AGROECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE DESIGN OF ADAPTIVE-LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS OF AGRICULTURE UNDER CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL SIBERIA
Agriculture in the territory of Central Siberia is carried out mainly in agricultural landscapes of three soil and climatic zones: taiga-forest, forest-steppe, and steppe. They differ in the composition of the lithogenic base, structure, topography, soils, flora, and climate. The forest-steppe agricultural landscapes occupy 70% of arable land in Krasnoyarsk Krai, or about 2 million hectares. At the same time, about 1 million hectares of land have been abandoned or are in the fallow state from the general 3.1 million hectares. To solve the problems of designing adaptive landscape systems of agriculture, it is necessary to typify agricultural lands, determine the borders and areas of agricultural landscapes that simultaneously accommodate and combine the structural units of natural landscapes, the size of farms, their divisions, taking into account specialization. In this case, from the positions of agricultural ecology, there are strong relationships between elements and objects of the natural hierarchy of systems according to the scheme “landscape provinces - landscape areas - landscape regions - landscapes-terrains”. Against this background, it is possible to see the structure of agricultural landscapes, their position and interrelations with other natural, natural-anthropogenic and natural-technogenic landscapes on maps of different scales, their influence and interaction at the level of natural zones and altitude zonality. The reason for this methodical approach to finding natural boundaries and highlighting the integrity of the natural landscape and agrolandscape was the peculiar, rather severe natural and climatic conditions of the agricultural zone of Central Siberia. The effectiveness of the organization of land use should be assessed through its compliance with the natural and resource potential of land (NRP). Integral assessment of the whole aggregate of climatic, soil, hydrological, geomorphological and geological components allows us to state that typical forest-steppe land use has the highest NRP The average level of NRP is typical for land use in the taiga-forest zone and a lower one - for the open forest-steppe.