Influence of Lime Afteraction and Continuous Application of Mineral Fertilizers on Soybean Grain Yield and Quality in the Ryazan Region
The results of the experience in studying the effect of lime and the continuous application of mineral fertilizers on the agrochemical properties of dark gray forest soil and the crop of soybean seeds of the northern ecotype of George are presented. The experiments were carried out in the ISA - a branch of the FSBSI FNAC VIM, located in the second agro-climatic district of the Ryazan region in 2018-2020. The soil of the site is a dark gray forest of heavy loamy texture. Agrochemical indicators: soil solution reaction - рНKCl 5.25, hydrolytic soil acidity (Hr) 4.92 mg-eq/100 g, humus content - 5.3% (according to Tyurin), mobile phosphorus content - 340 mg/kg of soil (according to Kirsanov), exchangeable potassium content - 192 mg/kg of soil (according to Kirsanov), total nitrogen - 0.25%, easily hydrolyzable nitrogen - 122.8 mg/kg. As a result of studies, it was found that the afteraction of lime and the continuous application of mineral fertilizers had a positive effect on both soil fertility and yield of soybean seeds. The application of mineral fertilizers against the background of the lime afteraction contributed to a decrease in acidity and an increase in the supply of nutrients. Soil liming contributed to a decrease in soil acidity: when applying lime in a dose of 1.5 normshydrolytic acidity by 0.6 units (pH), when applying 1.0 norms hydrolytic acidity - by 0.4 units (pH). The value of yield gain was directly dependent on the dose of mineral fertilizers. The yield gain on the variants of the experiment was obtained due to an increase in the number of beans on the plant and the number of seeds in the bean. The additional application of lime and mineral fertilizers contributed to an increase in the crude protein content of soybean seeds. To improve the growth and development of soybean plants in the Ryazan region, the optimal variant is the use of mineral fertilizers in a dose of N90P90K90 kg active ingredient per 1ha in combination with the application of lime in a dose of 1.5 norms hydrolytic acidity, the profitability level is 162%. The application of an increased dose of mineral fertilizers (N125P125K125) contributes to an increase in seed yield but the level of profitability is lower - 109.4%.