Domestic Piezoceramic Materials for the Mechanical Quantity Piezoelectric Sensors
Currently, there is a wide range of piezoceramic materials (PCM), which allows you to create various piezoceramic devices, among which mechanical quantities piezoelectric sensors (MQPS) for measuring vibration and shock accelerations, dynamic pressure and force are important for the industry needs. Their functioning is based on the use of the phenomenon of direct piezoelectric effect. Despite the continuous improvement of the MQPS, their metrological and operational characteristics do not always meet the technical requirements for their successful functioning due to the lack of PCM with suitable electrophysical parameters, therefore a choice of PCM with the most optimal electrophysical and mechanical parameters is necessary. The parameters of domestic PCM that can be used to create MQPS to diagnose complex technical and technological systems are given. The optimal evaluation criteria were selected by comparing the properties of known PCMs to ensure the specified MQPS characteristics. Comparative capabilities of existing PCMs, including the latest developments, are assessed, and recommendations are given on the use of various PCMs in relation to the operating conditions of a MQPS. Actual directions for further improvement of PCM are formulated, which are based on the creation of new low-temperature technologies for the synthesis of ultrafine powders of the PTS system phases and low-temperature technologies for manufacturing PCM based on them with a technologically regulated microstructure. This approach allows you to change the algorithm for creating new types of MQPS, in which the decisive role is played by the operating parameters of the piezoelectric transducer with the required set of electrophysical parameters and their stability to the effects of external factors.