Communicative-pragmatic potential of evaluation in radio presenters speech
The choice of radio discourse is explained by the topicality of the study of the speech interaction problems in oral public communication. The change of the informative orientation for the communicative orientation in public discourse actualised the communicative-pragmatic approach of linguistic investigations and attention to the units of the communicative level, for example, evaluative expressive means, which are very important. The article is devoted to finding out the specific character of the evaluation realization in the spontaneous radio discourse. Evaluation is considered to be a means of the communicative level. An emphasis is made on the radio presenter's evaluation of pragmatic factors, which form the communicative situation. The author finds out evaluation and interpretation objects, evaluation types, expressive means of positive and negative evaluation and shows the dominating of the positive evaluative component. The positive evaluation objects are real studio guests, calling radio listeners, virtual participants of the radio communication (performers of the musical compositions presented on the airwaves), artefacts (events, reputable sources in educational programs, and so on). Negative evaluation can be given to the objective situation connected with the results of the radio listener's participation in the game, competition, and so on, and to the information discussed in the transmission. The author emphasizes the situations reflecting the so-called negative politeness based on the increase of the addressee's or presenter's status by the abjection of one's own position. This communicative behaviour is considered to be a manipulative method. The realization of the intentional orientation on the opinion and evaluation explication in different genres of the spontaneous radio discourse is characterized by different expressive means. The absolute advantage belongs to the axiological vocabulary, in the core of which are adjectives and adverbs. A constant feature of this discourse type is its permanent opinion and evaluation expressing with an emphasis on the personal position that is marked by a personal pronoun, definite personal construction with the verb in the 1st person singular, special parentheses or constructions. The communicative function of the evaluative sentence in the radio discourse is concretised as regulating, stimulating and didactic functions. In the realization and perception of the positive or negative evaluation in the oral speech text a great role belongs to the voice, the intonation and the logical stress. The purpose orientation of the spontaneous radio discourse to the positive evaluation is connected with its orientation to the cooperative communication. As the evaluation nature reflects the inner world of the person, the domination of the positive evaluation in the spontaneous radio discourse allows classifying it as communicatively oriented to the harmonious interaction of the communication participants.