IMMUNOPHENOTYPICAL FEATURES OF THE LIFE CYCLE OF HAMETS IN MALE RATS AFTER LOCAL IRRADIATION
The “male factor” accounts for half of the causes of childlessness among married couples; in order to understand the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of these spermatogenesis disorders, it is necessary to create animal models, including with the use of radiation. In addition, in clinical practice, the methods of radiation therapy are successfully used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms. Given the increase in the number of testicular malignant neoplasms, it is necessary to improve existing methods and develop new ones. Aim of the study: molecular biological assessment of the proliferation and apoptosis of gametes in male rats after electron irradiation with doses of 2 Gy, 8 Gy and 12 Gy. Material and methods. Wistar males (220 ± 20 g; 9 - 10 weeks; n = 40) were randomly divided into control (I; n=10) and experimental (II - IV; n=10 in each) group depending on the dose of a single sighting irradiation with electrons of the pelvic segment in the projection of the testes: II - 2 Gy, III - 8 Gy, IV - 12 Gy, which were studied by immunohistochemical method using antibodies to Ki-67, caspase-3, Bcl-2 and p53 Results. A week after irradiation with 2 Gy, 8 Gy, and 12 Gy, an increase in the level of the terminal phase of apoptosis, caspase-3 (25.0±0.1, 55.0±0.2 and 74.0±0.1, respectively), and a decrease in the proliferation marker Ki-67 (18.0±0.1, 8.0±0.3 and 2.0±0.1, respectively), a decrease of degree of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 (27.0±0.7, 15.5±0.7, and 7.0±0.2, respectively) and an increase of proapoptotic p53 (33.0±0.1, 83.0±0.1, and 67.0±0.2, respectively) factors. Conclusion. In the testis, a single irradiation with electrons leads to a sharp shift in the proliferative-apoptotic balance towards the death of germ cells, primarily spermatogonia.