EFFECTS OF CROSS-ADAPTATION UNDER STRESS-FACTORS OF VARIOUS NATURE AND INTENSITY
In this paper, the effects of cross-adaptation under the action of stress factors of different nature and intensity are presented. It has been shown that the successive effect of chronic hpokinetic stress and infection leads to inhibition of bactericidal, hydrolytic and energy systems of neutrophils and lymphocytes, as well as to a decrease in the concentration of IFN and TNF in the blood plasma, which indicates a decrease in nonspecific resistance and immunological reactivity in animals. Hypokinetic stress also alters pain sensitivity at the threshold level in rats under experimentally induced acute thermal and electrical pain reactions, however, the direction of changes in the pain sensitivity of rats in these tests depends on the duration of hypokinetic stress, which indicates the modifying effect of hypokinesia on the pain sensitivity of animals, regardless of the nature of the pain stimulus. The protective effects of cross adaptation, associated with the activation of stress-realizing and stress-limiting systems of the organism, enable the use of adaptation to short stress effects in order to prevent and eliminate the most dangerous functional disorders and the activation of nonspecific mechanisms of body defense. Excessive in its intensity and / or long-term adaptation to a certain factor, for some time flowing successfully, and eventually leads to a functional depletion or hyperactivation of the systems involved in the adaptation process, that is, to the violation of their relationships, and, consequently, to pathological disadaptation, which reduces the functional capacity of the organism to the action of other environmental factors. In this case, the change in pain sensitivity (decrease and increase) in animals with hypokinetic stress can serve as a criterion for the transition of eustress to distress.