Professional Education of University Students: the Concept, Structure, and Genesis of Development
The development of everyday-life and scientific ideas about the essence of education has come a long historical way, changing under the influence of socio-cultural, political, economic and many other factors. The article analyzes the ideas about the phenomenon of education formed in different historical periods. Special emphasis is placed on its integrity and versatility. A comparative review of the concepts of education in modern domestic and foreign science is carried out, the ratio of the concepts of "education", "educational system", "system of education" is revealed. It is stated that in the domestic pedagogical science the greatest scientific interest in the search for solutions to urgent problems of education was observed at the turn of the century, but in the first decade of the twentieth century, it decreased significantly, in the second decade it became barely noticeable. Against the background of solving the general problems of education, the author focuses on professional education, which, being both a specific type of activity of teachers of professional education and a scientific problem, requires new ideas and concepts. Their projection on the practical field of education in higher education should give qualitatively new results in the formation of the personality of future specialists, to ensure an increase in their readiness for professional activity. The paper presents the results of the analysis of theoretical and methodological orientations, conceptual apparatus, structure and other components of the knowledge about professional education of future specialists. The most relevant and promising areas of research are listed.