FORMATION OF ELEMENTS OF PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN YIELD OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT VARIETIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC
The article discusses the results of experimental data characterizing the growth, development and productivity of spring durum wheat varieties Bezenchukskaya Niva and Bezenchukskaya Zolotistaya. It was found that with a decrease in the seeding rate of germinating seeds from 7 to 3 million pieces. per 1 ha, the duration of the growing season of the studied varieties of spring durum wheat is reduced by 6-7 days. Sowing at a rate of 5 million. viable seeds per 1 hectare provided the maximum density of spike-bearing stems due to the best indicators of general and productive tillering. The formation of the largest main spike with a high grain content in the Bezenchukskaya Niva variety was recorded at the seeding rate of germinating seeds from 3 to 5 million pcs. per 1 hectare. Increase in the seeding rate of more than 5 million seeds. led to a decrease in the indicators of the main parameters of the main spike. Analysis of the structure of the yield of the variety Bezenchukskaya Zolotistaya did not reveal clear patterns in the change in the parameters of the length and grain size of the main spike depending on the seeding rate. However, according to the weight of 1000 grains, the highest indicator of 50.4 grams was obtained in the variant with a seeding rate of 6 million pieces. The maximum yield increase of the Bezenchukskaya Niva variety of 1.2 t / ha, compared with the control, was obtained in the variant with a seeding rate of 5 million pcs. viable seeds per hectare. The maximum yield of the Bezenchukskaya Zolotistaya variety of 3.23 t / ha was formed at a seeding rate of 6 million pcs. viable seeds per hectare.