Patterns and features of the development of territories at various stages of the life cycle
On the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan, an analysis of the socio-economic development of municipalities at various stages of their life cycle is carried out. The article sets out the principles for selecting indicators characterizing various areas of functioning and socio-economic development of territories, which are divided into three blocks: economic, social, and environmental. The financial management of multilevel territorial entities, in contrast to the previously completed developments, is considered taking into account the factor of stage development, which allows us to formulate a theoretical basis for creating a model of financial management of territories specialized in stages and phases of their life cycle and makes it possible to take into account the patterns and features of their stage development. A system of indicators was selected based on statistical information from Rosstat and Bashkortostanstat on the development dynamics and socio-economic situation of municipal districts and urban districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan, each of which reflects certain aspects that identify the stages of the life cycle of territories. The generated set of indicators is tested for multicollinearity, as a result indicators with a close relationship are excluded. A pilot test was conducted to identify the stages of the life cycle of municipalities of the Republic of Bashkortostan (54 municipal districts and 8 urban districts), which allowed to identify specific features of the development of territories at different stages of their life cycle. Based on the unified system of indicators, the municipalities are classified by stages and phases of the life cycle: development (phase II), maturity (phase I and II), decline (phase I and II). The relationship between the resource and financial base and the stage-by-stage belonging of this territory is established. The development of the theory of the life cycle will contribute to improving management efficiency both at the level of the municipality and at the level of the region, which will make it possible to quickly make decisions on the further development of this territory (at the development stage or phase I of maturity) or provide for measures to change the status of the territory for its transition into a new progressive state (in the II phase of maturity or phases of decline).