The Dusseldorf artist group "ZERO": at the origins of the kinetic light art in the urban landscape (1958-1960s)
In the art of the Dusseldorf artist group “ZERO” - by Heinz Mack, Otto Piene and Günter Jücker - a cult of light was formed as a real optical-physical phenomenon. Light kinetics has become a new aesthetic utopia in West European art of the 1960s. The author analyzes the creative origins of the birth of a new artistic ideology and such vivid long-term projects as the “museum-like” landscape by Heinz Mack and works under the general name “Sky-events” with balloons by Otto Piene. In the creative program of the “ZERO” group, the art of open space, combining sky, air, water and light, was interpreted as the beginning of the birth of the urban landscape of the Future. The article shows the way of forming a new look at the design of urban space, which is based on a synthesis of architecture and kinetic virtual images made using multimedia technologies.