The influence of chemical compounds on spring wheat sprouts of Pavlogradka variety
The article discusses the effect of fungicides on the sowing qualities of seeds, growth and development of sprout s. Laboratory experiments revealed the effect of disinfectants, the concentration of their active substance and the period from treatment to the formation of sprouts of soft spring wheat Pavlogradka. The effect of systemic fungicides Comfort, AltSil, Terrasil, and Alcasar was studied when applied at recommended dose and greater than twice the normal values after 1, 6, and 12 months after treatment. Then, they were compared with control samples without treatment. The sowing qualities of treated seeds were unstable, morphological and physiological indicators of wheat seedlings were not homogeneous. The use of disinfectants at recommended rate leads to decrease in germination from 5 to 31% after one month of storage in comparison with control sample. The number of roots 3.53-4.68 pcs. at 32-90% variation. In these experiments, the size of coleoptile did not exceed <sup>1</sup>/<sub>4</sub>-<sup>1</sup>/<sub>5</sub> of the seedling portion. The period of six month after treatment with chemical agents Comfort, AltSil and Terrasil positively affected laboratory germination, which achieved 82-84%. Roots formed equaled 4.4-4.9 pcs., and the coleoptile was <sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>-<sup>1</sup>/<sub>3</sub> part of sprout. Samples treated with Alcasar had no signs of fungal disease damage after 6 and 12 months storage, but their germination rate was 1.3-1.8 times lower. A coleoptile surrounded the grain at the base and formed a bent ring. The change in the shape of coleoptile was not observed in other samples and control variant.