THE ROLE OF CATALYTIC CRACKING PROCESS IN THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH-OCTANE GASOLINE
The early development of the automotive industry the main demand for gasoline had mostly straight run oil products. With the rapid development of the automotive industry of direct distillation of oil could no longer meet the demand for gasoline, despite the fact that oil production has increased. To ensure the needs of the road transport quality of gasoline required by other processes. Development and application of catalytic reforming processes in obtaining products with a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons of high-octane from the 1950 ´s made these processes the Foundation technology for the production of high-octane gasoline. In response to the need to further increase the octane number of gasoline and improve their environmental property, use only single-light gasoline cut as part of a commercial fuel is not allowed to receive gasoline required quality. With the rapid growth of car fleet petrol consumption is increasing every year. The number of cars registered in Russia at the end of the year totaled 45.4 million in 2014. According to the statistics of the growth of road transport in Russia on average 4–5 % a year. This shows that gasoline consumption is growing faster than production. At this rate of growth in the vehicle fleet of the country within three to five years, the complex processes of Russian oilrefineries will not ensure the needs in automotive gasoline. Therefore, with increasing demand for motor gasoline, the need to increase the selection of light oil products from oil and to improve the quality of motor fuels, catalytic cracking becomes the most important process in the petroleum refining industry.