MULTILEVEL HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: STATE AND PROBLEMS
The article deals with the modernization of Russian universities in the context of the introduction of multi-level education. The regulatory framework of legislative decisions on the adoption of a multi-level structure of higher education is studied. The paper shows that in the Russian Federation, in connection with the adoption of the Bologna process, the transition to a modular system for the study of disciplines is carried out through the acquisition of certain competencies by the student. The article considers the idea of integrating Russian higher education into the world space with the signing of the Declaration on the Creation of a pan-European space, which provides for the introduction of bachelor's, master's, and doctoral studies (PhD). The article demonstrates the difference in the approaches of Russian education and Western standards. That is, for Russian universities, the knowledge aspect is characteristic, while for foreign universities, the emphasis is on the competence approach. The authors consider the problem points in the implementation of the idea of multi-level education, ranging from the organization of comprehensive training aimed at mastering the necessary skills, the correlation of the training of university graduates with the requirements of the market, the formation of a full-fledged system of continuing education to the creation of a single educational space with a system of transfer of disciplines by different universities, the conservatism of the education system loosely tied to innovative teaching methods, the lack of funding for universities, this entails insufficient provision of the necessary infrastructure.