INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS APPLICATION SCHEMES OF MACRO- AND MICRO-FERTILIZERS AND GROWTH STIMULANTS ON SOIL WATER REGIME AND CONSUMPTION, WINTER WHEAT GRAIN YIELD AND ITS CLASS
The research purpose is to increase the yield and winter wheat grain class within the conditions of the Middle Volga forest-steppe region. The studies were conducted between the periods of 2018-2020. The soil of the experimental research is leached middle loamy black one. It was established that the main factor influencing the increase of yield, gluten content, water regime and consumption coefficient is macro-, micro-fertilizers and growth stimulants. The effect of water softener is less significant. The highest winter wheat yield (5.264 t/ha) was obtained using a tank mixture (Stimax + Nutrient + Carbamide) with simultaneous pecacid use (19.4% higher than compared to the control). The increase due to the preparations for this variant was 856 kg/ha, and an air conditioner use amounted to - 125 kg/ha. The mixture Nutrient + Carbamide ranks second where 5.127 t/ha was obtained using pecacid from 1 ha; tank mixture Stimax + Nutrient was placed third where 4,491 t/ha was collected from 1 ha, which is higher than from the control area, respectively, by 16.3 and 12.1%. The use of each drug separately (2, 3, 4 variants) and their use in double mixtures reduced the yield compared to the tank mixture consisting of three components (Stimax + Nutrient + Carbamide). The use of a water conditioner (pecacid) for foliar top dressing contributed to an increase in yield for all experiments compared with variants without pecacid use. The maximum yield of the Scepter winter wheat (5.264 t/ha) and the highest gluten content (26.7%) in the experiment for an average of four years were obtained on the eighth variant (Stimax + Nutrivant + Carbamid). The cost of grain due to this variant amounted to 7.335 thousand rubles/ton, profitability - 108.2%. The use of pure drugs and in double tank mixtures is less effective.