EXPERIMENTAL MODELS OF DIABETES MELLITUS (LITERARY REVIEW)
Despite the long existence of diabetes mellitus and its high prevalence among the population, which has acquired the character of a pandemic, there are still many unexplored questions regarding both the pathophysiology of the development of the disease and methods of prevention and treatment [5,8,15,17,18]. Meanwhile, diabetes mellitus leads to numerous negative consequences, reducing the quality of life, in some cases leading to disability of the population, economic losses in health care [4,5,6,19,20]. All this necessitates an in-depth study of the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, means of its prevention and complex treatment, and leads to the creation of experimental models [6,15,18]. Currently, there are a large number of experimental models that allow the study of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, the means of their therapy: surgical, genetic, chemical, endocrine, immune models. However, all of them have their own advantages and disadvantages, which must be taken into account in an in vivo experiment [8,13,14,15].