CHROMATO-MASS SPECTROMETRY OF TOLUENE EXTRACT OF COMMON YARROW (ACHILLED MILLEFOLIUM L., ASTERACEAE FAMILY) (MESSAGE II)
The research purpose is a detailed study of the chemical composition of the organic matter of the common yarrow in order to establish the main biochemical processes responsible for the formation of the composition of the latter; expansion of the set of compounds to those already known in the literature on herbal medicine of medicinal plants, determination of new directions of the pharmacological action of drugs based on yarrow. The results of the study of the chemical composition of the toluene extract - product of the sequential exhaustive extraction of yarrow by the method of chromato - mass spectrometry allow to identifying 129 individual compounds. For which the quantitative content was determined, mass spectra and structural formulas were obtained, the structural - group composition of the extract were calculated. The basis of the extract is determined by hydrocarbons, esters, sterols and carboxylic acids, which account for: 43.59; 15.47; 15.33 and 7.59 (wt. % of the extract), respectively, the content of ketones, alcohols, aldehydes and organosilicon compounds - 3.77; 2.77; 1.68 and 6.49 (wt. % of the extract). The presence of phenols and glycosides has not been established; fragments of furan and pyran are part of the structures of individual alcohols and ketones. Based on the peculiarities of the chemical composition, it can be argued that the pharmacological action of the toluene extract of yarrow is determined precisely by the content of hydrocarbons, with the dominance of alkenes, alkynes, arenes and cycloalkanes; sterol type: Betulin, Lupeol, γ - Sitosterol и Sitostenon, Campesterol, 24 - Noroleana - 3.12 - dien; carboxylic acids containing up to three double and triple bonds in the hydrocarbon chain, as well as esters, mainly formed by Oxalic and Benzeneacetic acids. Undoubtedly, a certain contribution to the direction of the pharmacological action of this extract is made by organosilicon compounds, the share of which is 6.49 (wt . % of the extract).