PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE, A PRINCIPLE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE
The article analyzes debatable issues of attributing the presumption of innocence to the principles of criminal justice. The conclusion is justified that legal presumptions, including the presumption of innocence, the presumption of knowledge of the law, the presumption of harm caused by violation of the right to legal proceedings within a reasonable time, may have the status of a principle or an element of it, provided that they meet the requirements imposed on principles: normativity, regulativity axiomatism (nonderivability), conceptuality, inviolability, universality, etc. It is shown that a principle of criminal justice can be a presumption of law that has no statistical foundation, and that features a low level of probability. The author substantiates the provision that principles of criminal justice may recognize certain elements of the general legal status of an individual if their restriction is allowed in the conducting of criminal proceedings and, consequently, establishing the grounds, conditions, procedure and time limits for their limitation is required: the presumption of innocence, the inviolability of the person, the inviolability of the home, etc.