Types and manifestations of financial risks in power supply companies
In modern conditions, the financial and economic activity of companies in the energy sales industry, as one of the leading spheres of the national economy, is subject to a large number of risks, including financial ones, which can largely restrain the development of the industry. The organization of the system for countering financial risks is based on determining their essence, identifying risk factors, assessing the possibilities of occurrence of general and industry risks of power supply companies, and selecting countermeasures. The article analyzes the accumulated scientific basis of the category of financial risk and the classification of its types. Based on this analysis, the category of financial risk in the power supply industry was clarified as a multifactorial negative phenomenon that arises under the influence of external and internal factors associated with both financial and technological problems characteristic of the industry. The author's typology of financial risks is proposed with the allocation of three groups (general, leading and specific) and types of risks. It has been substantiated that the manifestation of financial risks of various groups in the energy retail industry can determine their interrelationships, which must be taken into account by companies when developing a risk management program aimed at developing effective operational and strategic solutions to counter risks.