Intensity of Growth and Some Biological Features of Young Animals of Different Cattle Breeds in Yakutia
The article presents main results of comparative growth study and development of young animals, some biological features of local breeds: Yakut, Simmental and imported Kalmyk breed of cattle in Yakutia climate. The work was carried out in the subsidiary farm of the Yakut State Agricultural Academy. Experimental population consisted of 45 heads of bull calves, selected according to the method of pairs - analogues. We studied the technology of keeping and feeding, growth and development, the morphological and biochemical composition of blood, the physiological state of bull-calves of different breeds. Young animals (experimental group) energy growth was studied by the standard zootechnical method, which is weighing in every 3 months; hematological parameters were determined by hematological analyzer PCE-90Vet; total protein in the serum of blood was determined by a refractometric method; protein fractions - by electrophoresis method in the Yudelovich modification (5 heads from a group). The more intensive diurnal growth (increase) was established in the group of imported Kalmyk breed, which ensured the growing of bulls in this group by 20-30 kg alive weight than in peers (Yakut and Simmental cattle) at the same age. Young growth of Kalmyk cattle was distinguished by hypoalbumin and hyper gamma-2 globulin fractions of protein metabolism, which reflects the functional activity of their immune system in the conditions of the region.