"Death of Philosophy" and Fight for its Legacy: Interdisciplinary Demarcation and Literary Philosophical Hybrids
XIX-XX centuries brought major technological changes, the deep social-economic transformations, radical values and ideological innovations. They were expressed in the new philosophies, speaking a new language on unusual topics. There are the topics of Life and culture, the man, his values, ways of his release, the structure of his mind and the meaning of existence. They expressed not so much the expansion of human horizons and deepening reflection, how many drastic changes within the academic community. We are talking about a quick comprehensive differentiation of scientific knowledge. There are a development of new themes and deepening reflection in a clean, professional philosophy. This is a “philosophy in the only consciousness, ” which gives rise to such a specialized field of higher abstractions such as phenomenology and new areas of philosophical interest as axiology and hermeneutics. The emergence of mass society in the XX century, Mass taste, “the new masses” and the literary market revives Socratic philosophizing and personal-moral reflection, aimed at the mass market. Such thinkers are the first media philosophers, connect a literature and philosophy. The old philosopher or “general intellectual” turns either in the methodologist of science or in academic or professional philosopher-writer. Ideological form of the collapse of traditional philosophy to new science and a new philosophy was Kantianism. On the one hand it was naturalists who wanted to apply Kant’s cognitive model in its experimental and theoretical practice. On the other hand, they were humanitarians who were engaged methodology. They were trying to establish the conceptual background of new areas of knowledge and competence. Offering new, it was a different reaction to the crisis of philosophy. It was the following topics including Life, human nature and the individual experience. These philosophers believed that philosophy is not dealing with what is necessary. Now philosophy can appeal to his real purpose, namely the study of natural life, essence of man and his existence. There are such exercises as Life philosophy, philosophical anthropology, and existentialism. These philosophers are becoming more well-known personalities than college professors.