Pain Syndrome in Patients with Spinal Surgery
Purpose. To assess the severity and characteristics of pain syndrome in patients without and after surgical treatment of pain in the lower spine, as well as its relationship with the level of anxiety and depression. Materials and methods. 100 inpatient patients with lower back pain were examined and divided into 3 groups: preventive treatment, early and late postoperative rehabilitation. A comprehensive description of the pain syndrome was performed using the VAS, DN4, PainDetect scales, and the McGill questionnaire; the level of anxiety and depression was determined using the Spielberger - Hanin and Beck scales. Results. A decrease of the intensity of back pain during rehabilitation after spinal surgery was found. However, the proportion of patients with moderate and severe pain in the early and late recovery period after surgery remained significant (more than 80%). At the same time, in the late recovery period, there was an increase in the emotional component in the formation of pain syndrome with an increase of its duration, which was also confirmed by high values of reactive and personal anxiety in this group of patients. The proportion of people with neuropathic pain syndrome remained the same both in patients treated conservatively and in the rehabilitation period after spinal surgery, and was about 30%, which indicates a significant difference in the mechanisms of its formation and the need to find other ways to treat it. Conclusion. Despite the decrease of the intensity of pain in patients after spinal surgery, the proportion of people with moderate and severe pain remained high. They developed an emotional component of pain syndrome with high rates of anxiety and depression. The neuropathic component of pain did not change, which indicates the need for its separate correction.