Determination of the stress-strain state of the ice cover with surface reinforcement under the influence of static and dynamic loads
In vast areas of Siberia, the Far North and the Far East, in marshy and wooded regions of the Russian Federation, in areas where there are often no bridges over numerous streams and rivers, and in other difficult terrain conditions, the main option for cargo transportation is transportation by winter roads and ice crossings. Often, winter roads are used to transport goods and equipment to oil and gas fields and fields where exploration activities are carried out. At the same time, in order to determine the bearing capacity of the ice cover at the crossings, in order to arrange and strengthen them, it is necessary to know the mechanical characteristics of the ice. An analysis of the experimental data shows that the maximum deflections and stresses in ice occur at load speeds close to critical ones. Therefore, the case of equality of the speed of motion to the critical one is calculated when solving problems of ice destruction during the movement of the load. The aim of the work is to determine the physical and mechanical characteristics of the ice cover using model experiments and verify their correctness based on the analytical expressions of the model. In the work, studies were carried out to determine the Young's modulus and bending strength for ice when reinforcing samples with steel reinforcement for various reinforcement schemes. A model has been developed for calculating deflections and stresses for ice reinforced with various reinforcement schemes, when a load moves along its surface. In model experiments, samples in the form of ice beams were used. Their physical and mechanical properties were determined using tests carried out on a special loading device. The destruction occurred under the action of pure bending. From model experiments, the reduced moduli of elasticity were calculated, the values of which were then substituted into the developed analytical model.