NEW APPROACHES TO IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGY FOR GARDEN CROPS AND VINEYARDS
Introduction. Analyzing the early studies by Russian scientists in the southern regions of our country, where favorable weather conditions often alternate with droughts and dry winds, it is necessary to constantly create new improved irrigation technologies, based on the principle of developing new methods and methods of irrigation, in combination with fine-dispersed sprinkling. Object. The object is technology of subsoil irrigation of vineyards and fruit and berry crops by means of subsoil humidifiers in combination with their humidification by fine sprinkling. The introduction of subsoil irrigation into irrigation technology in combination with fine sprinkling will allow controlling the physiological process of agrophytocenoses, and, depending on weather conditions, maintain the microclimate of the garden by regulating the hydrothermal regime during the cultivation of vineyards, fruit and berry crops. Materials and methods. We propose fundamentally new humidifiers for the implementation of trickle subsurface irrigation, which are based on corrugated irrigation pipelines. Constructive studies on the assembly and operation of the subsurface irrigation system intended for the cultivation of vineyards, berries and fruit crops grown on a trellis basis are presented. The physiological needs of the plant are based on the principle of the hydrothermal regime of the microclimate and soil. In the formulas when determining the future crop, the values of soil temperature indicators with a mandatory positive coefficient, and air temperature data with a negative coefficient should be inserted. Results and conclusions. The results of the development, application and operation of the module for local subsurface irrigation of fruit crops and vineyards are presented. Structural elements, irrigation systems are shown, structures are developed, and technological schemes for the placement of corrugated humidifiers in the subsurface irrigation system. The developments can be used as scientific information during the construction and commissioning of irrigation systems. In the complex of new developments of irrigation systems, an important role is played by a new approach to the creation of fundamentally new structures and technical means, and the irrigation technology itself.