Problems of unfinished construction and ways to reduce it
The article analyzes the volume of construction in progress over the years of the market economy, the scale of which in most regions exceeds the annual capital investment directed to construction. As a result, it was found that the most prosperous years were 2000-2010, when the number of unfinished objects decreased by almost 2 times, although in the whole country it is still huge and has a significant impact on the state of its economy. At the same time, it is noted that with the growth of unfinished construction, large capital investments are not only diverted from the national economic turnover for many years, but also the cost of completing such objects increases. The paper analyzes the causes of excessive volumes of unfinished construction (including long-term construction and abandoned objects), and also suggests a number of measures to involve them in economic turnover as a large investment reserve. As a result, the article offers two main directions for their implementation: first, completion or sale of unfinished objects, and second, prevention of new long-term construction or abandoned buildings. For the first direction it is proposed to develop a uniform, nationwide program completion or the problem of privatization of unfinished construction with its specification of the regions and use the sources, and funds from the yield of this process that will mobilize additional investment resources to complete other or building a new one. However, a mandatory condition for the formation of such an all-Russian program should be to conduct a complete inventory of each object according to the special passport characteristics given in the article, as well as to make an economically sound decision on each object and ways to implement it. In the second direction, a number of other opportunities were considered both to reduce and prevent the appearance of new problematic objects, as well as to increase the investment potential of the industry by involving unused objects or individual areas of both Federal and municipal property in economic turnover and transparency of their leasing under strictly legalized contracts and prices in the regions.