Genital Mycoplasma infections (U. parvum, U. urealyticum, M. hominis, M. genitalium'') in the structure of infectious complications in obstetrics, gynecology and perinatology
Within the last decade, the problem of urogenital infections is in the focus of attention of many investigators and practicing doctors. First of all, it is related to wide prevalence of various types of vulvovaginal and cervical infections and to the fact that percentage of newborns with signs of intrauterine infections from pregnant mothers with infectious inflammatory disorders of lower genital tract does not demonstrate any trend towards a decrease and is, on the contrary, increasing. Most cases of lower genital tract infections are represented by such types of vulvovaginal and cervical infections as bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, trychomonadal vulvovaginitis, chlamydial and gonococcal cervicitis. The causal relationship between these infections and development of infectious inflammatory complications of pregnancy, delivery, postpartum and early neonatal period has been proven and well studied. At present, of utmost interest are genital mycoplasmoses that, according to epidemiological studies, are frequently found in women of childbearing potential. However, the causal role of these microorganisms in the development of mucous-purulent cervicitis, inflammatory pelvic disorders, adverse outcomes of pregnancy, delivery and perinatal complications, has not been clearly determined. It should be especially noted that the literature data on the pathogenetic role of genital mycoplasms in infectious inflammatory complications in obstetric, gynecological and perinatal practice are contradictory enough. The purpose of this review is to analyze literature on genital mycoplasma in obstetrics, gynecology and perinatology, to summarize the main research trends on etiological role of genital mycoplasma in infectious complications in gynecology, obstetrics and perinatology, as well as to discuss various approaches to management of pregnancy, delivery and puerperium in patients carrying mycoplasma in their delivery tract.