PREGNANCY, CHILDBIRTH, A FETUS AND NEWBORN FROM MOTHERS WITH HIV INFECTION
It is shown that in recent years there has been a tendency to increase the spread of HIV infection, including among women of reproductive age, the predominance of the sexual route of infection, which in turn increases the risk of transmission from mother to child. Stressed that the transmission of the virus is possible in three ways: the ante-, intra - and postnatal. The course of pregnancy and delivery in HIV-positive has its own characteristics and differs in the frequent development of complications of the mother and the fetus. There is an algorithm of reference HIV-seropositive women. Found that taking antiretroviral therapy, correctly and competently carried out the delivery many times reduce the chance of transmission to the child. It is proved that even in utero the fetus is exposed to negative factors caused by the impact of the HIV infection, and often associated conditions, drug addiction, alcoholism, etc. As a result, HIV-exposed children were significantly more often found intrauterine growth retardation, perinatal defeat of central nervous system, congenital malformations, there are also significant disturbances in cellular and humoral immune system, leading to more frequent and more severe course of various infectious diseases, inadequate response to the vaccination. Described terms of establishing HIV status of the child and clinical observation.