RELATIVE ASSESSMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF PERENNIAL GRASSES IN ARID STEPPE
Perennial grasses in the arid steppes of Volgograd region – the main raw material for the production of grass fodder. One of the conditions for increasing their productivity are the methods of tillage. The article presents the materials, allowing to give a critical assessment of the effect of tillage methods on growth, development and productivity of perennial grasses: lucerne «Artemis» sainfoin «Sandy 1251», Rump «Morshansky 760». The productivity of sainfoin «Sandy 1251» for the second year of the exit feed units was 3,06–3,29 t/ha, protein 0,47–0,5 t/ha. In the third year of the crops yield in alfalfa feed units «Artemis» by rose to 3,87 t/ha and protein to 0.61 t/ha compared to the second year. In crops sainfoin «sand 1251» productivity compared with the second year was reduced to 2,32 t/ha to 0,36 and protein tons/ha. In crops rump «Morshansky 760 ‘productivity increased and reached 3.62 t/ha fodder units and 0,40 t/ha protein. In the fourth year of herbage productivity decreases, and alfalfa was «Artemis» 2,30–2,75 t/ha of fodder units, from rump «Morshansky 760» 3,00–3,24 t/ha, respectively protein 0,36–0,44 t/ha. The laws of development of perennial grasses on chernozems of the Volgograd region. Productive longevity characterized Rump «Morshansky 760» and alfalfa «Artemis». Based on years of experimental data obtained reasonable level of productivity of cultivated perennial grasses on chernozems arid steppe. In a complex and changing data climates perennial grasses tolerate winter and ensure high yields in any extreme years. It was revealed that among the main methods of processing the advantage should be given to moldboard plowing and subsurface loosening. Surface treatment is permissible in the absence of perennial weeds in the fields.