About the cryptography history: the Leonardo Euler’s contribution in formation of mathematical basis for modern cryptology
The article constitutes series of historic studies and at the same time an attempt to analyze scientifically a brilliant stage for Russian and world mathematics. This stage is associated with Leonardo Euler who was the great scientist in mathematics, mechanics and physics. It expounds the role of L. Euler in foundation of number theory, as well as ways of using his achivements by modern scientists and observes some historical aspects of creating the Russian educational system in mathematics. Special attention is paid to the importance of Euler’s works for modern asymmetric cryptology (open key cryptology) and for the theory of cryptology protocols.