K. D. Ushinsky’s Pedagogical Anthropology in the Context of the Integrative Approach to the Human Phenomenon
In the article a wide range of philosophical and methodological, social and biological problems of the human phenomenon is considered. The necessity to use the system methodological imperative is substantiated. The idea of integrity of the human existence allows uniting all social and individual, natural and cultural, spiritual and corporeal things in it. As the originality of a human being as a subject and an object of exploration is in the continuous union of natural and social laws, which characterize him, it is obvious that in this area the interests of social and natural studies close in. The article pays special attention to the development of K. D. Ushinsky’s ideas in modern pedagogical and social anthropology. The importance of multiview consideration of a child as a dynamic system in the conditions of the changing world is emphasized. In this regard, such «eternal» questions as legal protection of the childhood social welfare of children and teenagers require new approaches. In other words, the world of Childhood is a very complicated system formation, which requires multidisciplinary and integrative approaches. The most important thing is that we should try to see the world of Childhood and a Child in it not only as a product of socialization and teaching by adults, but as the independent, unique, socio-biological and socio-cultural reality.