OBESITY AND FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Currently obesity is becoming a sort of non-infectious epidemic. Obesity and its consequences are the main causes of increasing morbidity and mortality in population. Every fat cell is characterized by hormonal activity. Fat cells secrete more than 300 hormone-like substances. The effects of most biologically active substances secreted by adipose tissue have to be studied in the future. The functions of leptin, ghrelin, resistin are well known. Obesity is often associated with an increased risk of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational arterial hypertension, placental insufficiency and other complications. An anovulation, hypomenstrual syndrome, menopause syndrome are correlated with obesity. The risk of developing reproductive cancer is increased in patients with obesity. The treatment of obesity consists of lifestyle modifications, medical and surgical methods. The choice of adequate contraception in obese women is very difficult. Combined oral contraceptives can be prescribed in obese women. Ethinylestradiol may increase insulin resistance; Drospirenone (combined with contraceptives) is the most preferred progestin.