Adaptability and improvement of technology of lentils production in the steppe Volga region
They are given results of field and laboratory studies (2010-2014) on improving the technology of cultivation of lentil (Petrovskaya 4/105, Vehvskaya, Petrovskaya 6) in single-species and binary crops with the early crops, adapted to the conditions of southern chernozems in the steppe zone of the Right Bank region. It was found out that the late spring seeding time increased grain portion of the protein, mineral elements, and decreased the cellulose content compared to early spring seeding time. It was determined that the crude protein in the grain of lentil of Petrovskaya 6 variety naturally varied depending on the nutrition area, ways of planting and plant stand. When increasing region of plant alimentation and row spacing from 0.15 to 0.30 m qualitative indicators were reducing. The greatest increase in lentil grain yield was in binary agrocenosis with ratio of components 1.0: 0.8 and 1.0: 0.7 respectively. Being a dwarf plant barley in mixed crops with lentil Petrovskaya 6 provided better conditions for agrocenosis production capacity in comparison with oats. In binary crops yield of lentil with barley was significantly superior to similar crops of oats at the optimal proportion of components. Power efficiency of lentil with barley with the ratio of components according to the number of sown seeds 1.0: 0.8 was 3.5, and with oats with the ratio of components according to the number of sown seeds 1.0: 0.7 - 3.2. Compared to single-species of lentil crops its yield increased by 1.8 and 1.65 times respectively