THE STUDY OF THE MATERIAL COMPOSITION OF NATURAL AND MODIFIED MONTMORILLONITE CLAY TO DEVELOP SORBENTS FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT
In connection with the shift to the worst side of the environmental situation, the search for effective and economically feasible ways of refining natural, domestic and industrial wastewater from all kinds of pollutants is of great importance worldwide. Studies are actively conducted on the use of clay for sorption purification of water from various pollutants. The article reflects the results of the study of natural clay Shebekinskiy district of the Belgorod region of the Russian Federation and its modified forms. The results of a comprehensive study of natural and modified clays, which included the study of mineralogical and chemical composition, specific surface area and its charge, are reflected. Modification of the natural clay was in her pre-enrichment with subsequent activation of the acid and an additional treatment with salt of sodium chloride. This additional treatment was carried out for the purpose of further study of colloidal chemical properties of the samples, in particular the sorption capacity in relation to heavy metal ions and petroleum products. X-ray phase analysis revealed that montmorillonite is present as the main mineral in clay and because of enrichment, its content increases from 48.6 masses. % to 95.2 wt. % in fraction with particle size less than 0.001 mm. Montmorillonite from natural clay is identified by reflections 1.496, 1.318, 1.235, 0.453 0.259, 0.168 Hm. It is determined that the Zeta potential of the surface of clay samples is negative and in the process of enrichment, it increases to -45.5 mV in absolute value. All certain indicators suggest a high sorption capacity of enriched and modified clays against pollutants of organic and inorganic nature.