EPIZOOTIC SITUATION WITH RABIES IN ORENBURZHYE
The monitoring of rabies epizooty communication on the territory of Orenburg region over the period from 2003 to 2012 has been carried out. The results of studies show that cases of natural and urban-type rabies (dependent on the infection source) have been recorded in the Orenburg region. The maximum number of diseased animals was registered among cattle, foxes and dogs. The seasonality of rabies manifestation is characterized by the following maximum values (in the average) for the winter period - 45.3%; in the spring months - 31.9% and in the fall - 13.4%. The summer months are characterized by sudden decline of the index (9.4%). The changes in the number of predators are closely connected with the cyclic upswing of epizootopy, with its cyclic recurrence in the region being 2 years. The natural-geographic peculiarities render their influence on the natural rabies habitat. Thus the maximum amount of cases has been registered in the Preduralskaya forest-steppe (55%) and minimum - in Zauralskaya steppe and forest-steppe natural-geographic zones (8%). The localization of natural loci in the region is determined by the dispersal and the abundance of wild predators (on the average in the region): foxes - more than 9000 individuals, corsacs - about 4000 individuals, wolfs - 200 individuals. To solve the problem a complex approach is needed: organization of specific anti-rabies vaccination of wild carnivores, especially in the Preduralskaya forest-steppe geographic zone; differentiated vaccination of domestic and farm animals; regulation of the number of cats and dogs; catching of stray animals; explanatory activities among population and specialists. The urgency and great importance of solving the above problem is being determined by the existing cases of human rabies disease.