Analysis of methods of parts treatment by means of a free abrasive
During the economic recovery of the country, special attention should be paid to the technical re-equipment of all the branches of national economy. In particular, it is recommended to pay special attention to the development and introduction of equipment for fundamentally new technological processes. The main task in the field of mechanical engineering is increasing the productivity, economy, reliability and durability of the parts produced, labor input and labor costs reducing, integrated automation and mechanization of labor-consuming manual processes. At present, the level of technical perfection of metalworking and stamping production has reached a new qualitative level. There exist highly productive automatic lathes and stamps with automatic feeding of metal tape as well as semi-automatic machines with numerical control. Therefore, the labor consumption in manufacturing small parts has sharply decreased. However, further progress in the metalworking and stamping industry is significantly hampered by the lack of highly productive cleaning methods, especially for complex shape parts and small masses up to 40 g. So, for example, after cutting off the rings on the lathe turret, the labor of removing the burrs located on the edge of the cutoff is 300-350%, and removing the burrs after stamping is 400-450% of the labor consumption in manufacturing these parts. The complexity of cleaning these parts results from their intricate shape and small size that prevent them from being properly processed in vibration-abrasive machines or tumbling drums, while ultrasonic methods can’t be used either because of their relatively large mass. From the analysis of various scientific sources, it can be seen that turbulent-abrasive treatment is mainly used for rigid parts of simple design, vibration-abrasive processing with large oscillation amplitudes is more expedient for parts of complex configuration with grooves and holes, including the parts of low rigidity. The creation of vibro-abrasive machines with large oscillation amplitudes (10-20 mm), even with small volumes of the working chamber (up to 1 liter) is associated with a great structural difficulty, as well as with the solution of questions regarding vibration and noise insulation. Thus, the cleaning of the parts of small stiffness with a mass of 25-40 grams up to this time remains nonmechanized and manual