Equations for Determining Surge Impedance of Lumped Grounding Electrodes
Each physical process associated with spreading of lightning current in soil is described by individual criterion equations, which determine the entire totality of semispherical sets of grounding electrodes. It is not possible to write a single criterion equation for the entire lightning current sinking process from the lightning protection grounding electrode. Each nonlinearity coefficient corresponds to an individual criterion curve. The article deals with deriving criterion equations and plotting criterion curves the use of which facilitates determination of the surge impedance of lightning protection grounding electrodes and helps to analyze the associated processes.