RUSSIAN LEGAL ACTS OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY ON BASHKIR LAND OWNERSHIP: CONTENT AND INTERPRETATION
The article describes a number of legislative acts of the tsarist authorities of the first half of the XIX century on land ownership, which determined the pace of development of Bashkir society in a critical period of time for the region. It shows a historical retrospective of the state's land policy in the region during the XVII - XVIII centuries. During this period, the official authorities sought to take into account the interests of both Bashkir patrimony holders and various categories of immigrants from among the nobles, factory residents, and various categories of peasants. However, the process of implementing the state's land policy, which periodically took harsh forms, caused protests from the Bashkirs. This experience was taken into account by the tsarist government in the first half of the XIX century, when the land fund was taken into account through the organization of boundary work. In this regard, the normative acts regulate in sufficient detail the procedure for the actions of various state institutions on the distribution of land within the massifs of Bashkir land ownership. At the same time, the possibility of buying and selling communal lands for Bashkir patrimony owners was allowed, and at the same time restrictions were imposed on unauthorized resettlement of peasants to the territory of the region. A number of normative acts defined the procedural procedure for the alienation of land for Bashkir patrimonial owners. So, there were acts regulating the procedure for registration and the actual instances where it was allowed to conduct transactions for the purchase and sale of land with the specification of monetary amounts. Both central and provincial institutions had to work together here to ensure the successful implementation of regulatory acts.