Mechanism and model of credit portfolio diversification
Under conditions of demand for credit resources growing in Russian economy the importance of credit risks assessment and their influence on the credit organizations efficiency is increased. Empirical studies show that credit risks in the banking today are increasing nonlinearly relative to the main characteristics of the credit - the level of credit risk, credit terms, interest rate. Therefore, the formation of the most acceptable from the point of view of risk reducing of the bank’s credit portfolio is a scientifically based and practically important problem. The aim of the work is to justify the need for and develop a new mechanism for managing the bank's credit portfolio, ensuring its diversification and reduction of credit risks. The materials of the study were the statistical data of the Bank of Russia and Rosstat. Methods used in the work are: system analysis, control theory, statistical data processing and operational research. A mechanism for managing the quality of a bank credit portfolio is proposed, featuring a combination of quantitative and qualitative criteria for assessing the quality of the credit portfolio and allow to monitor of the credit portfolio, to make decisions on approving or rejecting a credit application in accordance with the permissible values of risk factors. A model has been developed for optimizing the structure of the credit portfolio, which makes it possible to form an optimal ratio of long-term and short-term credits, ensuring the maximum yield of the credit portfolio taking into account credit risk in the context of various credit policy types. A practical importance of the investigation are the positive results of the implementation of the proposed mechanism and model of credit portfolio management into the credit organization, ensuring the growth of its profitability and promoting an increase in competitiveness.