SYNTHESIZING A DISPERSE Ti-Fe-V SYSTEM IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
In terms of durability, titanium alloys are the best basis for many materials, due to their high strength and corrosion resistance. Vanadium, as an alloying element, remarkably increases the elasticity, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of metal-based materials. However, vanadium is an expensive metal characterized by high melting temperature, which makes the alloys based on it very cost-consuming. This is why there is an urgent need for developing the techniques of obtaining such systems using a non-metallurgic method, such as by reducing iron/titanium/vanadium oxides or by electrochemical reducing the ions of iron and vanadium with titanium metal in aqueous solutions. If the initial solution contains simultaneously the ions of Fe<sup>3+</sup> and VO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, and hydrofluoric and citric acids, within the process of interacting with disperse titanium, a magnetic precipitate is formed resulting from the coprecipitation of iron and vanadium. The process is accompanied by reducing the proton donors (hydrogen depolarization) producing atomic hydrogen and releasing molecular hydrogen, which creates a reducing medium in the solution and in the disperse metallic matrix and, therefore, contributes to pertaining the unoxidized state of the metal phase formed. Using the methods of X-ray fluorescence analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis, we studied the elemental and phase composition of the powder particles of the poly-metal Ti-Fe-V system synthesized. It is found that the sample contains the metal phases of titanium, iron, and vanadium. The small amount of the oxide phase can be explained by the simultaneous reduction of proton donors (hydrogen depolarization), forming atomic hydrogen and releasing molecular hydrogen, which creates reducing conditions. Granulometric and microscopic studies have shown that, as a result of the process, the content of fine fractions decreases with the increase in the share of larger particles, i.e., there is a dissolution of relatively small titanium particles and a coprecipitation of the metals on larger particles. The disperse metal systems obtained can be used as precursors of multidimensional materials obtained using the method of high-temperature consolidation.