Comparative Analysis of Source and Target Texts in Reference with the Notion of Poeticity
The paper considers the comparative analysis of ST and TT in reference with the notion of poeticity which is correlated with the philosophical notion of essence. It is defined as the typological dominant of the literary text and studied on the basis of two main principles: firstly, the specific character of the artistic activity during which literary texts are generated, secondly, the integrity of a text's form and content. In this aspect the typological dominant of the literary text is regarded as the unity of its typological properties including its artistic idea, emotivity, imagery and artistic lingual form. The purpose of the comparative analysis on this ground is to investigate, how the ST essence is represented in the target culture. The representation of the ST poeticity in the TT is considered to be one of the main principles of the comparative analysis used in theory, practice, criticism, didactics and history of literary translation. Methodologically the research is based on theoretical poetics, developed in philosophical, aesthetic, linguistic and literary aspects, as well as on cognitive-discursive and her-meneutic theories in Translation Studies. The author of the paper describes the stages of the comparative analysis, demonstrating it with the example of sonnet LXVI by W. Shakespeare in Russian translations by V. Benediktov and B. Pasternak. At the first stage of the comparative analysis the ST artistic ideas, emotivity, imagery and lingual form are investigated. It is revealed that the ST expresses the feeling of mortal fatigue caused by the depreciation of eternal values, that is realized in a system of images based on personification and opposition, and is objectified in a sonnet of Shakespearean model, the individual structure of which is characterised with framing, polysyndeton, syntactic parallelism, antithesis, and metaphor, which in whole constitutes the ST poeticity. At the second stage we consider the way the ST properties are constructed by translators and characterise the degree of their representation in two TTs. On this ground the latter are assigned to different types of literary translation: dissonant and consonant. It was revealed that the ST essence is fully represented the TT2 by B. Pasternak, who conveys the ST idea, emotiveness, imagery and artistic form consonantly. In the TT1 the ST essence is "refracted" dissonantly, because V. Benediktov changes the ST emotivity, laconic and abstract character of its imagery, reduces main characteristics of the ST form. The author of the paper outlines the perspectives of applying the notion "poeticity" in the comparative analysis of ST and TT in Translation Studies.