QUANTITATIVE AND SOCIAL COMPOSITION OF THE RURAL POPULATION OF MORDOVIA IN THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF BOLSHEBEREZNIKOVSKOE DISTRICT)
The analysis of the dynamics of quantitative changes, social and sex-age composition of the rural population of the Republic of Mordovia, on the example of one of its districts. The study was conducted on the basis of both statistical sources (census data, household books), and field studies, when this was taken into account and the ethnic factor. Due to the fact that the population of the study area consists predominantly of Erzya and Russians, for comparison were taken two Mordovian and two Russian villages. According to the data obtained from the beginning of the 1990s, is a negative trend in the rural population of Mordovia, regardless of nationality. There is a reduction of the total number of residents. There are also changes in the age and sex structure, namely the predominance of the female population over the male and the increasing share of older people. This is primarily due to the migration of persons of working age. As well as this category is also the basis for the reproduction of the population, respectively, and decreases the number of children. Such a difficult demographic situation has an impact on the economic and socio-cultural situation of the village, which determines the need in the near future to find solutions out of the current situation.