IMPROVEMENT OF THE SZP-3.6 SEEDER FOR SOWING IN THE GRID
The strategy for the development of agricultural engineering for the period up to 2030 dated July 7, 2017 No. 1455-r is necessary to ensure the growth in the production of domestic agricultural products, technical equipment and reduce the level of import dependence through the introduction and use of new technologies in cooperation with science.To implement effective sowing methods and technical systems, the Fund for Assistance to the Development of Small Forms of Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere developed project 11071 GU / 2016 (20.02.2017) of a strategy for the development of sowing machines adapted to the climatic conditions of Siberia.The Irkutsk region is characterized by a short period of vegetation of plants, crops must be sown as early as possible and in a short time. With early sowing, seeds fall into moist, but not warmed soil, and their germination is delayed.The analysis of sowing machines and complexes revealed that their working bodies - coulters are not fully adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of sowing in the region. Noteworthy is the coulter group of the PK “DMS”, which forms a “warm” groove.Experimental studies carried out in the Irkutsk State Agrarian University when sowing grain in ridges revealed that the soil in rows under the influence of solar radiation warms up faster and seedlings appear 3-4 days earlier.The ridge formed above the seeds increases the area of illumination by 35-40% and contributes to their heating. At the same time, the ridge prevents the evaporation of soil moisture.The article proposes the modernization of the SZP-3.6 seeder, which is widespread in the region, for sowing in ridges. The seeder used constructive changes in the double-disk coulter developed at the Orenburg State Agrarian University and the arrangement of coulters proposed by the researchers of the Irkutsk State Agrarian University for sowing in ridges, which provide an active thermal regime and moisture conservation of soil moisture throughout the entire period of plant development.