Study of Genetic Collections of the All-Russian Research Institute of Potato Farming by Means of Molecular Markers
By means of molecular markers, 520 samples from genetic collections and promising hybrids of the All-Russian Research Institute of Potato Farming (ARRIPF) were screened for the presence of genes of resistance to Synchytrium endobioticum (Schilbersky) Percival, potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis Woll and Globodera pallida (Stone) Behrens) and the PVY and PVX viruses of potato. It was selected the sample S. chacoense Bitter 58d as the source of the gene Gro1-4, which encodes resistance to Golden potato cyst nematode. A limited range of genetic sources was involved in the creation of genetic collections of the ARRIPF. The most genotypes (68%) of potato was developed on the basis of two forms of S. chacoense (f. garciae 55d and f. commersonii 58d) and contain 38-530 marker of the gene Ry(chc) of resistance to PVY! We evaluated the diagnostic potential of the SCAR marker Nl25 of the gene Sen1 of resistance to potato wart, SCAR markers TG 689, 57 R, N146 and N195 of the gene H1 and STS marker Gro1-4-1 of the gene Gro1-4 of resistance to Golden potato cyst nematode. It was revealed the cases of “false negative” (when there is resistance and no marker) and “false positive” (there is a marker, but no resistance) results of the studies. The most effective markers for breeding on the resistance to Globodera rostochiensis are 57R and N146, which have a high level of correlation between the presence of marker components and phenotypic resistance. Based on the results of marker-assisted selection, 24 samples from genetic collections of potato were identified with a set of genes for resistance, that are of interest for breeding as parental forms and donors of group resistance to pathogens.