Psychological unhappiness as a manifestation factor of migration readiness among the population of a "depressing" region
The article is devoted to the problems of correlation of psychological health and the living conditions of people. Psychological health is regarded as a dynamic state of inner well being (harmony) of a person, which constitutes its essence and allows actualising one's individual, age and psychological abilities at any stage of development. One of the major characteristics of psychological health is recognised as the state of psychological well-being. The problem of psychological health is regarded in connection with various characteristics of the place of residence. Special attention is paid to the specific character of the manifestation of psychological well-being /unhappiness in regions «unfavourable» in different respects. These are the so-called «depressed» or «problematic» regions, which are behind other regions of the country in the main social and economic activities including the rate of economic development. It is also pointed out that psychological unhappiness can lead both to different disturbances in psychological health and to the formation of migration readiness. The given research was carried out in the Tyva Republic, which is characterized as a «deeply depressed region». The survey involved 105 people: 55 urban residents (30 of whom are Russians and 25 are Tyvans) and 50 rural residents (20 Tyvans and 30 Russians). The respondents perceive the republic as a quiet place (in the way «My house is my fortress»), where it is possible to hide from the problems of the «big world»: «Outside the republic there's a raging crisis»; «In big cities there's much vanity». The majority of the respondents have demonstrated a high level of psychoemotional strain and a low level of migration readiness combined with a certain passivity in determining their life perspectives and priorities. This is most likely connected with the peculiarities of the population: national, religious and those that are dictated by the psychological space of the «depressed» region