METAPHORICAL TRANSFER OF MEANINGS IN THE OLFACTORY FIELD OF ADJECTIVES IN RUSSIAN, FRENCH, AND BASHKIR LANGUAGES
The author of the article considers the role of metaphor as one of the productive means of enriching the olfactory vocabulary in Russian, French, and Bashkir languages. The author explores the metaphorical transfer of meanings of the olfactory adjectives in three non-related languages within the framework of comparative linguistics. The topicality of the present study is predetermined by the fact that the study of types of semantic variation in the olfactory domain of the three non-related languages from the cognitive point of view is one of the ways of penetration into the human language consciousness that allows us to understand the mechanisms of world categorization and conceptualization. Metaphors contribute to the formation of the language picture of the world, bringing the world outlook of the given nation into the language, reflecting it in the existing lexical units. The comparative analysis of semantic variations of adjectives revealed the general principles of formation of transferred meanings in Russian, French, and Bashkir languages. It might be concluded that the similarity of the metaphorical transfer in three non-related languages is associated with common physiological and psychological perception processes inherent in different nations. The distinctions in the metaphorical transfer of meanings are explained by the discrepancies in processing the obtained data by olfactory receptors and interpretation of this information according to collective/personal experience of the language users, as well as by traditions and stereotypes of the given language community.