The Use of Ultrasound within Coagulation Process
Under the impact of ultrasound physical-chemical effects take place in the water environment. They are alternation of compressions and exhaustion of the environment, disbalance (sound wind); they lead to intensive mixing, appearance of air bubbles in water, acceleration of oxidative-reduction reactions, change in the sedimentation process, sorption etc. All this contributes to the change in coagulation speed of already coagulated suspended substances. Theoretical research in the influence of ultrasound vibrations on the coagulation processes of suspended substances in water treatment by physical methods broadens the field of their use. The aim of this work is the theoretical substantiation of the ultrasound influence on the sedimentation of suspended substances related to the dose of coagulant. This is so due to a specific influence of ultrasound on liquid environment. Enhancement of calculation techniques broadens the use of ultrasound. The calculation of ultrasound influence which makes it possible to reveal the regular connection of the coagulant dose and the duration of the impact of ultrasound on the water environment in the course of sedimentation of suspended substances. The formula of dependence of reduction of suspended substances concentration on the dose of coagulant and duration of ultrasonic treatment has been theoretically obtained. The calculation condition is the impact of ultrasound on the water with clay particles before the coagulant introduction. The mechanism of coagulation process due to the partial transfer of energy of ultrasonic field to suspended clay substances has been developed. A suggested method of calculation makes it possible to predict the reduction in the dose of coagulant at sedimentation of suspended substances in the water environment.