RESISTANCE OF BLACK CURRANT VARIETIES TO DISEASES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN URALS
In the conditions of the Chelyabinsk region (Southern Urals) in 2018-2021, the disease resistance of black currant varieties bred by the South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing - a branch of Ural federal agrarian research center UB RAS and other research institutes was studied. The most common pathogens on black currant are: American powdery mildew ( Sphaerotheca mors-uvae Berk. etc.), gray rot ( Botrytis cinerea Pers.), alternariasis ( Alternaria grossularia Jacz), ascochytosis ( Ascochyta ribis Bond.), lateral rust ( Puccinia ribesii-caricis Kleb.), septoria ( Septoria ribis Desm.), anthracnose ( Gloeosporium ribis Mont, etc.), brown leaf spot ( Stemphylium inffatus Sacc.), phyllostictosis ( Phyllosticta ribiseda Bub. etc.), tuberculosis ( Tubercularia vulgaris Tode). The most common pests of black currant are: kidney mite ( Cecidophyopsis ribis Westw.), leaf rust mite ( Anthocoptes ribis ), currant glassworm ( Synanthedon tipuliformis Cl.), currant gall aphid ( Cryptomyzus ribis L.), gooseberry shoot aphid ( Aphis grossulariae Kalt.), leaf beetle ( Archips xylosteana L), blackcurrant sawfly ( Eriocampa dorpatica Konov.), gooseberry moth ( Abraxas grossulariata L.), berry bug ( Dolicoris baccarum L.). The most dangerous and epiphytotic fungal diseases in the Southern Urals in the period 2018-2021, according to the South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing are powdery mildew, anthracnose and septoria. In the conditions of the Southern Urals, black currant varieties are affected by powdery mildew from 0.1 to 0.5 points; anthracnose from 0.2 to 1.1 points; septoria from 0.9 to 2.5 points.