General Traits and Features of Present-Day National Human Rights Institutions
The article reflects the historical features of the process of emergence and establishment of national human rights institutions (NHRIs). Performing human rights functions by non-governmental bodies and organizations is of great importance for progressive development of the civil society and the state. Human rights are a limitation of political power and act as a means of monitoring its implementation. The author investigates both foreign and domestic experience of development and performance of NHRIs. Attention is drawn to the activities of ombudsmen in modern countries related to due course of law and the strengthening of the legal framework in the activities of the executive, extrajudicial control. Analysis of the NHRI performance allows to reveal their common and specific features. The NHGIs are an important additional (subsidiary) mechanism of legal support, not substituting but acting along with the parliamentary, judicial, administrative and other forms of control existing in the state. Their main task is to protect the rights of citizens. The article carries out a comparative analysis of the regulatory and legal support of the NHRIs, notes the need for international cooperation and exchange of experience. It makes a conclusion that legislative support of the NHRI performance contributes to the development of democratic processes related to the implementation of human and civil rights and freedoms.