Mechanisms of Cerebral Angiogenesis in Normal Conditions and Cerebral Pathology
The review contains data on the features of brain microcirculation system. The development and maturation of brain microvasculature includes a complex interaction between endothelial cells, which is regulated by all other types of brain cells (pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, neurons). We discuss mechanisms of pericyte participation in the assembly of neurovascular unit, the functional significance of vascular basement membrane in angiogenesis, the role of astrocytes in barriergenesis and vascular remodeling, and microglia participation during the formation of new vascular connections. The review is focused on the mechanisms of cerebral angiogenesis regulation in normal conditions and clarifies the features of angiogenesis in cerebrovascular diseases.