Distribution of ascorbate system acids in plants growing on the oil polluted sites of the Surgut area
The results of ascorbic acid form quantitative content in Artemisia vulgaris L., Phragmites australis Trin. Ex Steud., Juncus alpino-articulatus Chaix. and Chamerion angustifolium L. growing on polluted sites are presented in this article. For solving this problem the plants were collected on bush grounds and oilfields (Ust-Balikskom and South- Surgut). The research was conducted on the base of «Vitamins, minerals and Metabolism» Laboratory of Scientific Research Institute for Nature and Environment of the North at Surgut State University, Khanty-Mansiisk Autonomous area-Ugra. The results showed that the plants growing in oil polluted territories have an increased level of dehydroascorbic and diketogulonic acids content, the reason for this being in a high activity of ascorbatoxidaze. The greatest quantity of ascorbic acid (AA) and ascorbatoxidaze activity was observed in plant levels of Chamerion angustifolium that were collected from bush grounds (№279B and №132). In general, the quantitative of dehydroascorbic acid content of bush oilfields ground was higher. The highest level of diketogulonic acids was, obviously, observed in bush oilfield ground № 279B, №110, №132. The control index was over in 16.0, 5.7 and 5.4 times. The plants with an increased diketogulonic acid content show a high ascorbatoxidaze activity. The correlation analysis showed that there is a high positive dependence between the index of diketogulonic acid content and the activity of ascorbatoxidaze (r=0,9). Artemisia vulgaris plants had a similar but a less marked reaction: the ascorbic acid content of bush ground № 279 exceeded the ascorbic acid content of bush ground № 279B, № 912, №132 in 1.8 time. Bush ground plants had a reduction of ascorbic acid content, it was lower than a control index. Artemisia vulgaris plants showed a high positive correlation dependence between the index of dehydroascorbic acid content power,the index of ascorbic acid content and ascorbаtoxidaze activity (r=0,63). Estimating the correlation ascorbic acid / dehydroascorbic between Chamerion angustifolium and Artemisia vulgaris on oil polluted territories we can observe its reduction in 2 times in both cases in comparison with the control. Consequently, the plants were in a condition of oppression in life activities process. Chamerion angustifolium is distinguished by a high sensibility of oilpollution, that is obvionsly manifested in diketogulonic acids increase. Chamerion angustifolium can be used as a biondicator of oil pollution. There is a correlation independence between the index of ascorbic and diketogulonic acids in the plants of oil polluted territories and the activity of askorbatoxidaze, which speaks about an intensive use of ascorbic acids as an answer to a stress factor. Among our studying plants, that grow on oil polluted territories, Phragmites australis and Juncus alpino-articulatusare are the most resistant to oil pollution, they are marked by an intensified synthesis of ascorbic acid and a high level of diketogulonic acid. Juncus alpino-articulatus differs by a high content of ascorbic acid in plants that grow on oilpolluted territories which characterises the existence of active ascorbic acid synthesis as an answer to a high pollution level. Analysing the correlation of ascorbic acid /dehydroascorbic Juncus alpino-articulatus, Phragmites australis and Chamerion angustifolium, we can say that adapted abilities of these plants have not been depleted yet as there is an intensive resynthesis of ascorbic acid. Considering the correlation of ascorbat acids system we can see that Juncus alpino-articulatus is exposed to less stress in Ust-Baliksk oil field as well as Phragmites australis in South-Surgut oilfield because it is these two species that synthesise intensively ascorbic acid at a high level of diketogulonic acid.