Analysis of the incidence of malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity in the population of the Republic of Belarus for 1999-2018
Malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity are among the most severe diseases characterized by a long latent, asymptomatic course, rapid spread to adjacent anatomical areas. The purpose of this work is to analyze the incidence of malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavities in the population of the Republic of Belarus for 1999- 2018. As a result of the study, a significant excess of the incidence of malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavities of rural residents over urban ones by 1,2-1,8 times was noted; there was an increase in morbidity rates in all regions, with the exception of Vitebsk and Grodno regions; the frequency of newly diagnosed cases of malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity in the III-IV stages was significantly higher than in the I-II stages of the disease. The low detection rate of the disease in stages I-II and the high percentage of neglected cases in all regions of the country indicate an insufficient oncological alertness of primary care physicians and a lack of cancer literacy among patients. Timely detection and surgical debridement of precancerous pathology with biopsy and histological examination will subsequently lead to a decrease in the incidence of malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity.