WASTEWATER TREATMENT OF PLANT IS JSC "MOTOR SICH" WITH MICROORGANISMS IMMOBILIZED ON ARTIFICIAL FIBER
According to recent estimates, the most common pollutants today are organic compounds and heavy metal ions. As is known, exceeding of the heavy metals (HM) concentrations in nature has an adverse effect on the ecological state of the environment, which may lead to the malfunction of physiological and biochemical processes taking place in living organisms. Main sources of HM, polluting environment, are metallurgy and galvanic shops of the industrial enterprises. Metals persist in the environment and can become concentrated up the food chain. Metals may be bioconcentrated, bioaccumulated and biomagnified within food chains, causing higher trophic organisms to become contaminated with higher concentrations of chemical and metal contaminants than their prey. The risk for toxicity depends on the frequency, intensity and duration of contact with the metal contaminant along with exposure route. Toxicity risk also depends on the inherent toxic potential of the metal itself. So, the "water problem" in such industrial cities of Ukraine like Zaporizhzhia is very actually today. Therefore, there is an urgent problem of finding efficient and low cost and effective methods of sewage water (SW) treatment. Biological (or biochemical) method is used for treatment of industrial and domestic SW, polluted with organic and inorganic components. This process is based on the ability of microorganisms to use pollutants in their vital functions. This method is low cost and effective if needs of microorganisms are optimized and their cultivation is correct. Recent studies show the effectiveness of the new artificial synthetic nylon fibers «vija». So, the object of the research is SW treatment facilities № 54 of JSC «Motor Sich» and the subject is the influence of nozzle «vija» with immobilized microorganisms on the quality of SW treatment. The aim is the investigation of the possibility of using artificial nozzle «vija» with immobilized microorganisms on the «Motor Sich» SW treatment. The microbiological and chemical methods are used in the research. The efficiency of new synthetic fiber «vija» with immobilized microorganisms on it for SW treatment of JSC «Motor Sich» from oil and nickel ions is confirmed. During our research the effectiveness of sorption of nickel ions increased from 15,44 ± 1,96 % to 68,75 ± 0,42 %, and the effectiveness of oil destruction increased from 16,96 ± 1,56 % to 56,58 ± 1,67 %. We have determined that the biological community of «vija» nozzle included bacteria-destructors ( Arthrobacter, Achromobacter and Pseudomon as genus) and the number of invertebrates that forms a developed trophic chain in the water. During the study period in the active sludge is found following groups of organisms: ciliates, rotifers, copepods crustaceans, oligochaetes, nematodes, amoebas and tardigrada. In the investigated biocenosis ciliates are dominating. The most common were ciliates Peritricha subclass: Vorticella convallaria, V. microstoma, Epistylis bimarginata, E. epibioticum, Zoothamnium arbuscula. In April active development of algal Ulothrix is noted. Also, the nickel ions and oil products sorption ability of pigment-synthesizing yeast-bioindicators is investigating. The object of research is Rh. glutinis Y-1333, which is able to synthesize a wide variety