Morphosystems mapping as the basis for monitoring water reservoirs’ geological environment
The purpose of the study has been to substantiate, develop and test the methodological, methodical and technological principles of geoinformation mapping for monitoring the geological environment of the Angara water reservoirs. The research methodology is based on the concept of morphosystems that makes it possible to classify the relief and identify its dynamic hierarchy at three levels of generalization: morphostructure, basin, and slope. Based on the shoreline morphosystems maps, a morphodynamic analysis of the shores has been conducted, and the erosion rate has been determined. The information component of the morphosystems mapping is a computerized database containing survey, cartographic, and reference data. The main sources of information are remote sensing and field instrumental observation data from the model sites. The technological component is geoinformation mapping that allows modeling and dynamic analysis of the shoreline morphosystems at different scale and time levels. The ‘reservoir influence zone’ concept has been defined from the point of view of the morphosystems dynamics. For mapping purposes, the reservoir shores have been classified. The potential use of satellite images for decoding the morphosystems has been evaluated. A specific content of the compiled maps has been created. A system of system of notation conventions for the morphosystems’ maps has been developed. Authoring maps of the influence zone morphosystems for the Angara reservoir cascade have been compiled. A method of morphodynamic analysis of the reservoir shores has been developed and tested. The retrospective and prospective morphodynamic analysis of the model sites have defined the erosion rate in the past, present and future. The results of the study infer that based on the geoinformation mapping and morphodynamic analysis of the shoreline morphosystems of the reservoir influence zone, prompt monitoring of the geological environment can be done for large artificial water reservoirs such as the Angara cascade reservoirs.