Beam methods of research in diagnostics of parasitic damages of lungs
Research objective. To study possibilities of radiological diagnostics of pulmonary parasitic lesions, to specify their semiotics. Material and methods. 56 patients with parasitic damage of lungs were included into the study: 23(41,1%) of them had echinococcosis, 5 (8,92%) patients had alveococcosis, 9(16,2%) had cysticercosis, 6 (10,7%) suffered from paragonimosis, 4(7,14%) had shistosomatosis, 3(5,3%) suffered from ascaridosis, 3 (5,35%) had pneumocystosis, 2(3,57%) had metastrongylosis, 1(1,7%) suffered from toxoplasmosis. The patient underwent chest X-ray, a computed tomography, a magnetic resonance tomography in T1, T2, suppression of a signal from fatty tissue (STIR, TSHIRT), sonography - when the area of pathological changes was adjacent to a chest wall or to a diaphragm. Results. The radiological semiotics of parasitic diseases of lungs was diverse; it depended on a type of the parasite, which defined possibilities of methods of medical visualization. It was possible either to define unambiguously the illness nature (echinococcosis, ascaridosis, cysticercosis) or to suspect parasitic nature of changes (alveococcosis, toxoplasmosis, paraginimosis). Thorax CT the leading method in detection of parasitic pulmonary diseases. Ultrasonography of the lungs should be applied in the presence of an ultrasonic window (close proximity of the area of changes to the chest wall or diaphragm) and insufficiency of data of chest X-ray. MRT is used for specification of liquid nature of the lesion or existence of liquid inclusions (alveococcosis) when densitometrical parameters at CT are equivocal. The semiotics in MRT the image is for the first time developed at cysticercosis, paraginimosis, shistosomatosis, alveococcosis. Conclusion. Thorax CT is the leading method of diagnostics of pulmonary parasitic lesions, it is supplemented by MRT, ultrasonography for specification of liquid nature of changes, existence of internal contents, septa.