THEORETICAL STUDY OF PRESSURE CHANGES IN THE EXTRUDER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FORAGES WITH SAPROPEL ADDITION
Increasing the production of the livestock products requires providing the industry with qualitative and cheap feed. In order to improve the animal nutrition, as well as for more efficient use of feed and reduce the cost of their production, it is advisable to use the extrusion of feed with the sapropel addition . The paper describes the work of the extruder proposed for fodder extrusion with sapropel addition. The influence of pressure in the extruder on forages processing and the necessity of its definition by means of mathematical dependences is defined. To find the maximum pressure in the extruder the process of mixture movement through the ring conical channel of the die is considered. By solving the balance equation the mathematical dependence for finding the pressure in front of the forming head is derived. Factors that influence the maximum pressure are determined. Using the derived mathematical dependence a graph of pressure dependence before the forming head on the length of the dies and a graph of the change in the discharge pressure from the area of the through section of the dies are constructed. To determine the effect of compression gates on pressure in the extruder the equation of the balance of forces in the compression gate is compiled. Having solved this equation, a mathematical dependence for finding the pressure of pressing before the compression gate was obtained and the structural factors influencing the pressure were determined. Using this mathematical dependence, a graph of pressure changes before the compression gate from its length was constructed. Mathematical dependencies allowing to define pressure in any point of the extruder that will allow to define temperature of processing of a mixture at a design stage are presented. The main factors that influence the extruder pressure are considered in the article.