Maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance in preterm infants with Very low and extremely low birth weight
Preterm infants, especially born with very low and extremely low body weight, are the most complex and vulnerable patients in modern neonatology. The immaturity of organs and systems, regulating water-electrolyte metabolism dictates the need to find adequate methods for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance during intensive care these patients. The aim of the article was to analyze the current data about the features of fluid and electrolyte metabolism and correction of its disorders in very preterm infants with very low and extremely low birth weight. Material and methods. A review of domestic and foreign publications, data from randomized clinical trials and regulations of clinical protocols and guidelines. Results and its discussion. Current data was described about the features of the fluid and electrolytes metabolism, as well as modern principles of diagnosis and correction of these components of homeostasis in preterm infants. Conclusion. Using evidence-based medicine recommendations during prescribing infusion therapy in preterm infants can not only stabilize their condition, but also to improve long-term outcomes and prevent complications such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, neurological and metabolic disorders.