Analysis of processes of creating and developing of small innovative enterprises in the system of scientific institutions and high school
This article provides an analysis of processes of creation of small innovative enterprises. (SIE) In the four years since the adoption of the federal law 2100 SIE were created. High schools are very active (90% of newly created enterprises), especially national and research universities. Average university`s portfolio has 7 enterprises, while there are universities with a portfolio on 30 SIE and more. Scientific institutions involved in these processes less actively (about 5% of the institutions, an average of 1.5 SIE per institution). The results of the survey of research institutions NERSC of RAAS and agricultural high school of Volga region identified problems and barriers of small innovative enterprises creation. The reason of the problem is the modest capacity of institutions to allocate investment and working capital for SIE. Also there is a problem of business partners finding. There are difficulties in registration of rights in RIA (Results of Intellectual Activities) - registration and statement on balance. It is a complicated and long-time procedure for the transfer of assets to SIE (especially getting the permission from founder on making of rental contract). It is very important for agrarian institutions to solve the problem on the possibility to grant rights of use of agricultural land. For enterprise manages the advantages of SIE is the possibility to reduce the tax burden and to solve operating, financial, and other issues more quickly. Models of collaborative partnership with big business have most changes to survive, but actually it is very improbable. Average chance has partnership with small businesses, especially if the high school has non-copied unique resource (agricultural land for example). Also the average changes on survival has variant of transfer of existing business to SIE. The lowest survival rate, according to respondents, has the partnership with the SIE staff.