PREDICTING OF THE DANGEROUS ICEPHENOMENA IS IN LOWER TAIL RIVER-BED SMALL HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATIONS
Purpose. The paper considers the peculiarities of the development of dangerous ice phenomena on rivers that can be caused by the operation regimes of small hydroelectric power stations. Methodology. Simple analytic relationships are proposed that allow one to assess the influence of the transformation of the level and thermal regimes of the river on the risk of congestion and gluttons on the critical areas of the tailrace critical in the morphological sense. Result. The problem is investigated on the example of the Veliko-Sorochinsky small hydroelectric power plant, being restored on the river Psel in the Poltava region. It is established that the operation of pressure hydraulic installations of small hydroelectric power stations can be accompanied by an intensification of mash-zealous phenomena in the lower tunnels of stations in river sections located within populated areas. Mash and hanging ice dam's phenomenon in the lower tail of the Veliko-Sorochinsky station, under adverse circumstances, may cause winter floods. Originality. For the first time, on the basis of forecasting dangerous ice accumulations, it was confirmed that the operating conditions of small hydroelectricity after their reconstruction can cause floods in the lower reaches, provoke risks for riverside areas. Practical value. The results of modeling the hazards of ice phenomena in the lower reaches of the river basins of hydroelectric power stations help to react quickly to ice accumulations, to organize its safe passage. In the capacity of measures to combat ice phenomena in the localities of the tailings of channel stations, which are dangerous from the point of view of formation of congestion and floods, during the opening of ice, operating organizations are advised to monitor undesirable accumulations of ice and conduct icebreaking activities in time. References 8, no tables, 6figures.