System genus Lycopersicon (Tourn.) Mill. and identyfications of collections tomato VIR
Relevance. Systematization of the VIR tomato collection is a primary task due to the large number (7678 tomato samples). Since the 90s of the last century, only the English name, and not the botanical name, was used in works on tomato In the codes of botanical nomenclature, the botanical name for the tomato was preserved and the author of the genus since 1694 has publicly recognized the name Lycopersicon, assigned by J. Tournefort, and her by C. Linneaeus. Unttil 60s, basis of systematization of tomatoes, when the number of the collection reached 3 thousend samples.According to Brezhnev’s classification, the genus was divided into 3 subspecies. The species L. esculentum Mill. was divided info 3 subspeces. Within the subspecies of cultural rasschoichali 6 varietes and ecological and geographical grours of variety types. In 2000 I. Peralta and D. Spooner zh Kurtisiana presented the classification of tomato with authorship of C. Linneaeus, 1753 botanical categories from series to species. Thus, the genus Lycopersicon became the species Solanum. This classification, is fully presented in the monograph I. Peralta, D. Spooner, S. Knappa (2008). The purpose of the research. Due to the significant increase in the number of tomato collections, it is necessary to develop a classification, in relation to it and the appearance of new forms in the collection. Material and metods. The tomato collection includes 7678 samples from 102 countries. It contains 10 species one cultivated, 7 green-fruited non-edible, and 2 ruderal edible with colored fruits. Results. The genus name was analysed and clarified. A new classification of tomato has been developed and refined, based on the classification of D. D. Brezhnev. In the modern classification of I. Khrapalova, the entire variety of the collection (more then 7 thousand samples) used in the evaluation of the variety of samples colars is characterized.