The use of aerogel glazing facades of buildings
This article presents the possibility of introducing into the construction practice of one of the innovative building materials in the field of glazing - aerogel - a nanoporous material made on the basis of silicon dioxide. This material is characterized by the following properties: low density, low thermal conductivity, good light transmission, excellent fire resistance and strong acoustic resistance. During the study, detailed physical characteristics were given and an analysis of the thermal characteristics of the aerogel glazing was carried out by monitoring the modification of the materials used in its composition, as well as an analysis of the energy efficiency and environmental friendliness of this material. Physical and optical properties are described. A comparative table of aerogel and standard glazing for the following indicators: the value of ultraviolet radiation, visible transmittance, solar factor. Considered specific cases of successful use of this material, analyzed the conditions of use, thanks to which it became possible. Implemented cases of aerogel application in the glazing of public buildings include: residential building in Holmenkollen, Oslo, Norway; Rema 1000 supermarket in Kroppanmark, Trondheim, Norway; Lobby of shopping center, Tamsweg, Austria. In the conclusion of the article, the conditions for the introduction of aerogel glazing in the listed buildings are analyzed, ways for further research of the aerogel are considered, the necessary knowledge for use in the project activity, which both the designer and the builder should possess, is given. The first is general informational awareness of this material. The second is the need to evaluate and optimize the performance of the building at the design stage. The third is the importance of further research on the properties and effects of aerogel on the environment.