Czesław Miłosz’s “Theological treatise” in the context of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s religious worldview
The article investigates a religious and philosophical dialogue of Miłosz and Dostoevsky. The antinomic content of Miłosz's poem “Theological Treatise” is analyzed in the context of Dostoevsky's Christocentric worldview, as well as religious and heretical teachings of early Christianity, which aroused Milosz's interest throughout his career. In their works, Dostoevsky and Miłosz explored the theological problem of apocatastasis and offered their interpretation of it. The paper also examines Miłosz’s contribution as an essayist to the comparative study of Dostoevsky's works (Dostoevsky - Mickiewicz and Dostoevsky - Swedenborg). The ideological basis of “Theological Treatise” is the dialectical relationship between faith and truth, which is associated with Miłosz's appeal to Dostoevsky's ‘creed’ from his famous letter to Fonvisina. Like Dostoevsky, Miłosz criticizes the natural-scientific concept of truth in its depersonalized and, therefore, dehumanized version, which seems to the author of “Theological Treatise” as an instrument of ‘devilish theology’. In a dialogue with the traditions of Russian religious philosophy, and above all with Dostoevsky’s legacy, Miłosz turns to the Apocalypse, in which the most aesthetically significant the idea for him is that of restoring paradisiacal existence. However, unlike Dostoevsky, the concept of life after death in “Theological Treatise” is not free from pessimism and skepticism. Miłosz is inclined towards the ideological paradigm of the West, and the concept of “Theological Treatise” includes the ideas of Dostoevsky's unbelieving heroes.