Foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan: problems, priorities and implementtaion mechanisms
The article considers the questions of foreign trade politics in the Republic of Kazakhstan, that occupy the special place in the governmental programs, liberalizations of foreign economic activity, adjusting and strengthening of external economic connections, rationalization of structure of export and import, for the increase of competitiveness of home commodities and services. Rationalization of the export and import structure is vitally important. The structure of import of republic is oriented to satisfaction of consumer needs. The main feature of export is its monooriented character, that is not typical for the world export. The monooriented character means that basis of export of republic is made by a few types of the exported commodities, mainly, raw fuel-material resources. In turn, it causes the narrowity of manifests of the exported goods, raw material specialization of economy, and also draws high dependence on the state of affairs of prices on the world markets of fuel and raw material. In our opinion, the main priorities of the state foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan should be the support of domestic producers in order to increase the country’s competitiveness, as well as the promotion and expansion of production through foreign economic relations. Clusters have effects on the nature of the development of foreign economic activity of the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is necessary to define the directions of state support of foreign trade activity development as well as develoment of international specialization of Republic of Kazakhstan. In our view, international specialization must originate from the presence of natural and purchased factors. Under natural advantages the special climatic terms and presence of natural resources are implied, and under obtained is development of technologies, in-plant training of workers, perfection of organization.