Effective investment strategies in Russian economy: prospects for development and implementation
There is a growing investment impact on the economy in the process of economic and social development of the system. This leads to a qualitative change in relations in the global economy and is expressed as a change in the "local principles" from the "global principles", which in turn is in the best interest of the world economy as a whole. But today the problem is acute for investment economies of many countries. From this we form a new understanding of the role of the investment process and a new perception of the investment strategy (as a tool for economic development), as well as awareness of the need to add knowledge of foreign economic relations and cooperation between companies, not only within the national economy. International practice shows that the sustainable development of the company is based both on economic and social factors; this leads to a decrease in business risk, enhances competitiveness, improves staff efficiency and customer loyalty, increases the company's reputation and makes a positive contribution to the company's economic and social development of the state where the company is located. This means that the national priorities of economic development and the problem of efficient investment planning are strategically compatible and directly connected to each other. However, Russian companies are in the process of understanding the need to introduce, implement and develop the investment process with the active use of investment strategies. There is a detailed review of the literature on the study of problems of the investment process. This survey includes works by Russian and foreign scientists. The main areas of discussion were identified. The new investment strategy to strengthen financial stability and development of business processes has been marked by the adopted long-term development strategy of the European Commission, as well as the development strategy of the Russian Federation until 2020. Russia's experience was considered in line with the global investment management practice. The article provides a definition of an investment strategy, including the following basic elements: a set of long-term goals, investments, real investment, investments in financial assets, production development, formation of the optimal structure of investment, as well as a set of actions to achieve them. We believe that it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the investment strategy in order to monitor the relationship between real investment and capitalization of the companies, to predict the effects of investment policy of the state to potential and existing investors. To achieve these goals, we recommend the use of "index of investment climate", as well as the mechanism of factor analysis with detailed consideration of the factors that lead to the use of a particular investment strategy.