Interaction in culture and language interpretation
The article is concerned with the way of culture and languages interpreting using the theories of discourse, concept and mythology in comparative studies and based on the philosophical principle of interaction. The philosophical category of interaction is one of the basic cognitive principles. Interaction reflects the process of objects influencing each other, the changes in their state and interrelations. Each fragment of being takes part in the process of the universal systems interaction. Culture and natural languages as sign systems could be examined in detail regarding all their outer and inner relations in a broader sense. The picture of the world as a set of world images by means of a language represents a humankind cultural picture as well. The history of language reflects the social history, the ways of human cognitive activity conditioned by definite climate, geographical, psychological and many other cultural factors. The analysis of different languages through the mythological thinking leads to the reconstruction of the culture history and the linguistic picture of the world. Contemporary science has come to the synergetic approach in culture, to the notion of discourse and concept in linguistics, to the role of a personality in history. Specialists in cross-cultural researches assume that mythology and myths should be considered as an important source of information about the human society development as myths are able to be preserved for a very long period of time. The accumulated empirical material allows considering myths as serious source of information about the culture history of the whole humankind. Today semiotic analysis of a mythological text consists of a morphological research of its content and the evolutionary semiotic chains, the study of the semantic categorization, the description of the world picture and the pragmatic value of myths as a peculiar cultural factor of education. In such analysis the ideas of language regional associations, of language-unions interaction make it possible to interpret some apparent structural likeness between the systems of non-related languages. Semiotics can reveal affinities and relations between different mythologies that are not revealed by other methods of study. Our hypothesis is that the philosophical principle of interaction could be efficiently used to disclose new parameters of cultural resemblance not limited by time or space. Admittedly, the observed verbal similarities and parallels in the mythological semantics, conceptual and linguistic categorization, cultural values and assessments within the compared natural languages might be stated as facts of interaction in a conventional meaning and designation. On the whole, such studies open broad perspectives in comparative and cognitive linguistics.