Monitoring of agrocenosis phytosanitary condition in Ryazan region
The research aims to monitor the phytosanitary state of crops in climatic and soil conditions of Ryazan region. Research took place in 2015-2019 on the basis of the agrotechnological experimental station of the Ryazan State Agrotechnological University as well as agricultural enterprises of Ryazan region. Root diseases appear the most on barley crops, that proves a greater susceptibility of barley plants to root rot agents compared to winter wheat. Fungi of genus Helminthosporium are found in 74% cases when determining root rot agents, Fusarium - 9%. Samples with mixed infection reach 17%. Leaf spots develop quite strong in the 2nd and 3rd level, on average 5.8% during ear formation and 14.6% over milk ripeness. Potato is usually infected with late blight, black scab, silver scab and potato scab. Depending on the condition of the growing season, type and dry-weight percentage of soil, harmfulness of these diseases range from 5-10% in regular years and up to 40-70% while epiphytoty. Colorado beetle is found on the potato plantings. Oil plants are attacked by dangerous blasts: cruciferous flea beetle, diamondback moth, pollen beetle. The most common and dangerous diseases are alternia blight and fusarium blight. Early development and high harmfulness of cruciferous flea beetle lift the need in insecticide protectant like Kruizer Raps, KS and Modesto, KS while rape seed production. Its use decreases the amount of cruciferous flea beetle by 2.5 times compared to the control.