MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTH: METHODOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS (THE PROBLEM OF FACT)
The article is dedicated to the important methodological problem of modern psychology. The special topicality of the work is in the fact that this problem is not realized as methodological problem by many psychologists. There are no researches on the problem of the fact in psychology. The fact is traditionally interpreted as the result of observation and experiment, not allowing polysemantic interpretation. It contradicts widely known situations when the fact is estimated and interpreted in different ways. Such approach doesn’t allow to solve the problem constructively. In the article it is claimed that it is possible to solve the problem of the fact only considering it in the ratio with other methodological categories. A new approach to the analysis of the fact is being formed: consideration of the fact should be included into the integrative methodological conception. It is cognitive methodology of psychology. It is stated that psychology needs a level approach to the interpretation of the fact. According to this approach some levels can be emphasized in the structure of the fact: ideological, subject and procedural. Ideological level is connected with the interpretation of the subject of psychology, subject and procedural levels, accordingly, with the base category and modeling ideas. So the level approach can be realized if the problem of the fact is considered in the context of methodological theory of the scientific research. The perspective of further researches, directed to the search of synthesis of level structure and structural analysis, is planned.