The prevalence of circulating <i>S. pneumoniae</i> serotypes in people older than 18 years: healthy carriers, patients with acute otitis media, community-acquired pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal infections (epidemiological study «SPECTRUM»)
<b>Objective.</b> To estimate the prevalence of <i>S. pneumoniae </i>serotypes in adults aged of 18 years and older, including healthy carriers and patients with acute otitis media (AOM), community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and invasive pneumococcal infection (IPI). <b>Materials and methods</b>. A total of 230 isolates of <i>S. pneumoniae</i> from 10 centers were included in the study from 01.06.2019 to 01.10.2019. Re-identification and typing using real-time PCR with 22 primer pairs were performed in the central laboratory (Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Russia). <b>Results.</b> In healthy nasopharyngeal carriers (n = 31), the following serotypes of <i>S. pneumoniae</i> were detected: 19F (29.0%), 6А/В (22.6%), 3 (16.1%), 11A/D and 23F (9.7% each), 14 (3.2%); PCV-13 and PPV-23 covered 80.6% and 90.3% of those serotypes, respectively. In patients with AOM (n = 18), serotypes were: 3 (16.7%), 11A/D and 6A/B (11.1% each), 19А, 19F, 23F, 7A/F (5.6% each); PCV-13 and PPV-23 covered 50% and 61.1% of those serotypes, respectively. Among 166 isolates from patients with CAP, the following serotypes were detected: 3 (12.0%), 19F and 6A/B (10.2% each), 14 and 11A/D (5.4% each), 9N/L (4.2%), 18 and 22A/F (2.4% each), 19A and 23F (1.8% each), 33A/33F/37 and 9V/A (1.2% each), 4 (0.6%), non-vaccine serotypes (41.0%); PCV-13 and PPV-23 covered 45.6% and 58.8% of those serotypes, respectively. Isolates from patients with IPI (n = 15) belonged to the following serotypes: 3 (26.7%), 12F, 23F and 9N/L (13.3% each), 4 (6.7%), non-vaccine serotypes - 4 isolates (26.7%); PCV-13 and PPV-23 covered 46.7% and 73.3% of those serotypes, respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>. The majority of <i>S. pneumoniae </i>serotypes in adult population in Russia are included in PPV-23, but not in PCV-13 (primarily due to serotype 11A/D). There was a high PCV-13 and PPV-23 coverage of serotypes from healthy nasopharyngeal carriers. PPV-23 covered more than 60% of clinical isolates, whereas PCV-13 covered no more than 50% (AOM - 50.0%, CAP - 45.6%, IPI - 46.7%), thus indicating a potentially lower efficacy of PCV-13 in adult population.