THE NATURE OF THE INTERACTION OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE ANTHROPOGENICALLY TRANSFORMED ECOSYSTEMS OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA
The objects of the study were the areas of the southern dry steppe and agricultural objects located within them with the presence of a spatial combination of agrobiocenosis and elements of anthropogenic impact on the territory of Volgograd, Astrakhan regions, Stavropol territory and the Republic of Kalmykia. The main approaches and methods to obtain objective information about the studied phytocoenoses was the method of spectral decomposition of actual space images high resolution, indirect integral assessment of the species diversity and Vitiaz composed of man-made intrusions on the basis of dynamic shooting it with the side view at an angle from 20 to 45 degrees, the integrated geobotanical, entomological, microbiological and soil-ecological field and laboratory research. The relationship was detected for the following subsystems: «phytocenosis-species-edificators», «soil growing», «the species-edificatory entomocomplexes», «phytocenosis-microflora», «soil-typical representatives of the microbiota», etc. As a result of the research it was found that the impact of intrusion on agrobiocenosis has a complex, mainly negative character, intrusion with PP less than 50% to a small extent affect the adjacent agro-cenosis, when covering 70% or more - lead to quite pronounced changes in the adjacent areas of the agrocenosis, have an impact on the trophic structure and the nature of the links between its components. Community developing on areas exposed to post-annamu anthropogenic human impact, as studies have shown, are characterized by a high degree of explanantory. The General trend of plant interaction in the studied phytocenoses can be called the creation of a stable "core" community consisting of productive perennial plants adapted to the conditions of the southern dry steppe. When entomological collecting in mixed grass-sagebrush Association revealed a complex of insects, inhabiting associated with certain types of plants edificatory plant communities. Primary linkage analysis for the studied phytocenoses showed that the strongest relationship is that between the group of aerobic bacteria including Pseudomonas and a species of tsenooobrazovani-mi as Euphorbia helioscopia and Atriplex tatarica. A similar situation develops for the group of anaerobic bacteria Cl. asetobutilicum and Artemisia lercheana. On the basis of the data on the consort relationships between the main participants of biogeocenoses, a design of the database of research data for storage and systematization of information was developed, which will allow in the future to build a prognostic model, faster and more reliable screening of impacts on natural communities within the framework of the necessary environmental measures.