Adaptable metamaterials based on biodegradable composites for bone tissue regeneration
The influence of lattice and shell type architecture on the mechanical properties of biodegradable polymer scaffolds designed to create structures for bone tissue engineering is investigated. Varying the topology of nodal connections allows you to control the relative rigidity of the metamaterial in the range from 0.004 to 0.123. The possibility of creating permeable scaffolds using thermally extruded 3D printing based on polymers of different elasticities - polylactide and polyurethane is shown. The use of “unit cells” of various types makes it possible to fabricate structures such as shells based on polylactide with a compressive strength of 1.5 to 19.7 MPa. Shells with a cubic type architecture based on polyurethane can be almost reversibly deformed at values of technical deformation of more than 50 %. The developed approaches for obtaining polymer metamaterials and modifying their surface with calcium phosphate layer using an artificial interstitial fluid can increase the hydrophilicity of materials.