CHANGES IN MOISTURE RESERVES IN LEACHED CHERNOZEM IN THE NON-VEGETATIVE PERIOD, DEPENDING ON THE PRECURSOR AND THE MAIN TREATMENT
Studies to study the change in productive moisture reserves in leached low-humus medium loamy chernozem during the non-vegetative period of spring wheat, depending on the predecessors and methods of basic tillage, were carried out in 2011-2021 in the forest-steppe of southern Western Siberia on the southeastern slope of 1-2 o in the crop rotation of pairs - wheat - oats - wheat - peas - wheat and permanent wheat crops on backgrounds with zero, shallow (14...16 cm) and deep (25...27 cm) plane-cutting treatments. Moisture reserves in the meter layer of soil in autumn were determined by precursors (65.7%) and their interaction with treatments (30.9%). They decreased from steam (109.2 mm) to peas (88.1 mm), oats (82.4 mm) and permanent wheat (72.6 mm), and from deep (91.4 mm) to shallow (88.7 mm) and zero (84.0 mm) treatments. In early spring, moisture reserves were determined by treatments (81%), decreasing from deep (169.4 mm) to shallow (145.8 mm) and zero (118.4 mm), and from steam (156.6 mm) to peas (144.4 mm), oats (140.0 mm) and permanent wheat (136.9 mm). The accumulation of winter precipitation by the soil was determined by processing (81.0%), decreasing from deep (77.9 mm) to shallow (57.0 mm) and zero (34.4 mm), and increasing from steam (47.5 mm) to peas (56.3 mm), oats (57.7 mm) and permanent wheat (64.3 mm). By germination, moisture reserves in the soil decreased, depended on processing (87.6%), decreased from deep (120.1 mm) to shallow (108.5 mm) and zero (100.5 mm). Moisture losses in spring on an untreated background were minimal (81.2...87.5 mm), and on backgrounds with shallow and deep treatments were higher (92.8...117.8 and 101.0...135.2 mm), increasing from permanent wheat to oats, peas and steam.