SOVIET AND POST-SOVIET RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY ON THE REASONS FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF FASCIST DICTATORSHIPS IN WESTERN EUROPE
This essay considers the views of Soviet and Russian scholars on the causes of the origin and rise to power of fascist movements in Western Europe. At the same time, this article examines international historical and political literature and discussions on the essence of fascism. Among scholars there is no consensus about whether fascism constituted an international phenomenon. In this article looking at fascist regimes, the dictatorships of Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler in Germany and Italy, as well as the dictatorships of Antonio Salazar and Francisco Franco in Portugal and Spain, are considered.