Regional experience in promoting self-employment and development of small entrepreneurship of unemployed citizens
The promotion of self-employment and small business is an important area of the State employment policy in the context of economic globalisation, increased precarious work, emergence of new forms of employment, intensive development and widespread use of information and communication technologies. The article reveals the shortcomings and advantages of self-employment, its types and scientific approaches to the study, the differences from hired labour and individual entrepreneurship. It places emphasis on the role and importance of establishing a special tax regime for officially registered self-employed people, changes in their social characteristics. The main factors and features of the Russian experience in the development of self-employment at the present stage are described in comparison with other countries. In this study, such methods as the comparative analysis method, the statistical monitoring method and the method of secondary analysis of sociological data have been applied. The authors have analyzed the dynamics of changes in the performance indicators of the Ministry of Labor and Employment of Irkutsk Region and the Republican Employment Agency of the Republic of Buryatia within 2017-2019 years, the main challenges hindering the development of self-employment and its lack of efficiency. The researchers have formulated proposals aimed at stimulating self-employment and small business and improving their regulation by developing entrepreneurial skills and studying the socio-psychological readiness of unemployed citizens, increase of the size of state subsidies and lump-sum financial assistance, use of international experience to promote self-employment in Russian practice, and simplification of registration procedures as self-employed workers and entrepreneurs, monitoring of the proper use of budgetary funds, carefully designed social protection of self-employed workers.