COMPARATIVE TESTING OF VARIETIES AND SAMPLES OF WHITE LUPINE BREEDING BY THE LUPINE RESEARCH INSTITUTE IN THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION
For three years (2019-2021) in the fields of the collection nursery of the Department of Plant Production, Breeding and Vegetable Growing of the Belgorod State Agrarian University named after V. Ya. Gorin, a comparative test of varieties and samples of white lupine of the grain-forage breeding direction of the Lupine Research Institute was carried out. For the study, 4 varieties and 26 samples were taken, the standard in the experiment was the Michurinsky variety. The yield of seed varieties and samples varied significantly over the years depending on the prevailing meteorological conditions of a particular year, however, in all years, most of them significantly exceeded the standard for this indicator. It was found that, on average, for 3 years, the most productive samples were CH 17-14, CH 54-08 and CH 12-13, which exceeded the standard by 43...48%. An increase in yield from 34 to 39% was obtained from the samples: CH 816-09, CH 1735-10, CH 35-13 and CH 77-17. In the varieties Pilgrim and Scarlet Sail, as well as four samples: CH 18-13, CH 15-13, CH 55-14, CH 138-16, the excess relative to the standard was 21...26%. The Timiryazevsky variety and samples: CH 1397-10, CH 78-16 and CH 25-11 exceeded the standard by 13...18%. At the same time, the samples CH 76-16 and CH 1022-09 were the lowest yielding, significantly inferior to the standard. The calculation of the coefficient of adaptability showed that the varieties and samples that provided high and stable seed yields over the years are also highly adaptive to the arid conditions of the region, since this coefficient exceeded 100%. On average, for 3 years, its highest values from 120.9 to 126.8% were obtained in samples: CH 35-13, CH 17-14, CH 54-08, CH 12-13. This coefficient is slightly lower (at the level of 115.2-116.2%) in the samples: CH 816-09, CH 1735-10 and CH 77-17. The samples with the lowest coefficient of adaptability from 68.9 to 78.4% differed: CH 1022-09, CH 76-16 and CH 10-16. Most varieties and samples in the experiment exceeded the standard in terms of the number of beans per 1 plant and the weight of seeds from 1 plant. On average, over 3 years, the number of beans per 1 plant varied from 3.4 pieces in the sample CH 76-16 to 4.9 in CH 54-08 with 3.9 in the standard. The largest mass of 1000 seeds of 306.1 g differed in the sample of CH 25-11, in samples of CH 12-13, CH 2-17 and the Scarlet Sail variety, the mass of 1000 seeds exceeded 280.0 g. This indicator was lowest in samples of CH 35-13, CH 816-09 and CH 1022-09, its decrease relative to the standard was from 33.6 to 36.8 grams.