The emergence of the azan in the light of the Muslim tradition
The article is devoted to the analysis of Muslim legends associated with the appearance of the adhan. On the basis of the message Ibn Hisham, al-Bukhari and other sources, the author reveals peculiarities of the for- mation of the tradition about adhan. The abundance of fantastic details in the story of Ibn Hisham allows us to assume its secondary character to other sources. The analysis of the pre-Islamic religious practices of the population of Arabia is evident, in the opinion of the author, about the lack of prototypes of daily regulation of ritual actions in the form of an oral appeal. The record of «the horns of the Jews» in the Muslim tradition about adhan also gives grounds for assumptions about direct influences and borrowings. The only tradition that during the time of Prophet Muhammad there was a call to prayer in the form of beats in beat (the bell) was Christianity. By the example of the message of Ibn Bibi about the Muslim conquest of the city of Sudak and the penetration of Islam on the Crimean Peninsula, the author shows steady opposition (azan - bell) formed in the Muslim tradition. Overall, according to the author, the legend about the origin of the adhan should be seen as a narrative of the emergence of a distinctive sign of Islam towards other religious communities, the story of one of the stages in the formation of religious identity of Muslims.