Results of the non-interventional observational program: Influence of Novel COroNavirus on the condition of patients with liver and gastrointestinal Tract diseases and the effect of Ursodeoxycholic acid drugs and Rebamipide on the course of COVID-19 infection (CONTUR)
Intriduction. The course and outcome of COVID-19 infection in patients with liver and gastrointestinal tract diseases remain poorly understood. The article presents a multicenter non-interventional observational program conducted by the Russian Society for the Study of the Liver.Aim. To study the relationship between COVID-19 and injuries of gastrointestinal tract and liver, to assess the effect of therapy with UDCA and Rebamipide on the course and outcome of COVID-19 infection. Materials and methods. 460 patients were enrolled in the study, of which 46% were patients with gastrointestinal and liver diseases. Some patients received Rebamipide and UDCA at a dose of 15 mg/kg body weight, followed by assessment of the clinical and laboratory parameters.Results. In the study group, more severe lung injury and the course of infection were observed. The investigators detected three phenotypes of gastrointestinal tract injury: dyspeptic, diarrheal and painful. The latter was more common in patients with gastrointestinal diseases. Liver injury occurred in 87% of patients with COVID-19 (of which 44% had a history of liver disease). Increased ALT and AST were more often recorded in patients with obesity and diabetes mellitus and correlated with the severity of the infection. An inverse relationship was found between the albumin level and death and transfer to mechanical ventilation. At least 5-day Rebamipide therapy leads to reduction of diarrhea and abdominal pain (p < 0.00001 and p = 0.002), decrease in the levels of systemic inflammatory markers (CRP and ferritin, p<0.00001). The use of UDCA leads to a decrease of the systemic inflammation markers: ferritin and is associated with a significant decrease/normalization of ALT levels (p < 0.00001).Conclusions. In patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver, COVID-19 develops in a more severe form and symptoms of gastrointestinal tract injury may prevail in the clinical picture. The severity of liver injury correlates with the severity of COVID-19 and a poor prognosis. Rebamipide reduces diarrhea and abdominal pain. UDCA prevents or reduces liver injury in COVID-19 infection. Both drugs reduce the level of systemic inflammation markers.