PREVALENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF LOWER JAW FRACTURES IN ADULTS
The research is aimed at studying prevalence of various types of mandibular fractures in adults. The results of X-ray examination of 880 patients with home fractures of the mandible were analyzed (X-ray in frontal and lateral projections, orthopantomography, computed tomography). It was found that unilateral fractures of the mandible were the most frequent (61.1% of the cases). Fractures of the mandible in the area of the angle and condylar process were found in 36.1% and 25.2% of the cases, respectively. Fractures in the area of the mandible body were less common: in the area of incisors - in 3.9% of the cases, canines and premolars - 15.9%, molars - 15.3%. Fractures in the region of the mandibular ramus were very rare- in 2% of the cases. It has been proven that localization of fractures in the canine/premolar region, on the one hand, and in the condylar process, on the other hand, is the most common with bilateral fractures and occurs in 22.8% of the cases. It was revealed that fractures in the area of the angle occur in women (29.2%) less often than in men (34.2%), which is associated with the greater value of the angle in the latter. It was found that among linear fractures, oblique fractures were the most common (70.7% of the cases), transverse - much less common (20.7%), even less often zigzag - quite rare (6.9%) and arcuate fractures of the alveolar part of the body of the lower jaw - very rare (1.7%). Fractures of the mandible have significant difference not only in localization, but also in the number and direction of their lines.