AIR POLUTTION FROM EVAPORATION OF OVERFLOWS AND LEAKS OIL PRODUCTS IN URBAN AREAS
Possible locations in the urban environment where overflows and leaks of oil products may occur are indicated. It is noted that the number of overflows and leaks of oil products in the urban environment is large and they occur constantly. The problems of air pollution in the urban environment from overflows and leaks of oil products are considered, on the example of petrol filling station. It is underlined that air most pollute at overflows and leaks of oil products in urban areas due to evaporation of oil products. The insufficiency of the applied measures at overflows and leaks of oil products is indicated. It is noted that the volume of a single leak of oil products is not known, as a rule. It is indicated that the volume of leak characteristic of the urban environment can be up to fifty liters in accordance with the regulatory and technical document. The areas of petrol leaks, which are typical for the urban environment, are calculated. The intensity of evaporation of petrol is calculated and mass flows of evaporation petrol from areas of petrol leaks are calculated on the base of obtained values. The quantitative assessment of mass flow of evaporation petrol from areas of leaks is carried out. The dispersion of petrol into atmospheric air from one square meter of leak is calculated by software. It is shown that there is an exceeding of the maximum single maximum permissible concentration of petrol in the atmospheric air at a distance of several tens of meters from the place of the leak even with insignificant single leak of petrol. It is indicated that there are cases when two or more leaks of oil products occur simultaneously in the urban environment. It is underlined that urbanized areas are characterized by a high density of objects where oil products are applied. It is noted that in the atmospheric air in the urban environment there are already background concentrations of petrol, which are close to the maximum permissible concentration of petrol. Increase of the concentration of petrol in the atmospheric air, which comes from the evaporation of the leak, can lead to an excess of the maximum permissible concentration. The task of updating measures to collect overflows and leaks of oil products is set in the urban environment.