OPTIMIZATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF OBTAINING PRE-BASIC SEED MATERIAL OF POTATO VARIETY SALSA
The results of the research indicate that the highest yield of tubers per plant (10.8 pcs.) of the potato variety Salsa can be achieved by planting test-tube plants in seedling pots. Preliminary rooting of plant growth in seedling cassettes reduces the yield of tubers by 3.9 pcs. from one plant. When using ridge technology, plants form the same number of minitubers, regardless of the method of planting - 7.2-7.3 pcs. for 1 plant. The use of rooted seedlings as planting material leads to a decrease in the survival rate of microplants in protected ground conditions to 92.9 - 96.1%. It was found that when using the ridge planting method, it is possible to increase the productivity of one microplant. At the same time, it is more expedient to plant test-tube plants without their preliminary growing - the mass of tubers from a bush in this case, in comparison with the option where the standard technology for the production of minitubers is used, increases by 69.2% and reaches 376.3 g, and the average weight of one tuber is 52.3 g, while when using standard technology, the average weight of a tuber over the years of research varied within 18.0 - 22.1 g. and 32.5% exceeded the value of this indicator when using the standard technology for obtaining potato minitubers. The largest tubers in transverse diameter are formed when test-tube plants are planted using ridge technology: in 76.4% of minitubers, the largest transverse diameter exceeded 30 mm. When planting plants in the beds, the proportion of large tubers obtained increases.