To the question of the philosophical and theological prerequisites for understanding law as a form of distinguishing between good and evil
Ancient thinking, focused on the problem of the unity of the one and the many, understood absolute goodness as the idea of any just action. Evil was understood as something not substantial, i.e. as that which is not being in the Parmenidean sense. Evil in the exact sense of this word is not, because there can be no idea of evil. Christian thinking, having perceived this interpretation, develops it in the discourse of theodicy: there is no evil, since the world was created by God, who carries the beginning of absolute goodness. This content was developed by Christian thinking in polemics with the Gnostics, who asserted that good and evil are two equal substances of the world. Solving the problem of the non-substantiality of evil required the speculative development of the idea offreedom and, as its foundation, the idea of subjectivity, which we find in classical philosophy, which we consider as the starting point of the sovereign Russian philosophy of law. Classical philosophy provides a means of thinking of absolute good and reflection of evil as a non-substantial subject.