Adaptation in the production of potato minitubers microplants in a protected ground
To date, a large amount of research is being carried out in the field of the production of a healthy potato planting material and its further reproduction. Preservation of potato plants planted in the soil in an in vitro culture and an increase in the yield of tubers from these plants is the most pressing issue in this direction. Research has established that, the use of agrotechnological methods that allow rooting of plants before planting into the soil allowed to increase the plant survival rate up to 71.2%, the density of plants standing up to 73.2 thousand specimens per hectare, the breeding multiplication factor to 4.9 specimens tubers per bush. Tuber yield increased by 22.2%. The best option is to use rooted plants with a planting density of 142.8 thousand specimens per hectare in earlier periods (June 10). This combination of agricultural methods increases the survival rate of planting material, the yield of tubers from one plant and from a square. The article provides an assessment of the best options for the results of research in 2013-2015 - “Study of the effect of timing, planting density of test-tube and rooted potato plants in covering tunnels at the exit of mini tubers”, in conditions as close as possible to production, 2016. Due to the high survival rate and density of plants standing for harvesting, in 2016, rooted plants formed a crop of tubers 30% more than in vitro plants planted in the ground. The yield of tubers was 677.0 thousand specimens’ tubers per hectare, an increase of 203.6 thousand tubers per hectare. The profitability of the production technology of tubers, based on the use of rooted, adapted plants as a planting material, amounted to 213.4%, net income exceeded a given value in comparison with the adopted production technology of 34.6% (6915.1 against 4519.5 thousand RUB).