ANALYSIS OF EMBANKMENT HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT AS OPTIMAL ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING ENVIRONMENT FOR ALL RECREATIONAL TYPES AND FORMS
The analysis of historical development of the embankment, as technical construction which gains wide popularity during formation of coastal resorts of the English aristocracy of the XIX-XX centuries is carried out. Recreational development of the coast is defined as the major factor of transformation of natural landscapes. To give to the coast the correct form, strengthening, protection from washout, to increase city space embankments are under construction in a coastal zone. Again formed space is used for creation of promenades, esplanades, parks, piers, etc. The analysis shows that the embankment turns from an engineering construction in architectural and planning zones between the nature and the city which purpose is a creation of the optimal environment for all recreational types and forms. The obtained positive experience of city space increasing finds broad application by other countries. The conclusion is drawn, about what that in the course of historical development the embankment proved to be as a flexible architectural form, capable to develop, and its utilitarian functions was formed by its esthetic qualities.