Comparative analysis of different simulation modeling approaches for public processes
The development of computer technology has a dual effect on everyday practice: on the one hand it contributes to the complication of the surrounding reality, on the other hand it provides more and more opportunities to curb the growing complexity. One of the embodiments of such opportunities was simulation modeling (SM). For the manager SM is an essential help in the process of making complex management decisions. Knowledge of the possibilities, principles and areas of application of imitation approaches makes it possible to transform complex labor-intensive analytical processes into an industrial routine. With the help of SM, scientists can build theoretical models, explain the phenomena of the present and predict future events.Unlike theoretical modeling, aimed at building models reflecting only the essential aspects of the phenomena of one class, SM reproduces particular phenomena (processes, objects) in their entirety. Limitations in SM are only the goals of the researcher, his theoretical knowledge of the object and the technological capabilities of the model implementation platform. Changing the exogenous variables of the model or the configuration of its individual elements, the researcher conducts experiments with it: makes predictions, conducts scenario calculations. The collected information is applied to the real object.Behind every classic task of simulation is fixed its own traditional solution approach. The problems of queuing theory are solved using discrete-event modeling. System dynamics deals with socio-economic processes. The sphere of modeling dynamic systems mainly includes the problems of relatively closed rigid-deterministic systems. An exception is the agent approach. Being a relatively new word in simulation modeling, it does not have a traditional field of application. To the researcher, in order to choose the most appropriate approach, it is important to clearly understand the goals of your research and the nature of the modeled process (phenomenon or object).The article gives a comparative description of simulation approaches. The history of origin, implementation tools, features and application areas of each SM approach are noted.