Experience of Foreign Countries in Reindustrialization: Lessons for Russia
The article discusses the experience of France and Germany, China, India in the implementation of structural and technological modernization of the economy with the help of new strategic management tools. The main features of the programs are: innovative nature, focus on the implementation of structural changes in the economy, selectivity, focus on achieving specific results, import-substituting character in countries with transition economies. Although these programs affect the entire economy, they have their own priorities. These priorities are different for individual countries, but for all of them, the priorities of the accelerated introduction of technologies of the fourth industrial revolution come out on top. These programs are aimed at implementing fundamental structural changes, focusing on achieving concrete results in the medium term for 10-15 years. Foreign programs of structural and technological modernization also involve the introduction of new technologies in traditional sectors of the economy, that is, they have a synergistic effect on economic development. It is shown that despite the ambiguity of the results achieved, none of the countries refused to accept the adopted programs and continue their improvement in order to more adequately respond to the technological progress associated with the fourth industrial revolution. The tasks set in foreign programs of smart re-industrialization are extremely relevant for the Russian economy and deserve careful study and adaptation to our realities. It was noted that the essential shortcomings of the national projects are the lack of a monitoring and control system for the implementation of the goals set and excessively prolonged periods of “buildup”; lack of a well-developed long-term strategy for socio-economic development; the lack of well-developed plans in a number of key areas that determine the country’s digital future. The conclusion is made about the need to introduce strategic planning tools into national projects for the purposeful transformation of the structure of the Russian economy and its exports.