The Russian Field of the Utopias in the 21st Century
In this article, several utopian texts created by novelists, as well as the studies of philosophers and literary critics in Russia from the years 2000 until 2011 are discussed. The article shows how the philosophical community is divided against Utopias: while liberal-minded scientists try to prove that absolute utopia and utopianism harm the social consciousness, other attempts are made to "justify utopias." The novelists mainly exploited models of communist society, established in 1950s by Ivan Yefremov and the Strugatsky brothers. At the same time, utopian texts are widely used to promote the newly established transhumanist Carian movement.