Structural-semantic characteristics of comparative phraseological units in the Kumyk language
The research is devoted to study of the structural and semantic organization of comparative phraseological units of modern Kumyk language in comparison to Russian. The description of component structure of comparative phraseological units and their semantics in the languages compared is given. Specific feature of the Russian comparative phraseological units is the use of comparative conjunctions ( словно, точно, будто, как будто ) which, forming phraseological unit, transform structural semantics to certain value components of the comparative unit, participate along with other components in the formation of individual phraseological value. In the Kumyk language the function of comparative conjunctions is performed by postpositions йимик , кюйде and by an affix -дай/-дей . In Russian phraseology comparative phraseological units with conjunction как prevail, and in the Kumyk language we revealed phraseological units including a postposition йимик "as, as if". One of the distinctive features of the languages analysed is that the comparative construction with a verb as a basic word in Russian can be at least three-component, while in the Kumyk language it can be two-component as comparative function is carried out by means of an affix -дай/-дей , which joins a noun. В русском языке сравнительный союз чаще всего находится в начале фразеологизма, реже - в середине. В кумыкском языке показатель сравнения - послелог йимик - находится всегда в конце фразеологической единицы, а фразеологизмы, образованные при помощи аффикса дай/-дей, чаще встречаются в конце сравнительного фразеологизма.. In Russian comparative conjunction is most often placed at the beginning of a phraseological unit, rarely in the middle. In the Kumyk language a comparison indicator - the postposition йимик - is always in the end of a phraseological unit, and the phraseological units formed by means of an affix дай/-дей are often met at the end of a comparative phraseological unit. The most productive model of comparative phraseological units, both in Russian and Kumyk languages is the three-component model.