BREAST PARENCHYMA MORPHOMETRIC INDICATORSIN NON-PREGNANT AFTER BIRTH GIVING AND WITH MASTITIS SHEEP
The aim of research is to study the morphometric parameters of the epithelial component of the mammary gland in non-pregnant sheep, after birth giving and with mastitis. The studies were carried out in the Stavropol Region. The object of research was clinically healthy sheep (yarochka) of the Stavropol breed of various functional states - non-pregnant, after birth giving and with signs of mastitis. It was found that the area of ducts in the mammary gland in sheep of the Stavropol breed changes depending on their functional state. The minimum value of this indicator was observed in non-pregnant animals (293.00 μm<sup>2</sup>). After birth giving, the area of the milk ducts increases 5.45 times and reaches 1597.00 μm<sup>2</sup>. In mastitis, the average value of the area of the milk duct is significantly higher by 1.93 times (3081.00 ± 651.00 μm<sup>2</sup>) in comparison with the data of animals after birth giving. The area of the alveoli of the mammary gland in sheep after birth giving is 966.60 μm<sup>2</sup>, and in patients with mastitis, an increase (1954.00 ± 225.10 μm<sup>2</sup>) of its parameters is noted by 2.1 times. In sheep, variability of the parameters of the area of epithelial cells and the area of nuclei of epithelial cells of the mammary gland was revealed, depending on the functional state of their body. The average value of the epithelial cell area in lactating sheep and in individuals with breast lesions is significantly higher than in non-pregnant animals. In non-pregnant sheep, the average values of the area of the epithelial nucleus are significantly higher by 28.69 % than in animals after birth giving. The average values of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio in the epithelial cells of the non-lactating mammary gland in sheep differ significantly in comparison with the functioning healthy and functioning with lesions. The value of this parameter in sheep after birth giving is 19.15 % less, and in individuals with mastitis, it is 12.96 % higher than in non-pregnant animals. In sheep, the average values of the area of galactocytes and their nuclei during mastitis are less than after birth giving. The nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio in these cells significantly increases with mastitis.