A.M. Shakhnarovich and Theory of Children’s Holophrase
The article is devoted to anniversary of the outstanding Russian scholar A.M. Shakhnarovich (1944-2001) who was one of creators of the developmental psycholinguistics in our country. In the article A.M. Shakhnarovich’s contribution to the theory of children’s holophrase, namely to an explanation of the nature of this phenomenon in early children’s syntax, is considered. The author shows that long time a holophrase was investigated by linguists and psychologists separately and A.M. Shakhnarovich has a priority in development of the theory of children’s holophrase on a psycholinguistic basis. A.M. Shakhnarovich considered a holophrase, i.e. a single-word utterance, in the children’s speech as a «pre-program» formation in which the program of speech actions contains in the situation. According to A.M. Shakhnarovich, in a holophrase there are relations of two actions - verbal and nonverbal ones. A.M. Shakhnarovich considered that children’s holophrase is based on «communication of events» (A.R. Luria) and belongs to the situational speech. Holophrase is considered by A.M. Shakhnarovich as the earliest precedent of elements of conventional language system use for marking of components of propositional content. In the article it is shown that in many respects thanks to A.M. Shakhnarovich’s researches the question of how children create holophrases was raised in the developmental psycholinguistics. In addition, in the article the problem of «rudiments» of children’s holophrase in the speech of adults is discussed.