THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS IN THE FORMATION OF AN EFFECTIVE SUSTAINABLE TRANSITION OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
«Green» finance can be considered in two directions: as financial instruments necessary for the sustainable and safe functioning of natural conditions, as well as as a system of measures related to the "green" economy, including financing environmental protection actions and minimizing the consequences of changes in natural and climatic conditions. The article uses methods of systematization of data, logical conclusions, graphical and tabular methods, which allows the author to determine the contribution of green financial instruments to the formation of a sustainable transition of the economy on the example of the Russian Federation, to identify the lack of generally accepted definitions and criteria for determining the level of environmental friendliness of projects, to focus on the specifics of the use of green financial instruments. The structure of "green" financial instruments includes investments in projects in the field of greening economic activity, financing of environmental programs and projects by financial institutions, financial products and services with an environmental component; financial organizations help to form a positive image of the "green" projects themselves. The author also notes the dynamics of the development of sustainable investments in Russia not only at the level of financial instruments, but also at the level of investments in fixed assets, where there is a trend of relative decline in investments in fixed assets aimed at environmental protection and rational use of natural resources.