BIOENERGETIC EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT CROP ROTATIONS EFFECTIVENESS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF DRY-STEPPE ZONE
It is pointed out that with the transition to market economy the objective assessment of crop cultivation efficiency, usage of certain technology or the degree of payback can be made only by way of energy. The results of two-year studies on the effect of basic soil treatment on plants productivity in the system of crop-rotation are suggested in the article. The modes of basic soil cultivation, their influence on plants yielding in the system of crop rotation on chestnut soils in the eastern zones of Rostov region have been studied and their bioenergetic assessment has been made. It is shown that the energetic efficiency of crops is being enhanced in proportion to reduction of the aggregate energy consumption. Moreover, the highest indices have been observed with the grain-grass crop rotation for most crops grown under zero treatment, while in case of the grain-fallow-root crop rotation the moulboardless plowing was used. Under the conditions of arid steppes, on chestnut soils, the grain-grass crop rotation, including a great number of adapted high-productive crops, is preferable as to the bioenergetic effectiveness. It is ascertained that winter wheat sown on fallows is most efficient among winter crops; winter rye is the most advantageous crop in the line «non-fallow legume predecessor - winter crops», no matter what type of cultivation was used. The low energy efficiency of annual legume crops, as well as ineffectiveness of using sunflower in crop rotations has been observed.