Features of Interpretation Subfossil Spore-Pollen Spectra Volga Upland (for Palaeobotanical Reconstruction)
This paper analyzes of subfossil spore-pollen spectra of 197 surface samples in six regions of the Volga Uplands. It has been established that they are sufficiently reliably reflect the composition of the forest plant communities, but the degree of participation in the pollen spectra of some tree species are not always consistent with their role in plant communities. Therefore, the interpretation of fossil pollen-spore spectra obtained must be considered for each forest species correction factors. The content of pollen Pinus sylvestris, Betula pendula, Alnus spp., Salix spp. throughout the Volga Uplands significantly overstated in comparison with rocks in the woods. Moreover, with increasing opening area, the correction factor usually increases. On the contrary, the content of pollen broadleaf species, always underestimated compared to their role in plant communities. High correction factors for Acer spp., Ulmus spp., Fraxinus excelsior are associated with low productivity, volatility and poor preservation of pollen. They are about the same throughout the territory of the Volga Uplands, as well as for Corylus avellana, but the content of pollen in the spectra of rocks and plant communities in roughly equal. For Quercus robur increase correction factor depends on the increase in continental climate from west to east for Tilia cordata - from the expansion of forest land. The content of pollen in the spectra of Picea abies significantly underestimated in comparison with the role of breed in pine and pine-spruce-deciduous forests in the forest regions and significantly overstated in the open steppe, which is associated with the conditions for the separation of pollen. Pollen and spores of bushes, shrubs, herbaceous plants and mosses in the spectra adequately reflect the characteristics of different plant ecosystems of each region’s Volga Upland. The data for all forest and forest-steppe regions of the study area were analyzed and compared with studies of other authors.