Особливості фенотипування лімфоцитів та їх активізаційних маркерів у хворих на поліпозний риносинусит та практично здорових осіб
Prevalence of nasal polyps (NP) varies from 0,05 % to 1,3 % of the population of the United States and Europe according to different authors. Patients with NP constitute 5 % of all who treated in the otolaryngologist clinics and offices 4 % of patients allergic profile. The amount of patients (27 to 70 %) suffering from asthma and NP, and combination causes are more severe and it can cause the recurrent of NP. The results of recent studies related to the assessment of populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes. NP activity in patients with can be recurrent. There is point to different views on the participation of this component of the immune response in the development of the NP and its subsequent recurrence. The purpose of the article was to assess the quantitative features of the main populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes, as well as markers of activity in patients with PRS, depending on the clinical features and the level of Ig E. Assessment of lymphocyte phenotyping and activation markers in patients with NP shown to increase the number of T regulatory lymphocytes and CD4 + / CD25-lymphocytes compared with patients with allergic rhinitis, with hyper IgE-syndrome also reducing the number of NK cells. These changes in the immune system of patients with NP indicate depletion of reserve capacity of the immune response to the antigen, and increased production of certain cytokines that promote proliferation and reccorence of nasal polyps. We also noticed that the hyper-IgE-syndrome and the presence of nasal polyps in these patients is to reduce the expression of activation markers, which may indicate that, in turn, to reduce the possibility of presentation of T-helper lymphocytes. Also, reducing the number of NK cells indicates a decrease in the activity of the immune response, which in turn may lead to recurrence of polyps in patients with allergic syndrome in compare of patients with NP. Therefore, correction of the immune response in these patients will help prevent recurrence of nasal polyps and accordingly improve the quality of life of these patients.