ACTUALIZATION OF REALITIES AS A DISCOURSE-FORMING MARKER OF BORIS PASTERNAK'S NOVEL "DOCTOR ZHIVAGO" IN FOREIGN CULTURAL INTERPRETATION
The article explores the realia in the iconic work of domestic and world literature in the translation aspect. Based on the presentation of the main integrative provisions of interdisciplinary humanitarian knowledge, translation theory is considered as part of the language theory, and the translation process is positioned as a foreign cultural interpretation. In this regard, linguaculturology and philological hermeneutics are called as signiicant linguistic and philological directions in the ield of language theory. The paper summarizes the frequency types of realia and methods of their implementation in a foreign interpretation. The problem of actualization of realia is characterized in three aspects: 1) when broadcasting from SL to TL by a professional translator; 2) in a comparative study of the results of foreign cultural interpretation; 3) in the predicted perception of the reaction of the English-speaking reader, interested in the work of a foreign author who is signiicant in the world literature. In the analyzed work, a high concentration of the use of various types of realia, actualizing objectivity, time, place, is noted. Due to the complexity of the translation of the realia of the original work - Boris Pasternak's novel "Doctor Zhivago", their foreign cultural interpretation is carried out using various means -a description, less often an appraisal, which facilitates the perception of the text by an English-speaking addressee, at the same time, losing linguistic and cultural information; as well as the omission of superphrase unities, which are important for understanding the author's intent, is an unacceptable translation strategy, indicating a hopeless interpretation situation. It is shown that transcription, tracing, and, what is very important, comments given in footnotes are adaptive means for translating the original text in the analyzed novel. It is concluded that the nature of the translation techniques used indicates the linguistic and cultural richness of the source text, in which realities occupy the position of a discourse-forming marker. The result of a comparative analysis of two translations of the novel reveals the reasons for the discrepancies in the source text in the interpretation of realities: the inclusion of cognitive experience in two collective author versions of the translation does not provide the so-called objective interpretation.