Byetta Long as New Agonist of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptors
The discovery of insulinotropic hormones (incretins) - glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) contributed to the change in the scientists and clinicians views on the strategy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM). It has been found that almost 70% of postprandial insulin secretion in healthy individuals happens namely due to the effect of incretins, which is significantly decreased in patients with DM type 2 and glucose tolerance disorders. This discovery became the impetus for the creation of new drugs based on incretin effect: inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 and agonists of GLP-lreceptors. The results of international controlled multicenter studies of GLP-1 receptors agonist exenatide demonstrated its high efficiency and safety in patients with DM type 2 with overweight and obesity. Clinically significant is the fact that therapy with exenatide does not lead to the development of pronounced hypoglycemia, as the effects of GLP-1 depend on blood glucose levels. Despite the high effectiveness of exenatide in achieving of the target levels of carbohydrate metabolism and reducing appetite and body weight, adherence to the treatment of patients remains low. In order to increase adherence to treatment, the drug exenatide was developed with a regimen of application once a week. This is the first registered in the world GLP-1 receptor agonist of prolonged action. More than 18,000 patients have participated in clinical studies of this drug. In June 2011, the drug exenatide of prolonged action was approved by the European Medical Agency under the trade name Bydureon; in 2012 by US Food and Drug Administration under the same trade name. In March 2017, this drug was approved and registered by the Russian Ministry of Health under the trade name Byetta Long.