Epistemology: Trends and Revolution
The subject of study is theories of knowledge in its historical dynamics. The author has tried to identify the main trends and qualitative leaps in the evolution of cognition. The aim is to identify common patterns and sequence logic of knowledge. The author applies the structural-genetic method for isolating the steps and procedures for relations between them. The author speaks of three revolutions in the history of epistemology: the first revolution of birth of the theory of knowledge, a transcendental Kantian revolution and the linguistic turn in epistemology. The first revolution creates classical theory of knowledge as realism, idealism and skepticism. Kant''s theory is the second revolution. Kantianism, phenomenology and pragmatism further develop the ideas of Kant. The third revolution is the emergence of analytic philosophy. Modern epistemology turns into a designation, an aggregate disciplinary project that explores questions of knowledge, expertise and methodology. The results of the study can be used in research and teaching practice.