SUBSTANTIATION OF IMPORTANCE OF GRAIN FEED MICRONIZATION IMPROVEMENT
It has been found that the use of mechanical methods does not effectively split the structure acting mainly on the outer shell without penetrating the structured components of the grain itself. In contrast to mechanical processing, infrared processing of grain raw materials allows increasing, in addition to digestibility, the nutritional value of grain feeds due to heat treatment of the upper layers of bulk raw materials, and from the inside the grain remains in its original form without processing. The technologies of combined infrared and mechanical effects lead to a rise in the cost of the process. It was determined that the operating energy costs of infrared emitters are high and amount to at least 0.33 kWh kg. The use of microwave energy for micronization of grain mass is justified both technologically and economically. Heat treatment is carried out throughout the entire volume of the material, its organoleptic characteristics, disinfection and destruction of barn pests are improved, and all the necessary conditions are provided for farm animals to eat grain feed processed in a microwave electromagnetic field. It has been found that the use of microwave energy for micronization of grain is more preferable, the energy consumption with this micronization method will be 0.14 kWh kg. It is emphasized that a capacity of 1 kW of serial sources of microwave energy is not enough for the production of grain feed on a peasant farm businesses and in agricultural organizations. The use of microwave generators with a power of more than 1 kW significantly increases the design cost of a microwave installation. The technologies and installations of cyclic action using several low-power microwave generators increase the duration of micronization. It is proposed to improve the microwave frequency method of micronizing grain by implementing its microwave installation, the design of which provides for the addition of magnetron powers in the waveguide which provides increased productivity while reducing energy consumption, thereby reducing the cost of the plant design and operating costs during its operation, thus achieving rational use of the raw material base for the production of grain feed while increasing their nutritional value and digestibility.