IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF BLACKCURRANT (<i>RIBES NIGRUM</i> L.) CULTIVARS OF BASHKIR BREEDING
The main reason for the slow introduction of high-yield blackcurrant cultivars of regional selection into production is a lack of planting material. The aim of the research is the development of in vitro clonal micropropagation protocols and the production of regenerating plants of blackcurrant cultivars of Bashkir breeding. The objects of study were the cultivars Karaidel and Chishma, bred in the Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture. As a control, the cultivar Sejanets Golubki was used. The protocols of clonal micropropagation in culture in vitro using the activation of existing meristems were developed. The scheme of sterilization of explants is optimized. It is established that the fractional scheme of sterilization of explants is the most effective. The Karaidel cultivar is relatively low in bacterial and fungal infection (the share of uninfected explants in the trial variants is 71.4-100.0 %). The introduction of blackcurrant into an in vitro culture is possible in the autumn and spring periods, the optimal period is spring. High growth rates (shoot multiplication factor, shoot length, number of leaves) in Bashkir cultivars were observed on the nutrient medium MS, supplemented with 0.75-1.0 mg /l BAP in combination with 0.5 mg /l IAA. In the cultivar Sejanets Golubki, these indicators are high at relatively low concentrations of growth regulators. The Chishma cultivar is characterized by a high shoot multiplication factor. Rooting of multiplicated shoots was carried out on nutrient media with low IAA concentrations. The variety-specificity of plant reactions at all stages of clonal micropropagation was revealed.