Features of gestational period and perinatal outcomes in women with insulin resistance
Aim. To study the course of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in women with insulin resistance. Material and methods. A retrospective and prospective study of 102 women and their newborns who were born in the State Institution “Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology” for the period 2017-2019 was conducted. All pregnant women were divided into 3 groups according to the level of insulin resistance index (NOMA index). Group I - 42 pregnant women with developmental risk factors for diabetes with an insulin resistance index above 2.84. Group II consisted of 30 subjects with a NOMA index below 2.21, and Group III (n = 30) consisted of healthy pregnant women with a physiological course of pregnancy and labor. Results. Newborns born to women with a NOMA index above 2.84 (pathological insulin resistance) have a high incidence of perinatal complications: central nervous system defects, various degrees of asphyxia, hypotrophy, and immaturity. Conclusion. Insulin resistance in general affects pregnancy and has a negative impact on the course of pregnancy, causing a high incidence of complications such as threatened miscarriage, preeclampsia, chronic placental insufficiency and affecting perinatal outcomes.