A Shaping Phenomenon in Aesthetic and Art Culture
In the article it is considered the problem of the forming in the aesthetic and artistic culture, and also the specific character of the process of the forming is shown. The author offers his own concept of the aesthetic culture and its structure. The four-stage model of the formation process in the aesthetic culture is proposed, the specific features of each stage are described. It is shown that on the one hand the aesthetic culture plays the role of so to say «trial area» where the forms and measures of the processes in the nature and human activities are tested, on the other hand the forms and measures tested by the aesthetic culture are transmitted to the art (the key element of the aesthetic culture) and then being enriched with the help of conformities to natural laws and principles of the artistic creativity are retransmitted to the aesthetic culture and from it further to the activities which generate the creativity. It is confirmed that in any activity their own forms and measures exist but in the culture the universal criterion of the estimation of the forms of objects and phenomena are elaborated and it is the beauty. In the second part of the article here are analyzed the views of Aristotle and I. Kant on the problem of the forming in general and in the artistic creativity in particular. In his methodology the author proceeds from the fact that the role of these categories regarding each other is not absolute (the form is always dependent) especially when the art is concerned. It is stated that the superiority of the form in respect of the content can lead to the conversion of the art into a play without any aim and the superiority of the content in respect of the form can lead to the degradation of the art. The content and the form are equivalent. One is the consequence of the other. Different aspects are analyzed when the form in the art leads the content taking into account that in the long run these categories are correlated with each other more closely.