CURRENT TRENDS IN MORTALITY IN INDUSTRIAL CITIES OF THE ARCTIC MACROREGION: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES
The authors have evaluated dynamics in indicators of standardized mortality and life expectancy in the industrial cities of the Arctic macroregion. Those cities are characterized by a higher mortality rate including mortality from external causes compared to the Russian indicators. The highest mortality from lung cancer is registered in the city of Norilsk. Purpose. To identify trends in life expectancy and main causes of death in a number of cities with the developed industry of the Arctic macroregion, namely: Arkhangelsk, Severodvinsk, Syktyvkar, Norilsk and Novy Urengoy, in comparison with the urban population of Russia as a whole. Material and methods. Analysis of mortality in the selected cities was carried out on the basis of the Rosstat data with a breakdown on sex, age and causes of death for 2008-2019. To level random annual fluctuations, mortality rates were calculated for four three-year periods. The decomposition method was used to analyze contribution of groups of causes of death to changes in life expectancy. Results. Dynamics in life expectancy in the Arctic cities generally follow he national trends with certain differences. Cities in the Arctic macroregion are characterized by a greater contribution of the reduced mortality from external causes to the rise in life expectancy. Moreover, in Norilsk, the contribution of diseases of the circulatory system in both men and women was negative, and it was the decrease in mortality from external causes that contributed to the increase in life expectancy. However, mortality from external causes of death in the Arctic cities remains higher compared to the all-Russia indicator. This city is characterized by higher mortality from neoplasms, (mortality from lung cancer is 1.2-2.5 times higher). Despite the increase in life expectancy in the Arctic cities over the past decade, trends in mortality from some causes of death in some cities remain negative. Conclusion. Trends in mortality in the Arctic cities largely repeat the national ones but are characterized by a number of features that should be taken into account while developing regional measures for effective mortality reduction. A special attention should be focused on such reserve of mortality reduction as diseases of the respiratory and digestive system, neoplasms, infections as well as external causes of death.