Subject content and structural organization of learning discourse in teaching evidence-based monologue statement
The article deals with the problem of subject content and structural organization of educational discourse in the study of evidence-based monologue statements. The study substantiates such important methodological aspects as understanding the discourse, taking into account the unity of the text and the communicative situation, its implementation in the event plan, as a folded discourse. Pay special attention to the discourse as a structural object, realized in the time of the process and the expected appearance of the components. The article reveals in detail the issues of the content and functions of the linguistic and extralinguistic components of the discourse in teaching evidence-based monologue statements in close connection with reading, writing and listening. Particularly emphasized is the need to consider the relationship and connection of the categories “discourse” and “text” in teaching as a set of the process and result of the speech-thinking and communicative-speech activity of partners. Referring to the description of the educational discourse, the authors of the article introduce the categories of “macrodiscourse” and “microdiscourse” as a result of problematic semantic segmentation of discursive textual materials of the military-technical sphere. The article discusses the characteristics and two-component structure of the educational macrodiscourse, linguistic and extralinguistic components in their close relationship. Microtext, micromonologue, semantic dialogic unity of micromonologues based on the concept of M.M. Bakhtin about the dialogical thinking and communication. The result of the study and the information-targeted analysis of numerous speech units of the educational discourse and the didactic organization of the subject content, taking into account the semantic content of two problems and problematic issues on the general problem of the location, construction and architecture of fortresses of the Middle Ages in Russia and Europe, taking into account the security functions, defense and protection from enemies.