The two political facilities of Lenin: a professional revolutionary and a great reformer
The two forms of Lenin`s political activity as a professional revolutionary and as a reformer is discussed in the paper. The author focuses on the analysis of the complex process of transforming Lenin’s political setting after October 1917 - from a full confidence in 1919 that “only a few months separate us from the victory over capitalists around the world” to the idea (1921) “about the possibility for Russia to build socialism "alone" even with the existence of a capitalist environment. " The essence of Lenin’s revision of the main methodological setting is described in detail when the “revolution” was elevated to the rank of something divine. In the new post - revolutionary situation, it is necessary to learn to understand under what conditions it is necessary to act from revolutionary positions, and in which - from reformist ones. The idea of civil peace has become for Lenin a key one in the entire policy of NEP is argued in the paper. The author also considers controversial issues regarding the reasons for rejecting the policy of NEP in the late 20s of the last century. The conclusion emphasizes both theoretical and practical - political relevance of the ideas of NEP, which is confirmed by the whole practice of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.