Study of biochemical composition of fruits at VNIISPK
The main results of biochemical study of the fruits of 12 different fruit and berry crops grown at the sites of variety research of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK) are presented. The lack of fruits and berries in the diet leads to a violation of the balance and use of high-calorie foods, leading to an increase in human weight and deterioration of overall health in general. Taking into account the importance of including fruit in the human diet, the emphasis is placed on such essential biochemicals as sugars, ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds. It has been found that the level of accumulation of these components in the fruits of the studied crops is different. In the studied crops, the accumulation of sugars in decreasing order are in the following order: sweet cherry >sour cherry > apple > black currant > pear > plum > blackberry > red currant > gooseberry > strawberry > sea buckthorn; in the accumulation of ascorbic acid: black currant > sea buckthorn > strawberry > red currant > gooseberry > raspberry > blackberry > apple > sweet cherry > sour cherry > plum > pear; in the accumulation of total polyphenols: plum > black currant > sour cherry > red currant > strawberry > gooseberry > apple > sweet cherry > pear. The best cultivars are selected for each studied trait, which are of interest for further use in breeding to improve the quality of fruit indicators.