Express-evaluation of oleic and linoleic fatty acids content in oil in milled sunflower kernels by means of IR-spectrometry
The purpose of the work is to create a method for determination of the basic fatty acids in oil in milled sunflower kernels by means of the IR-spectrometry. We conducted our researches in the laboratory of biochemistry with sunflower seeds produced in 20152018 on the fields of the All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops by Pustovoit V.S. (Krasnodar) and its branches (Krasnodar region). We determined a set of fatty acids in milled kernels due to the State Standards R 51483-99 and R 51486-99 using a gas chromatograph “Chromatec-Kristall 5000” equipped by automatic dispenser on a capillary column SolGelWax 30 m х 0.25 mm х 0.5 mcm in a gaseous fluid current - helium bearer with a speed 25 cm per sec, with a programmed temperature within 185-235 °С. Prepared kernel samples were milled and we registered the obtained spectra in a spec trum 3500-12500 cm<sup>-1</sup> with resolution 16 cm<sup>-1</sup>, according to the manual for the IR-spectrometer MA-TRIX-I, produced Bruker Optics (Germany). The spectra of the each sample we registered in three replications, pouring in a cuvette with a diameter 51 mm. we selected 236 sunflower kernel samples with a variation range of oleic acid content from 11.4 to 92.0% and linoleic one - from 0.8 to 78.5%. We developed a calibrating model for determination of oleic acid content in oil with a determination coefficient 99.82 at 11 ranks and standard error of prediction 1.23%. The determination coefficient of linoleic acid was 99.89 at 10 ranks, and standard error - less than 0.9%. Thus, we created a method “Sunflower milled” for wide-scale analysis basing on the developed calibrating models on determination of oleic and linoleic fatty acids in oil of milled sunflower kernels in an average sample (8-22 g) in a cuvette with diameter 51 mm in a program OPUS LAB. This allows conducting operatively a preliminary estimation of breeding germplasm with a high speed - more than 100 samples per a working shift.