Engineering protection of buildings, structures and territoriesas a factor of innovative development of spatial planning
Introduction. A comfortable modern urban environment requires integrated spatial planning. An important constituent of integrated spatial planning is the engineering protection of buildings, structures and territories that ensures infrastructural development, natural positioning of construction facilities in ecosystems to preserve their natural relationships; protection of completed or constructed facilities from natural hazards, as well as protection of the population from the consequences of disruption into the ecosystem's natural processes in the course of construction. Materials and methods. Current legislation on urban planning, according to which the principle of effective use of territories is established, is considered. This principle is implemented through preparation and approval of spatial planning documentation that governs the positioning of capital construction facilities, the engineering infrastructure, as well as architectural and structural design, construction and reconstruction. It is noteworthy that the substantiation of a spatial planning project includes materials on activities performed to protect a territory from natural and man-made emergencies, as well as land development and engineering protection plans. The co-authors have analyzed statistical data, main reasons and factors affecting the integrated spatial development of territories that will accommodate construction projects and need to be taken into account. Results. The co-authors provide a list of land development actions that ensure the best environment for the construction and operation of populated localities, siting and erection of buildings, street laying, construction of engineering networks and other elements of urban development. The co-authors compiled lists of engineering protection actions and appliances required to protect buildings and structures at the stages of spatial planning and design. Conclusions. The co-authors have formulated principles (conditions) that govern administrative and engineering decision making in terms of engineering protection at the stages of spatial planning and project design. These principles substantiate the conclusion about the need for an integrated approach to engineering protection that encompasses preparation of an engineering protection pattern, including master, in-detail and specialized plans to ensure adjustable project solutions, design optimization, assessment of any prevented damages, substantiation of investments and preliminary calculation of consolidated approximate costs.