THE RISK ZONE AS A FACTOR OF PROFESSIONAL BURN-OUT OF MEDICAL WORKERS
The article presents the results of study of risk zones and factors of professional burn-out of medical workers. The theoretical foundation of syndrome of emotional burn-out, features of professional activity and individual characteristics of public health professionals are revealed. The original study used the Maslach-Jackson technique adapted by N.E. Vodopyanova to determine levels of burn-out depending on age and career pattern. The risk zones of everyday professional activity include such external factors as unregulated duration of working time and high load per single specialist due to deficiency of physicians, inadequate level of social support and legal safety, absence of market mechanisms of compensation of health damage, absence of national patient-oriented system within the framework of health care modernization, unpredictability of behavior of patients. The given priorities and difficulties are studied on the example of the Republic of Mari-El. The Republic takes measures concerning training of physicians (a special faculty is organized) social support and stimulation of medical workers in rural area is developed. However, there is deficiency of physicians, load per single physician increases, level of salary did not fit requirements of the May decrees of the President of the Russian Federation. The reduction of risk zones of professional burn-out will favor development of national patient-oriented health care system, introduction of automated work places for physicians and increasing of their qualification, development of comfortable environment and atmosphere of friendliness in medical organizations.