MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC OF PLACENTA AT EARLY STAGES OF GESTATION AT THE EXACERBATION OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND METABOLIC IMBALANCE OF PLACENTAL LACTOGEN
A morphological structure of placenta and of vessels of fetoplacental complex was detected in women with the exacerbation of chronic cytomegalovirus infection whose pregnancy ended with the abortion at the gestation of 6-8 weeks (25 cases) and also with premature birth at the gestation of 35-37 weeks (25 cases); the level of placental hormones (placental lactogen, progesterone, estriol) was also identified. Under the study of placentas from women with premature birth at the gestation of 6-8 weeks the hypoplasia of embryotroph, necrosis of the majority of secondary villi, insufficient vascularisation of villi were revealed. In the peripheral blood of women of this group there was a low level of placental lactogen (р<0.001). A morphological structure of placentas from women with premature birth at the gestation of 35-37 weeks was characterized with involutory-dystrophic changes of villi, which in most cases were necrotized, and with dedifferentiation of blood vessels endothelium. During the whole period of gestation in the peripheral blood of such women there was a low level of placental lactogen (р<0.001), progesterone (р<0.001) and estriol (р<0.001). The obtained data suggest the role of cytomegalovirus infection in the formation of dystrophic changes of chorionic villi, insufficiency of placental blood circulation and hormonogenic processes, which at early stages of gestation increased the risk of spontaneous abortion and at the late stages of gestation it caused premature birth.