Introduction of the program of training process with a special set ofjumping exercises for athletes aged 9-10
Many authors call the ability to jump one of the important qualitative aspects of the motor activity of young athletes. Previous studies showed that the method of Yu. Verkhoshansky using jumping is more effective for the development of the basic physical characteristics of young athletes than the running technique. However, it was found that the athletes find it hard for the initial training to master technically difficult exercises when using this technique. A program was developed of the training process using a special set of jumping exercises, which suited the athletes aged 9-10, and allowed to develop comprehensive basic physical qualities of young athletes at the early stage of preparation on this basis. The experiment was conducted from September 2012 to May 2013 on the basis of the Children and Youth School of Olympic Reserve No.1 in Athletics in Tomsk, in the athletics arena "Harmony". The study involved 30 athletes. The experimental group (15 people) worked on the developed program of the training process using a special set of jumping exercises. The control group (15 people) were engaged by the method of N.G. Ozolin using treadmill training. A control test and electromyography of the thigh muscles was carried out to assess the results of the experiment. All the results were processed using the method of mathematical statistics - the Mann-Whitney U test. Control testing and study of bioelectric activity of the leg muscles of athletes showed no statistically significant difference in rates at the beginning of the experiment. The results of the standing long jump, the standing triple jump, the 30-metre run, and the 500-metre run in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after the pedagogical experiment. The athletes of the experimental group had higher rates of the amplitude and a greater reduction in the oscillation frequency of bioelectrical activity of the thigh muscles of the jumping leg. On this basis, it can be concluded that the option of sports training in the experimental group using a special set of jumping exercises is more suitable for beginner athletes (9-10-year olds), it is more effective to increase the level of fitness, as it allows complex development of basic physical qualities of young athletes.