Kuban wild-growing grapes and their morphological features
The authors present some results of the research work carried out within the framework of the RFBR grant project (agreement No. 19-416-230025) and the agreement on scientific cooperation between the Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking - branch of the FSBSI North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center for Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking and the FSBI “Utrish”. State nature reserve”. As a result of the conducted research, wild grapes were found in the tracts of the gaps Vodopadnaya and Lobanova on the territory of the “Utrish” nature reserve, unique in its natural and historical conditions (sites of ancient human settlements) in the number of 16 populations, the vine of which is visually tolerant to the effects of abiotic and biotic environmental factors. And also 5 populations of wild-growing grapes were found along the banks of the Kuban river, similar in appearance to cultural grapes. Morpho-biological study of the vegetative and generative spheres of grape plants was conducted. A detailed description of their ecological growing conditions was made. Samples of wild vines for genetic analysis were taken. Plants of wild-growing grapes of the studied territories have significant differences in the morphology of vegetative and generative organs. This is applied particularly to such features as: shape, color, pubescence and pleat of leaf, shape and pubescence of the top of young shoot, depth of upper leaf cut, shape and depth of recess of petiolate leaf, shape of teeth of the lamina, skin and pulp color. The most variable were the openness of the top of the young shoot, shape and pubescence of the lower side of the shaped leaf.