STUDY OF SKULL PHENODEVIATION IN CARPIAN
Studies were carried out to study the morphology of carp with a pug-shaped and normal developed head according to the main exterior indicators, the structure of the axial skeleton and the morphological indicators of the main blood-forming organs. Comparison of the exterior indicators of normal individuals of the carp with individuals with phenodovia «pug-shaped» revealed significant differences between them. Normal carps had an average body weight of 21,7 % more. Indicators of absolute body length, body length to the end of the scaly cover, body girth and body thickness in normal individuals are superior to those of pug-shaped carps. In pug-shaped carp, it was noted that the number of vertebrae in the caudal region of the axial skeleton is less than 4 %. The structure of the trunk and transitional section does not have significant differences. In pug-shaped individuals of carp, the heart and liver could not be measured, since the organs were deformed under the influence of freezing. The heart in normally developed animals had a mass of 0.48 ± 0.06 g. Gill stamens in pug-shaped specimens ranging from 37-51 - less than in normal carps. They have this figure in the range of 46-52 pcs. When measuring the bones of the skull, it was found that in all pug-shaped instances of carp from different bodies of water, there is a big difference in comparison with normally developed carps. Namely, the bone parasphenoid is shortened in relation to the vomer. Paired, these bones form the bottom of the skull and are in fused condition. Whereas in normally developed carps, the opener has a longer length than the parasphenoid. It is this anomaly of the bones of the skull that leads to the shortening of the snout in the fish.