Climatic Variations of Temperature Regimeof the Ladoga Lake for the Open Water Period
Ranges of possible variations of heat content and water temperature for extremely cold year and for extremely warm year on Lake Ladoga are estimated on the basis of long-term observations since 1898 up to the present. Variations both in warm and cold year occur mainly in the near-surface layer of 0-20 m. Differences of average ten-day temperatures can make up several degrees during stratification period ( July- September). In the abnormally warm year the vertical stability of water layers of the lake will increase. The biggest thermal changes both in abnormally warm and abnormally cold year will take place in coastal shallow area of Lake Ladoga.