ON THE “LEVITATION” OF A LIQUID
In the work the new problem is considered on the flow of a viscous liquid in a gravity field. The liquid contacts with two vertical solid walls. The boundaries of the walls are permeable for the liquid. The liquid is exerted by periodical in time influences having no predominant direction in space. The formulation of the problem includes the equation of Navier-Stokes, the equation of a continuity and the conditions at the solid boundaries of the liquid (at the boundaries of the walls). A series of new effects of unusual, paradoxical behavior of the liquid is discovered. In particular the effect of the “levitation” of a liquid is revealed which consists in that a liquid being in a gravity field (in the absence of any support, at a background of oscillations) is fixed, keeps the state of a rest. The presented work characterizes the development of the systematically realizing study of the unusual, paradoxical dynamics of hydro-mechanical systems under periodical in time influences. The investigations fulfilled in this direction permitted to reach an essential progress in the comprehension of peculiarities of the dynamics of hydro-mechanical systems, in the detection of new hydro-mechanical effects. To the present in particular the effects have been revealed of the paradoxical behavior of a solid inclusion in a vibrating liquid, of the “self-realized” transition of a solid inclusion in an oscillating liquid to the position of a prescribed orientation in space, of the predominantly unidirectional rotation of a liquid with a free boundary; the important distinctions have been determined for the oscillations of a liquid (the division of liquid oscillations in uniform and non-uniform oscillations has been done; the coefficients of the non-uniformity of liquid oscillations have been introduced); the existence of the phenomenon of the predominantly unidirectional motion of compressible inclusions in a vibrating liquid has been proved theoretically and experimentally. The presented work can be the base for the implementation of the investigations directed to the experimental detection of the new hydro-mechanical effects revealed theoretically, in particular the effect of the “levitation” of a liquid.