METHODS OF MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES AND RUSSIA: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Article contains the analysis of approaches to measurement of poverty in various foreign countries including as being members of the European Union, and isn’t present; it is told about possibility of loan of experience of measurement of poverty by the countries - not only members of the European Union. Article reveals interrelation of the program of the UN (PROON), concerning rating of the countries of the world on the level of human development with economic and social situation of the countries, one of which main directions is the standard of living (the gross national income per capita calculated at purchasing power). Level of wellbeing of the person is also defined with such indexes as: Index of a gender inequality, Index of multidimensional poverty, Index of a social and economic inequality. Following the results of 2013 Russia took the 57th place in a rating and treats the countries with a high level of development of human potential. In our country steady positive dynamics in all directions is noted. As for Europe, in article the opinion of experts on which to reduce quantity poor several times for only some years and even in the conditions of the proceeding financial and economic crisis is noted is extremely problematic. The greatest threat to wellbeing of Europeans is posed by so-called monetary poverty. The indicator of monetary poverty displays number of citizens which real income is lower than 60% of average value about the country. In Europe consider that such level of poverty guarantees a physiological survival. Actual experience of measurement and technologies of overcoming of poverty of such foreign countries as Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Denmark and other countries is considered. In article importance of exchange of experience between the countries, as not entering into the European Union, and European Union member countries is emphasized; need of further improvement of techniques of measurement of poverty, development and improvement of indicators of poverty, and also technologies of its overcoming.