Application of mechanochemistry-assisted treatment to aqueous extraction of isofraxidin from<i> Acanthopanax senticosus</i>
Mechanochemistry-assisted treatment (MT) was applied for the first time to extract isofraxidin from <i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> using water as solvent. Six extraction variables, i.e. solvent, Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> content, sample granularity, extraction time, liquid/solid ratio (ml/g), extraction temperature were investigated with respect to the yield of isofraxidin. The most favourable conditions were obtained by using superfine powered plant material ( D <sub>95</sub> of 47 μm) with Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> content of 0.5 mass %, extracted with water (liquid/solid ratio of 20 : 1, ml/g) for 3 min at 25 <sup>o</sup>C. The results obtained using the optimized conditions were compared to those with heat reflux extraction. MT extraction was found to increase the yield of isofraxidin considerably while excluding organic solvents and reducing both extraction time and temperature.