Problems of forming the perspective points of growth of high-tech production
The current socio-economic situation in Russia is characterized by the impact of complex foreign policy conditions, the use of international sanctions, and the intensification of global competition. Internal features of the economic development of Russia are associated with the exhaustion of the export-commodity model of development. The new technical and technological system sets the tasks of transition to an innovative development paradigm. High-tech science-intensive enterprises should become the locomotive of the growth of the Russian economy. The criterion of reference to high-tech industries is a high level of technological development. It is defined as the ratio of R & D expenditure to gross value added. The concept of high technology is associated with the category of science intensity. It represents the degree of communication with scientific research and development. To date, the world share of medium- and high-tech activities in the added value of manufacturing industries is about 50%. Despite the positive dynamics, the share of Russia in the world production of high technologies is about 1%. The same applies to high-tech knowledge-intensive innovations. In this paper, the role of high-tech sectors in initiating the processes of innovative development of the economy is substantiated. We have outlined the main criteria for classifying production to the high-tech sector. We conducted an economic and statistical analysis of the activities of enterprises of the high-tech sector of the Russian economy, taking into account international comparisons. We assessed the main trends in the formation of the world added value of high-tech industries. We have identified the main trends in the formation of promising points of growth in the high-tech sector. We have identified the key factors for successful implementation of the tasks of innovative development of enterprises in the high-tech sector of the economy. The significance of the study is to develop the theoretical and methodological support and justification of scientific and practical measures aimed at the formation of a high-tech sector of the innovation economy.