THE INFLUENCE OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS ON WATER-PHISICAL QUALITIES OF ALLUVIAL SOILS
Involving of the alluvial soils of the floodplain Insar central part in agriculture was accompanied by a change of vegetation, the systematic application of mineral fertilizers, intensive mechanical treatment, irrigation, which had an effect on the change in their water-physical properties. While long-term agricultural use for potatoes growing a highly compacted layer is formed at a depth of 20-50 centimeters, resulting in reduction of its water capacity, deterioration of the oxidation-reduction potential of the soil. Decreasing of the amount of humus in the cultivation of potatoes is associated with leaving a small amount of root residues and heavy decomposition. While cultivation of perennial grasses the decompression of subsurface soil observed, due to the powerful development of root systems of perennial grasses, increase of water capacity and the accumulation of organic matter. Under their influence, there is a decrease in the density of the 0-50 cm layer at 0,07-0,21 g/cm3, raising the total porosity by 3-8%, aeration porosity - by 0,4-5,9%.