Chess as multicomponent type of adaptive physical culture
In the present paper the authors provide the theoretical and methodological substantiation of chess as a full, but a specific type of adaptive physical culture. The components of chess as a form of adaptive physical culture were classified: adaptive chess education and sport, psychophysical chess recreation and rehabilitation, creative knowledgeoriented chess practice and extreme types of psychophysical chess activity. In the study, the program of additional vocational training "Fundamentals of adaptive chess sport, education and recreation" was developed. Growth takes place in the process of adaptive chess education of 997 students within an academic year, professionally important psychophysical qualities being developed step up to 30%. The intelligence quotient IQ increases to 115120 units on the average, confirming the positive trend of development of intellectual and motor potential of an individual. Similarity of general and specific competences of chess players and experts, including objective assessment and forecasting, advance knowledge of performance results, selfdiscipline, critical selfanalysis, volitional powers contributes to development of professionally important for future work qualities.