METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH IN THE SPHERES OF CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING MANAGEMENT IN RUSSIA
The subject of the study is the necessity of a new methodological approach for the construction and housing management. The currently existing methodological approach proposed by L.A. Velichov in 1928 to the sphere of municipal economy, as a socially oriented, does not fully reflect the essence and significance of construction and housing for the Russian economy at the present stage. The study of historical experience, the mentality of the population, its solvency and other factors revealed the necessity of a new methodological approach based on an understanding of the system-forming role and importance of such areas as construction and housing services. According to historical experience, construction along with housing and communal services had always been under attention of the state. The first mention of them exists since the time of Peter I, when these spheres had been monitored by the police. Great attention was paid to them after the revolution in 1917 in Russia and during the Soviet period. Especially in the 1950s and 1960s, when powerful housing construction began, the inhabitants of the country began to receive separate apartments in apartment houses. It was the time, when inhabitants of the country began to receive separate apartments, getting out of communal and barracks. And naturally they wanted to have their flats in the property, because they felt themselves more protected and happy. This mentality manifested during market reforms, when privatization of housing have been allowed. Today, Russia has the highest level of owned housing in the Europe. About 86 % compared to 40-70 % in the EU countries and USA. Such a high level of privatized apartments is especially surprising when the average wage in the country is 35 rubles per month, and the median salary is 20 rubles per month. And most of the country’s population is not able to buy new apartments or improve their housing conditions. Sometimes it is difficult for them to pay for communal services, which grow from year to year. All this indicates a low solvency of the poor population of the country. The cold Russian climate aggravates all these tendencies, as it takes 7-8 months to pay for heating. At the same time communal payments are higher in the winter period than in the summer from two to three thousand rubles per month. As a result, the authors of the article propose a new methodological approach based on factors affecting the construction and housing services spheres. This approach suggests consider these spheres as system-forming, affecting the economic security and the policy of the whole country. In addition, these spheres can serve as drivers for the growth of the Russian economy along with such industries as mining and energy in the future. The research is based on methods of systemic, structural-functional, historical and comparative analysis, socio-economic planning and forecasting, as well as approaches implemented in the practice of making managerial decisions.