NATURAL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS AND THE STATE OF AMBIENT AIR IN THE KAZAN CITY
The paper presents the analysis of natural and climatic condition and hygienic assessment of ambient air quality in Kazan city. Weather conditions largely determine the conditions of dispersion and accumulation of pollutants in the air and have an important influence on the formation of air quality. In Kazan long-term values of potential air pollution are from 2.67 to 3.0 (heightened and high level). Automobile transport is making the largest contribution to air pollution now. In 2011 in the city the proportion of transport emissions was 77% in total emissions. For the studied period the emissions from road transport increased by 2.2 times. Leading pollutants are particulate matter, carbon, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, benzo(a)pyrene. Ambient air pollution is a risk factor for the health of the city population. When exposed air pollutants the main critical organs and systems are respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Many air pollutants also are having a carcinogenic effect.