History of pre-revolutionary journalism in Siberia: stages of research, new directions
There exist many articles that confirm a continuous researching interest to publishing and newspaper and magazine periodicals in Siberia. Siberian journalism as an object of research causes a definite paradox: it is interdisciplinary for two humanitarian sciences, philology and history. So in many articles periodicals of Siberia serve as a source of studying different facts, but not as a phenomenon. One may classify several stages in history of studying of the Siberian journalism; their characteristics are connected with its scientific understanding. The first, "pre-scientific" (the second half of the 19th - 1917) stage is the period of collecting factual data: scientists, journalists, writers laid the base for the studying of Siberian journalism as a phenomenon by finding data on editions published in Siberia, by publishing results of their own researches, bibliographic materials about journalists, editors, publishers of Siberian periodicals in Siberian press. Siberian journalism was treated as a part of the all-Russian system of periodicals; the articles described the connection of journalism with the ideas of Siberian oblastnichestvo (regionalism), the role of Siberian press in the formation of regional consciousness. The "local history" stage (1920s) was marked by covering of topics forbidden during czarism - on the role of political exile in the development of culture, literature, Siberian periodicals, connections of regionalists with socialists, activity of secret presses, etc. After the defeat of regionalism movement in the middle of 1930s till 1950s only solitary articles about Siberian periodicals were published. During the "scientific" stage (1960s-1990s) Siberian journalism was studied within researches in history, literature and literature critique of Siberia, activity of political exiles in Siberia. After the country converted to capitalism (2000s) a new "reformation" stage began with its particular feature - "revision" of previous conceptions, retrieval of new research methods for studying Siberian journalism. The topical problems of the discipline at the given stage are questions connected with the clarity of scientific definitions, beginning with the content of the term "Siberian journalism"; study of jour nalism as a system applying the basics of systems analysis; research of new methods based on the existing conceptions of the significance of "microhistory", local and regional, and connected with the researches of European scientific schools, by example of the Annales School. It is necessary to begin a profound study of journalism of local Siberian regions - pre-revolutionary provinces, for these articles in future will form the basis for a generalized scientific work on history of Siberian journalism of the 18th - the beginning of the 20th centuries.