Prospects for the use of geothermal waters in the Cis-Caucasian submontane zone (Khankala field)
The article deals with the problems of geothermal water use. It gives a synopsis of the development of this type of renewable energy in the Russian Federation and shows the regional distribution of geothermal water fields in Russia emphasizing the prospects of the Far East and North Caucasus. It also includes a historical review for the use of geothermal waters in the Paris Artesian Basin similar in their temperature and depth of occurrence to those in the Cis-Caucasus and indicates methods for preventing corrosion of pipes and environmental pollution. A comparison is given between geothermal water fields in the Terek-Sunzha region and the Paris Basin with consideration for temperature, depth of occurrence and some other characteristics. Comparative advantages and disadvantages of the fields in the Chechen Republic are examined. Taken the temperature anomaly of «hot»Yangantau Mount as an example, the article discusses possible theories of heat generation necessary for the formation of geothermal waters. The potential exploitation of the Khankala water field is estimated, and further plans are described concerning the construction of a pilot geothermal power station and water use from the 13th productive formation as a source of thermal energy for the greenhouse complex. Consideration is given to the reinjection technology already applied and related problems, such as poor intake capacity. Possible future development of geothermal energy in Russia is assessed upon successful completion of the project in the Chechen Republic.