Relationship between the genetic structure of human populations and geographical and climatic parameters
Human populations live in different environmental conditions that require adaptation, especially to extreme environmental factors. The action of adaptive evolution is also reflected on human populations' genetic constitution. The study highlights the variability analysis of 25 SNPs single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) related to adaptation to a cold climate, as well as influence of climatic and geographical factors on the genetic diversity of human populations. The growth of the genetic diversity among the studied markers from Africa according to a modern human's displacement around the earth identified. Probably, the variability of alleles associated with adaptation to climate in some populations could be explained in the framework of the hypothesis of canalization/decanalization of genome-phenome relationships under natural selection during modern human dispersion.