PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM OF FORMING THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF THE FUTURE TEACHER OF NATURAL SCIENCE AT THE UNIVERSITY
The article is devoted to the problem of forming the professional competence of the future teacher of natural sciences in the context of the methodology of the FSES of higher education, the orientation of vocational training at the FSES of general education, the requirements of the professional standard. The present study is aimed at studying the peculiarities of the professional training of the future teacher of natural science, which is carried out at Bunin Yelets State University in the field of bachelor's training “44.03.01 Pedagogical Education” (direction “Natural History”), “44.03.05 Pedagogical Education (with two directions of preparation)” (directions “Biology, Chemistry”, “Natural History, Geography”). The peculiarity of bachelors’ future professional activity in these areas and directions is that the subject content of their activities includes several subjects: physics, biology, chemistry, geography. The article affirms the idea that the key to the vocational training of future teachers of natural science is the integration of subject and methodological training. On the one hand, this integration is quite appropriate within the framework of one scientific field - natural science. On the other hand, this integration requires a serious scientific and methodological study of the grounds for the professional training of future teachers of natural science. In the article, professional competencies are analyzed as a result of mastering the bachelor program of the FSES of higher education, their structure is revealed: subject, methodological and psychological-pedagogical components. The key idea of this article is that in the professional activity of the future teacher, the methodological component is the central one, since mastering the method of teaching the subject presupposes the integration of the teacher's subject and psychological-pedagogical preparation. Also in the article the research of the problem of search of effective mechanisms of the formation of professional competence of the future teacher of natural science in the context of system integrative, competence, activity, technological approaches is conducted.