FEATURES OF THE PREGNANCY, CHILDBIRTH AND PERINATAL COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH A NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19 IN THE TOMSK REGION
Target. To study the impact of the new coronavirus infection (NCI) COVID-19 on pregnancy, childbirth and the frequency of perinatal complications in a continuous sample of parturient women in Tomsk and the Tomsk region. Materials and methods. An open comparative study was conducted, including the analysis of 270 pregnancy and childbirth cases of women in the Tomsk region. Depending on the new coronavirus infection experienced during pregnancy, the patients were divided into 2 groups: the main group - 170 women who underwent NCI during pregnancy and the control group - 100 patients in whom the fact of NCI during pregnancy was not registered. The sample was continuous, the patients of both groups did not differ significantly in anthropometric data, parity, comorbidities. The complications of pregnancy, childbirth and perinatal complications during NCI COVID-19 were studied. Results. The features of pregnancy, childbirth and perinatal complications in NCI COVID-19 were detected depending on the infection severity, the strain of SARS-CoV-2 (“alpha”, “beta”, “gamma”, “delta” and “omicron”). Associations between the gestational age at which infection with SARS-CoV-2 occurred and pregnancy complications and perinatal outcomes were determined. The frequency of gestational complications in the main group was significantly higher than in the control group. The 15% of births were premature (p=0.038), 16% of patients had a pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia, more often severe (p=0.012), fetal growth retardation was diagnosed in 20% of cases (p=0.028), antenatal fetal death was recorded in 3% of cases (p=0.0512). When comparing complications depending on the strain, most preterm births and cases of severe preeclampsia occur during the circulation period of the beta strain (p = 0.034). It was also established that preeclampsia was significantly more common with infection in the second trimester of pregnancy (p=0.026). When assigning the dependence of pregnancy complications on the infection severity, it was found that only gestational diabetes mellitus was significantly more common in moderate-severe NCI COVID-19 (p=0.01). Asphyxia at birth was diagnosed in 10% of newborns (p=0.045), 16% of newborns required transfer to the intensive care unit and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU/NICU) (p>0.0568). Conclusion. NCI COVID-19 has a pronounced effect on the gestational process. The formation of complications depends on the virus strain and the gestational age at the infection moment.