Criminalistic accounting of firearms with the use of a marker on a shooting sleeve
The urgency of the problem under investigation is due to the need to organize the criminalistic registration of firearms of smooth-bore weapons on shooting cartridges. Such a system is currently absent both in Russia and abroad. The purpose of the article is to base the methods and means of applying the microtext of the weapon number to the surface of the firing sleeve of the firearms of the smoothbore at the time of the shot. This will be the basis for creating a new type of criminalistic accounting of weapons. The leading method of investigating this problem was an experiment, which allowed to identify a complex of diagnostic and identification signs in the traces formed on the surface of the shooting sleeve. The article provides a justification for the method of drawing a criminalistic marker - a microtext of the weapon number on the tracing surface of a firearm. The ballistic marker is applied using pulsed laser microwelding, which ensures the uniqueness of the application of symbols - letters and numbers of the weapon number. The work provides a justification for the location of the marker on the surface of the weapon, eliminating the impression of the microtext of the weapon number on the factory markings of the sleeve. The location of the ballistic marker is in the area where the barrel capsule is located. At the time of the shot, when the sleeve is too far away, an impression of the marker on the surface of the sleeve cap is formed in the shutter cup or the gun block. The impression of the weapon number is read visually without the use of complex optical devices. The examples of the results of experiments show the algorithm of identification by the ballistic marker of both a firearm smooth-bore weapon on a shooting sleeve, and several cartridges shot from one instance of a weapon. Identification is carried out on dynamic and static traces of the imprint of the microtext of the weapon number on the surface of the shooting sleeve. The presented theoretical substantiation and experiments are aimed at confirming the technical possibility of creating forensic tests of firearms of smooth-bore weapons on shooting cartridges. The results of the research will contribute to the effective accounting of firearms, as well as to the prevention and investigation of offenses using them. The materials of the article are of practical value to investigators, forensic experts, as well as specialists in the field of forensic registration.