THE DESCRIPTIONS IN THE COMPOSITIONAL AND SPEECH STRUCTURE OF "STORIES ABOUT THE GLORIOUS TROOPS OF ZAPOROZHYE NYZOVE" BY A. KASHCHENKO
The research of specifics and functions of compositional and speech form “description” in the author’s style in the historical prose of popular litterateur of the beginning of the XX century A. Kashchenko is carried out in the article. Having analyzed different types of static and dynamic descriptions, the author of the article revealed that their subject-semantic values are connected with the representation of special social phenomena - Zaporozhye Cossacks. They are logically framed in the author’s stories or followed his reflections. It was examined that descriptions of men in the stories (positive and negative characters) exist as verbal and artistic developed portraits or as fragmentary characteristics. The second type is prevailing. The dynamic portraits of characters are composed from separate features in their moral, emotional, psychological, creative versatility. They accomplish characterological and coherent functions. The special type of individual descriptions written by A. Kashchenko is popular exposition of biographies of historical figures which remind business descriptions. They accomplish informative and introductive textual functions. It was found that the interior’s descriptions are mostly static. The author’s valuation in them is almost imperceptible, that’s why they are close to scientific ones. These descriptions contain numerous details from Cossacks’ way of life; they have national and cultural specifics and play important cognitive function. It was considered that the interior's descriptions are etude and panoramic as landscape’s ones. It was noticed that there is extra emotionality in the artistic representation of nature. Mainly it is due to the intensive use of coloristics. Landscape descriptions in the stories are anthropocentered, they can express the harmony or antagonism of heroes with nature, actualize temporal and spatial continuums. Certain compositional components appear as descriptions of mass festivities and collective work of Cossacks in their daily routine or during preparation for the military campaigns. There are local and subject markers in their base. The mastery of A. Kashchenko as a writer and battle painter is developed in this work. The plot forming function is accomplished via descriptions of attacks, fires, battles. The battle scenes are written realistically, emotionally, passionately. They are become more expressive through romantic accents. It was noticed that the author creates the battle landscapes and the battle interiors in his skillful way. It was found out that compositional and speech form “description” accomplishes various functions in the literary work and provides its perception in the unity of content and form.