Theoretical aspects of studying the specifics of engineering activities
The article presents the results of the theoretical analysis of the problem of psychological support of modern engineering activity at the level of the structure of professionally significant qualities, which acquires special significance in the context of its various specifications. Relevance is supported by the continuous modernization of industrial complexes and the active development of enterprises in various areas of the labor market. The purpose of the study was to study the psychological content of the engineer's activities based on the definition of its leading components. The methodological basis of the presented study was the approaches of domestic scientists A.A. Derkach, E.P. Ermolaev, S.L. Lenkov, N.E. Rubtsova, V.D. Shadrikov. The general orientation of the works of the authors cited by us indicates the need to develop a unified approach to establishing psychological criteria for the effectiveness and reliability of engineering labor, taking into account its specificity, as well as the stages of professional formation. It should be noted that numerous innovations introduced into the technological process to ensure its safety at the psychological level and increase efficiency contribute to the formation of new specialties in engineering. These trends provide an opportunity: for the employment of young professionals with technical education in its more prestigious areas, for the realization of creative potential in labor activity, for advancement on the career "ladder". In this regard, the high significance of the discoveries of engineering thought, its results for the life of society constantly raises questions about the training of high-class engineers confirming their level in practice. The possibility of taking into account psychological trends in the process of professional development of an engineer by differentiating leading professionally significant qualities and highlighting the structure of the engineer's qualities based on theoretical analysis becomes an important basis that will further contribute to the implementation of labor functions at a reliable level.