The Cultivation of Autologous Vaginal Tissue by Tissue Engineering
Vaginal aplasia is a congenital malformation that can be caused by various disorders, including Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome. Therapeutic approaches to the treatment of this pathology are divided into methods of conservative and surgical correction. The first-line therapy is colpoelongation, with the ineffectiveness of which it is possible to use surgical techniques (methods of Vecchietty, Wallwiener, Abbe-McIndoe, Davydov, Williams in the Creastas modification, etc.). Currently, there is no single surgical approach. However, it is possible to use new methods of gynecological reconstruction based on tissue engineering using cell therapy, different types of scaffolds and the potential use of mesenchymal stem cells. The data of clinical trials are presented, which have shown the successful formation of a functional neovaginal space by anatomical and histological properties by culturing autologous cells on biodegradable scaffolds. Further research in this area and a detailed study of the issue are needed.