Training of Mongolian medical personnel (on the example of the biography of the first female minister D. Puntsag)
The article is devoted to the aspects of personnel training policy in the field of health in the early XX century. Through the prism of the biography of the first Minister of Health, Dolgoryn Puntsag, the socio-cultural transformation in the traditional Mongolian society is traced, and the features of the formation of political resources of the new Mongolian government are revealed. The paper also analyzes the specifics of training qualified medical personnel in the country and in the USSR. It is revealed that the training of national health personnel was of a political nature and was promoted by representatives of the right-wing bias of the Mongolian People's Party, who maintained a strong position in the early 1920s. In the following years, due to the strengthening of left-wing sentiments that propagated socialist ideology based on the template of the Soviet Union, there was a transition to training personnel in the USSR. If earlier the key issues for equipment and personnel training were decided by the Ministry of Education of the MPR, since the beginning of the 1930s. general management was entrusted to the people's Commissariat of Education for the education of Mongolian students in the Soviet Union. To implement the academic mobility program in Eastern Siberia, Mongol Courses and Mongol Faculty were created, which became a springboard for training specialists in many areas, including healthcare. It is established that the personnel policy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs has passed several stages of development - from the attempt to create a national reserve with the involvement of emchi-lamas to the qualified training of doctors and medical staff in educational institutions of the USSR. In General, the study showed that the formation of the state medical system of the MPR had a historical and cultural context, expressed in the struggle between the ideologies of Tibetan medicine and European, with the complete Sovietization of Mongolian society.