The Origin of Airborne Assault Forces, their use at the Beginning of World War II and the Activities of Osoaviahim in Preparing the Population for their Reflection
The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that international terrorism is now widely developed, which in terms of methods and purposes of use is largely similar to the use of sabotage groups and airborne assaults used by fascist Germany during the Second World War. Studying the tactics of their use, as well as the experience of organizing the fight against them, will allow us to more effectively prevent the activities of possible terrorist groups on the territory of our country, as well as contribute to the quality training of the Airborne Forces and Special Forces, which ultimately will strengthen the defense and anti-terrorism security of the country. The aim of the study is to study the process of the origin of airborne assault forces, their use in the territory of several countries of Western Europe in 1939-1941, as well as the activities of Osoaviahim in our country in preparing the population to repel airborne assault forces. Tasks: to analyze the course of the first parachute landing, to emphasize the priority of the Soviet Union in the creation of airborne troops, to show Germany's success in the development and use of paratrooper troops in the conditions of the outbreak of World War II, as well as to generalize the experience of the defense society of the USSR in anti-landing training of the population . Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was the principle of historicism, methods of objectivity and scientific, chronological and historical-comparative approaches. The results of a scientific search indicate that the development of aviation in the early twentieth century led to the idea of dropping saboteurs behind enemy lines using aircraft. The introduction of parachutes into aviation as a means of saving pilots soon led to the idea of turning the parachute into a military weapon and the emergence of airborne troops. The homeland of the Airborne Forces is the Soviet Union, the experience of which was successfully applied by Germany, which created powerful parachute troops on the eve of World War II. The unexpected use of these troops on a massive scale, the unpreparedness of the population of a number of Western European countries for the fight against them contributed to the achievement of Germany's quick victories over these countries. The Soviet Union took into account the airborne factor of fascist Germany and was able to successfully resist the German airborne assault forces in the conditions of the outbreak of World War II. Conclusion. The study of how Germany uses airborne assaults in Poland, Norway and a number of other European countries, as well as the timely introduction of appropriate adjustments to the anti-airborne training of the population, allowed our country to successfully prepare for the reflection of the fascist assaults.