Numerical studies of strenght and deformation of external walls with a brick masonry facing layer with flexible ties under temperature impacts
The results of numerical studies of the strength and deformations of three-layer external walls with a face layer of masonry with flexible ties under temperature effects, taking into account the formation and development of cracks, are presented. The calculations were carried out according to the specialized program for calculating stone constructions KAMKON, which implements the finite element method. The verification of the KAMKON program was carried out by comparing the results of calculations and experiment on a large-scale model, taking into account the formation and development of cracks, as well as at the time before the formation of cracks by comparing with the results of calculations using the LIRA-SAPR software package. The results of field observations of buildings with masonry defects of the facial layer were also taken as a criterion for the validity of the chosen computational models. In the course of research, the technology of calculation by the finite element method for temperature effects was developed taking into account the formation and growth of cracks, features of the laying of the front layer, such as the heterogeneity of the masonry, the concentration of horizontal tensile stresses in the unfilled vertical joints of the masonry and cracks, tensile strength criteria for stretching over the vertical section, on inclined sections from the action of tensile stresses and forces to cut along horizontal mortar joints.