EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL SECURITY FOR DISABLED WAR VETERANS IN WESTERN KAZAKHSTAN IN 1945-1950s (BASED ON MATERIALS FROM AKTOBE REGION)
Background . The article deals with the problems of employment, retraining of disabled veterans of the Great Patriotic War in Western Kazakhstan after their return to peaceful life. On the basis of archival materials, an analysis of state measures of social support for war invalids in the years 1945-1950 is carried out using the example of Aktobe region. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that social policy is among the priority directions of state activity today, in the context of political, economic and social instability, veterans of the Great Patriotic War more than ever need the full support of the authorities. Every year, war veterans become less and less, the more important and more valuable is the assistance provided by the state to maintain a decent standard and prolong their lives. In this regard, of particular interest is the historical experience of the state in various time frames, especially in the post-war period, when 2,6 million disabled people returned from the front. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main directions of social policy in relation to persons with disabilities in the post-war years. Materials and methods . In the process of research, general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis) and special methods were used, as a comparative historical method, which revealed changes in the social policy system of the Soviet state after the war, a statistical method, the significance of which is determined when analyzing data related to the number of employed and trained people with disabilities of war. Realization of research tasks was achieved on the basis of using documents extracted from the funds of the State Archive of the Aktobe region, in particular, decisions and orders of the executive committee, protocols of reporting measures, complaints, etc. war, as well as published scientific works of Kazakh and Russian scientists. Results . The study of materials on the organization of employment and the improvement of the social status of war invalids made it possible to understand the content of positive and negative trends in the policies of the Soviet government in the postwar years. Analysis of archival documents made it possible to determine the role of the Soviet extensive social security system, which helped to return many people with disabilities to work, get new professions and improve their social situation. Conclusions . The authors concluded that, despite the shortcomings in the work of social welfare bodies, the state made a lot of efforts to improve the lives of war invalids and carried out comprehensive measures aimed at solving their material and social problems.