Consumption of antiretroviral drugs in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Objective. To evaluate consumption of antiretroviral drugs in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Material and methods. We analyzed data of the analytical agency IQVIA for the period from 2014 to 2020. Comparative analysis methods, time series and ATC/DDD methodology were applied. Results. Analysis of the Kazakh and international practices of antiretroviral therapy suggests that certain drugs used abroad including nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), integrase inhibitors (IIs) and CCR5 receptor antagonists are not included in assortment matrix determining pharmacotherapy of HIV-infected patients in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Assessment of antiretroviral drug consumption indicates increase of therapy availability that is expressed in increment of the volume of realized demand in physical terms by 84% in the context of decrease in sales in value terms by 17%. Structuring of antiretroviral drug consumption by producing countries showed that foreign pharmaceutical companies (the United States in value terms (52%), India in natural units (62%)) make the maximum contribution to sale structure. Assessment of consumption in each pharmacotherapeutic group demonstrates predominance of combined ARV therapy containing 2 NRTIs and 1 NNRTI and combined therapy containing 2 NRTIs in physical terms and PI with II in value terms. The Republic of Kazakhstan complies with the WHO recommendations on minimizing the drug resistance of HIV to antiretroviral therapy. Conclusion. The obtained results substantiate further research in improving the drug supply of patients with HIV infection aimed at expanding the national portfolio of antiretroviral drugs.