THE GENRES OF ORAL LITERATURE
System of genres in author’s oral poetry have been formed in the course of several centuries and improved depending on social and historical conditions, changes of taste and spiritual needs of the audience. Turkic oral literature contains dozens of genre forms, each with its own purpose: proclamation, glorifying, dedication, testament, invocation, satire, and others. The most widespread genres in the works of Bashkir poets (sesens) are epos, kubair (intonated poetic narration), aytish (song poetry performed at the contest of improvising poets), song, and bait (epic and lyrical genre of Bashkir folklore). In the later epics image of the author appeared in the face of concrete yirau or sesen, his monologue became a digression and author´s word, which provides a rigorous evaluation of current events and actions of the protagonists. Aytish is a counterpoint of the two authors, it is the top of improvisatory art. Kubair is lyrical poetic improvisation and philosophical didactic content; it was created also by professional sesens in front of a large audience at public holidays and events. Song and bait have appeared in oral poetry only in the second half of the eighteenth century and as a genre have been borrowed from folklore. Changing the major genres of Oral poetry was caused drastic changes in the socio-historical conditions, authorities banned organize mass meetings in Bashkortostan. Losing most of their audience of listeners sesens resorted to the song and bait, because they were less rapid, but suitable for the dissemination of mouth genre. Genres of author’s oral poetry differ from the similar folk genres by their conscious creative identity, closeness of the depicted objects to the reality, efficiency, and prevalence of philosophy and didactics in them.