Evaluation of ecological and economic efficiency of resource and nature-saving rice cultivation technologies
Greening agricultural production in domestic rice cultivation consists in the development of new resource-saving and nature-saving technologies. Due to the concept of sustainable development, such technologies are the most relevant and promising at the present stage. For their successful implementation, breeders have developed appropriate rice varieties and agrotechnical methods of growing in Krasnodar region. The calculation of the economic efficiency of the cultivation of a new rice variety Olimp with a shortened and constant flooding has been made. According to the data obtained, the variety gives the best result in terms of yield and economic indicators when growing rice plants in a constant flooding mode, adopted in a herbicide-free water-saving technology. It has been established that the most environmentally effective options are the use of biological methods of combating pathogens and the use of a new integrated pesticide-free nature-saving technology, especially in rice fields located in sanitary protection zones, as well as in the production of dietary food. Economic indicators were compared when using traditional intensive and nature-saving technologies of rice cultivation on the experimental plot. It was found that the profit from the sale of rice when using innovative technology is for 11848 rubles per hectare higher than the same indicator for the classical cultivation technology, and the profitability is 2.1 times higher and amounts to 76.5%. The given nature-saving technology is effective and allows to prevent damage caused to the environment when using intensive technology of rice cultivation.