THE COMPOSITION OF COW MILK AND SWEET BUTTER MADE FROM IT, UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ANTIOXIDANTS
The purpose of the research is to determine the effect of antioxidant preparations E-selenium and Butofan on the productivity of newly calved cows, the composition of milk, the dispersion of milk fat and the fatty acid composition of butter. The studies were performed with 12 newly calved cows - analogues of a black-and-white breed at the age of 3 years old, formed in three groups - a control and two experimental ones having 4 animals each at LLC Zarya, Ryazan district of Ryazan region. The dispersion of milk fat was determined by the number and diameter of milk fat globules. Sweet butter was prepared from milk in the traditional way, in accordance with the current GOST. An analysis of the butter for the fatty acid composition was carried out at Moscow Independent Laboratory for the Quality of Raw Materials and Food Products, LLC, using the hardwaresoftware complex for medical research, based on Chromatek-Crystal 5,000 chromatograph with the help of Excel program. The influence of the above preparations on the level of cow productivity, milk composition, dispersion of milk fat and fatty acid composition of butter was determined. When using preparations with antioxidant activity, processes of inhibition of lipid peroxidation processes in the body of cows at different stages of lactation occured and free radicals did not accumulate in the body. Butofan preparation had the most pronounced activity when used. The dispersed composition of milk fat in milk changed in the direction of increasing the number of fat globules with a predominance of a large fraction. This had some positive effect on the change in the composition of fatty acids in butter, on the increase in the fraction of unsaturated fatty acids and the improvement of the quality parameters of butter.