Analysis of Russian version of federalism in the context of the international experience
The article deals with the modern Russian version of federalism in the context of international experience. Thereupon, the contradictory processes of formation and development of the state and fiscal federalism in modern Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union up to the present time can be traced; the comparative-historical analysis of the selected economic, political and legal aspects of federal relations in our country against the background of international experience, primarily American, is carried out in historical perspective (See Apps: Multiple Choice). Federalism in the United States, unlike in Russian history, developed from the center to the states - essentially since colonial times. In our country, the process of devolution (decentralization) began virtually from the time of the collapse of the USSR, with sometimes held in a ridiculous form under the slogan: "Take sovereignty as you want." In other words, the processes of sovereignty in Russia on - essentially do not have a historical past, deep roots and traditions. Building a federal relations, modern Russian lawmakers will certainly take into account international experience, primarily the classical classic designs- American and German, firstly, in the allocation of authority between the central and local levels; secondly, in the settlement of the problems of the state and fiscal federalism, tax policy, in determining the capacity of the international relations of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Nevertheless, the experience of Americans, for that matter, and the achievement of other federations in the world (there are more than twenty), slightly adapted in the Russian reality after the collapse of the USSR. This occurred primarily because - for the contradictions that were laid out in the Federal Treaty of 1992 and contained in the Constitution of 1993. More of the powers of the federal government in modern Russia to this day greatly exceed the powers of regional authorities. There is no clear delimitation of jurisdiction of the federal and regional authorities. Especially it is not permissible in the area of tax policy, for objectively creates an unfair distribution of taxes between the subjects of the Russian Federation in favor of the federal treasury. International Relations of the Republic in Russia is much broader than the same areas or edges. The main problem of the decentralization process in Russia is that in this process the distribution of powers and terms of reference are, as a rule, from the top down, rather than vice versa. We have yet to solving the problems of the state and fiscal federalism, organize real control over the rights and obligations of Russian lawmakers at all levels, excluding nepotism, illiteracy, corruption, etc. in their ranks; This, in turn, will require access to data that reflect the activities of executive authorities in the central and local levels. It is necessary to use not only practical, but also scientific - theoretical analysis of public administration at all levels This will probably require amendments to the Russian Constitution, extend control functions Russian lawmakers.