HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF "INDEPENDENT WORK”
Modern society challenges higher education with the task to train a specialist who is knowledgeable, thinking, able to independently extract and apply knowledge in practice. The solution to this problem is through search content, forms, methods and means of learning, providing wider development opportunities, self-development and self-realization. In this regard the problem of mastering students ' methods of cognitive activity in the conditions of independent work becomes particularly relevant. Independent work is one of the most important and widely discussed problems of teaching in schools and universities. In the modern psychological and pedagogical literature there are various approaches to the definition of the concept of "independent work". This article reveals the main aspects of the development of the organization of independent work of students in the history of pedagogy. The characteristic features of the organization of independent work of students of each period of development of the Russian higher school are revealed in the text.