About formation of personnel’ readiness for actions in emergency circumstances
The article is devoted to the analysis of readiness of the personnel, working in the Penal system, for actions in emergency circumstances. There are different approaches to the content of the concept of readiness for actions in emergency situations. For example, B. G. Anan’ev defines the concept of readiness for highly productive activities in a certain area of work and social life as a manifestation of abilities. We believe that readiness for actions in emergency situations for the staff of the Penal system should be understood as a state formed on the basis of special knowledge, skills, and abilities that ensure effective performance of official duties, when the operational situation in agencies and institutions becomes more complicated. At the same time, psychological components, which must include motives, attitudes, levels of volitional and emotional self-control, play an important role in this state. Based on the results of the study, we have identified opportunities for the following components’ development: 1) motivational volitional component, as the initial aspect of any activity, which includes a system of incentive motives, the ability to self-regulate mental states, determining the nature of human activity in the implementation of professional tasks; 2) cognitive component that consists of a system of algorithms knowledge for actions in case of emergency circumstances, subjective perceptions and attitudes to the performance of professional tasks in extreme situations; 3) activity component, manifested in the skills and abilities of practical implementation of service tasks in a complex operational environment, including decision-making, organization of individual and joint actions as part of units (functional groups). During the main stage of the research (forming experiment), such forms of training organization as tactical drill, staff training, command and staff exercises, tactical and special exercises, instructional and instructional-methodical classes were used. In the institutions of experimental group, instead of the usual tactical and drill classes, special tactical classes were held with the involvement of the heads of classes and their assistants from among the employees who had undergone professional development in educational organizations subordinated to the Federal penitentiary service. In the course of training, heads of divisions were trained, skills of tactical actions of employees as part of functional groups were formed in response to emergency situations, skills of tactical coordination of forces and means of the Federal penitentiary service of Russia were trained, and modeling of various types of emergency situations was used. In general, the results of the formative experiment can be evaluated positively and the fact of achieving the set research objectives can be noted.