EFFECTIVENESS OF SAFE GRAIN CROPS PRODUCTION UNDER DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
The results of studies on the regularity of grain crop yields and profits reduction from the forest-steppe zone to the steppe areas and dry-steppe ones are submitted in the article. It is shown that in the context of agroecological land groups the similar tendency is being observed, i.e. land cultivation becomes less efficient starting from uplands to moderately-eroded lands, strongly-eroded and solonchak soils. It is ascertained that intensification of technologies in all the agroecological land groups (uplands, moderately-eroded and strongly-eroded soils) results in increase of grain crop yields by 1.4-2.1 times, though certain differentiation in yielding between the groups is being observed, which is connected with different indicators of soil fertility and meteorological conditions available and is confirmed by the correlation-regression analysis. The planning of grain crops production depends on the agroecological evaluation of lands and individual share in the complex with zonal soils of very low fertility. It is proved by examples that our-days the most effective ecological and economic aspects are contained in the adaptive-landscape systems of farming. The authors are of the opinion that the system of crop farming of each farm enterprise should become the basic component of agro-industrial production.