Higher education and science in the Tula region and the neighboring regions: a comparative analysis
The article examines the individual processes in higher education and science of the Tula region as the basis of social modernization. Methodological basis of the research is the theory of He Chuanci, in which special attention is paid to the secondary processes of modernization (post-industrialization). Its integral parts include institutions of higher education and science, which are considered in the comparison of the Tula region and neighboring areas (Moscow, Ryazan, Lipetsk, Orel, Kaluga) for 2007 and 2013. This article discusses the following indexes: the number of university students per 1000 inhabitants in the region, the number of organizations of higher professional education in the regions, the share of specialists with higher education in total employment in the economy, the share of people with academic degrees among faculty members of universities, the number of organizations engaged in scientific research and development, number of patents received in the regions, the costs of research and development in the gross regional product of the region, the share of personnel engaged in research and development among the employed population of the region. The article shows the general dynamics of the decline of the individual characteristics of the studied areas, with the growth of some indicators of development of science and higher education in Moscow and Lipetsk regions. The author found that in the Tula region, the changes are mild and repeat the dynamics of the neighboring regions.