Speech disorders in local brain lesions
Speech disorders due to focal brain damage are common in clinical practice. They are classified into cases of speech aspontaneity, dysarthria and aphasia. Wernicke - Lichtheim classification of aphasia is of a historical nature. A.R. Luria classification of aphasias distinguishes efferent motor, afferent motor, acoustic-gnostic, semantic, dynamic, acoustical-mnestic aphasias on the basis of an analysis of the leading mechanisms of disturbance of speech activity. The clinical characteristics are associated with the type and specialization of the affected cortex areas of the left brain hemisphere.