The Influence of the Discourse of "Global" and "Local" on Methodological Changes in the Theory and Philosophy of Culture
The article reveals the influence of the discourse of "global" and "local" on the transformation of the methodology of studying culture. The connection between the discourse of "global" and "local" and the discourses of postmodernism, postcolonial studies, the discourse of post-non-classical rationality, the discourse of spatial turn is traced. The combination of these discourses entailed the problematization of the model of European science, the rethinking of the phenomena of domination and submission, the actualization of research interest in systems of discursive, epistemological, and cultural exclusion. The main scientific results of the study are establishing the mutual influence of the phenomena of "global" and "local". "Local" is seen as original against the backdrop of "global", "universal", "standardized". The concepts "global" and "local" are formed in the modern era. The processes of globalization generate interest in the local, regional, unique-all this does not fit into the unified project of a single global world. Postcolonial studies and the decolonial turn criticize colonial thinking patterns that reproduce dominance and subalternism in science and in cultural reality. The discourse of plurality becomes possible only with the failure of supremacy and domination of the subject over the object. It is necessary to allow the subaltern to speak the language he wants to speak, and not the language he wants to hear. Manifesting a post-non-classical rationality, Vyacheslav Styopin states the need to conduct a methodological audit. In the modern era, no social, cultural, political theory claims to be universal and explaining everything. The global world does not have common ethical foundations. Marginal discursive practices were supplanted into the background space of culture and recognized as no longer relevant. However, the background space of culture creates innovations and is able to re-consolidate modern culture.