Analysis of the energy intensity of the galvanic complex of machine-building production
Considered are the problems of energy efficiency of products of a large machine-building enterprise associated with the impossibility of regulating steam consumption and the seasonality of changes in energy consumption. The analysis of the consumption of energy resources by a typical large machine-building enterprise of small-scale and unit-type production is carried out. The reasons for the additional costs of the enterprise with centralized steam supply associated with condensate losses have been identified. It has been established that the most power-consuming is the galvanic complex. The reasons for the increased energy consumption of the galvanic complex are considered. The energy balance of the technological section - the galvanic complex, was compiled, reflecting the calculated thermal loads when heating the electrolyte and maintaining the thermal regime, depending on the operating time of the baths and the mass of the processed parts, taking into account the peculiarities of the operation of technological equipment. The most effective methods of energy supply have been determined depending on the load factor and the fuel and energy resource used for two typical baths of the galvanic complex. Three options of technological power supply are considered, depending on the load factor of the equipment and the technical possibility of its parallel-sequential connection. It was found that with all three schemes for connecting to alternative sources of heat supply, there is an increase in the energy efficiency of the use of fuel and energy resources, as well as a decrease in the cost of energy supply of technological processes in comparison with centralized steam supply. It was revealed that when organizing the operation of technological equipment in a parallel-sequential scheme, uniform efficient loading of steam generators and high energy efficiency of galvanic production are ensured. For the power supply of the galvanic complex, a combined scheme of heat supply by local heat sources from the power grid and gas steam generators is proposed, taking into account their fullest load.