The assessment of the effect of agricultural and climate changes on the spread of spring wheat diseases in the Predkamie Area of the Republic of Tatarstan
Wheat diseases belong to the principal biotic stress factors that negatively influence on spring wheat productivity. Development of diseases of a root system, leaves and a head result in decrease of both quantitative and qualitative characteristics of wheat harvest. For the last years Russia and the Republic of Tatarstan have seen significant climate changes, having great effect on the crops and on the pathogens. The paper presents the analysis of the data on the main meteorological indexes, disease development and spread and spring wheat productivity obtained during the period of 1992-2016. It has been determined that during the period the aridity of climate especially in May-June has increases. There is also an increase of root and pre-root rots of wheat, leaf blotch (septoriosis). Plant infection with rust and powdery mildew is reducing, spread of head diseases are increasing.