EXPEDITIONS OF D.N. ANUCHIN TO THE SOURCES OF THE VOLGA AND ZAPADNAYA DVINA IN 1894-1895 (THROUGH PHOTOARCHIVE MATERIALS OF THE EARTH SCIENCES MUSEUM OF MSU)
The Earth Sciences Museum archives possess a series of photo materials collected by D.N. Anuchin at the turn of XXth century. Out of 3649 storage items 108 photos describe the expeditions of D.N. Anuchin to the sources of the Volga and Zapadnaya Dvina Rivers in 1894-1895. The photos illustrate the places of Anuchin’s geographical studies during his expeditions. Not only are the photos illustrative of Anuchin’s research, but also they are of great interest from the viewpoint of economics, ethnography and geography. Anuchin’s expeditions were carried out in the frameworks of the Expedition aiming at identification of the sources of the main rivers in the European part of Russia (1894-1902). The Expedition was initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture and State Property with the direct participation of A.A. Tillo. The major purpose of the Expedition was to collect information on the sources of these rivers and to identify the conditions of their nourishment. Anuchin’s research aimed at measuring liquid water content of the lakes situated at the sources of the Volga and Zapadnaya Dvina Rivers. This process included investigation of their depth with the help of multiple sounding in order that it became possible to draw bathymetric maps. The results of these expeditions gave Anuchin enough material to write a series of works which laid basis for the development of Russian limnology.