STUDY OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION OF RUMINAL MICROBIOTA WHEN USING HIGH-FIBER DIETS
Fiber is necessary for ruminants to stimulate the activity of the rumen, keep healthy and maintain a certain level of milk fat content. Its deficiency or, on the contrary, its excess content has a negative effect on ruminants, therefore, when organizing feeding it is necessary to consider not only the level of nutrition of the animal itself, but also the microflora of its proventriculi. The article presents the results of studies on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the ruminal microbiota when using high-fiber diets in the winter. It was found that the average daily milk yield was lower when high-fiber diets (23.0-26.11%) were used compared to that of the preliminary period. There is also some quantitative increase in bacteria of such genera as Bacteroides , Bifidobacterium , Escherichia and a decrease in the number of bacteria of the genera Lactobacillus , Lactococcus , Streptococcus , which are important enough to maintain an optimal level of feeding.