ARTIFICIALLY OBTAINED HUMIN SUBSTANCES FOR RESTORATION OF SOILS
The article shows that the unique economic-geographical, transport and geopolitical position of the Far Eastern Federal District is a direct prerequisite for the implementation of its breakthrough socio-economic development. The Government of the Russian Federation adopted the Federal Target Program «Economic and social development of the Far East and the Baikal region for the period up to 2025» in order to solve the problems of the region and its development. The territories of priority social and economic development is created for this purpose, the program «Far Eastern hectare» is being implemented to secure labor resources within the framework of which the free provision of land plots. The land plots are issued for farming, forestry and hunting or any other type of business. Therefore, there is a need to protect the region from environmental problems in advance, in particular problems with soil degradation and pollution. One way to restore soil fertility and its de-toxification is humic acids, which can be successfully extracted from peat, lignite, sapropels. A method for obtaining humic substances from brown coals has been developed, an experimental industrial plant for the production of liquid and dry humates in the I Mining Institute of the North named after N.V. Chersky SB RAS has been developed, manufactured and tested. The humates obtained by this method are completely dissolved in water (that is, they are classified as «ballastless»), which is the most preferred type of artificially prepared humic substances for soil restoration. The authors note the necessity of creating methodological and organizational bases for agroecological restoration of fertility in this direction, making forecasts of the evolution of soils, both under anthropogenic influences and for agrotechnical measures.