SYNTHESIS OF ADDITIVES TO DIESEL FUEL USED IN AGRICULTURE
It is known that receive a quality fuel needed for modern engines, without the use of additives, now is quite difficult Search of components for multifunctional additives that can improve the lubricity and low temperature properties of diesel fuel was carried out. Renewable vegetable raw materials to produce various additives for fuels have used. The use of renewable raw materials to produce a variety of additives for fuels is of great interest. Analysis of the structure of the additives leads to the conclusion that the anti-wear and low-temperature properties of petroleum fuels improve surfactants having an amphiphilic structure. It is proposed to synthesize mono- and trietanolamides of higher aliphatic acids from renewable raw materials (technical non-edible camelina oil). Synthesis conditions are determined. For higher aliphatic acid ethanolamides: temperature 120-130 °C, the reaction time while stirring - 3 hours; interaction with triethanolamine is conducted at the temperature of 160-180 °C. Synthesis catalyst is NaOH. The structures of the amides of higher aliphatic acids was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. Analysis of IR spectra showed that in the synthesis of fatty acids from triacylglycerols monoethanolamide cis-trans isomerization of the double bonds does not occur in the molecules. It is shown that at the interaction of triacylglycerols with monoethanolamine the aminolysis reaction is advantageously carried out, and in case of the use of triethanolamine transesterification reaction proceeds along with aminolysis. It was established as a result of the research that obtaining surfactants, presumably could affect the performance characteristics of diesel fuels is possible on the basis of technical oils nonfood crops such as camelina oil.