Modern approaches to diagnostics and treatment of precancerous diseases of a stomach
Background. The Stomach Cancer (SC), around the world remains very serious problem, taking the leading positions on prevalence and death rate. The way to depression of prevalence and mortality from this disease, in country scales, and also to rising of survival, is diagnostics, well-timed therapy and prophylaxis of precancerous pathology, first of all the chronic atrophic gastritis associated with H.pylori. The main diagnostic method are the screening allowing to find precancerous diseases and changes at an early stage in the persons which don't have specific symptoms of an oncologic lesion. Aim: to increase quality of diagnostics of a carcinoma of the stomach at an early stage, having introduced the screening program. Materials and Methods. In the Republic of Kazakhstan screening research on the "Early Detection of a Precancer and Cancer of a Stomach by a Noninvasive Method of Diagnostics" program of 835 people (473 women and 362 men) (average age of 46,8±4,5 years) is performed. Serological research was conducted by means of the immunofermental analysis with use of the commercial Biohit GastroPanel® set (Biohit Plc, Helsinki, Finland). Results. Absolutely normal mucous membrane of a stomach is revealed only at 196 (23,5%) patients. Contamination of H.pylori is found in the vast majority - 519 people (62,3%) (without atrophic gastritis). At 118 patients (14,1%) results will be approved with atrophic gastritis: antrum region (n=72), body (n=42), pan-gastritis (n=4). Conclusions. Results of screening research of a pepsinogen-1 and-2, gastrin-17 and antibody H.рylori IgG by Gastropanel method, have allowed to establish authentically groups of the patients having not atrophic and atrophic gastritis of different degree of expressiveness and localization. Besides, the received results have allowed to draw accurately a distinction between a normal and pathological stomach, including superficial (connected with, H.pylori, not atrophic) gastritis, atrophic gastritis of a body and antrum regions of a stomach, the atrophic pan-gastritis covering both regions.