The genetic biochemical markers of arterial hypertension in adolescents
The article deals with studying of enzyme activity of first and second lines of anti-oxidant defense in adolescents with arterial hypertension and establishing role of genetic component in realization of mechanism of development of this pathology. The main group included 20 adolescents aged from 13 to 16 years with diagnosis of arterial hypertension stage I (risk). The control group consisted of 20 healthy adolescents of corresponding age. The study was carried out to detect activity of superoxide dismutase [EC 1.15.1.1], catalase [EC 1.11.1.6], glutathione peroxidase [EC 1.11.1.9], glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [EC 1.1.1.49]. The concentration of reduced glutathione was established using photoelectrocolorimeter KFK-2MP (Russia). The activity of glutathione reductase [EC 1.8.1.7] was evaluated using spectrophotometer CF-46 (LOMO, Russia). The content of nitrogen oxide was detected using V.A. Metelskaia and N.G. Gumanova technique (2005). The detection of genetically mediated risk of development of arterial hypertension and identification of gene-gene dependencies (ACE, AGT, NOS3) was implemented using technique of PCR-RFLP diagnostic (“DNA-technology”, Russia). The genetic analysis identified in main group the following gene-candidates: deletion genotype DD for ACE, polymorphism M235T T->C gene AGT, version 786 C/C gene NOS3. All of then can be applied in diagnostic of arterial hypertension. In adolescents with arterial hypertension imbalance of molecular mechanisms of anti-oxidant defense was revealed. This condition is manifested by imbalance in functioning of enzymes of first line of anti-oxidant defense and accumulation of H2O2, increasing of activity of glutathione peroxidase and depressing of activity of the rest of glutathione depending enzymes. Against this background, decreasing of content of nitrogen oxide results in development of endothelial dysfunction.