BACKGROUND AND FACTORS OF CHANGE OF URBAN PUBLIC SPACES IN CRISIS SITUATIONS WITH ACCOUNT OF PERCEPTION AND BEHAVIOR OF INDIVIDUALS AND SOCIO-TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES
The topic of transformation and optimization of the urban environment has recently attracted special attention. The article discusses the problems of urban areas associated with crisis situations, in particular of such objects of the urban environment as public spaces. It is necessary to study the possible transformation of public spaces in order to preserve their functions to improve the quality of life of the population, including communication, maintaining physical fitness, psychological well-being, general socialization of citizens and a number of others. The article discusses some suggestions for changing the urban environment. This, for example, delimitation of public territories by means of marking, turning roofs of buildings into parks with container gardening in order to maintain the physical and psychological health of citizens, zoning the territories of public spaces. All this will help in the future not to isolate urban areas from the population, but to optimize and transform them according to the needs of citizens, without creating a threat of the spread of the disease. The authors come to the conclusion that in the near future cities will have more opportunities to overcome such crises, which, unconditionally, will happen periodically. The authors also made a forecast about possible changes in the lifestyle of the population, conditions of employment, and the transformation of the urban environment after an epidemiological crisis. Among them there is a slight slowdown in the development of such new forms of organizing labor space and living as coworking and co-living, reducing the construction of office buildings, enhancing the automation of urban space, increasing the role of online services, multifunctionality and the ability to quickly transform various objects of the urban environment in the event of similar crisis situations.