ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON PUBLIC HEALTH: A REVIEW OF METHODS
This paper presents a review of national and international theoretical and applied research on methods of health impact assessment. We focuse on two main methodological concepts of health impact monetization, namely, calculation of illness costs and assessment of willingness to pay to minimize the risk of negative heath consequences. The theoretical grounds and principles of application for both approaches are presented. An example of calculation using the data on of the willingness to pay to reduce the risk of death from hazardous environmental influences is presented. The internal structure of the approach to the assessment of health impact based on calculation of illness's cost is also presented. Calculation of costs, research perspectives and competing approaches to estimate indirect costs are given using the human capital method and the frictional cost method. Possible areas of application of various methodologies for assessing environmental health impact are described, their advantages and disadvantages are identified from the point of view of their applicability in various settings. Conclusions on the basic principles of choosing and adjusting the methodology for determining the economic burden of the disease for solving various research problems are presented.