Great and modern judicial reforms: a roll call of times
In the article, the author solves the problem of making a roll call of times at various historical stages of the development of the judicial sphere in Russia. The analysis of the initial assumptions and progress of two judicial reforms that are of crucial importance for the development of Russia - the great judicial reform of1864 and the modern judicial reform - revealed their common features and differences. The comparative similarity of historical epochs, the General ideological basis for building democratic justice in the form of liberal values and ideas of the rule of law, the large-scale reception of Western legal institutions and norms, their contradictory and inconsistent adaptation to the national legal culture and legal reality, manifested in the rollbacks in the implementation of judicial reforms - these are the most common features of the compared reforms. The uncertainty of a meaningful assessment of the results of the reforms as a feature that is related to both domestic reforms reflects a lack of clarity about the goals of judicial reform. Both reforms result in the creation of a new configuration of the country's judicial system. But the goal is to create a full-fledged institution of justice that performs a new role in the life of society. The Achievement of this goal is correlated with the development of society and is therefore possible only within the framework of evolutionary development. The article was prepared in the context of participation in the International Scientific and Practical Conference "Judicial Reform of 1864 in Russia: History and Modernity”, St. Petersburg, December 24, 2019, Presidential Library.