Cognitive-behavioural approach in the psychological correction of the emotional state and behavior in burn disease
Were examined 50 persons with a diagnosis of burn disease II-III degree. In the diagnostic phase were used clinical interview and observation, the integrative test of anxiety, S. Rozenzweig picture frustration study, coping test R. Lazarus. Patients with burn disease demonstrated a high level of "situational" anxiety (emotional discomfort, anxiety rating perspectives and asthenic component). Significantly increased net aggression, high parameters of the total self-shielding of the reactions, high values of the index of directionality of aggression, reduced transformation index of aggression and index to solve problems, noted significantly higher "external aggression" and the low group adaptation. According to the coping test identified stress coulduse behavior with a predominance of nonadaptive coping strategy "distancing". Then was formed by a program of psychological support that includes diagnosis of factors involved in adaptation in burn disease; learning the techniques of attenuation of the pain syndrome; reduction of anxiety and stabilization of the emotional background, the formation of an adequate attitude to the disease, training of coping strategies with stress and social support. The program was a technique used in cognitive-behavioral therapy. After the program of psychological correction the level of "situational" anxiety significantly decreased for almost all indicators. The results of the coping test showed that a significantly increased frequency of use of coping self-control.