Environmental Challenges and New Vectors of Sustainable Development iIn Mo dern Conditions
Many nations in the rapidly deteriorating ecological environment (EE) form and develop ecological (organic) agriculture as one of the most important factors in achieving sustainable development, quality and food safety, the food and the national security of the nations. The author believes that organic farming is not only one of the methods of food production, but also an alternative to today's intensive farming, which in the short term, simply would not survive and guarantee the state food, and therefore, economic and national security. The author proves that the modern system of environmental law and institutions are undergoing significant and dynamic changes caused by the complexity of public ecological relations, the emergence of additional areas of ecological and legal regulation related to the activities of high-risk industrial, energy, and radiation-hazardous facilities, the negative impact on EE and human health of chemical, biological and other hazardous substances, materials and waste, accidents and catastrophes of natural and man-made disasters. Instability in the era of global change in the energy sector causes the increasing environmental risks, as, it primarily leads to the unweighted results in politics, seeking to satisfy all growing needs for energy economy without regard to the interests of future generations, and, secondly, to utilize new technologies, which influence on EE is studied poorly. It is shown that more attention should be paid to the proven in the world practice determination in implementing the specifications and the inevitability of positive and negative sanctions of legislation, economic incentives for environmentally beneficial activities, public and state facilitation of individual and collective patriotic care about nature, public fair competition of elites, business: in conjunction with other constructive approaches they can ensure the effectiveness of normative-legal acts (NLA), solving, inter alia, such environmental legal tasks, as insurance, expertise, certification, ecological and legal education