WESTERN TRADITION OF LAW: POLITICAL-AND-LEGAL VALUES AND IDEALS
The article analyzes the western tradition of law, its political-and-legal values and ideals. The author is based on his own conclusion that the final formation of this tradition, i.e. acquisition of the form which this phenomenon is associated with today, should be related to appearance and formalization of political liberalism doctrine. Having made a remark on disastrous character for Russia of the western pragmatic and hedonistic features in public culture, consciousness and morals which are being borrowed today the researcher studies the values which are currently inseparably associated with the political-and-legal tradition of the Western countries. The following phenomena belong to them: people's sovereignty; mechanism of checks and balances with its principle of separation of powers; constitutionalism; parliamentarism; individual's sovereignty. The scholar is based on the work of the famous European classics J. Locke, Hegel, J.J. Rousseau, J. Montesquieu, Russian researchers: A. Yaschenko, N.M. Korkunov, A.A. Reisner, "fathers" of American Constitution J. Madison, Th. Jefferson, A. Hamilton, B. Franklin, ancient thinkers (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Polybius, Cicero, Solon, Democritus, sophists). He shows progressive character of liberal values, discusses the peculiarities of their implementation in modern Russia, emphasizes the need for their propaganda through patriotism and social orientation, in indissoluble connection with the national culture and Russian mentality.