Scientific Approaches to the Mechanism Formation of Sustainable Development of Rural Territories of the Northern Zone of Krasnoyarsk Krai
The Arctic and Northern territories at the state level are recognized as the objects of the national strategic interests of the Russian Federation. Spatial development of the territories requires the development of a set of measures that affect all spheres of life and broad groups of the local population. This work is aimed at studying the development of rural areas and traditional industries of the North. The object of the study was the regions of the Far and the Near North of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Positive trends in the socio-economic development of these territories over 2011-2015 are as follows: the volume of investments in fixed assets per 1 inhabitant increased by 23.4 %; the volume of shipments of own production grew five times; the amount of social payments and incomes per person reached 471,790 rubles in a year. The main problems are the continuing outflow of population from the northern territories and the underdevelopment of the social infrastructure. In agricultural sectors, there is a decrease in the resource base (25.2 % of workers, 60 % of agricultural machinery, 49.4 % of generating capacity) and the strong dependence of profitability of agricultural production on subsidies. There is a tendency of the refusal of indigenous peoples of the North from traditional crafts. The solution of the identified problems and the key direction of the sustainable development of the northern rural territories is the formation of support agrozones for the processing of reindeer products and wild plant raw materials on the basis of science-intensive technologies. State and municipal budget investments, public-private partnerships, and budgetary subsidies should become the basic instruments. The mechanism of sustainable development should be based on the synthesis of organizational, financial, economic and institutional injunctive remedies. The implementation of these proposals should lead to an increase in the volume of agricultural products to 5 % per year, which will contribute to the employment of indigenous and local people by 2-4 % per year and to the increase in their real incomes by 6-8 % per year.