PRACTICE OF APPLICATION OF PROTECTIVE MEASURES IN FOREIGN TRADE
The present article discusses one of the key instruments for regulating the foreign eco-nomic activity of the state – protective measures. The essence of protective tools and its need for regulation of unwanted imports. The main types of protective measures, as well as the consequences of their introduction are analyzed. The types of restrictions and possible losses for the Russian economy from the introduction of restrictive measures by foreign partners are shown on the example of statistical data. The main task of the state in the field of foreign trade is to assist the export of domestic products and protect the domestic market from foreign suppliers. Protectionist policies are implemented by many countries, despite the fact that almost all mainstream economists agree that the world economy as a whole benefits from free trade. Tariffs levied by the government are basic protectionist measures. They raise the price of imported goods, making them more expensive (and therefore less attractive) than domestic goods. Historically, protective measures have been used to stimulate industries in countries in recession or depression. Protectionism can be useful as a tool for regulating foreign trade in developing countries. It can also serve as a means of enhancing self-reliance in the defense industries. Import quotas offer another means of protectionism. At the same time, protective measures are twofold, and in comparison with other non-tariff measures regulating foreign trade, in some cases they may not have their direct effect, such as, for example, a weak reaction from consumers, which even in the case of government those or other protective measures are still willing to pay a higher price for imported goods. In particular, in connection with the duty-free regime of free trade in relation to goods originating from the CIS, protective measures remain for Russian producers a reliable means of protecting the domestic market. Also, the introduction of anti-dumping or special protective measures is sometimes a response to the introduction by Western trading partners of economic sanctions and other trade restrictions on Russian products.