THE PROBLEM OF TEACHING PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION TO THE STUDENTS OF NON-LINGUISTIC SPECIALITIES
The necessary precondition for adults learning English at the initial stage while studying at a non-linguistic university, is doing a phonetic and orthographic course. When teaching a foreign language in the conditions of bilingualism, it is always necessary to be based on the native language. For example, in the Russian language this thing is in this way, whereas in the foreign language, it is quite the other way round. That is to say the whole of the originality of a foreign language should not be learned unconsciously, i.e. practically. On the contrary, it must be consciously opposed to the native language phenomena. In this way, there is grounded the advantage of conscious practical method of learning English pronunciation over the imitation one. When studying phonetics, it is necessary to convey sounding speech in writing as precisely as possible. For this purpose, there is used a special kind of writing which is called phonetic transcription. The extreme conservatism of the English orthography makes it extraordinarily difficult to read words when learning English. The spelling of a very great number of the words of modern English formed in a significant way as early as in XII-XV centuries. This process was greatly influenced by the habits of French script and orthography. Therefore the traditional way of writing English words is far from giving a clear view about the word pronunciation as well as its phonemic structure. That is why for teaching and scientific purposes, there is used the phonetic transcription, which shows the phonemic structure and the shades of phonemes. The article grounds the need for the conscious learning of phonetic transcription signs on the Latin basis which is considered to be the most acceptable one from the pedagogical point of view. This is the type of transcription that allows a student, from the very beginning of mastering the English pronunciation, to start reorganizing the articulation base of the native language for reproducing English phonemes.