THEORY OF LIQUID DISPERSION BY THE NOZZLES
The main characteristics are considered and calculations of the main indicators of nozzle devices are given. Laboratory tests of nozzles of various configurations were carried out to determine the working width of the spot at different distances to the irrigated surface and the angle of the spray pattern, and dependencies were established to determine their effective mode of operation. As a result of testing nozzles with different spray patterns when determining the impact force of the jet, it was found that as the spray angle increases, the value of the impact force of the jet F decreases. This is due to the fact, that with an increase in the initial jet velocity, the torch length reaches a maximum, not only does the kinetic energy increase, but the sizes (diameters) of the sprayed medium drops, which leads to a decrease in droplet mass and an increase in the aerodynamic resistance of the torch jet particles. A bench for determining the impact force of a jet of various nozzles was developed and test results were obtained. During operation, due to the erosive wear of the jet holes of the nozzles, its diameter increases, as a result, the working atomization pressure drops, and the number and size of large particles increase. Therefore, periodically it is necessary to check the diameter of the nozzle holes and not to use nozzles, that have a hole diameter greater than the initial one by 10 or more percent. In the study of nozzles, the dependences of nozzles' characteristics on the initial parameters of the outflow of the liquid jet to the dispersity and shape of the torch were established. The values of irrigation spot width are established depending on the angle of the torch and the distance from the nozzle to the irrigated surface. The magnitude of the impact force of the jet, which occurs at the point of contact of the fluid jet with the irrigated surface, is determined.