Philosophical and Poetic Experience of the World as Part of the Slavic Artistic Consciousness: Skovoroda and Dragomoshchenko
The authors conducted a study of Grigory Skovoroda''s reception in the Russian poetry of the second half of the XX century. Grigory Skovoroda is a Ukrainian and Russian philosopher of the XVIII century who embodied the character of ideological constants of Slavic consciousness (the priority of existence over essence) in his creative lifetime (zhyznetvorchestvo), and his most important philosophical ideas (especially, in the idea of affinity of all things). Numerous research in the area shows that this problem was studied only in A. Tarkovsky''s poems. The objective was to examine the aspects of philosophy, poetry and biography of Grigory Skovoroda relevant for the poetry of the second half of the XX century. Firstly, various allusions of Grigory Skovoroda''s dialogues, fables and philosophical treatises were found and classified, in addition to poems by Tarkovsky, in the poetry of S. Lipkin, S. Stratanovskiy, A. Dragomoshchenko, T. Kibirov and other poets. Secondly, the most important ideas of the philosophy of Grigory Skovoroda, the structure and features of his works of art, popular in Russian poetry of the second half of the XX century, were examined. The interest to the life of Grigory Skovoroda was also shown in the cultural, psychological and socio-historical aspects (the elders and the tradition of traveling teachers). Generally, Grigory Scovoroda''s metaphysics and his answers to essential questions of human existence are understood and embodied in the text of a number of works of Russian poets of the second half of XX century. Finally, the following conclusion was drawn: Grigory Skovoroda''s way of philosophizing, method of teaching (parable, examples, comparison, questioning), his doctrine of the two natures (visible and invisible), and of the affinity (srodnost'') are most actively manifested in the structure of the Russian verse.