PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSIS AND SURGICAL TREATMENT OF ISCHEMIC MITRAL REGURGITATION
Ischemic mitral regurgitation is a frequent complication of global or regional pathological remodeling of the left ventricle due to chronic ischemic heart disease (IHD). According to the data of different authors, hospital mortality in correction of ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) of high grades reaches 17%. An important problem is the assessment of the importance of ischemic mitral regurgitation and the mechanisms of its development. The choice of the optimal surgical strategy for moderate IMR is a matter of debate. There are many different types of surgical treatment of IMR, however, in each specific case, various reconstructive techniques or a combination thereof are used. The article presents an overview of the main mechanisms of the development of chronic IMR, features of the echocardiographic evaluation of the severity of mitral regurgitation in patients with IHD, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the basic surgical techniques used in the reconstruction of the mitral valve.