Chronobiological disturbances in the pathogenesis of age-associated diseases. The significance of biological rhythms desynchronization in the pathogenesis of primary glaucoma
The article presents a review of latest research related to various aspects of age-associated diseases pathogenesis. It describes the modern concepts of natural aging and the disorders of adaptation mechanisms that oppose the involution processes. The chronobiological formation concept of temporary biological structure and the key components of circadian system regulation are reported in detail. Arguments in favor of violations of strong consistency of various physiological processes in glaucoma are recounted. The article emphasizes the role of diurnal IOP amplitude fluctuations as a reliable marker, as well as an important pathogenetic factor of glaucoma development. Other chronobiological factors that may be considered predictors of various age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including glaucoma, are discussed. The review analyzes the mechanisms of system desynchronization development, such as extra-circadian dissemination and the development of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Primary open angle glaucoma is considered to be a desynchronosis-related, age-associated disease. Moreover, the article presents a hypothesis of POAG being not only a consequence, but also a cause of circadian rhythm disturbance.