CASCADE OF METABOLIC DISORDERS IN RESPIRATORY ORGAN DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
Aim. The goal was to analyze the publications and to prepare a review of the works devoted to the modern understanding of metabolic shifts in the child organism in respiratory organ disorders. Material and methods. The publications of native and foreign authors have been studied. Results and discussions. The features of the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in connection with bronchial and pulmonary pathology in children have been studied. Important pathogenetic aspects of initiation and development of inflammatory pulmonary lesions, that substantiate the need in differentiated approach in metabolic corrector administration, are disclosed. The role of lipid metabolism disturbance in stimulation of phagocytosis, the activation of «respiratory explosion» and lipid peroxidation is reflected. The role of carbohydrate metabolism was stressed. It is being characterized with such changes as predominance of glycolysis, lactate and pyruvate accumulation, which leads to metabolic acidosis. The main role of bioelements in the cascade of pathogenetic mechanisms in pulmonary disorders can be explained by them being not just components of local lung protection but also being involved in the control of the cellular functional activity in inflammatory process and immune response development. From the clinical perspective, this fact can be considered as an indicator of the subclinical stage of disorder development and as a predictor of disease at early stages. Conclusion. Thus, it is necessary to search for new approaches to study pathogenesis of pneumonia, to manage homeostatic disorders both on cellular and subcellular levels, as well as to develop the methods for preclinical diagnosis that allow correcting minimal metabolic disturbances and preventing their development.