Influence of different types of fertilizers on productivity and quality of the sunflower vareity Spartak in the conditions of the Tambov region
The purpose of the research was to assess efficiency of different types of mineral fertilizers basing on optimization of nitrogen nutrition of agricultural crops in the conditions of the Tambov region. The main task was to study influence of various doses, ways and terms of macro- and microfertilizers application on productivity and quality indicators of crops in long stationary field experiment. In 2014-2016 effect of the liquid mineral fertilizer Megamix for before-sowing seeds treatment and foliar application of sunflower variety Spartak was studied under application N<sub>30</sub>P<sub>30</sub>K<sub>30</sub> and N<sub>60</sub>P<sub>60</sub>K<sub>60</sub>. Work was conducted on the typical black soils in six-field crop rotation. The scheme of experiment has included variants with seeds treatment by the liquid mineral fertilizer Megamix and foliar application of sunflower plants in various phases of vegetation, both separately and in a complex with mineral fertilizers. The highest sunflower yield (2.94-3.14 t per ha) was obtained in 2015. On average for three years of the research it was changed from 2.50 t per ha in a variant with N<sub>30</sub>P<sub>30</sub>K<sub>30</sub> application to 2.86 t per ha in a variant with N<sub>30</sub>P<sub>30</sub>K<sub>30 </sub>+ seeds treatment by Megamix. On average in three years of the research the highest oil content in seeds was obtained in the variant with N<sub>30</sub>P<sub>30</sub>K<sub>30</sub> application - 52.6%. However, this meaning was not authentical compared to a control. Oil content in seeds in the other variants was similar to the control. A role of traditional mineral fertilizers and the liquid mineral fertilizer Megamix at cultivation of the sunflower variety Spartak was analyzed.