The policy of import substitution of products in Belarus and the saturation of the russian market in terms of economic prohibitions
The article analyzes the dynamics of foreign trade turnover structure of imports of Belarus, the economic situation in Russia, the world economic reforms in Ukraine, the EU and the USA. The author identifies product categories on equity weight, reflecting the potential of import substitution: mineral fuel, oil, nuclear reactors, machinery and mechanical appliances, electrical machinery and equipment, vehicles. The article reflects groups of scarce, potential and export-oriented products for 2009-2013 on Belarus. The author proposed indicators for assessing the import load and import substitution. There is given the analysis of the dynamics, the growth rate of import volumes for each group (99 groups) of products. The article analyzes the dynamics of the import substitution level in Belarus. In order to increase export and saturation of the Russian market there can be used scarce and potential product categories: fertilizers, plastics and plastic products, wood, rubber, ferrous metals, electrical machinery and equipment, vehicles, mineral fuel and others. The author conducted a literature analysis on the problem of the imported products substitution and reflected detailed description of the export from Belarus to Russia. The article suggests directions for import substitution: subsidies, preferential loans, incentives, foreign cooperation, promotion of scientific research, production diversification, the temporary association of manufacturers. The main groups of products supplied to Russia from Belarus were described, as well as there was made the distribution of products according to their priority. The author studied the connection of import substitution with food security, which has a different meaning and interpretation in different countries, and which in most cases is considered depending on the scale of food insecurity.