The study of morphofunctional changes in the gastrointestinal tract after various operations on the colon (an experiment in rats)
Objective: modeling various types of surgical procedure in an experiment in rats, assessing the effect of surgery on the motility of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Materials and methods: the study was carried out on 30 female Wistar rats weighing 200-250 grams, comparable in age, divided into 3 groups (10 animals each) in random order. group 1 - rats underwented to laparotomy (LT), group 2 - laparotomy, creation of a loop colostomy (LT + C), group 3 - laparotomy, a colonic single-row anastomosis (LT + A). Gastrointestinal motility was assessed using the gastrointestinal transit index (GTI), calculated by the formula: (length of the stained area of the intestine / total length of the intestine) x100, as well as by the results of a morphological study. Results: surgery has a depressing effect on the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, while the maximum decrease in IHT was noted in the Colostomy group: 1.08±1.4% versus 2.3±3.3% in the Laparotomy group and versus 3.8±1.8% in the Anastomosis group. Comparison of the groups “Colostomy” and “Anastomosis” showed a significant difference in this feature - p=0.002. Conclusion: modeling of various surgical procedure in rats made it possible to prove the relationship between the formation of a stoma and the inhibition of gastrointestinal motility, further study of this pattern will allow us to develop ways to prevent the development of postoperative ileus.