A LAPAROSCOPIC MODEL OF MAJOR ARTERY INJURY FOR COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF THE OPEN AND ENDOVASCULAR OPERATIONS FOR VASCULAR TRAUMA
Vascular trauma is one of the most challenging topics in the modern trauma surgery. The standard approach to treatment of arterial trauma is open surgery, but endovascular treatment is used more often in trauma, although the models for investigating such injuries are poorly described in the literature. Objective - to develop an adequate experimental model of severe blunt injury to the magistral artery presented as occlusive thrombosis of vascular lumen, with ability for evaluating effectiveness of open and endovascular procedures in acute phase of vascular trauma. Materials and methods. Seven sheep weighting from 25 to 35 kg underwent acute experiments including multiple repeated clamping of the left external iliac artery (EIA) with a blunt injury to the EIA and achievement of the intraluminal thrombus formation. Thrombus achievement was controlled by means of angiography using a catheter placed through the animal’s carotid artery. Blood flow velocity parameters - peak systolic blood flow and pulsatility index - were measured with an ultrasound device. Results. Six out of seven animals underwent successful operation with full traumatic occlusion of the EIA. One animal had its artery perforated during the repeated clamping process. The average time for making thrombosis was 55 (40-70) minutes. Formation of thrombosis was associated with significant reduction of both the measured parameters in the animals’ left posterior limbs compared to the right (uninjured) limbs. Conclusion. The developed experimental model allows performing comparative studies of effectiveness of open and endovascular procedures in closed magistral arterial injures with a high level of reproducibility.