LEARNING ABILITY OF YOUNGER SCHOOL STUDENTS AND WAY OF ITS DIAGNOSTICS
The relevance of addressing the problem of learning is due to the contradiction between the need to take into account this individual feature of younger students and the development of methods of its diagnosis in accordance with the content of the subjects studied in primary school. According to the author, knowledge of this feature contributes not only to the objective determination of the level of formation of certain educational skills and abilities of students, but also to predict the rate of their further progress in the study of specific subjects. The article focuses on the essence of learning. Two approaches to the definition of this concept are considered: biological and psychological-pedagogical. Preference is given to psychological and pedagogical approach. However, sufficient practical experience allows the author to draw our attention to the fact that the identification of the essence of learning there is a need to take into account the individual qualities of the child, and this requires knowledge of the teacher and his biological characteristics. From the point of view of psychological and pedagogical approach, the author considers the peculiarities of children's learning in various subjects indicated in the program of secondary school. Among them, a certain interest is shown to the learning ability of younger students in mathematics. The author conducts experimental work with students of the first and second grades, the experimental work contributed to the identification of the degree of mastery of the ability to subordinate their actions to the task, the ability to understand the ways of action and transfer them to new conditions, the ability to independently find a pattern in the mathematical material and verbally formulate it. The author not only carries out experimental work, but also offers guidelines for the organization of teaching mathematics to children, taking into account their learning levels.