Acceleration of growth and development of plants when using organic irrigation solutions in hydroponic forage production
Irrigation solutions for vegetable forage in greenhouses contain different synthetic stimulators for stimulating growth and development of plants that can lead to accumulated chemical compounds in the hydroponic green forage (HGF). The use of liquid humic preparations obtained from vermicompost with simultaneous combining of ultrasound and an ozono-air mixture on the suspension «water-vermikompost” is found to cause obtaining solutions with highly favourable agrotechnical characteristics. The experiment resulted in establishing the rational parameters of the ultrasonic impact on the “water-vermikompost” suspension at the ratio of the vermikompost and water as 1:100. Thus, the ultrasonic power output is 1,1…1,3 W/cm2, the frequency is 20…22 kHz, the amplitude of fluctuations is 0,9…1,1·10-6 m, the ozone concentration is 13,32 g/m3, the speed of the ozono-air stream movement is 3,2 m/s. The solution saturation with organic compounds is found to reach its maximum when the treated layer height is not more than 6 cm. The obtained solution is evaluated with the transmission coefficient and its changes. The diagrams are built in the coordinates “transmission - exposure duration”. The agronomic characteristics of the vermisolution are determined by its effect on the germination and growth of wheat seeds. Water being used for controlling, the ultrasonication in the ozone-air mixture on the solution “water-vermicompost” is revealed to increase the transfer efficiency of the organic vermicompost substance into a solution available to plants. The ultrasonication simultaneous combined with ozone treatment is found to create favourable conditions for obtaining an organic solution (vermisolution) with higher agronomic characteristics. The use of this solution helps to accelerate the growth of the wheat “Chelyaba-2” by 6…8% and increase the biomass amount by 4…5%