PLANNING AND PREOPERATIVE PREPARATION FOR SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS ON THE MAXILLA
While planning future dental implantation, augmentation is actively used, the indications for which are not always clearly detected. In our view, increase in the number of complications is associated with preoperative preparation of the patient, in which individual characteristics were excluded. Background: To improve the effectiveness of rehabilitation of patients with adentia in the anterior maxilla. Materials and methods: 57 patients aged from 35 to 45 years were examined. Patients were divided into 4 groups in preoperative preparation. The first group included patients with 2nd type of bone tissue, a thick gingival biotype and a direct occlusion. Тhe second group included patients with supraocclusion, 3rd type of bone and thin gingival biotype. The third group included patients with orthognathic occlusion, 2nd type of bone and average gingival biotype. The fourth group included patients with orthognathic occlusion, 3rd type of bone and average gingival biotype. The study of the gingival biotype was performed by visual inspection and probing. Type of bone tissue was assessed using the x-ray method. The study of the occlusion was performed clinically. To assess the results of treatment dimensions of bone tissue and treatment duration were taken into account, to assess the aesthetic result dimensions of soft tissues were included. Results: In the studied Groups 1 and 3, dimensions of crest bone were identified allowing dental implantation without using bone augmentation technique. In Group 2 all patients required the use of soft tissue augmentation technique. In Group 3 in three cases patients required soft tissue grafting. Conclusion: The use of bone and soft tissue grafting during dental implantation significantly improves quality of treatment and aesthetic result.