OPINIONS OF WORKERS AND STUDENTS ABOUT A JUST SOCIETYAND THE FUTURE OF RUSSIA
The article presents the results of the analysis of the opinions of workers and students, which are two large social groups of the Russian population, about a just society and the future of Russia. The interrelationships between judgments about a fair society and the choice of a path for Russia are analyzed. The assessments of fairness in modern Russia and in the place of residence of the younger and older generations of workers and students, as well as assessments of the observance of fairness at the place of work of workers are revealed. The empirical base was the data collected in Pskov (meso-level), at an industrial enterprise in Omsk and at universities in Pskov, Omsk and Moscow (micro-level). There were no significant differences in the opinions about a fair society. Most workers and students share the judgments: “A fair society in which everyone has the opportunity to succeed in life” and “In a fair society, everyone can participate in the discussion and decision-making on the most important issues of everyday life.” The generalized picture of the views of workers and students about the desired future of Russia, formed from the most supported judgments, showed a significant similarity in the picture of the younger and older generations of workers and a noticeable di erence from it in the opinions of students. Workers in their ideas about the future are inclined to the “special way” of the country, an unambiguous conclusion on students has not been worked out due to the observed variation in judgments depending on the regional center. At the same time, there are no significant di erences in the assessments of the observance of justice in Russian society. Most workers and students believe that justice in modern Russia is currently not respected at their place of residence. The assessments of workers and students of the observance of justice in modern Russia, as well as the assessments of workers of the observance of justice at work, are closely related to their assessments of life satisfaction in general and the level of personal happiness. It seems appropriate to use equity assessments in modern Russia for the sociological measurement of social well-being, to find out the e ectiveness of social adaptation of territorial communities and large social groups of the population in a changing Russian society.