Influence of social and political processes on the development of the russian penitentiary system in the late 19th - early 20th centuries
The article is devoted to the influence of socio-political processes that took place in Russia at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century on the functioning and development of the penitentiary system. The author underlines that the penitentiary system was used as a tool for maintaining the government authority and control of dissent. The article contains the examples of the political struggle and, as a consequence, of the increasing number of political prisoners and toughening of incarceration conditions. Shlisselburg and Peter and Paul Fortresses are considered as examples of special political prisons. The author comes to the conclusions about the influence of socio-political processes on the development of the penitentiary system.