The conditions and meanings of the positive way of ethno-cultural enclaves’ development in the American cities
The phenomenon of ethno-cultural enclaves’ development in the American cities is a reflection of the huge population diversity in the USA. The city areas with high share of minority groups, with “ethnic” businesses and culture infrastructure, areas having specific image, toponyms and other features can be defined as ethno-cultural enclaves. These city areas often tend to become tourist and economical centers, ’’greenhouses” of comfortable adaptation for new immigrants, platforms of cultural interaction, and they do not turn into dangerous depressive “ghettoes”. The author supposes that the positive way of the ethno-cultural enclaves’ development may be reached by five main conditions. They are: natural, spontaneous appearance of an enclave, high level of security, self-government of the community, cultural self-presentation of the minority, tolerance of the receiving society. The author also makes a suggestion that there is also a national meaning of existence of such enclaves in the American cities. The opportunity for different minorities of local presentation (having “their own” city areas) indirectly promotes preservation of the country’s territorial unity. The American experience of building a highly ethno-culturally diverse and successful society is unique. The same is relevant for the ethno-cultural enclaves in USA. It is impossible to copy and apply this experience to other countries. However, analyzing this experience is very important, it is essential for other countries to learn.