The stereotype of lipid consumption by patients with urolithiasis
Introduction. Various forms of urolithiasis are associated with a number of disorders and diseases in the pathogenesis of which lipid metabolism plays a significant role. Objective. To determine the stereotype of consumption of fats, saturated fatty acids and cholesterol by patients with calcium and non-calcium urolithiasis. Materials and methods. In 111 patients with urolithiasis, the stereotype of nutrition was assessed using an electronic questionnaire. The study included data on the consumption of fats, saturated acids (NLC) and cholesterol based on their daily intake by each patient. 2 groups were formed: group 1 - patients with calcium stones (n=81), group 2 -patients with non-calcium stones (n=30). According to the norms of nutrient consumption, each group divided into 3 subgroups: «below the norm», «norm» and «above the norm». Statistical analysis performed using the Statistica 12.0program (StatSoft, USA) using parametric statistics methods. The results of the statistical analysis were considered significant at the level of p<0.05. Results. It was found that in 29.6 (18.5- 40.9)% of cases, patients with calcium urolithiasis and in 25.8 (5.9-45.7)% of cases with non-calcium urolithiasis consume an increased amount of fat (p=0.55). Patients with calcium and non-calcium stones consume saturated fatty acids above the norm in 69.1 (58.3-79.9)% and 70.0 (52.6-87.4)%, respectively (p=0.89) and cholesterol in 64.2 (53.6-74.8)% and 60.0 (41.3 - 78.7)%, respectively (p=0.54). It was found that in 7.4 (0-15.8)% of cases, patients with calcium urolithiasis and 3.2% of cases with non-calcium urolithiasis consume insufficient amounts of fat (p=0.18). Patients with calcium and non-calcium stones consume saturated fatty acids below the norm in 6.2 (0-13.5)% and 3.3%, respectively (p= 0.34), and cholesterol in 28.4 (17.8-39.0)% and 3.0 (11-49.9)%, respectively (p=0.80). Conclusion. Patients with urolithiasis, regardless of the chemical composition of stones (calcium, non-calcium), consume an increased amount of fats, saturated fatty acids and cholesterol in 29,6 (18,5-40,9) %, 69,1(58,3-79,9) % and 64.2 (53.6-74.8)% of cases, respectively. The lack of consumption of fats, saturated fatty acids and cholesterol is experienced 7,4(0-15,8) %, 6,2(0-13,5) % and 28.4 (17.8-39.0)% of patients, respectively. The average values of both elevated and insufficient levels of consumption of these nutrients do not differ in patients with calcium and non-calcium urolithiasis.