ASSESSMENT OF NON-MEDICINAL METHODS OF TREATMENT OF CONSEQUENCES OF MILD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
Introduction: Over the past decade, traumatic brain injury has become one of the main health problems, occupying one of the leading positions in the structure of mortality and disability. Transcranial magnetic stimulation is a non-invasive technique that allows the excitation of neurons in the cerebral cortex, which has a positive effect on the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with post-traumatic consequences of mild traumatic brain injury. Experimental studies have shown that cognitive impairment, among other causes, is due to a lack of cholinergic mediators. In patients with traumatic brain injury, the cholinergic system suffers both from direct damage to the anatomical structures containing cholinergic neurons and during secondary edema and hypoxia, since it is known that cholinergic neurons are sensitive to hypoxia. Purpose: To assess the possibility of including the method of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the schemes of complex treatment of the consequences of mild traumatic brain injury. Materials and methods: The study involved 47 people, 24 people received in addition to neurometabolic and nootropic therapy, rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation, a control group of 23 people received only standard treatment. All patients underwent neuropsychological examination using the cognitive function scales, the Spielberg-Khanin scale, the Beck depression scale, and the MFI-20 asthenia scale. Results: Because of this study, in patients with traumatic brain injury, the highest efficiency of rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation was revealed in reducing the level of asthenia (p = 0.017), therapy for depression (p = 0.016) and reducing anxiety (p = 0.001). Discussion: Despite the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment aimed at reducing the manifestations of the consequences of traumatic brain injury, it is necessary to improve the existing treatment regimens, including various non-invasive techniques that expand the therapeutic capabilities and complement drug treatment. Conclusion: The data obtained indicate the possibility of including rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation in the therapy and rehabilitation schemes for patients with mild traumatic brain injury.