Social Policy in Line With the Reforms of the 1990s and Its Implementation in the Russian Far East
The article provides a retrospective analysis of social policy in the transition period from the stage of destruction of the Soviet model to the genesis of the liberal model. The author characterizes various approaches to the study of social policy, assessing their merits, and offers a concept for historical research. The study focuses on the adoption of projects for the denationalization of property and privatization in the context of the confrontation of political forces in 1990-1993, and also examines the reaction of Far Eastern politicians to the adopted liberal course of social policy. Attention is drawn to the special principle of regrouping local politicians, administrative and bureaucratic methods of privatization, and the implementation of other forms of social policy in the interests of certain groups. Aspects of the reaction of the Far Eastern residents to privatization as the main social reform are discussed. The consequences of privatization are revealed on the basis of the main methodological premise - the emergence and development of a new type of inequality. It is concluded that social policy in the 1990s led to a state of shock among the population of the Far East. Its beneficiaries were large private owners and managers. State structures have moved away from regulating social relations, controlling social stratification, and supporting the vast majority of the population. The large gap between the adopted programs and the progress of their implementation, as well as the social realities in the region, only reinforced this state.