EFFECT IMMUNOMODULATORY DRUGS "STP" ON COWS IMMUNOBIOLOGICAL REACTIVITY DURING THEIR START-UP AND DRY
Introduction. Microbiological research is one of the most important steps in the diagnosis of infectious diseases.The dry period is very important for cows’ organism. With the end of lactation, during the dry-off period due to the cyclical functioning of the reproductive organs there are changes of the immune status of cows’ organism natural resistance of udder decrease in the number flora mammary gland and genital apparatus, strengthen and completion of destruction of the parenchyma of the udder. The aim of our work was to clarify the influence of «STP» immunomodulating preparation on the cow organism and the composition of the microflora of the mammary gland and genital organs during the dry-off period. Materials and methods research. The work was carried out on the basis of the«Agrocomplex»farm in Dubovy village in Ternopil district of Ternopil regionWe formed experimental and control groups of animals of Ukrainian black-spotted dairy breed in dry period of 10 heads in each, of 3-4 lactation, 4000-5000 kg of milk productivity, 3.6-4.0 % fat content of milk. «STP» preparation was injected subcutaneously to the experimental group of animals in 60 days before calving according to the scheme: 4 times, one injection per week, in the following doses: 1st time - 5.0 ml; 2nd time - 10.0 ml; 3rd - 10.0 ml; 4th time - 10.0 ml. Preparation was not used in cows of the control group. Udder secret was sampled aseptically on 15-20 day of dry period and swabs from the genital organs of cows moistened with saline.Sera samples were tested for the content of total protein with biuret test, protein fractions, bactericidal activity, the activity of beta-lysine and content of immunoglobulins with cyanmethemoglobin test. The results of their research. In cows of the experimental group application of the «STP» preparation it was registered increased level of Ig A in 1.8 times which indicates on the activation of protective forces of extravascularly secrets (the mucous membrane of the mammary gland and vagina), and increase of Ig G in 1.5 times indicates their accumulation in the body of the cow (in mammary gland) in the last month of pregnancy, which contributes to an effective immune protection of the calf after birth and feeding of colostrum. It was also observed increase in bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood sera in 1.1 times indicating the activation of the body defenses and increase of general body resistance. It was observed decrease of number of Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacter, E. coli and increase the number of Staphylococcus spp, Micrococcus spp. in the secret of the mammary gland. Increase of the number of Lactobacillus spp. (1.8 times) and decrease of Enterobacter,coli (1.2 time), Staphylococcus spp, Micrococcus spp. (1.4 times), and Corynebacterium spp. (2.1 times) in swabs of cows vagina as well.Conclusions and perspectives for further research:It was registered significant increase in the level of Ig A and decrease in the level of Ig G in cows in dry period after «STP» immunomodulating preparation applying which indicates immunomodulatory effects of the experimental preparation. Microbiological investigation of udder secretion and vaginal swabs of cows shown growth of normal and reduction of opportunistic microflora that contributes to the prevention of inflammatory diseases of the genital organs and rapid recovery of reproductive function of cows after calving. Prospects for future research is to develop schemes of application of immunomodulatory preparations for the prevention of obstetric and gynecological pathology in cows and increase of their reproductive ability.