THE EFFECT OF MICROBIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER METHYLOTROPHYN ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT
At present the agricultural ecologization and biologization are of great relevance due to the deteriorating climatic conditions. The application of microbiological fertilizers can be considered as their important element. The influence of microbiological fertilizers on the winter wheat yield was studied in the Tula Agricultural Research Institute in 2015-2017. The experiment was carried out on a deeply-leached middle-loamy сhernozem typical for the northern forest-steppe zone. The winter wheat yield of the variety Moscovskaya 40 was 3.53 t/ha in the control variant in 2016 and 5.7 t/ha in 2017; the variety Moscovskaya 56 - 3.72 t/ha and 5.93 t/ha, respectively. Due to the application of fertilizers (microbiological Methylotrophin and N<sub>60</sub>R<sub>60</sub>K<sub>60</sub>), the yield increased in a greater degree when the fertilizers were applied together - in the variety Moscovskaya 40 to 4.28 t/ha in 2016 and to 6.33 t/ha in 2017; in the variety Moscovskaya 56 to 4.6 t/ha and 7.11 t/ha, respectively. According to the results of the study, the application of mineral fertilizers (N<sub>60</sub>R<sub>60</sub>K<sub>60</sub>) together with the treatment of seeds and vegetating plants with the microbiological preparation Methylotrophin have a beneficial effect on the winter wheat yield under sufficient soil moisture. In 2016, the gluten content in the fourth variant of the variety Moskovskaya 40 was at the control level - 30%; the other variants showed a slight increase - from 1% (in the fifth variant) to 2.8% (in the third variant). All the variants showed the third group of grain quality (III), and the control variant showed the second one (II). In the fourth variant of the variety Moskovskaya 56 the gluten content was at the control level - 25%; in the other variants it increased from 1% to 3%. The grain in the third and sixth variants corresponded to the second group of quality (II), and in the other variants - to the third group of quality (III). Approximately the same regularity could be seen in 2017.