ESSAY AS A METHOD OF CONTROL OF KNOWLEDGE AND ASSESSMENT OF COMPETENCIES
In this article, several definitions of the concept of "competence approach" are examined for revealing the effectiveness of the essay in the process of forming any competence. For example, it is an orientation toward achieving the main goals-vectors of education: learning, self-determination, self-actualization, socialization and the development of individuality. Here we distinguish the term individuality. The essay is just a means of revealing the individuality, because each student performs the building independently, based on his judgments and experience. Also, several definitions of the concept of "essays" are considered and a proper author's definition is derived. The essay is an author's, logically arranged, independent work with elements of using ideas and concepts from other areas of scientific and social life with the application of one's own experience. It is noted that unlike other types of written works, for example, abstracts, this is an independent composition-reasoning of a student over a scientific problem, it is not a team work, as happens when using the project method. To determine the formation of competence through an essay, the article specifies evaluation criteria. If the work of the student meets the established requirements - he receives the maximum evaluation. The criteria include the ability to logically build text, the ability to highlight your own position on the problem, the objectivity of the arguments, the accounting style of the presentation and the aesthetics of the design work. It is established that after checking the essay by the teacher, the following factors can be identified to determine the mastery of one or another competence: criticality of thinking; The ability to model situations; The ability to highlight the main idea and build a text around it, not moving away from the main theme of his writing-reflection; Ability to conduct reflection, evaluation of one's own activity.