THE ORETICAL ASPECTS OF ENSURING INFECTIOUS WELL-BEING IN POULTRY FARMING AND SWINE BREEDING BY USING BREEDING METHODS AND MOLECULAR-GENETIC ANALYSIS OF DNA
The high intensity of production, the high concentration of animals and poultry per unit area, the large size of agricultural enterprises in the Russian Federation - all have a significant impact not only on the growth of animal infection but also create the prerequisites for the emergence of new infections, including potentially dangerous for humans. Associative genetic studies are needed to find markers of resistance to infection by vertically transmitted infectious agents or to more carefully select breeding animals that are not infected with actual infectious agents (pathogens of mycoplasmosis and salmonellosis in birds, pathogens of the reproductive and respiratory syndrome, swine fever in pigs). Modern methods for assessing genetic diversity should be used more widely, including when controlling the movement of livestock products from epizootic unsuccessful farms and vaccine preparations (for the source of origin of the appropriate batch of vaccine). The molecular genetics control of the breeding centers of birds and pigs both domestic and supplied from abroad is of great importance. Identifying the genetic heterogeneity of the party of parental forms makes us doubt that these animals really came from the corresponding tribal center, and are not rejected individuals from an epizootically unsuccessful enterprise. Molecular genetics methods for estimating the genetic diversity of agricultural animals are of more utilitarian interest. For example, the identification of counterfeit vaccines by identifying cell culture lines or lots of developing chick embryos on which vaccine strains of viruses were cultivated plays an important role in ensuring the country's infectious safety. It seems promising to adapt the SNP analysis to the minimum park of equipment available in veterinary and genetic laboratories and institutions, as well as the development of point-of-care testing for the most popular tests. The latter direction is developing especially quickly and is closely connected with informatization and application of various kinds of household mobile devices.