The chemical elements associations in the soils of natural and urban areas
The effectiveness of multivariate data analysis for the separation of natural and technological elements associations in soils in order to solve ecological and geochemical problems is demonstrated on the examples of the background (national parks « Braslav Lakes » and « Narochanski », Berezinsky biosphere reserve) and urban (Vitebsk and Kobrin) areas case study. There are distinguished two chemical elements associations in the sod-podzolic soils of specially protected areas. The first association (V - Cr - Fe - Cu - Ni - Pb) is connected with the fine fractions of the soil. The forming of the second association (Ti - Y - Zr - Nb - Yb - Ba) is provided by the elements occurrence in the lattice of the same rock-forming and accessory minerals. The composition and structure of the chemical elements associations changes under the influence of technogenesis. А technological component is added to the natural content of some chemical elements in soils, the correlations between them are changed, new geochemical associations are formed. So five chemical elements association are identified in the soil of Vitebsk, two of which are antropogenic and one is natural and antropogenic. Cr - Cu - Co - Ni association is related in the first place with industrial emissions. The association, the core of which is the Pb, to a great extent is caused by the transport activity. Ga - B - V - Mn - Ni association can be described as natural and antropogenic. On the territory of Kobrin Cu - Ni - Mn - B - Cr association is attributed to antropogenic ones. Mapping of factors scores (interpreted as antropogenic) allows to locate the sources of pollution.