Typology of Models of Speech Genre of Russian Language Essay: Specifics on Background of Trends in Development of Essay Genre in World Culture
The results of a study of variability in speech genre of Russian language essay in comparison with a foreign canon of the genre, in particular European, American and Latin American, are presented. The studies of the genre of the essay in the works of domestic researchers presented chronologically are covered. The question is raised about the nature of the genre of the essay and its basic characteristics. Comparative analysis of the implementation of parameters of the description of the Russian language and foreign language essay is presented. The basis of comparison is the variability of the relations for four basic speech genre parameters: type of the formal organization of the linear text, type of conceptual structure (gestalt, frame, script), type of strategy (interpretation, translation, persuasion) and belonging to one of the three existing variants of essays (literary, journalistic, scientific). Special attention is given to differences in the implementation of the principles of component relationships from the point of view of national specifics of the Russian language essay. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the analysis of the speech genre of the essay from linguistic and cognitive point of view has still not been made. Presented author’s development of analysis of essay text allows to more fully describe the specific features of this speech genre, and could become the basis for making a universal classification of speech genres in general.