DESKURAINIA SOFIA - PROSPECTS FOR APPLICATION IN MEDICAL PRACTICE
Descurainia is a common weed annual plant. In the aboveground part of the plant are defined sitosterins, saponins, coumarins, flavonoids, 1-2% glycoside - sinigrin, which during hydrolysis gives mustard oil, vitamins C, E, PP, traces of alkaloids. Descurainia seeds contain sugars, protein, fatty oil, organic acids, sitosterols, descuranic acid, sulfuric glycosides - descurainosides, flavonoids - kempferol, quercetin, ramnetine, isoramnetine, sulfuric glycosides - raphausides. In folk medicine in Central Asia, decoction of descurainia is used as a hemostatic, antipyretic, soothing agent for laryngeal diseases. Seed decoction is used for nausea, chest diseases, and palpitations. Scientific studies have revealed that descurainia extracts have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-helminth activity. Experimental studies have shown that the aqueous extract of D. sophia is a potent immunomodulator for improving allergic reactions by suppressing the expression of Th2 cytokines in asthmatic mice. Ethanol extracts of D. sophia (L.) seeds can enhance lymphocyte proliferation, protect immune organs, and enhance nonspecific and specific immunity in immunosuppressive mice. The study showed that Descurainia sophia show strong antitumor activity both in vivo and in vitro. The ethanol extract of D. sophia seeds is a selective inhibitor of CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, therefore it affects the pharmacokinetics of drugs, when combined.