Structure of polymer mixtures based on polyvinyl chloride
The paper presents the results of the study of the structure of polymer blends based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Mixtures of polymers have properties superior to the properties of each component separately, which is associated with the interfacial interactions of the two polymers. The main research in the field of polymer blends is aimed at studying the structure of composites subjected to shock and tensile loads. The structure and fracture mechanism are determined by the ratio of components in the polymer mixture. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate the structure of polymer blends based on PVC and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) triple copolymer. The objectives of the study are: studying the chemical composition of powdered ABS and extruded PVC/ABS polymer mixtures by infrared spectroscopy; comparing the structural features of PVC compositions at different concentrations of ABS. The main results of the study are that the structure of ABS by infrared spectroscopy, which determines the conditions of compatibility with PVC, has been evaluated. The effect of different concentrations of ABS on the structure of PVC compositions was considered. When adding ABS up to 20 phr the formation of a microheterogeneous structure of the composite is observed, and when adding 50 and 100 phr of ABS per 100 phr of PVC the formation of a continuous phase of two polymers was detected, which was confirmed by the results of enegodispersion analysis. The significance of the obtained results for the construction industry is that the formation of continuous phase of polymer mixture provides high impact strength of the final product compared to compositions based on individual polymers (PVC or ABS).