Innovative Activity of Industrial Enterprises: Measurement and Effectiveness Evaluation
The paper considers the indicators and multi-scale assessment of innovative activity of industrial companies. The research methodology consistently includes the analysis of the factors of innovative activity; collection and analysis of information about the indicators for assessing the innovative activity of industrial enterprises taking into account the defined factors of innovative activity; compiling of the short and aggregated lists of indicators for assessing the innovation activity taking into account the determined factors; defining an aggregate indicator of the innovative activity of an industrial enterprise. To define the aggregate indicator of the innovative activity we analysed the published reports of 57 companies, which have been the leaders in the industrial sectors for the last 15 years. Moreover, we analysed 40 scholarly publications focused on the assessment of the innovative activities and interviewed 16 experts, which are heads of large industrial companies. In addition, we analysed key performance indicators (KPI) of innovative activity recommended by the American Productivity & Quality Center (APQC). As a result of the research, we have proposed a methodology of the multiscale assessment of the innovative activity of industrial companies. We have selected 5 key performance indicators to calculate the integral indicator. Furthermore, we have developed an algorithm to calculate the integral indicator of innovative activity. In addition to the integral indicator, we recommend to use 3 indicative values, which influence the integral indicator: a) comprehensive indicator of the development of scientific research, research institutes, academic organisations, technology platforms, per cent; b) number of proposals to generate new technologies, technical and technological solutions from affiliated companies over the year; c) number of new competences acquired by a company from innovative activities. The production of this integral indicator of the innovative activity will allow to the industrial enterprises a more informative assessment of their innovative activities and innovation behaviour transformations.