EFFECT OF BASIC CULTIVATION ON WATER REGIME OF DARK GRAY FOREST SOIL IN NORTHERN TRANS-URAL REGION
The effect of long-term use of various basic cultivation systems on water regime of dark gray forest soils in Northern Trans-Ural Region was analyzed. It has been found that the long-term use of annual, mostly shallow, cultivations in a system of primary plowing of heavy-loam dark gray forest soils leads to deteriorated soil permeability, reduced absorption of fall/winter precipitation and to decreased deposits of productive moisture in the 1 m layer of soil during the sowing/germination period by 8.4–10.5 mm, during the tillering period by 6.5–7.7 mm. It has been proved that deep cultivations should periodically be included in a basic cultivation system. It is expedient to use such tillage tools as SibIME plow with uprights for nonmoldboard cultivation, KPE-3.8 trash plow for blade cultivation and BDT-2.5 for disk plowing, when the deposits of productive moisture in the 1 m layer are 50–120 mm (33–80% of the least water capacity).