THE INFLUENCE OF GREEN MANURE ON THE FERTILITY OF LIGHT GRAY FOREST LIGHT-LOAMY SOILS AND THE YIELD OF GRAIN CROPS IN THE RIGHT BANK OF THE VOLGA-VYATKA REGION
The purpose of the research is to identify the most cost-effective ways to use organic fertilizers, including green manuring methods when cultivating grain crops in grain-grass crop rotation. It was found that the inclusion of green manuring method instead of manureapplication led to a decrease in the level of hydrolytic acidity from 2.28 to 1.30. The green manuring method provided a large increase in the supply of humus in the soil - by 5.16 t/ha over the years of researches (80 t/ha), compared with the application of manure into pure fallow (74.84 t/ha). The largest supply of productive moisture in the arable layer before sowing was observed in pure fallow with organic fertilizer. Mustard fallow is slightly inferior to it - by 6.9 mm or 14.3%. In mustard fallow the accumulation of moisture is 41.2 mm, which is 5.7 mm (12.1%) less than in pure fallow. In the meter layer the difference is 22.1 mm or 11.8%. Mustard fallow under weather conditions that differed in different years provided a high winter wheat yield - 39.7-46.9 c/ha on a mineral background without nitrogen fertilizers and 37.7-42.1 c/ha on the same background with the application of 60 kg/ha of active substance of mineral nitrogen. Barley on average increased yields after nitrogen mineral fertilizer by an average of 13.2 c/ha or 3.5%. The highest level of profitability was obtained when cultivating winter wheat for mustard fallow against a background with the application of R60K60 - 177%, which is 1.04 times higher than for manured fallow and 1.6 times higher - on pure fallow under the same conditions. The level of profitability when cultivating barley on mustard fallow against the background with the application of R60K60 was 155%, which is1.1 times higher than with manured fallow and 3.0 times higher - on pure fallow under the same conditions.