Features of electroencephalographic pattern in sporting horses with different types of higher nervous activity (VND)
In the study, we determined the functional status of the Central nervous system in sport horses with different types of higher nervous activity. We tested 15 goals sport horses dressage groups of different sex, breed and age, belonging to the equestrian club «New century», KSK «Bitsa». To determine the type of higher nervous activity horses we also have used motorbaking method developed by G.V. Parshutin and E.Yu. Rumiantseva, and supplemented by G.V. Parshutin and T.V. Ippolitova in 1974. The Basis of this technique is conditioned reflex movement of an animal for food. The experiments on determining the type of higher nervous activity, we held for 5 days in a row in the model arena stables size of 20 m wide and 30 m long. Study of the basic properties of the nervous system horses and differentiation by type of higher nervous activity lasted five days: Day I. Development of a conditional motor reflexes in one place reinforcements (starting from the initial position, the trough - feed); Day II. Consolidation of the conditioned reflex; Day III and IV. Experiments in transforming and inverse transforming of motor-food reflexes; Day V. Determination of stability of conditioned-reflex connections in the application of a strong audio and visual stimuli. Indicators of brain activity, we evaluated according to EEG by means of Polygraphic analyzer CONAN, using visual and mathematical data processing. Registration of EEG was performed using the special patented slam Ippolitova/Gauss, electrodes which have projected different lobes of the brain. According to this scheme, the electrodes are placed in pairs on each side of the forehead along the sagittal line and 1 cm from it. In the course of our experiments have been detected in horses investigated the following types of higher nervous activity: - strong balanced movable - 10 goal. (66,7%); - a strong balanced inert - 3 goal. (20%); - weak - 2 goal. (13.3 %). Strong unbalanced (unrestrained) type was revealed. Based on the analysis we conducted studies to argue that true and significant differences in EEG picture of sport horses with different types of higher nervous activity has been observed. The sport horses of all types of higher nervous activity waves in the Delta range is well expressed in all leads, but particularly in the frontal. Symmetrically reduces the severity of theta activity from frontal to occipital areas of the brain. Low frequency beta activity (13,1-25 Hz) as is well expressed in both hemispheres. Alpha-activity and high-frequency beta activity (25-40 Hz) are less than other rhythms. Significant differences in EEG picture of horses depending on the strength and balance of the nervous system have not been identified. Depending on mobility include greater severity of index of alpha rhythms and beta-2 in horses with a strong balanced inert type of higher nervous activity relative to horses with other types of higher nervous activity.