IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNICAL MEANS OF COMBINED IRRIGATION ON THE BASIS OF FUNCTIONAL-MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
The creation of resource-saving irrigation tools of the new generation, characterized by lower material intensity and greater efficiency in the operation, requires the improvement of general approaches to their design based on the methodology of sys-tem analysis and synthesis. The review of the results of patent analysis of more than 500 promising technical solutions in the field of irrigation is presented in categories (Local ir-rigation systems, International Patent Classification Index (IPC) A01G 25/00; Droppers and irrigators, IPC A01G 25/02; Technologies and technological parameters of resource saving, IPC A01G 7/00, A01G 1/00; Methods of cultivation of agricultural crops on irriga-tion IPC C05D 11/00, A01G 1/00; Management of irrigation systems IPC A01G 13/00, A01M 7/00; Ecologization of irrigation IPC A01G 25/09). On the basis of the system analysis of the problem sides of drip and combined irrigation, including the combination of drip and fine sprinkling, the main trends of improvement and promising directions for the development of technologies and technical means for crop irrigation are identified. Using morphological analysis and synthesis based on the constructed functional-morphological and structural-morphological tables, possible variants of combinations of functional features (invariants) of combined irrigation systems were obtained (US Pat. RU 2643730 C1, 154632 U1, 178110 U1, etc.). Recommendations on the improvement of technical and technological solutions in the field of resource conservation when using irrigation reclamation are given. Developed technologies, technical means for their implementation and bench equipment for the study of the processes of moisture transfer contribute to improving the efficiency of cultivation of S.-H. crops, as well as increasing yields with drip, fine and combined, with their combination, irrigation methods.