Mathematical modeling and classification of technical means for collection of cutting residues
The technological process of removing unwanted tree and shrub vegetation from the territories of a number of infrastructure facilities often provides for a technological operation of raking and / or collecting chopped residues in a mechanized way using such mechanization tools as forest rakes. Due to the variety of these technical means (differing in purpose, scope, methods of aggregation with the base vehicle, as well as design features), their classification according to some classification criteria (inparticular, working width and density) is difficult due to the significant influence of the subjective component, which affects direct assignment of classified forest rakes to one or another element of the corresponding classification series. Based on the analysis of the main design parameters of more than 500 models of forest rakes of domestic and foreign production, the author has established a system of equations describing the position of the boundaries of the characteristic zones of the distribution of the width of the forest rake from the number of their teeth. To assess the width of the forest rake as a classification features, it is proposed to use the criterion of the specific width of the rake, defined as a function of the ratio of the width of the rake to the width of one tooth. To assess the density of the distribution of forest rake teeth along the width of their capture, it is proposed to use the criterion of the teeth density as a classification features, taking into account the ratio of the interval between two adjacent teeth and the width of the forest rake, the boundary values of this criterion are proposed. The results of mathematical modeling of the critical (minimum) width of a forest rake, depending on their number of teeth and the width of one tooth, characterizing the moment of transition of a forest rake into the category of «forest brushes» are shown. The mathematical model considered in the work allows with a sufficient degree of accuracy to classify forest rakes in terms of separating existing and/ or promising technical means for collecting and raking chopped residues according to such classification features as «rake width» and «teeth distribution density».