Aneurysmal Cysts of the Lower Jaw in Children and Adolescents
Introduction. The article presents the experience of treating children and adolescents with aneurysmal cysts of the mandible from 2001 to 2018. Aneurysmal bone cysts of the lower jaw are rarely observed at the age between 10 and 17 years. The causes of aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) have not yet been revealed. In any case, the pathogenesis of ABC is a combination of complex dysplastic and reparative processes in bone tissue, which has not yet been fully studied.Purpose. To study the clinic, X-ray picture, other diagnostic methods, and immediate and long-term results of the sparing surgical treatment of the lower jaw ABC in children and adolescents.Materials and methods. There were 10 children at the age of 10-17 years with aneurysmal mandible cysts under the supervision in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry of the BSMU, in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the 4th Municipal Children’s Clinical Hospital of Minsk from 2001 to 2018. Among them, there were 3 boys and 7 girls.Results and discussion. Clinical X-ray examination and diagnostic puncture are required for diagnostics of the pathology. The one-beam computed tomography of the jaws is the most optimal X-ray method. Conclusion. The operation of cystotomy in treatment of aneurysmal bone cysts is the most optimal one, because it lets to save all permanent teeth adjacent to the cyst, saving the viability of the pulp,i.e. these teeth should not be trepanned and sealed before the surgery. The authors strongly oppose jaw resection in treatment of aneurysmal jaw cysts, because observation of patients for up to10 years after the surgery did not reveal any cases of recurrence of the disease. In case of removal of permanent teeth in treatment of aneurysmal bone jaw cysts, patients need dental prosthetics. All patients with aneurysmal bone cysts need regular follow-up in the postoperative period until normalization of the clinical X-ray picture or up to 18 years with large cysts.