EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF LIQUID MANURE FOR GRAIN CROPS
The purpose of the research is to conduct an agronomic and economic assessment of the use of pig solid and liquid manure for spring wheat and barley on agrochernozem quasi-gley medium-arable heavy loam. The research was carried out at the Omsk State Agrarian University in 2015-2017. When using liquid manure, during the growing season, spring wheat formed a yield without fertilization of 2.70 t/ha, with application - 3.06-4.14 t/ha. The most effective was the use of 200 t/ha - the yield increase was 1.43 t or 53.02%. Barley formed a yield without fertilizers of 2.88 t/ha, with the introduction of liquid manure - 3.15-3.72 t/ha. The most effective was the use of 200 t/ha - the increase in yield was 0.85 t or 29.43%. When using solid manure, spring wheat formed a yield in the control variant of 1.82 t/ha, and with fertilizer - 2.02-2.52 t/ha. The most effective was the use of a manure norm of 50 t/ha - the increase in yield was 0.70 t or 38.46%. Taking into account the aftereffect for three years, the total yield of spring wheat formed 6.00 t/ha without manure and 7.60 t/ha with 60 t/ha of manure. Barley formed a yield in the control of 2.11 t/ha, all the applied norms of solid manure made it possible to form significant yield increases. The most effective was the rate of 50 t/ha with the increase in yield by 0.82 t or 38.6%. The payback of liquid manure with wheat grain (agronomic efficiency) ranged from 2.5 to 7.2 kg/t, barley - from 2.2 to 5.6 kg/t. Payback of solid manure with wheat grain was from 9.3 to 14.0 kg/t, barley - from 14.0 to 17.9 kg/t; wheat grain, taking into account the aftereffect, ranged from 23.5 to 32.5 kg/t, which is significantly higher than with the action. The use of liquid pig manure in the cultivation of spring wheat and barley on agro-chernozem quasi-gley heavy loam is economically advantageous. Conditional net income and profitability in the best yield options were, respectively, when growing spring wheat 14 507 rubles/ha and 208.9% and barley 10 625 rubles/ha and 38.9% when applying liquid manure. When applying solid manure, the conditional net income and profitability amounted to 3800 rubles/ha and 56.7% for spring wheat, and 3430 rubles/ha and 50.3% for barley, taking into account two years of aftereffect, the conditional net income amounted to 15 200 rubles/ha when growing spring wheat with a profitability of 172.7%.