Facade systems in high-rise construction
Today, high-rise construction is developing at an unprecedented pace. Skyscrapers began to appear more and more often in megalopolises, setting the architectural style for the appearance of the city. One of the most important directions in the design of high-rise buildings is the design of facades, which must meet aesthetic, climatic and structural requirements, in view of which the choice of material and design of the future facade is especially important. The article touches upon the topic of high-rise construction in St. Petersburg from the point of view of the choice of enclosing structures. The paper presents the existing types and designs of facades, their advantages and disadvantages; presents a comparison of facades in terms of heat engineering characteristics, as well as ease of installation in conditions of high-rise construction. From the point of view of architectural possibilities, precast concrete structures have a wider range of shapes and solutions compared to the considered types of facades. The disadvantages and limitations caused by the weight of the structure are mitigated by the use of lightweight concrete and the distribution of the dead load on the building floors. Nevertheless, at this stage of the existing technologies for the construction and operation of buildings made of light steel-concrete structures, it is advisable to use translucent facades for high-rise construction.