E. ILYENKOV AND THE PROBLEM OF CULTURAL OBJECTIVITY THINKING
Works by the Soviet philosopher E. Ilyenkov are known all over the world. He made a great contribution to the theory of dialectics and developed the ideas of dialectical tradition in the Soviet thought. The author of the article considers issues of the thought objectivity in the aspect of the category of culture. He examines the prerequisites of scientific dialectical understanding of the cultural subject of thinking. The article considers the reasons of unity of the objective and the subjective in cultural activities of a social individual. The main idea of the author is that he understands thinking as a specific process. Simultaneously the author proves 1) every thought is specific; 2) popular thinking understands thespecific as abstract because the subject of this popular thinking is alienated from the historical culture. The subject can´t see himself as an organic element of culture. So his idea of culture is primitive. His understanding of the world is beyond culture. Therefore, in society of alienated subjects, culture as a historical harmony of the world is presented as chaos of fragments (things, ideas, languages etc.) torn (alienated) from each other.