CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL RESULTS OF CATARACT SURGERY IN TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS
Objective. The prevalence of cataract in patients with active tuberculosis of various locations in Moscow is 11,7%. The effectiveness of ophthalmic surgery in this category of patients has not been studied. Goal. To analyze the results of surgical treatment of cataract in patients with tuberculosis. Material and methods. 129 patients with cataracts underwent surgical treatment in 2009-2013: 43 with cured tuberculosis, 28 with eye tuberculosis, 58 with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Extracapsular extraction of cataracts was performed on 87 eyes (67.4%); phacoemulsification of cataracts - on 42 (32.6%). Results. Surgical treatment of cataracts led to a significant increase in visus in all patients: by 0.24 ± 0.16 units in group I, by 0.18 ± 0.17 in the II and by 0.34 ± 0.20 in the group III (p < 0.001). The variance analysis reveals that the improvement of visus after surgical intervention was determined by the following factors: the magnitude of the critical frequency of flicker fusion (p < 0.001), the type of surgery (p < 0.001), the sex of patients (p = 0.002), as well as the interaction of the factors «sex» and «type of operation» (p = 0.004), but not the clinical group (p = 0.066), age (p = 0.211) or baseline intraocular pressure (p = 0.730). Conclusion. Thus, surgical treatment of cataracts in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis leads to a significant increase in visus comparable to that of cataracts against the background of eye tuberculosis or cured tuberculosis.