Sustainable Development of Digital Enterprises Based on a Balance of Interests of Stakeholders
Relevance. The digitalization of socio-economic processes has led to the emergence of a new phenomenon - a digital enterprise. Its properties and characteristics are not yet sufficiently studied in managerial and economic science. Various aspects of the impact of digitalization on the relationship between an enterprise and its stakeholders require in-depth analysis. Purpose. Conducting research on the relationship between the sustainability of the development of digital enterprises and the system of their interaction with stakeholders. Objectives: to analyze the prerequisites for the emergence of digital enterprises under the influence of the development and diffusion of new technologies; to identify the main groups of stakeholders of the digital enterprise and offer their classification; to study the mechanism of transformation of relations between stakeholders and enterprises with its digitalization; to assess the impact of digitalization of enterprises on their sustainability and suggest directions for its strengthening. Methodology. During the study, the methods of structural-functional, strategic, institutional and stakeholder analysis were used. Results. The complex nature of the impact of digitalization on the relationship between the enterprise and its stakeholders is established. The analysis of transformations in the economic mechanisms of the enterprise due to digitalization is presented, as well as the conditions for the emergence of new economic entities - digital enterprises. The main stakeholders of the enterprise are analyzed, the directions of their influence on the activity and sustainable functioning of the enterprise are shown. The impact of digitalization on the relationship between stakeholder groups and the enterprise is evaluated. The author's approach to the analysis of the relationship between stakeholder groups and the enterprise is proposed. It is shown that digitalization has a bi-directional effect on the relationship between stakeholder groups and enterprises, while the negative actions of stakeholders on the enterprise can be successfully compensated, which requires the use of several management techniques recommended by the authors. Conclusions. An analysis of the interaction of the digital enterprise with the stakeholders showed that the introduction of digitalization tools can successfully balance the interests of stakeholders. For digital enterprises, the “first step advantage”, known from the theory of strategic management, operates. The winnings (from the standpoint of sustainability of development and functioning) are received by those enterprises that earlier manage to transform into digital ones. This will allow them to compensate for the negative interests of stakeholders much faster, as well as offset the costs of implementing digital solutions in operational and strategic activities.