Planning of the Development of the Coal Industry of the Far East During the Period of Industrialization (1928-1941): Problems, Features, Results
The article deals with the problems of planning and reorganization changes in the coal industry of the Far East during the period of industrialization. It is shown that the main directions of modernization of the Far Eastern coal mining were determined by the general patterns of economic and economic development of the USSR. During the first five-year plans, the center released colossal financial resources for the reconstruction of the regional mine funds, the tasks of complete technical re-equipment of enterprises, increasing the volume of general and mechanized production, full self-sufficiency of the region with fuel were set. In practice, the results achieved turned out to be much more modest, the reasons for the current situation were both miscalculations in the planning itself and numerous reorganizations. Reassignments in the system of People’s commissariats, changes in the structure of the coal mining trust itself led to a poorly organized supply of equipment to the mines of the Far East. Due to the peripheral nature of its position, the Dalugol trust was supplied, as a rule, with decommissioned machines and mechanisms from the mines of Donbass and Kuzbass until the mid-1930s. In addition, when drawing up the plans themselves, the center, as a rule, did not take into account the production capabilities of enterprises, the regional specifics of the work of mines in the Far East; directly at the enterprises themselves, the lack of qualified personnel and unsatisfactorily organized work were serious obstacles to the fulfillment of the tasks set. As a result, despite significant progress in the modernization of the coal industry during the period of industrialization, the implementation of planned tasks was achieved only in exceptional cases.