ANALYSIS OF THE RISK OF PRETERM BIRTH BY ASSESSING THE POLYMORPHISM OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA AND INTERLEUKIN 1-BETA
Premature birth (PR) continues to be at the epicenter of attention of obstetricians and gynecologists around the world. Case-control association study. A total of 200 pregnant women were included in the study, including 150 preterm births and 50 control women (labor ≥37 weeks). For the study, methods of genotyping using TaqMan probes and traditional sequencing were carried out. Descriptive statistics were performed using Fisher's exact test and Wilcoxon's rank sum test. All genetic data were tested for Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium and analyzed using logistic regression, proportions of 2 × 2 or χ 2. Haplotypes were evaluated for each gene and permutation used to test the association. Results . Women carrying the rare allele (T) TNFA -857 C> T and women homozygous for the rare alleles IL1B -31 T> C and IL1B -511 C> T (C and T) have an increased risk of preterm birth with OR 3.1 ( 95% CI: 1.0-10.3) and OR 6.4 (95% CI: 1.3-60.5), respectively. Two putative TNFA haplotypes were associated with preterm labor with OR 3.1 (p = 0.037) and OR 2.7 (p = 0.045). Conclusion. Polymorphism in the cytokine genes TNFA and IL1B may increase the risk of preterm birth, possibly due to dysregulated immune system regulation during pregnancy.