Formation of the Education System of the Rusins in Lemkivshchyna During the Second World War: Scientific Discourse
The article suggests discussing the education system of the Rusins in Lemkivshchyna during WWII through the prism of scientific discourse. The authors show the specificity of socio-political and cultural development of the education system in the late 19th - the first half of the 20th centuries and describe the essence of the Nazi regime that established in Lemkivshchyna from September 1939 to 1944, within which Lemkivshchyna was part of the General Government - an administrative-territorial entity in Poland and Western Ukraine occupied by Nazi Germany. The focus is the local administrative structures - the Ukrainian Central Committee and others - functioning on this territory as well as the goals of the Nazi education policy. The authors determine the main types, forms, and specificity of the education system, which include preschool institutions (seasonal and permanent kindergartens, teachers' training, etc.), primary education (its universality and compulsoriness; creation of a network of public schools, ensuring their functioning), secondary schools (gymnasiums, teacher seminaries); vocational training (with agriculture, craft, fishing, and trade being the main areas); higher school (enrolling the Rusins of Lemkivshchyna in the universities of Lviv and Europe and their financial support), and students' social security.