The Golden Horde on the Silk Road: Economic and Cultural Cooperation as a Basis of the Eurasian World-System in the Middle Ages
The period of the Mongol Empire is the most important stage in the formation of the Eurasian civilization. The Mongol Empire contributed to the development of ethno-cultural processes in Eurasia thanks not only to trade, but also to cultural exchanges, translational technologies and intellectual interaction between the peoples of Eurasia, as well as the synthesis of nomadic and sedentary civilizations. An analysis of economic and cultural interaction in the Mongol Empire and the Golden Horde provides rich material for understanding the mechanisms of integration of the Eurasian civilizational community, such as ethnic and religious tolerance, ethno-cultural autonomy, a combination of the principles of the vertical of power and federalism, the development of economic cooperation on a trans-Eurasian scale. This most ambitious integration project for the entire period of Antiquity and the Middle Ages became a cornerstone for the accumulation of experience through which we can determine the basic principles of Eurasian integration in the 21<sup>st</sup> century.