Influence of Bacteria from Permafrost Rock on Soybean Cold Resistance
Laboratory tests were carried out on the seeds of Ikar variety of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and SibNIIK-315 variety of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr). We used the strain B1T of Bacillus megaterium, isolated from permafrost rocks obtained by drilling of holes to a depth of 35 m. The purpose of the research was to assess the impact of bacteria from the permafrost rocks on the cold resistance of plants of soybean and spring wheat. Seeds of wheat and soybean were treated with 1 ml of bacterial suspension (1х10Е13 m.c./ml) and 1 ml of distilled water (control) per 10 g of seeds with 1 hour exposure. Seeds were sown in 100 pieces in four replications and were grown for 20 days at + 22 and + 10 degrees. We determined to cold resistance of plants, germination energy, germination, length of sprouts, weight of roots and shoots. Application of the biological preparation for the treatment of soybean and spring wheat seeds contributed to the improvement of cold resistance of both cultures, influenced the increase in the energy of growth and morphological and physiological parameters of soybean plants. In the majority of cases a positive effect of the bacteria on the development during the initial growth phases, the stimulation of germination was noted for soybean, which predetermines a greater impact of the bacteria on the physiology of dicotyledonous heat-loving crops. The treatment of seeds by biomaterial from permafrost rocks increased the cold resistance of soybean by 11.0% and of wheat by 8.0%. The number of healthy germs increased by 9.0% due to the treatment by the preparation of soybean seeds, because of activation of seed germination and growth of weak plants. The increase in shoot weight was 4.7%, roots-12.0%, the length of the stem of well developed plants-30.5% and weak plants-81.1%. It was noted a weak influence of the preparation on the parameters of spring wheat, which can be caused by different physiological characteristics of crops and the degree of cold hardiness.