INTRALINEAR DISTINCTIONS IN THE FREQUENCY OF ERYTHROCYTE ANTIGENIC FACTORS IN BLACK-SPOTTED COWS
The gene pool of the Black-Spotted cattle herd was studied by the antigenic erythrocyte factors as dependent on linear affinity. The studies were conducted on the basis of breeding cows of the JSC “FPC named after Mashkin,” Republic of Bashkiria. It is found that by the occurrence frequency of erythrocyte antigenic factors the cows belonging to the Annas Adema 30587 are the mostly distinguished ones. The greatest genetic distance between the cows of different lines has been calculated. The largest genetic distance has been observed between the cows of Annas Adema 30587 line and other lines (from 0.291 to 0.345). The cows of Annas Adema 50387 are distinguished by the high content of fat and protein in milk, while cows of other lines are superior in the milk yields. Significant remoteness of cows of the Annas Adema 30587 line by the genetic distance is certainly associated with the fact that this line was bred in Holland, while other lines were bred in Russia on the basis of imported sire bulls. The use of erythrocyte antigenic factors as markers to characterize the genetic distance in the selection of parents makes it possible to follow the selection process, without allowing any reduction of changeability, which leads to increase of homozygosis and decrease of productive and reproductive qualities of cattle.