COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF METHODS AND MACHINES FOR SOIL TREATMENT
Relevance. Soil cultivation is an important technological technique in the cultivation of crops. It accounts for more than 45% of total energy costs. Multiple passes of machine-tractor units, realizing the power of the engine to create tractive effort, when aggregated with plows, disc harrows, flat cutters, chisel and other tools, compact the subsoil horizons, the water permeability of these layers deteriorates, and can lead to the formation of a "plough pan". To reduce the time for performing operations to prepare the soil for sowing, it is recommended to use rotary tillage. Purpose and objectives of research. Compare the agrotechnological and energy efficiency of traditional and rotational methods of tillage. Methodology and methodology. In the course of the research, field experiments were laid on light chestnut soils of the Primorskaya subprovince. Soil cultivation was carried out for sowing winter wheat after corn for grain. Results and discussion. The advantages of milling machines in terms of agrotechnical indicators have been established: complete destruction of weeds, uniform mixing of the soil throughout the cultivated layer, obtaining any degree of crumbling of the soil, creating optimal soil density, recreating soil structure under certain conditions, improving water-air and food regimes soil, increasing the biological and biochemical activity of the soil, increasing field germination and crop yields. Technical advantages from the use of rotators: reduction of slippage and traction weight of the tractor, rational use of tractor engine power Conclusions and offers. Rotary tillage is recommended when preparing the soil for sowing crops in conditions of heavy soils, the need to reduce the time of soil preparation. Soil milling provides a higher quality of the technological process compared to plowing, flat-cutting.