THE BANS IN THE SYSTEM OF MARI CALENDAR HOLIDAYS
The article is devoted to review of the genre of Mari folklore, as ойöрö – bans. The authors determine the specificity and language peculiarities of the genre, reveal the connection of the genre with other ones of folklore, analyse bans in details associated with calendar holidays and rituals observance in the work. Bans go back to the ancient pagan conceptions of the people, when objects of worship were created in the era of tribal cults, and a certain system of beliefs and view had developed in relation to them, including a variety of beliefs, superstitions and taboos. The harmony of the composition, briefnessofойöрö provide its availability, durability ofassimilation; the inclusion of bans in genres such as a fairy tale, a song, a legend, bylichka and others facilitate visibility of perception, consistency and continuity in education and training. The function of bans is that they were designed to emphasize respect to the objects of worship. Compliance was meant to ensure the protection of these forces, safety and welfare of the genus and family, as well as the individual.