Genetic plant protection: problems and prospects
Plants diseases are the major limiting factor of receiving high and qualitative yield in agriculture. The share of the grain crops and potato cultivars included in the State registry of plant breeding achievements in 2014 with resistance against the most harmful diseases, including resistance to complex pathogens is increased. Researches of both the evolutionary potential of causal agents of diseases, and a genetic diversity of resistance are necessary for justification of strategy of genetic protection of agricultural plants. Development of new technologies of mapping and a sequencing of resistance genes promoted detection of a genetic diversity of diseases resistance of the main crops and development the molecular markers (MM) of qualitative and quantitative loci controlled resistance. The greatest progress was reached in development of MM for the genes controlling resistance of cereals to obligate parasites, and also to the most harmful diseases caused by hemibiotrophic pathogens. In All Russian Institute of Plant Protection such researches were initiated concerning barley resistance to leaf blights.