Development of an Automatic Diagnosis System for the Presence of Immunoglobulin IgG and IgM SARS - CoV-2
Purpose of research. SARS-CoV-2 is a new epidemic infectious disease characterized by a relatively high contagiousness and the likelihood of life-threatening complications in the form of acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute respiratory and multiple organ failure. The causative agent of the disease, the enveloped zoonotic RNA virus SARS-CoV-2, belongs to the Coronaviridae family, the genus Betacoronavirus, as well as the previously known SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV viruses, which cause severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome, respectively. The COVID-19 epidemic has quickly spread around the world and currently covers 213 countries, in which more than 1.6 million cases have been registered, of which more than 90,000 people have died so far. In the spring-summer period of 2021, the third wave of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus outbreak is predicted. The availability of an analysis for the presence of antibodies of immunoglobulin’s SARS-CoV-2 will allow timely detection of the disease and take measures for treatment and self-isolation. The aim of the study is to develop an automatic diagnosis module for the rapid analyzer device for the presence of IgG and IgM SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin antibodies. Methods of research are based on general systems theory, theory of finite automata, and minimization of logical expressions. An Omron programmable controller is used as a hardware and software complex. An operator-analyst interface has been developed using CX-Designer. The microcontroller is programmed in Ladder Diagram language (IEC 61131-3). The presence of a control signal will increase the reliability of the analysis. The express analyzer is based on the immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method using a liquid-phase enzyme immunoassay. Results. Software has been developed for designing a liquid-phase analyzer device for the presence of immunoglobulin antibodies IgM, IgG SARS - CoV-2 on the basis of the CP1H Omron microcontroller. Simulation modeling was carried out, which showed the correct logic of the designed device and satisfactory results in the formulation of a preliminary diagnosis of the disease. Conclusion. The production of portable express analyzers for the presence of immunoglobulin IgG and IgM antibodies SARS-CoV-2 will allow to quickly determine the stage of the disease and will contribute to timely isolation and treatment.