CARDIOEMBOLIC STROKE: ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, RISK FACTORS FOR HEMORRHAGICTRANSFORMATION
Etiology, pathogenesis of cardioembolic stroke (Cs) and risk factors of the ischemic stroke hemorrhagic transformation are reviewed in the article. main heart diseases with embolic activity complicated with Cs are described. a range of the cardial pathology associated with risk of cerebral and system embolism concerning its nosology, formation place and structure of an embologenic substratum is revised. Three main types of cardioembolic sources are evaluated: camera pathology, valve pathology and paradoxical cardioembolism. different types of atrial fibrillation and factors promoting thrombosis and embolism in the brain vessels are thoroughly described. Pathogenesis of ischemic alterations in the brain tissue, cerebral vascular reaction, cellular metabolism, brain edema are reviewed. high blood pressure, fragmentation and movement of embolus factor in distal departments of the vascular course, high intravascular pressure and ascending level of the blood flow and also a fast recanalization of a thrombosed vessel or its branches are explained as main factors of the ischemic stroke hemorrhagic transformation.