ASSESSMENT OF LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY OF ALUSHTA AMPHITHEATER
The theoretical and methodological approaches to the assessment of landscape diversity are considered. For the territory of Alushta amphitheater analyzed the factors affecting its landscape diversity: geographical location, geological and geomorphological structure, climate, water, soil, flora and fauna. A landscape map of the territory of the Alushta Amphitheater made in ArcView 3.2 a. Worker M 1:50000. The map was developed at the local level. All the landscapes of the studied territory refer to the low-mountainous and mid-mountain landscape level of the southern macroslope of the Main Ridge of the Crimean Mountains. There are two landscape zones, four belts and 36 localities. Landscape structure Alushta amphitheatre is quite diverse, due to changes in the landscape in latitudinal and longitudinal directions. The originality of landscapes of this territory makes them stand out in the system landscape of the entire southern coast of Crimea and defines a relatively high diversity of landscapes. Estimated landscape diversity of the territory on the basis of the landscape map and the calculation of indicators of landscape diversity: the total number of landscaped paths, the number of typological contours, the average number of circuits on one type of landscape loop, the average area of landscaped paths, index fragmentation of landscape contours, degree of difficulty, the coefficient of landscape fragmentation index Diversity of Shannon. A map of the landscape diversity of the Alushta amphitheater on the Shannon diversity index is compiled. The greatest landscape diversity in the landscapes areas of oak, pistachio-oak, juniper-pine forests in combination with thickets of shrubs of the type shiblyak and friganoid groups on upland erosion, due to its unique seaside location, complexity of the geologicalgeomorphological structure and development history. The lowest landscape diversity is observed in the area of oak, beech, pine and mixed broadleaved forests in the middle mountains of erosion of the southern macroslope of mountains, due to the fact that this area is influenced by cold air masses from the North, and, as a consequence, the lack of pine forests and a number of thermophilic species. The diversity of natural landscapes is reduced due to anthropogenic activities. A variety of natural landscapes degraded by human activities. These data identify areas of high value, characterized by high landscape diversity and to identify the areas of need of restoration of natural landscapes, and can also be the basis for landscape planning and other planning of territory, including recreational nature.