RELATIONSHIP OF T HE CRIMINAL'S PERSONALITY TRAITS AND PUNISHMENT TO THE PUBLIC DANGER OF THE PERSON WHO COMMITTED THE CRIME
Background: a person's desire to commit a crime can be influenced by both their biologi cal and social characteristics, which are inextricably linked. However, crucial among all the characteristics of a person is its social danger, which is measured by the level (degree) of readiness of a person to commit a crime. The higher the risk of its Commission, the higher the degree of public danger of the person. Public danger is a characteristic of the social essence of the criminal. Criminal punishment should also have a social purpose, which is manifested in the possibility of deterring a person from committing a crime, which is also important for the social danger of the person. Russian criminal law in General, and criminal punishment in particular, is more effective the more effectively it forces a person to refrain from com mitting a crime. Objective: theoretical substantiation of the prevalence of social traits in the personality of the offender, as well as socially positive purpose of criminal punishment and criminal law of Russia as a whole. This goal is achieved by solving the following tasks: to reveal the biological and social causes of crimes; to determine the social danger of the person who committed the crime, its degree and nature; to identify the social purpose of criminal punishment and the domestic criminal law. Methodology: general scientific (dia lectical, analysis, comparison) and private scientific (legal-dogmatic) methods. Results: it was found that there is no specific “criminal type” characteristic of all criminals, however, they all share one common property - social danger. This proves that if a person has com mitted a crime, it is dangerous in itself, regardless of any other signs. The more realistic the likelihood of a crime being committed, the greater the risk of such a person. Conclusions: proper identification of symptoms that characterize the person who committed the crime, linking the readiness of persons to commit a crime and degree of public danger, the identi fication of the social nature of criminal punishment would allow the right to understand the purpose of domestic criminal law in General, and to determine the most efficient areas of application of criminal law.