MEASURING THE "DIGITAL" ECONOMY AND PSEUDO EFFECT OF TECHNOLOGICAL DUALISM
The purpose of the study. The controlled diffusion of digital technologies has become an attribute of economic policy in many countries, entering as a basic task in the doctrine of «Industry 4.0». Solving this problem requires taking into account the initial state of the technological basis of the economy, the readiness of all parts of the economy to master new technologies. The effect of technological dualism can have a deterrent effect on the spread of digital and other technologies, which requires a separate study. The purpose of the study is to build a methodology for assessing the spread of digital technologies and identifying the effect of technological dualism, which acquires a specific content for the Russian economy. The research methodology is the theory of technological development and the efficiency of functioning of economic objects, approaches in the field of economic measurements and the formation of an algorithm for assessing the relevant parameters. The result of the study is that a pseudo-effect of technological dualism has been identified in the Russian economy, based on an analysis of the dynamics of fixed capital and the movement of labor between economic sectors. Its occurrence can block technological development without interfering with the course of the digital diffusion process. Two basic options for the dissemination of digital technologies have been substantiated, and a methodology for assessing the scale of their spread in the economy, with an assessment of the efficiency of input, as well as a method for identifying technological dualism has been proposed. It is shown that the lack of productivity growth with the expansion of computer technology and network technologies is not a paradox, but is a completely natural result, due not only to capital investments in the implementation of these technologies, but also to the need for personnel training, as well as the initial scale of the market for products created by facilities that carry out input of digital technologies. The prospect of the study. To study the changes in the structure of technological dynamics for perspective, a tool of a technological map and a portfolio is proposed, which require an extended statistical accounting of technologies and their parameters, which make it possible to expand the understanding of the impact of technologies on economic development and the effect of technological dualism.