GRAPES AND PHYLLOXERA: INFLUENCE OF PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES THE BIOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF GRAPE ROOT SYSTEM
The aim of the work is to identify the effect of joint application of jasmonic acid with promising physiologically active compounds of various mechanisms of action on the biochemical characteristics of grape roots in connection with resistance to phylloxera. The work was carried out on the production and experimental basis of the DSTSVH branch of the CFSCHVW. The object of research is annual plants of the grape varieties Bianca, Rkatsiteli, Moldova, Agadai, Pervenets Magaracha, Decemberskiy, Podarok Magaracha, Antey Magaracskiy, Cober 5 BB, two-years Agadai plants against the background of phylloxera; physiologically active substances of various mechanisms of action: FAS-1-JSAS; FAS-2-NAS; FAS-3-EAS; FAS-4-JAS (jasmonic acid). The influence of jasmonic acid the processes of grape resistance to the vermin when used separately and in combination with JSAC, NAS and EAS preparations was studied. The nature of changes in the BAS content in the roots during phylloxera attack and FAS treatment in tolerant grape varieties has been studied, which allows us to get closer to understanding the mechanism of resistance formation at the biochemical level. Grape varieties that are tolerant to root phylloxera have different biochemical and hormonal statuses outside of vermin infection, which change to varying degrees in response to phylloxera infection and FAS treatment. The results of research indicate that carbohydrate, amino acid, and phenolic metabolism is associated and involved in the process of response and adaptation of the grape plant to the vermin with the corresponding hormonal status, but it is not unambiguous and unidirectional. Effects of the use of ZHAS (increasing the content of ABA, aromatic amino acids, tyrosine and phenylalanine, which are the basis of the shikimate metabolic pathway), allow to suggest an increase in the action of JSAC + NAS + EAS on the resistance of grapes to root phylloxera.