Derivatives from the abbreviations at the thematic mega-fieldof management (in modern German language)
The article analyzes borrowings, which are abbreviations and frequent components of German derivatives from the abbreviations, related primarily to the sphere of management. The article presents a first comprehensive study of the impact of borrowings on the morpheme composition, spelling and the importance of derivatives from the abbreviations in the sphere of economics and management. The article deals with the functions of graphic, structural and lexical borrowings in the composition of derivatives, as far as their influence on the relations of synonymy and homonymy, and also on the composition of the derivatives from the abbreviations. The author determines the relationship between the borrowing functions and their location in the composition of the composite (preposition, postposition). The article gives an estimation of the influence of borrowings of this type in German: there are noted the positive (enriching the lexical composition, filling lacunas, facilitating communication, etc.) and negative (difficulty understanding) impact on the vocabulary of the recipient language. The author distinguishes the following main functions of borrowings in the composition of derivatives from the abbreviations in the German language: filling lacunae in the language of the recipient; enrichment of the German language with new vocabulary, as well as elements of graphics; determine the number of components in the abbreviation-composite. Certain borrowing functions are related to their location in the composition of the composite. Thus, borrowings in the postposition will perform the function of the onomasiological basis and determine the genus of the composite as a whole, while borrowing in the preposition will perform the functions of the onomasiological sign and certain semantic-syntactic functions, being most often a definition with respect to the second frequency component of the composite, as well as the functions of the mini context, helping to remove the homonymy.