Adaptation Theory as the Basis of Strategic Planning for the Development of Extra-Urban Areas
The global urbanization trend, supported by the implementation of state policy by Russian authorities, together with technological transformations in production and management, has radically changed the system of relations in non-urban areas. In our understanding, incl. in view of the legislative confusion in the definition of “rural territories”, “rural areas”, non-urban territories are territories not assigned to the lands of urban districts. Moreover, the lands of urban settlements are included in this category on the basis of the specifics of the system of economic and other relations that have developed in them. The non-urban territories of Russia are characterized by the phenomena of single-industry economics, a radical transformation of the “rural world” concept, depopulation of territories, the formation of non-agricultural industrial zones, the development of a shift method of economic development of large-scale territories of the country, etc. The problem the study is aimed at solving is the low level of implementation (viability) of strategic planning documents for the development of both rural and non-urban territories. The purpose of the study is to determine the provisions and methodological principles of strategic planning for the development of non-urban territories based on the theory of adaptation. The objectives of the study were identified: analysis of the theoretical foundations of adapting the economy, based on a biogeographical approach; a review of theories of ensuring economic growth that correspond to the modern nature of economic relations in extra-urban areas and presented by domestic scientific schools; characterization of model scenarios of strategic planning for the development of non-urban territories of Russia; formation of proposals for improving the quality of strategic planning for the development of non-urban territories of Russia. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by a generalization of the theoretical principles of adaptation, from the perspective of a biogeographical approach, and economic growth, as well as a proposal to improve strategic planning for the development of non-urban areas based on modern digital, green, inclusive agriculture, etc. strategies, as well as mass indicators, intensity of shifts and their indices.