ADAPTIVE PROPERTIES OF AGROCOENOSIS AT APPLICATION OF PHYTOHORMONES
The authors have studied the influence of various phytohormones on agrocoenosis of vegetable, fruit and decorative crops. Experiments were conducted in the field plot of the Department of Fruit and Vegetable Growing and on the territory of the Botanical garden of Voronezh State Agrarian University using conventional techniques. It was shown that almost all applied phytohormones facilitate an increase in productivity of the studied crops. Statistical processing of the obtained data defined the role of each factor in the experiment (relationship between factors). For tomatoes the main contribution (over 50%) was made by features of genotypes of different cultivars; for white cabbage an almost equal contribution (40% each) was made by features of genotypes and peculiarities of action of phytohormones; for table beet the most important was the action of different phytohormones (over 55%); for carrots the most important role (55%) was played by the interactions of different genotypes and different phytohormones. In rooting of parent stock and decorative plants (roses) the main role in the formation of response of agrocoenosis was played by the genotypes of rose varieties (56-65%) and types of parent stock (76%), although in rooting of rose cuttings in autumn 30% of response of agrocoenosis was determined by the type of phytohormone. It was shown that the effect of application of different phytohormones in the studied agrocoenosis depends mainly on the features of genotype that were estimated by calculating the values of general and specific adaptive ability (GAA and SAA). In tomatoes the Lunny cultivar exhibited the highest GAA and SAA, in white cabbage - the Gorlitsa cultivar, in carrots - the Karlena cultivar, during rooting of roses - the Princess and Red Blankitt varieties, and during rooting of plum stocks - the OP 23-23 stock. The authors have also identified the best phytohormones by the value of productivity of vegetable crops [Zircon for tomatoes and white cabbage; Agate-25K, Albite, Cresacin and Epin Ekstra for carrots; Zircon and Albite (commercial yield) and 0.05% maleic hydrazide (seed bearers) for table beet] and rooting ability of rose cuttings and plum stocks (Kornevin).