The prevalence of minor heart anomalies and characteristics of intracardiac hemodynamics in patients with connective tissue dysplasia according to tissue Doppler imaging
Introduction and aim. Minor heart anomalies (MHA) are the visceral form of connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) that lead to a deterioration in both systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle (LV). Information about functional state of the myocardium of the right ventricle (RV) of patients with MHA is not available widely. The aim of the study is to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of different types of MHA and features of intracardiac hemodynamic using Tissue Doppler (TD) examination of patients with CTD. Materials and methods. Total were surveyed 1240 people, of which were selected 67 patients with SHD and control group of 27 healthy persons (average age 30.1±4.0 years). Evaluation of systolic and diastolic function of LV and RV was carried out based on results of pulse-wave tissue Doppler of lateral and medial parts of the mitral fibrous annulus (MFAlat, MFFm) and tricuspid fibrous annulus (TEA), including the calculation of the index Tei. Results and discussion. The incidence of SHD was 23 %. Patients of first and second groups both have significantly higher Tei index MFAlat, MFFm and TFA, and at the same time the maximum values of Tei index were observed of patients with multiple MHA (0.50±0.09; 0.56±0.08; 0.49±0.10 standard units respectively). Conclusions. Evaluation of central hemodynamics using TD is very useful to identify disorders of myocardial performance of both the left and right ventricle. Increased Tei index is an early marker of diastolic dysfunction of both ventricles.