Manifestations of the "one year old child´s crisis" and parent-child emotional interaction
This article is devoted to analysis of the correlations between manifestations of the «one year old child?s crisis», general mental development of children and characteristics of the parent-child emotional interaction. The study involved 63 people (21 triad «mother-father-child») from Saint-Petersburg, the age of children - from 10 months to 1 year 11 months, Mage = 1 year 5 months. The study with using psychodiagnostic methods revealed that main constructive formation of crisis after 10 months is the appearance of autonomous child speech, negativistic manifestations were amplified after a year and a half. In general, the crisis is more pronounced in children after a year and a half. Autonomous child speech is positively correlated with the general level of mental development. Mother?s sensitivity to child, her ability to influence to the child's state combined with some "conditional love" from the fathers are important for the development of autonomous child speech and the emergence of motivating presentations. Less parent?s sensitiviness to the child and clear system of prohibition combined with motor skills, increasing interest to the surrounding objects and the appearance of a specific relationship of the child to walking. Negativistic symptoms of the crisis are less pronounced in the case of mother?s ability to influence to the child's state.