Mesenchymal stem cellsand peptides: role and importance inmolecularmechanisms oftargeted therapy
Review is devoted to systems for drug delivery of biologically active substances in the tissues and organs of the target cells, which is relevant to medicine. There are described properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which many authors propose to use as transport delivery systems of bioactive substances in the organs and tissues. This review describes the unique properties of MSCs, which is based on their use in regenerative medicine, methods of selection, methods of the use as transport systems and anti-tumor therapy. After transplantation, the transplanted cells marker was shown to be determined in all the studied organs, however, the number of cells in tumor tissue was significantly higher than in other examined organs. Thus, in a syngeneic model there was noteda significantly higher rate of migration of MSC into the tumor tissue, which may indicate to the tropism of MSCs to bone marrow cells of B16 melanoma. This property of MSC represents the possibility of their use as a unique tool for the selective delivery of anticancer products of genes into tumor cells in vivo. There are described studies of the system for targeted delivery of drugs, not only in certain tissues, but also directly to specific target cells on the base of peptide nanoparticles: PEP, MPG and CADY. The use of nanoparticles with a metal core and a polymeric shell, which contains the medicinal compound as containers makes it possible to control drug release. One of the purposes of the review is to draw attention of researchers to the study of properties of the conjugates of the octahedral cluster complexes of molybdenum and/ or rhenium with various biomolecules. The study of the properties of a new class of agents for x-ray and/or fluorescence diagnosis may result in the creation of new photosensitizers for photodynamic tumor therapy.