FEDERAL INNOVATIVE FUND IN THE IMPORT SUBSTITUTION DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM
In article authors considered state mechanism of impact on formation and development of national innovative system from two positions: as set of the state systems which are responsible for realization of the main directions of the state activity in the field of policy of innovative development of the country, creation, development and monitoring of the institutional environment of innovative system of Russia; as instrument of impact on development of an object. Authors paid special attention to tools, methods and ways of achievement of the objectives of impact on object of management. In this article authors considered financial instruments of this mechanism as right now the problem of financing of innovative activity is the main constraining force. Experience of other countries demonstrates that guaranteeing loan financing therefore in article authors offered creation of Innovative fund as one of tools of the considered state mechanism of impact on development of NIS acts as the effective instrument of impact on innovative development of economy. This fund represents system of accumulation of the target innovative capital and has to work by the principle of endowment-funds for the state and business structures, and by the principle of mutual fund for private investors (natural persons). Criterion function of fund will be provision of guarantees or guarantees to the innovative enterprises and consumers of innovative production, and its creation has to base on public-private partnership. Creation of this fund can become one of tools of state mechanism of introduction of the national innovations providing import substitution in all branches of economy of the country.