Self-potential signals produced by pumping test of heterogeneous aquifer
In this paper, we present results of interpretation of self-potential (SP) signals produced by a pumping test experiment of a heterogeneous aquifer. Heterogeneity is represented by a zone with low and high hydraulic conductivity in two types of configuration: planned boundary and strip-layer. We studied five models for each type of heterogeneity with two variants of hydraulic conductivity. We carried out three-dimensional modelling with the use of Modflow (for hydraulic heads and electrical potentials) and ElSources (for current source term). The SP distributions obtained from the pumping test indicate heterogeneity. We calculated the values of the anomalous field for a detailed study of the heterogeneities. We found a correlation between SP and drawdown for the case of heterogeneity with low hydraulic conductivity. We defined both boundaries of the strip clearly for the zone with low hydraulic conductivity. The outer boundary of the strip-layer was not fixed due to the high hydraulic conductivity of the heterogeneity and low hydraulic gradient at the boundary. We estimated dependence of horizontal thickness of heterogeneity on SP distribution. The results can serve as a base for defining the heterogeneities in the aquifer.