ЎЗБЕКИСТОН ШАРОИТИДА ТРИГОНОМЕТРИК НИВЕЛИРЛАШДА РЕФРАКЦИЯНИ ҲИСОБГА ОЛИШНИНГ ЯНГИЧА ЙЎЛИ
In the conditions of Uzbekistan, a simple and ordinary method of refraction is used to determine the relative elevations without vertical refraction coefficient or angle. Described that these methods require a two-sided simultaneous or non-simultaneous geodetic measurements. Working formulas for vertical refraction are presented by calculating vertical gradients in geodetic measurement points.