The influence of the soil content system on the biometric indicators and the yield of cherries of the varieties Vladimirskaya, Turgenevskaya, Oryol kompotnaya
The fruits of bone crops are the most important source of vitamins and biologically active substances. Not only does this explain their growing popularity, but also their inherent diversity and extremely valuable medical and preventive properties for health. In order to increase the area under bone crops, new intensive cultivation technologies are being introduced into production [2, 3]. Among the techniques of agricultural machinery aimed at increasing yields, it is of great importance to find out the rational system of soil maintenance in the garden. Developing new methods, optimizing the existing methods of maintaining and cultivating soil in gardens, introducing the most effective of them into production is one of the decisive issues in increasing the productivity of bone crops. These activities should aim at creating optimal conditions for the supply of water and nutrients to plants throughout the vegetative period. Only under these conditions do plants in the garden form a normal annual increase in branches, timely enter into fruiting and give a high yield [1, 4]. One solution to this problem is the parosideral system. Many researchers distinguish a substantial increase in the crop from the use of sideral crops. Depending on climatic zones, soil conditions and the age of the garden, continuous or alternating sowing of sideral crops is used [7]. Studies of the possibility of sowing perennial grasses between rows of the bone garden are the most controversial and not fully studied. To control weeds in bone orchards, in combination with mechanical treatment, the use of herbicides and various mulchmaterials in trunk strips is effective. Herbicides are used once a season for seedlings against annual and perennial cereal weeds. The effectiveness of herbicides depends on the age of the plantations, the mechanical composition of the soil, the content of humus, the duration of irrigation, and the degree of salinity. Studying the various soil content systems in the cherry orchard makes it possible to evaluate and choose the best of them to maintain and increase soil fertility.