)/2]/\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)$$
(80)
$`W_R(\gamma _l)=\{[\mathrm{\Delta }\omega \gamma _r\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }/2+i(\gamma +\gamma _l`$ (81)
$`+\gamma _r\epsilon ^{})/2]i\gamma _r\epsilon ^{}_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}/2\}/\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)`$ (82)
$`W_T^{}=i(\gamma _r/2)[_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}i(\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}})]`$ (83)
$`\times \left({\displaystyle \frac{1}{\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)}}{\displaystyle \frac{1}{\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)}}\right)`$ (84)
$`W_R^{}=i(\gamma _r/2)`$ (85)
$`\times \{[\epsilon ^{}_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}+i(\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}})]+\epsilon ^{}_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}\}`$ (86)
$`\times \left({\displaystyle \frac{1}{\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)}}{\displaystyle \frac{1}{\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)}}\right)`$ (87)
$`\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)=\mathrm{\Delta }\omega \gamma _r_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}/2`$ (88)
$`+i(\gamma +\gamma _l+\gamma _r_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}})/2.`$ (89)
Let us notice, that account of dependence $`\kappa `$ from $`\omega `$ results into replacement in the expression for $`E^r(z,t)`$ (38) variable $`p`$ on $`p^{}=p+t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}`$, where $`t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}d/c`$ corresponds to time, during which light passes a QW. Thus, account of dependencies $`\kappa `$ from $`\omega `$ will have an effect only for $`pt_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}`$. If $`d=500A,\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=3`$, $`t=5.10^{16}c.t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$. Since $`t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$, account of dependence $`\kappa `$ from $`\omega `$ at the calculation of Eqs. (28), (29) is excess of accuracy, as results in amendments of the same order, which were not taken into account in Eq. (12). The obtained expressions for $`E^r(z,t)`$ and $`E^l(z,t)`$ are very large and their analytical research is complicated. Therefore two limiting cases represent some interest, when these expressions become essentially simpler. If the matter is homogeneous, i.e. $`\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=\nu `$, then

$$\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=\kappa ,=4\mathrm{exp}(i\kappa d),=0,$$

$$_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=4,_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=\epsilon ^{\prime \prime },_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}=\epsilon ^{}$$

and Eqs. (38) and (39) pass in

$`E^r(z,t)=E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(z,t)+\mathrm{\Delta }E^r(z,t)=E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(z,t)`$ (90)
$`E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(i\gamma _r\epsilon ^{}/2)\mathrm{exp}(i\omega _lp)`$ (91)
$`\times \{[1\mathrm{\Theta }(p)]\mathrm{exp}(\gamma _lp/2)/\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)+\mathrm{\Theta }(p)ϵ\},`$ (92)
$`\mathrm{\Delta }E^l(z,t)=E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(i\gamma _r\epsilon ^{}/2)\mathrm{exp}(i(\omega _ls\kappa d))`$ (93)
$`\times \{[1\mathrm{\Theta }(s)]\mathrm{exp}(\gamma _ls/2)/\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)+\mathrm{\Theta }(s)ϵ\},`$ (94)
where function $`\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)`$, determined in Eq. (40), turns in

$$\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)=\mathrm{\Delta }\omega \gamma _r\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }/2+i(\gamma +\gamma _l+\gamma _r\epsilon ^{})/2$$
(95)
and the function (40) accepts a kind

$`ϵ=\mathrm{exp}(\gamma _lt/2)/\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)`$ (96)
$`\mathrm{exp}[i(\mathrm{\Delta }\omega \gamma _r\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }/2)t]\mathrm{exp}[(\gamma +\gamma _r\epsilon ^{})t/2]`$ (97)
$`\times \{\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l\})^1\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)^1\}.`$ (98)
For $`E^r`$ parameter $`t=p`$, for $`\mathrm{\Delta }E^lt=s`$. Function $`\mathrm{\Delta }E^r(z,t)`$ determines distortion of an exciting pulse, transmitted the QW.

It is seen from Eqs. (47) and (48) that the account of a spatial dispersion in a case of homogeneous matter results in a frequency shift of $`\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$ on magnitude $`\gamma _r\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }/2`$ and to replacement $`\gamma _r`$ by $`\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_r=\gamma _r\epsilon ^{}`$. The value $`\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_r`$ coincides with radiative broadenings of the EHP in a strong magnetic field at $`𝐊_{}=\mathrm{𝟎}`$ in case of any value $`\kappa d`$ calculated in . If the spatial dispersion is not taken into account, i. e. $`\kappa d=0`$, then, according to Eq. (24), $`\epsilon ^{}1,\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }0`$ and Eqs. (47) and (48) pass into expressions obtained in  for homogeneous matter in absence of the spatial dispersion. Eqs. (47) and (48) coincide with similar expressions obtained in  (Eq. (15), if there under frequency transition $`\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$ to understand $`\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}+\gamma _r\epsilon ^{\prime \prime }/2`$, and under $`\gamma _r`$ the value $`\stackrel{~}{\gamma }_r`$).

A limiting case of a weak spatial dispersion, when $`\kappa d0`$, but the matter is inhomogeneous, i. e. $`\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}\nu `$ represents also some interest. It can take place for comparatively narrow QWs. Believing in Eqs. (38) and (39) $`\kappa d=0`$, we shall obtain, that $`=4\zeta ,=0,_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=4\zeta ^2,_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}=0,_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}2}}=\zeta `$ and

$`\mathrm{\Delta }E^r(z,t)=(iE_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}\gamma _r\zeta /2)\mathrm{exp}(i\omega _lp)`$ (99)
$`\times \{[1\mathrm{\Theta }(p)]\mathrm{exp}(\gamma _lp/2)/\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)+ϵ^{}(p)\mathrm{\Theta }(p)\}`$ (100)
$`ϵ^{}(p)=\mathrm{exp}(\gamma _lp/2)/\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)`$ (101)
$`\mathrm{exp}[i\mathrm{\Delta }\omega p(\gamma +\gamma _r\zeta )p/2]`$ (102)
$`\times (\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)^1\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)^1).`$ (103)
In this case

$$\mathrm{\Omega }(\gamma _l)=\mathrm{\Delta }\omega +i(\gamma +\gamma _l+\gamma _r\zeta /2),$$
(104)
and $`\mathrm{\Delta }E^l(z,t)`$ differs from Eq. (51) by the replacement $`p`$ by $`s`$. One can see, that the matter heterogeneity without taking into account the spatial dispersion results only into replacement $`\gamma _r`$ by $`\gamma _r\zeta `$, i. e. to the replacement in Eq. (8) for $`\gamma _r\nu `$ on $`\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}`$. Eqs. (51) and (52) coincide with obtained in , if $`\gamma _r`$ there is replaced by $`\zeta \gamma _r`$. Since in real systems $`\zeta 1`$, the changes, which are brought in only by heterogeneity of matter, are insignificant. The limit transition $`\gamma _l0`$ means a transition to a monochromatic exciting wave. In this limiting case Eqs. (38) and (39) pass in expressions obtained in .

## IV  Reflection and transmission of an exciting pulse.

The energy flux $`𝐒(p)`$, appropriate to the electrical field of the exciting pulse, is equal

$$𝐒(p)=(𝐞_z/4\pi )(c/\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}})(𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(,z,t))^2=𝐞_zS_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}P(p),$$
(105)
where $`S_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}=cE_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}^2/(2\pi \nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}})`$, $`𝐞_z`$ is the unit vector in a direction $`z`$. The dimensionless function $`P(p)`$ determines the spatial and time dependence of the energy flux of the exciting pulse

$`P(p)=(𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(z,t))^2/S_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}=\mathrm{\Theta }(p)e^{\gamma _lp}`$ (106)
$`+[1\mathrm{\Theta }(p)]e^{\gamma _lp}.`$ (107)
The transmitted flux to the right of the QW, by analogy with Eq. (54), looks like

$`𝐒^r(,z,t)=(𝐞_z/4\pi )(c/\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}})(𝐄^r(z,t))^2`$ (108)
$`=𝐞_zS_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}𝒯(p).`$ (109)
For the reflected flux (to the left of a QW) we obtain

$`𝐒^l=(𝐞_z/4\pi )(c/\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}})(\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄^l(z,t))^2`$ (110)
$`=𝐞_zS_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}(s).`$ (111)
The dimensionless functions $`𝒯(p)`$ and $`(s)`$ determine the shares of the transmitted and reflected energy of the exciting pulse.

Let us define, by analogy with , the absorbed energy flux $`𝐒^a`$ as a difference of the flux $`𝐒+𝐒^l`$ at $`z=0`$ entered in the QW from the left, and flux , $`𝐒^r`$ at $`z=d`$ leaving the QW, on the right at the same moment of time $`t`$:

$$𝐒^a(,t)=𝐒(t)+𝐒^l(t)𝐒^r(t).$$
(112)
Using the definitions Eqs. (54) - (58) let us present $`𝐒^a(t)`$ as

$$𝐒^a(,t)=𝐞_zS_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}[,P(t)(t)𝒯(t)].$$
(113)
Defining a share of the absorbed energy $`𝒜(t)`$ by equality $`𝐒^a(t)=𝐞_zS_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}𝒜(t)`$ we shall obtain, that

$$𝒜(t)=P(t)(t)𝒯(t).$$
(114)
The Eq. (60) can be generalized if to remove planes, in which are observed flows on distance $`z=z_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$ (to the left of well) and on $`z_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$ to the right of a QW $`z_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}>0`$. Then instead of Eq. (60) we shall obtain

$$𝒜(x)=P(x)(x)𝒯(x),$$
(115)
where $`x=p=s=t\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}|z_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}|/c`$. Expressions for the values $`𝒯`$, $``$ and $`𝒜`$, which are determined by scalars $`E^r(z,t)`$ and $`\mathrm{\Delta }E^l(z,t)`$ on general Eqs. (38) and (39) are not shown here in view of their extreme size. The values $`P(t)`$, $`𝒯(t)`$ and $`(t)`$ are always positive, $`𝒜(t)`$ can be of any sign. The negative absorption at some moment of time $`t`$ means, that the electronic system of a QW gives back energy saved in previous moments of time.

## V  Time dependence of reflection, transmission and absorption in the resonance $`\omega _l=\omega _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}.`$

Let’s consider at first the limiting case $`\gamma \gamma _r`$. Then fields $`𝐄^r(z,t)`$ and $`\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄^l(z,t)`$ from Eqs. (38) and (39) can be represented as a decomposition to a row

$$𝐄^r(z,t)=𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}^r(z,t)+(\gamma _r/\gamma )𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}^r(z,t)+\mathrm{},$$
(116)
$$\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄^l(z,t)=\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}^l(z,t)+(\gamma _r/\gamma )\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}^l(z,t)+\mathrm{},$$
(117)
where

$`𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}^r(z,t)=𝐞_l(4\zeta E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}/)\mathrm{exp}[i(\omega _lp+\kappa _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}d)]`$ (118)
$`\times \{[1\mathrm{\Theta }(p)]\mathrm{exp}(\gamma _lp/2)+\mathrm{\Theta }(p)\mathrm{exp}(\gamma _lp/2)\}`$ (119)
$`+c.c.,`$ (120)
$`\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}^l(z,t)=𝐞_l(E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}/)\mathrm{exp}(i\omega _ls)`$ (121)
$`\times \{[1\mathrm{\Theta }(s)]\mathrm{exp}(\gamma _ls/2)+\mathrm{\Theta }(s)\mathrm{exp}(\gamma _ls/2)\}`$ (122)
$`+c.c.`$ (123)
correspond to fields of transmitted and reflected pulses at $`\gamma _r=0`$, i. e. when the absorption in a QW is absent.

In limiting cases $`\kappa d0,\zeta =1`$ or $`\kappa d=0,\zeta 1\mathrm{\Delta }E_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}^l(z,t)=0`$, since, according to Eq. (34), $`=0`$. In the first case it is connected with that that the matter becomes homogeneous, in the second case - that a substance in QW becomes very little and the transmitting wave does not react to it. In these limiting cases, as it follows from Eq. (57), $`(t)(\gamma _r/\gamma )^2`$, i. e. is a small value. At transition to a general case $`\kappa d0,\zeta 1(t)`$ looks like

$`(t)=S_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}^1[(\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}^l(s))^2`$ (124)
$`+2(\gamma _r/\gamma )(\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}^l(s)\mathrm{\Delta }𝐄_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}^l(s))],`$ (125)
what will result in essential increase of reflection at the expense of first term in Eq. (66). As to transmission $`𝒯(t)`$, in limiting cases $`\kappa d=0`$ or $`\zeta =1𝒯(t)=P(t)`$. At transition to a general case transmission changes poorly, as a multiplier $`16\zeta /||^2`$ here does not too strongly differ from unit.

In Fig. 1 the time dependencies of the dimensionless transmission $`𝒯`$, absorption $`𝒜`$ and reflection $``$ are represented for different values of parameters $`\kappa d`$ and $`\zeta `$. In Fig. 1 it is visible, that curves $`𝒯(t)`$ practically coincide for $`\kappa d=0,\zeta =1`$ and $`\kappa d=1.5,\zeta =1.1`$. The same takes place for absorption $`𝒜(t)`$. On the other hand, as it is visible in Fig. 1b, the reflection, being a small value, essentially depends on parameter $`\zeta `$ for $`\kappa d=1.5`$: at change $`\zeta `$ from 1 up to 1.3 $`(t)`$ grows in 8 times.

In a limiting case $`\gamma _r\gamma `$ the induced fields are comparable on value with a field of an exciting pulse and consequently the form of the transmitted through a QW a pulse varies very strongly. It is visible in Fig. 2, where transmission is small, and the reflection $``$ dominates. In  the concept of the special points on time curves $`𝒯`$, $`𝒜`$ and $``$ was entered. In particular, one of these points (the point of total reflection of the first type) was determined by a condition $`(t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}})=P(t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}),𝒯(t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}})=𝒜(t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}})=0`$ (see Fig. 2 ). If to take into account, that $`\zeta 1,\kappa d0`$ (fig. 2b), then in a point of total reflection other condition takes place, namely $`𝒯(t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}})+𝒜(t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}})=0,(t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}})=P(t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}})`$. It means, that $`𝒜(t_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}})<0`$, i. e. the generation of radiation takes place, which was saved by system at earlier moments of time. Arisen at transition to a general case the special point according to the classification of  is the special point of total reflection of the second type. Let’s note also, that in Fig. 2b transmission in some times is more, than in Fig. 2 , i. e. and in this case the heterogeneity of matter and spatial dispersion strongly influence only on small values, which in the given limiting case is $`𝒯(t)`$.

## VI  A deviation of carrying frequency from resonant.

In  it was shown, that the carrying frequency deviation $`\mathrm{\Delta }\omega `$ results into time oscillations of $`𝒜(t)`$ and $`(t)`$. However, oscillations were distinct only for small values. On the other hand, taking into account the matter heterogeneity and spatial dispersion results in occurrence additional reflections from borders of a QW, which can exceed the oscillating component $`(t)`$. In Fig. 3 the examples of influence of the matter heterogeneity and spatial dispersion of light wave on function $`(t)`$ are given. The most significant changes take place in the case $`\gamma _r/\gamma _l1`$, i. e. for the short exciting pulse. It is visible in Fig. 3a the value $`(0)`$ is increased in comparison with a case $`\zeta =1,\kappa d=0`$ more than in 300 times, oscillations here are indiscernible in view of their small amplitude. For an intermediate case $`\gamma _r=\gamma _l`$ (Fig. 3b) the changes are insignificant and oscillations on a curve, corresponding to $`\zeta =1.1,\kappa d=1.5`$ are well visible. In Fig. 3 reflection $`(0)`$ is increased in 22 times, oscillations are still distinct. As to absorption, oscillating curves $`𝒜(t)`$ poorly change at transition to an inhomogeneous matter. It is explained by the fact that absorption is caused by quantum transitions in QW, which poorly depend on a refraction index.

In summary in Fig. 4 the curves $`(t)`$ for a case $`\gamma _r\gamma _l`$ are given (a long exciting pulse), when $`\mathrm{\Delta }\omega 0`$, but oscillations of reflection practically are imperceptible. It follows from Fig. 4 that the account only of the spatial dispersion, reduces reflection in comparison with a case $`\kappa d=0`$. It is explained by reduction of radiative broadening $`\gamma _r\epsilon ^{}`$, since $`\epsilon ^{}`$ is a decreasing function of parameter $`\kappa d`$. The transition to inhomogeneous matter results in increasing of reflection by that greater, than more the parameter $`\zeta `$.

On the basis of obtained results it is possible to make a general conclusion, that the account of the matter heterogeneity and spatial dispersion of plane waves, consisting the exciting pulse, influences strongly only reflection. Changes are most significant in that case, when reflection, connected with interband transitions in a QW, is small and it masks by stronger reflection from borders of a QW. It takes place in the limiting case $`\gamma \gamma _r`$ (it was demonstrated above for the exact resonance $`\mathrm{\Delta }\omega =0`$) and at a deviation of a carrying frequency from resonant in the other limiting case $`\gamma \gamma _r`$. It is necessary to note also strong dependence of reflection from the parameter $`\nu /\nu _{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}1}}`$, which is increased for the account reflections from borders of a QW. The change of transmission also takes place only if it is not small.

In real semiconductor heterostructures the impure electrons of a barrier transit in a QW, deforming near to borders its rectangular form. Therefore advanced above theory is true for pure substances and wide QWs, when the size of the deformed frontier areas is small in comparison to a QW width. Besides the theory is true for deep QWs, the position of first energy levels in which and wave functions, appropriate to them, differ weakly from the position of energy levels and wave functions in indefinitely deep QWs. Since in the theory one exited level is taken into account only, the neighbour energy levels in a QW should be located further, than broadening of a considered energy level, and broadening of an exciting light pulse should be less than distances between neighbour levels. These requirements impose restriction from above on a QW width. For example, for $`d=500A`$ and $`m_c=0.06m_{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}0}}`$ the difference of two lowest size-quantized energy levels is $`10^3eV`$.

## VII Acknowledgements

The work is executed at financial support of RFBI (project 00-02-16904) and Program ” Physics of solid-state nanostructures (97-1099). S. . Pavlov thanks University of Zacatecas for financial support and hospitality. D. A. Contreras-Solorio thanks CONACyT (27736-E) for financial support.