SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POPULATION OVER 40 IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN BASED ON THE “URAL EYE AND MEDICAL STUDY” RESEARCH PROJECT DATA
Significance. Despite a large number of sociological studies conducted, socio-demographic aspects are hardly covered. However, it is these indicators that are important for the local government activities, development of state projects and programs on socio-demographic forecasting. Purpose. To study and analyze socio-demographic characteristics of the Republic of Bashkortostan population depending on the gender factor and the settlement type. Material and methods. A population study of people living in urban and rural areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan was carried out on the basis of the Ufa Eye Research Institute within the framework of the research project "Ural Eye and Medical Study" in 2015 - 2017. Results. Among 7328 individuals, 5899 people (80.5%) took part in the study. The share of women equaled to 56.26%, men - 43.74%. Rural dwellers accounted for 57.64%, urban dwellers - 42.36%. Average age of the participants equaled to 58.98 ± 10.69 years, including 59.54 ± 10.86 years in females and 58.25 ± 10.43 years in males. The average age of rural dwellers added up to 57.17 ± 9.98 years, rural dwellers - 61.43 ± 11.25 years. The age distribution of the population under study showed that the majority of people (17.61%) were aged 55-59 while the number of people aged 40-44 and over 80 was minimum. The distribution by ethnicity looks as follows: Bashkirs - 19.66%, Russians - 21.96%, Tatars - 45.19%, Chuvash - 10.88%, Mari - 0.39%, other nationalities - 1.93%. Discussion. The age distribution showed compliance with the normal trait distribution with the maximum occurrence of the indicator close to the average value, and a rare occurrence of the rather extreme values. There was a significant difference between the urban and rural population ethnic composition with the Tatars prevailing (49.74%) among rural dwellers and the Russians (49.74%) - among urban dwellers. Conclusion. The study has identified a strong impact of gender factors and the factor associated with the settlement type on the socio-demographic aspect, and their significant role in the population characteristics. The quantitative and qualitative difference between gender subpopulations and between subpopulations associated with the settlement type in terms of marital status, income level, profession, and education, confirms this pattern.