HUMANIZATION OF THE HISTORICAL AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT "HEART" OF THE TOP SALDA: HISTORY, DIRECTION, OPTIONS
The article is devoted to the problem of preservation and development of industrial facilities that are monuments of the Ural industrial heritage. This problem concerns the Ural metallurgical plants, founded by the Demidov industrialists in the 18th century. The updating of such facilities should not only include measures for the recovery and restoration of buildings and structures, but also introduce a new, significant function for the territory. Creating factories meant the birth of the city. This was characterized by the location of residential and public buildings around the enterprise, turning it into a kind of city-forming and historical "heart" of the city. The scientific and technical revolution in the 20th century gave rise to the development of new industrial enterprises that were based in the Ural cities. As a result, the functional significance of the Demidov plants decreased. This is due to the change of "center of gravity" of people in the urban context. Against the background of the development of modern industries, the preservation of historical value and the restoration of the town-planning significance of the Demidov enterprise through the introduction of new functions become relevant. The article presents a brief history of the Demidov Metallurgical Plant located in the city of Verkhnyaya Salda. Based on the analysis of the existing town planning situation, the options for the development of an industrial facility based on certain techniques of humanisation and integration of the industrial environment are formed, aimed at restoring and enhancing the aesthetic qualities of the city-forming “heart” of Verkhnyaya Salda.