Volatile organic compounds in the filtrate of the snow cover in Bratsk
In the city of Bratsk, in the Central district mainly, there is a decreased air quality due to a new bad-smelling substance. It is known that a smell in the air can be caused by one or more volatile organic compounds. New state industry standard, introduced 01.07.2015, establishes rules for the control of emissions of bad-smelling substances in the atmosphere with olfaсtometric way. It takes into account the physiological response of a group of volunteers, but without identifying the substance and, therefore, without identifying the source of emissions. In this study, snow cover was chosen as an object of study, chemical composition of which reflects chemical composition of the atmosphere. The composition of volatile organic compounds has been studied with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method in the filtrate of the snow cover, taken in December 2014 in the area of Television center and in the area of farming company «Pursei», which are under the influence of Bratsk Aluminum Plant’s emissions, Bratsk Timber Industry Complex’s emissions, emissions from vehicles and thermal power plants. 39 volatile organic compounds were found in the filtrate snow. The main group of compounds is terpenoids, which are in the essential oils of a pine. The quantitative differences between the samples lie in the fact that the sample №1 contains xylene 5 times higher than the sample №2; polymethyl benzenes 5 times more; naphthalene 0.7 times more; 2- methylnaphthalene 0.15 times more; linalool oxide 72 times more; linalyl oxide 19 times more; 3.7-dimethyl-6-nonenal 5 times more; a- terpeneola 6 times more; 2.3-pinanediol 4 times more; carbazole and trichloroethyl 3 times more. Some of them are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.