NEW APPROACHES TO THE PROBLEM OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
In the current situation of uncertainty, the influence of not only traditional financial factors affecting the development of the company, but also the influence of environmental, social, governance factors has increased. Over the past year, adjustments have been made to the existing ESG agenda. The crisis has demonstrated the need to strengthen the link between the financial and non-financial performance of companies. The article declares the thesis that the prerequisites for the development of the term “sustainable development” did not appear in the twentieth century, as is commonly believed, but several millennia before that. To form a new ESG agenda, it is necessary to analyze the historical prerequisites for the nature of sustainable development. In this scientific article, the author proposes his own classification of the main stages and approaches to the development of the concept of sustainable development: evolutionary, desmoecological, triune, modern management approaches. The approaches under consideration are the result of the synergy of elements of social responsibility and ESG factors. The evolution of philosophical and historical views on the model of sustainable development in different historical eras is also analyzed. The article briefly reviews the main sustainable development financing instruments, the key derivatives of green finance are green bonds and social bonds, since only in the last decade, financial markets have witnessed a huge influx of investors seeking to invest their capital in innovative social and sustainable investments.