Knowledge Economy: Prospects for a Technological Breakthrough
The subject of the research is the aggregate sector of the Russian economy responsible for the production and dissemination of knowledge, for mechanisms of interaction of agents who exchange knowledge. The purpose of the work is determining the conditions for the development of the knowledge economy in Russia in order to establish prospects for technological development. The study used empirical and statistical comparative analysis, as well as a method for constructing an agent interaction model, which identifies the modes of knowledge exchange and their impact on the well-being of the population. As a result of the study, the impact of the mode of knowledge exchange between agents on the value of the welfare of the economy was determined. It is determined that the knowledge economy in Russia has the smallest share in gross value added among developed countries. However, it compares favorably with these countries in the level of equipment with computers, the Internet, and mobile communications, i. e., it has means of communication and dissemination of knowledge, the speed of which should increase, and the costs should decrease. Low activity in filing patent applications and introducing patents into production indicates that there are problems with the commercialization of knowledge and implementation of developments. The speculative nature of knowledge and the emerging technology bubble can lift the shares of high-tech companies that produce and implement new knowledge. To improve the efficiency of the knowledge economy and increase its share in the value added created, a system of policy measures is needed to reduce the costs of rules that are responsible for the production and dissemination of knowledge. It is concluded that to intensify the development of the knowledge economy in Russia, the program of digitalization and informatization of the economy is not enough, since what is required is an approximation to the model of full knowledge exchange, creating demand for new knowledge and technological renewal in all segments of the economy, while improving the technologies for selecting relevant knowledge and increasing the value of the labor of carriers of such knowledge.