The anthropological concept of the soul and the personality by Theodore of Mopsuestia
The anthropology of Theodore of Mopsuestia is presented in his catechetical homilies. Theodore of Mopsuestia builds anthropology over Christology and soteriology. An immortal and rational soul makes a person an individual, and a hypostatic soul is a necessary condition for a full-fledged human nature. Along with the hypostatic soul, a human is a personality. Hypostasis is an individualizing principle that differentiates people within human nature, and prosopon is connected with nature and characterizes the boundaries of human nature. However, prosopon is not equivalent to nature, because there are two natures in Christ, but one prosopon. The soul has an immortal and cognizable nature thanks to the spirit-mind, which is called to be its governing part. Thanks to the spirit, the soul continues to live in an autonomous hypostasis after separation from the body in death. By Theodore of Mopsuestia ontology defines anthropology. The condition for the possibility of sin is the mobility and variability of the soul. The anthropological model of Theodore of Mopsuestia does not correspond to Pelagianism (Adam does not just set a bad example), but it does not coincide with Augustinianism (Adam's descendants are punished not for his sin, but for their own sins). So, the anthropology of Theodore of Mopsuestia is positioned in the middle between Blessed Augustine and Pelagius.