ASSESSMENT OF THE DEATH OF SOWN AREAS AND YIELD LOSSES OF CROPS DURING THE GROWING SEASON IN BELARUS
An assessment of the death of crops and the resulting yield losses during the growing season of major cereals, industrial and forage crops for administrative regions and Belarus as a whole for 1990-2019, using a statistical data on sown areas, gross harvests and yield from the harvested area was made. Using the multiple regression method, the conditionality of the death of crops by weather conditions was estimated. It is shown that the death of crops and crop losses in cereals and legumes in general is less than 2 % per year. The minimum values among them are characterized by winter crops, these indicators are somewhat higher in early spring crops, and the highest values are in corn and buckwheat (up to 8-10 %). Among industrial crops, flax stands out with high values of death and losses, and their maximum values are characterized by potatoes, open ground vegetables and fodder root crops. In the regional plan, the Grodno region is the least vulnerable to the loss of crops and crop losses, and the Vitebsk, Mogilev and Gomel regions are the most vulnerable. According to the estimates obtained, these negative phenomena can only partially be explained by the current weather conditions, their main reasons, apparently, should be sought in the organizational and technological costs of agricultural production.