Loads impact of the moving ice cover on hydraulic structures
Hydraulic engineering structures operated in the zone of negative temperature influence are subject to the influence of moving ice. Therefore, for the maximum effective perception of loads from the moving ice cover by hydraulic structure and minimization of negative consequences, an important role is assigned to the selection of contact plane geometry. Loads on hydraulic objects from ice fields are presented in two variants: the influence of broken ice is usually presented in the form of interaction of the structure with the loose surface of Coulomb or as an influence of consolidated ice. As a rule, the design loads are considered to be the effects from the loose ice field, and the design norms of hydraulic structures are mainly directed to them. It is possible to significantly reduce the impact of loads from the moving ice cover on the hydraulic structure by giving the structure elements a certain inclination in the vertical plane as ice breaks to a greater extent not from compression but from bending. Loads on inclined structures are lower than on vertical ones. It is possible to significantly reduce the influence of loads from the moving ice cover on the hydraulic structure by giving the supports a certain inclination in the vertical plane as the ice breaks to a greater extent not from compression but from bending. This property of ice also explains the fact that loads on inclined structures are lower than on vertical structures. The conclusions present a multi-factor of ice cover impact on contact areas of supports and slopes of hydraulic structures.