Ethno-population nutrition features of patients with metabolic syndrome
The aim of the research is identification of nutrition patterns and eating behavior in patients with metabolic syndrome from the Republic of Khakassia. Material and methods. 2 groups - the Khakass and the Caucasians of Khakassia (n = 100) were examined. Verification of the metabolic syndrome was carried out taking into account the criteria of JIS (2009). Nutrition assessment was carried out on the basis of 24-hour registration of food consumption and frequency of meals. Analysis of dietary intake and eating behavior was carried out using Nutrition Analytics program and the DEBQ questionnaire. Statistical processing of the results of the study was carried out using BioStat package. Results. Regardless of ethnicity, nutritional structure of patients with metabolic syndrome is characterized by insufficient consumption of dairy products, fish and seafood, vegetables and fruits amid excessive consumption of sugar, confectionery, fat and bakery products. There is an unbalanced diet with violation of proteins, fats, carbohydrates ratio: regardless of gender and ethnicity. The most characteristic violations of chemical composition of the diet are excessive calorie and fat intake, insufficient intake of protein, complex carbohydrates and dietary fiber, significantly higher consumption of sodium, potassium, phosphorus. All these is amid a deficiency of magnesium intake. Diet imbalance for the consumption of certain groups of macronutrients had ethnic differences. The leading type of food addiction in the Khakases with metabolic syndrome was restrictive eating behavior, while in the Caucasians - emotional one. Conclusion. The analysis of nutritional structure of patients with metabolic syndrome indicates pronounced deviations in the consumption of individual nutrients from the recommended values, as well as eating disorder.