METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INNOVATIVE PROJECTS
This article is devoted to innovative projects, as well as the study of established approaches to assessing their effectiveness. A description of the essence of innovative projects is presented, which are a special type of investment in development, increase production potential and / or ensure the introduction of new products / processes / technologies. Innovative projects are characterized by a high degree of uncertainty regarding the achievement of the intended scientific, technical, economic and market results, and on the other hand, they require significant material costs, so the competent organization of their implementation is of great importance. The characteristics of individual investment methods and models used to assess the economic efficiency of innovation are shown. Based on the analysis carried out, a method for evaluating the effectiveness of an innovative project is proposed, which can be used as part of the initial evaluation of the project even at the zero phase, when a project implementation option is selected, which makes it possible to effectively manage the process at selected points of the project. This method refers to the concept of the marginal (minimum) value of the economic effect - the value that covers the specified costs of the project, which is the basis for assessing the coefficient of economic efficiency of innovative project option. An innovative project is the more effective, the lower the indicator of economic effect from its threshold value.