CHANGE IN THE QUANTITY OF BACTERIA AND FUNGI IN ZEA MAYS RHIZOSPHERE IN CONDITIONS OF LONG-TERM EXPERIMENT
Changes in the microbocenosis (the number of bacteria and biomass of mycorrhizal micromycetes) in the rhizosphere zone of the arable layer of corn on leached chernozem, which has been cultivated for a long time in monoculture and in crop rotation with the use of mineral fertilizers, are considered. The molecular method of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry by biomarkers-fatty acid composition of cell membrane structures was used for the diagnosis of microorganisms. It is shown that the number of bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi in the corn rhizosphere zone was lower in the spring period compared to the autumn one in the control variant without fertilizers application, both in monoculture and in crop rotation. In the variants with the N60 application the increase in the number of bacteria in the rhizosphere zone of maize in the autumn were observed in the year with favourable weather conditions, and biomass of mycorrhizal fungi increased in the autumn both at favorable conditions and drought.