THE NATURE OF THE OCCURRENCE OF FOREST BURNING AND THE ROLE OF CLIMATE CONDITIONS IN THE PRESERVATION OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS
The article is devoted to the study of factors that affect the restoration of vegetation after fires. The data obtained by measuring the effect of pyrogenic load on vegetation are presented. The analysis of the key factors and the dependence of the results of the fire on the accompanying factors. The types of vegetation are the most sensitive to the action of fire. The result of studies on the impact of fires on vegetation is to identify a group of factors that have a leading role in the restoration of vegetation after fires. The results of the study of the influence of the pyrogenic factor on forest ecosystems are presented. The influence of climatic conditions of the region on the frequency of forest fires in the Sol-Iletsky district of the Orenburg region is studied. The regularities of occurrence of fires in the forests of Sol-Iletsk forestry. The nature of fires in the forests of the Sol-Iletsk region is determined. Forest fires cause changes in biocenoses, transform their structure. Fires are distinguished by their characteristic effects on the ecological communities in different regions. Each region has its own climatic conditions, soils, amount of moisture, quality and composition of the forest stand. In the forests of the Sol-Iletsk region fires change forest biogeocenosis, suppress the growth of some species and intensify the development of other species. On the site passed the grassroots fire in adolescence is dominated by maple ash. Also, the death of trees of the first and second tiers, significantly increase the illumination under the canopy of the forest, which creates favorable conditions for intensive growth of grassy vegetation in the area damaged by fire, compared with the control, in the second year after the fire. Recovery after fires, under such conditions is much faster than in the steppe zone. Therefore, the preservation of forest resources in the steppe is a very urgent problem.