BASIC CONDITIONS AND FACTORS OF DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN THE KUBAN IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1960s
The article discusses the state of agricultural production in the Kuban and the measures taken by the central and regional authorities to intensify it in the second half of the 1960s. Information is provided on the achieved level of agricultural development in the Krasnodar Territory by the mid-1960s. The potential of the collective farms and state farms of the Kuban is revealed, taking into account their provision with material, technical and human resources, the main types and directions of activity are revealed. As a prerequisite for economic reform, it indicates a slowdown in the pace of agricultural development and an aggravation of the food problem due to the mistakes of the party leadership, headed by N.S. Khrushchev. The importance of economic reform in agriculture, developed on the basis of the decisions of the March 1965 plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, to increase the dynamics of agricultural production in the Krasnodar Territory is emphasized. Attention is drawn to improving the structure of agriculture, which resulted in the Kuban completing the formation of zonal specialization of crops, in accordance with the climatic conditions of different regions of the region. As the most important factors for the implementation of large-scale intensification of agriculture in the Kuban, the widespread introduction of mechanization, electrification and chemicalization of production is considered. In this regard, information is provided on strengthening the material and technical base of collective farms and state farms, improving agricultural machinery in the activities of specialized research institutes, and expanding the repair base. The process implemented in the second half of the 1960s is highlighted. agricultural electrification programs, as well as broad chemicalization, introduced both in crop production and in animal husbandry of the Kuban. The complex of reclamation work carried out at that time and the expansion of the sown areas of grain crops, especially rice plantations, are considered. Along with the positive results of the implementation of economic reform in agriculture of the Kuban, existing problems and difficulties are noted.