Modern principles of resuscitation and intensive care of the neonate with extremely low and very low body weight
The objective. Study of postnatal adaptation of infants with extremely low body weight (ELBW) and very low body weight (VLBW) at birth and assessment of the efficacy of introducing modern principles of resuscitation and intensive care of this category of the neonate. Patients and methods. A retrospective analysis of labor histories and medical histories of 97 premature neonate with the body weight <1500 g was performed. All the newborn infants were divided into two groups: group 1 - 19 infants with ELBW; group 2 - 78 infants with VLBW. Depending on the date of hospitalization, infants of each basic group were subdivided into two subgroups - А (year 2007) and В (year 2009): 1A (n = 8) and 1В (n = 11); 2А (n = 30) and 2В (n = 48). Results. Introduction of modern principles of resuscitation and intensive care of the premature neonate permitted to significantly reduce the duration of ALV in patients with ELBW from 97 ± 2.9 to 71.3 ± 2.7 hrs (p < 0.05), to obtain a considerable decrease of the number of intraventricular hemorrhages in infants with VLBW from 56.7 to 25.0% (p < 0.05) and to reduce the length of stay in NRICU from 18.5 ± 2.0 to 7.6 ± 1.1 days (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The use of a complex of modern methods of medical care for the premature neonate contributed to a decrease of the duration оf ALV, frequency of IVH, and also to a shorter average stay in NRICU.