FORMATION AND CURRENT STATE OF QUANTUM METHODS OF INFORMATION SECURITY
The short review and the analysis developed so far and perspective quantum methods of information protection is presented. The most known primitives and protocols of quantum cryptography are considered. Along with industrially released and already widely known systems of quantum key distribution the schemes being at a stage of theoretical and laboratory researches are described. That are quantum secure direct communication, quantum secret sharing, quantum bit commitment and so on. Comparison of characteristics quantum and traditional «classical» cryptosystems is executed, advantages and shortcomings inherent in them are considered. Some approaches to data protection within quantum cryptography are similarly compared among themselves.