PHYSIOLOGICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE FORMATION OF COMPLEXES OF PHYSICAL THERAPY FOR PREMATURE INFANTS OF THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE
The article deals with the features of vegetative regulation of the heart rhythm of infants children born prematurely. 30 full-term and 30 premature infants of the first year of life were examined with distribution according to age periodization and taking into account stated and corrected age. The method of spectral and mathematical analysis of cardiorhythmograms, as well as methods of mathematical statistics, were used to assess heart rate variability. Overstrain of adaptation mechanisms was revealed in 43% of premature newborns. Significant differences in VLF, LF, and HF indices by corrected age indicate insufficient activation of the sympathetic part of the vegetative nervous system. During the orthostatic test, a mixed type of adaptation prevailed in 50% of premature infants. Children with mixed (predominance of central regulation of the heart rate) and asthenic types of regulation are recommended relaxation exercises, reflex gymnastics at a slow pace with a rare change of starting positions. With vagotonic and mixed (autonomous type of regulation) types - exercises on fitballs at an average pace with frequent change of starting positions. Massage, hydrokinetic therapy and dry immersion were performed regardless of the type of adaptation. After the pedagogical experiment, a significant decrease in the proportion of VLF waves and an increase in the mode amplitude were revealed, which indicated the normalization of adaptation processes.