EFFICIENCY OF SPRING WHEAT SEED INOCULATION WITH ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA <i>BACILLUS SUBTILIS</i>
The influence of the Phytosporin-M preparation, created on the basis of endophytic bacteria Bacillus subtilis 26D, on the productivity, resistance to diseases of spring wheat plants under cultivation in various agro-climatic conditions of the Southern Urals and Trans-Urals: Republic of Bashkortostan (RB) hydrothermal coefficient (HTK) 1.0-1.2), Orenburg (HTK 0.19-0.72) and Kurgan (HTK 0.3-1.1) regions. Higher responsiveness to pre-sowing seed treatment with the biological preparation was observed in the arid conditions of the Orenburg region (increase up to 43%) and in the Kurgan region (increase up to 24%). The specificity of the interaction of endophytic bacteria with different genotypes of wheat varieties depending on their resistance to drought and belonging to the ecotype is noted. The biological effectiveness of the use of Phytosporin-M for protection against root rot in the RB was 42.5% and 70.6% (Zhnitsa and Lyuba varieties, respectively), in the Orenburg region 19% (Yugo-vostochnaya 2 variety) and 36% (Albidum 188 variety), in the Kurgan region 28-65% (Omskaya 36 variety). Biological effectiveness in protecting against leaf-stem infections in the RB was 68% (Luba variety), 44% in the Orenburg region (Albidum variety 188), and 53.1 in the Kurgan region (Omskaya 36 variety). The effectiveness of biological protection of wheat plants treated with the biological preparation did not correlate with economic efficiency and depended on the intensity of biotic stress. The positive effect of bacteria was also expressed in increased germination, survival, improved structural parameters of plant productivity. For the maximum manifestation of the beneficial properties of bacteria, the selection of the biological preparation should take into account its use in specific agricultural regions for certain varieties.