INCREASE IN PRODUCTIVITY OF PRODUCTS OF ARTIFICIAL PHYTOCENOSIS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CENTRAL FOREST STEPPE OF RUSSIA
Land reclamation systems transform the agro-territories of the central forest-steppe of Russia. Protective plantations form various structures of the biocenosis. A special microclimate is created in the protected areas of landscapes. Forest strips in different ways affect the quantitative and qualitative indicators of cereal bio-productivity. The differences are most pronounced in dry vegetation periods. The best in influence and formation of the winter wheat crop are the shelterbelts of the blown and openwork structure. In drought zones (0 -30 N) in dry years, under the influence of blown forest belts, an increase in yield, stem length, spike and weight of 1000 grains is 14.8 - 21.2%, openwork -12.3 - 17.7%, dense - 8.5 - 11.5%, where the effective influence range is 28-30N, 23-26N and 16-18N, respectively. In moderately dry years, shelterbelts of the blown structure increase the yield and its morphometric indicators by 13.1 - 19.6%, openwork - by 10.5 - 15.4%, dense - 8.0 - 10.4%, where the reclamation effect respectively applies to 23 - 26H, 18 - 22H and 14 -17H. Forest strips contribute to a change in the chemical composition of winter wheat grains. In the streak zones there is an increase in gluten content by 0.77-3.12%. Near the protective plantations, an increased moisture content in the soil is noted, which leads to an increase in assimilation processes and, accordingly, to a decrease in the proportion of protein content in the grain. Forest strips should be considered as a natural reserve in the process of increasing the yield of agricultural products.