Sapronoses as the Natural Focal Diseases
The regularities of the existence of pathogenic bacteria in the environment from the standpoint of the natural focality of diseases are considered. Psychrophility of Yersinia, Listeria, Pseudomonas, Anthrax and other bacteria provides the accumulation of biomass, increased production of some enzymes, the activation of pathogenicity factors. The patterns of circulation of pathogenic bacteria in the soil or water biocenoses, symbiotic relationships with variety of hosts (polyhostality, polypathogenisity), as well as ecological mechanisms that induce the formation of resting (nonculturable) forms of pathogenic bacteria, providing long-term reservation in natural foci are discussed. On the basis of the original investigations and the data of literature theoretical review in the field of the natural focality and the epidemiology of sapronotic infections have been formulated.