MECHANISMS OF TEXT EXPRESSIVITY CREATION (A CASE STUDY OF TEXTS OF SPEECHES MADE BY ENGLISH-SPEAKING POLITICAL LEADERS)
This article covers different ways of creating text expressivity in political speeches. Expressivity in language and speech is created with the help of such components as emotionality, evaluation, imagery, intensity, stylistic coloring, and structural composition of the text. There are different points of view on the content components of expressivity. Thus the aim of this study is to distinguish between emotional and expressive units of language. Words of emotional vocabulary express emotions which make speech expressive. Expressive coloring may be present in various words which do not only denote emotions but also describe will power, thought or attitude to a certain fact or event. Thus emotional means of a language are always expressive, but expressivity is not always emotional. On the one hand, expressivity can be inbuilt by the author and can reveal itself via various linguistic markers on all levels of the language. On the other hand, extralinguistic features should be also taken into account. These include content, author’s intention, communication plot, etc. Text expressivity is formed at all stages of utterance generation, ranging from extralinguistic ones to the realization of the utterance. This is achieved both through a conscious and unconscious selections of such linguistic means that would have the best effect on the recipient. The review of the existing literature shows that the expressive aspect of the text has not yet been sufficiently studied, though it is one of the most important means of language necessary for completion of communicative and pragmatic tasks.