The children of Germany in the Frst World War
The problem is, the article is particularly relevant, as in domestic science participation of Germany in the First World War was seen almost exclusively from the military and political point of view. The society of Reich had been explored fragmentary, but the German kids life remains a white stain. The article focuses on the examination of the situation and the role of the children at the "front of the homeland" during the First World War. The research is based on analyzing in German such scholars as: Flemming Th., Kellerhof S.-F., Meiner A., Ulrich B., Wehler H.-U. These authors had prepared their works to 100-anniversary of the First World War. Internet resources were also used, that were the materials produced by a number of academic and political and educational centers. The article shows that in connection with the transfer of all resources to the military industry the society situation deteriorated rapidly and children grew up in conditions of hunger, lack of fuel, lack of basic necessities. Doctors documented deterioration of children's health and increased mortality. The quality of teaching became lower due to the shortage of teachers, premises, reducing the training sessions. The most acute problem of rear during the war was hunger, from which about 700 thousand died. German children in the absence of fathers tried to help mothers in search of food, took care of younger siblings, older relatives. Many unaccompanied teenagers often committed antisocial and criminal acts that resulted in an increase in the number of convicted prisoners among them. During the war children were involved in the achievement of major objectives of the development of the society. With the shortage of workforce in Germany children were used in the war economy, were attracted in the campaign for the collection of recyclable materials, because there was deficit due to the British naval blockade. The Government funded the war through domestic borrowings, which involved children. The war had a negative impact on children of Germany. They were not aware of normal childhood, their health has been undermined, that was the threat to their future. Many war children became orphans. But after the return of the fathers the situation of many children had not changed radically for the better, as many war veterans returned home disabled, mentally depleted and could not again become heads of families.