ABOUT CORRELATION RELATION BETWEEN PRODUCTIVITY OF THE SUN ARTICHOKE (HELIANTHUS TUBEROSUS L.) AND SUM OF EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURES
In the future in the course of removal of new perspective genotypes of a sun artichoke knowledge influence of various agro ecological factors of the environment on a number of polygenic signs of a sun artichoke has great scientific and practical value. In this regard the task to study features of growth and development of various genotypes of a sun artichoke depending on cultivation them in various vertical zonality of the Republic of Tajikistan was set. Us were received by initial material for researches from a collection of Institute of botany, plant physiology and genetics of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan (IBPF and GP AN RT), from the All-Russian Research Institute of crop production (VIR, the Maykop experimental station) and Kuban agricultural university (Russia). Scientific works on studying of feature of growth and development and also manifestation of a number of morphological polygenic features of various genotypes of a sun artichoke were carried out during 2015-2017 in various agro ecological conditions of the Republic of Tajikistan: Vase district – 470 m; The Vakhsh district – 600 m; city of Dushanbe-840 m; Muminabad district-1200 m; Rasht district-1800 of m; Lyakhsh district of-2000 m; city of Vahdat (site Kanask) of-2550 m above sea level. It is established that efficiency of various sumpless of a sun artichoke to depend on height above sea level and the sum of effective temperatures. It is defined that in process of increase in height proportional reduction of the sum of effective temperatures is above sea level observed (over 10 °C) and it in turn causes reduction of efficiency of plants. The greatest number of the sum of effective temperatures is observed in the southern part of the republic at the height of 470 m above sea level in the conditions of Vase district (2700 °C), and the smallest number of effective temperatures is observed in the conditions of highlands of the Central Tajikistan, in the conditions of the city of Vahdat on the site Kanask at the height of 2550 m above sea level (480 °C). It is defined that with increase in the sum of effective temperatures significant increase in mass of stalks and leaves, mass of roots, mass of tubers and the general biomass of plants of a girasol is observed. Correlation communication between the sum of effective temperatures and these polygenic signs of a girasol positively high (r = 0.991 – 0.996). It is established that the most suitable zones for cultivation and obtaining high productivity of sun artichoke in the conditions of Tajikistan are areas, located at the heights from 460 to 1000 m above sea level, with the total amount of effective temperatures during vegetation of plants from 1800 to 2700 °C.