Territories of traditional natural resource use of minor indigenous ethnic groups of the North of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia): situation, problems and solutions
The article examines the situation and problems of protection of the rights and interests of indigenous ethnic minorities living on the territory of Russia as an essential primary direction of national policy. Another question concerned is about creating optimal conditions for the traditional way of life and sustainable ethno-demographic growth of small-numbered ethnic groups of the indigenous population, the protection of socio-economic and legal interests and the restoration of the traditional economic complex of occupations of minor indigenous peoples of the North, the protection of the natural resource capability of the territories of residence of minor indigenous ethnic groups of the North and elimination of existing and prevention of possible conflict situations. The mechanism of relations between the indigenous ethnic minority groups of the North and subsoil users is insufficiently studied and is relevant at the present time. There is a collision of two branches of the Russian economy: fishing, reindeer husbandry and hunting with the mining industry. The problems arising from the contact between human industrial activity and the distinctive economic structure of the indigenous people need to be solved. This article considers the current legislative and regulatory framework of the Russian Fed7eration regulating the life of minor indigenous peoples of the North. Specific characteristics of territories of traditional nature resource use of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) formed by local governments are considered and grouped by types considering features of a legal regime. The analysis of the main activities of the minor indigenous peoples of the North of the Republic of Sakha showed that the development of territories of traditional nature use affects the indicators of the standards of living of indigenous people. The survey of residents showed that the compensation for losses caused by mining companies should be not only the monetary form, but also the construction of improvement facilities that enhance the quality of life of the Northern population.