THE EFFECT OF LASER IRRADIATION ON THE ACTIVITY OF FUNGI GENUS TRICHODERMA
Fungi of the genus Trichoderma are known as antagonists of phytopathogens; therefore, they are used as a basis for a number of biological plant protection drugs. However, the low rate of reproduction and colonization of these fungi and incomplete elimination of pathogens are the main problems for their widespread introduction into agricultural production. One of the promising areas of stimulation of micromycetes is irradiation with coherent light. This will make it possible to manage their various physiological processes, including the growth, development and synthesis of producers. A comparative study of the effectiveness of the use of helium-neon and semiconductor lasers for the treatment of the fungus T. lignorum showed that at more effective exposure times (240 s for helium-neon, 60 and 240 s for semiconductor lasers), the maximum growth and development of mycelium was observed (5 points). Taking into account that the growth of fungal colonies in the control was estimated at 2,66 points, laser stimulation was 87,9%. In this case, the use of semiconductor and helium-neon lasers turned out to be equally effective, the differences in these variants of the experiment are insignificant and are within the standard error of the mean value. An increase in the antifungal activity of T. harzianum against the fungus A. alternata after using a semiconductor laser to treat a biocontrol agent, where no pathogen growth was observed. At the same time, in the control (without irradiation), the growth of the tester was 1,59 points. The obtained data indicate a positive effect of coherent light on the effectiveness of protective biopreparations containing fungi of the genus Trichoderma by increasing their physiological activity.