The problem of preserving the national culture in modern China: historical background
The author analyzes in detail the process of formation and development of the problem of preserving the Chinese national culture. The author claims that during the reign of Empress Cixi, the Chinese government not only protected traditional culture, but also “preserved” it, trying to preserve the feudal customs. The problem of preserving the national culture in its modern sense appeared in China after the overthrow of the Cixi government. In this historical process, the author identifies six stages: the founding of the Republic of China, the anti-Japanese war, the emergence of New China (PRC), the cultural revolution, the beginning of a reform and opening-up policy, a modern stage coinciding with a period of medium-term reforms and openness. The author analyzes in detail the cultural policy of China, which relates to the last two stages of the development of the problem of preserving the Chinese national culture. The research is carried out within the framework of the cultural-historical approach, the main research method is the historical-genetic approach. The author concludes that after the beginning of the policy of reform and opening up in China, an active process of restoration and protection of the national culture began.