DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL-MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF SENSITIVE ELEMENTS OF CONVERTERS OF PHYSICAL QUANTITIES OF CONTROL SYSTEMS
A characteristic feature of the development of control systems (CS) is an ever wider application in all areas of science, technology and technology of physical quantity converters (PFV). PFV are used in various industries, including those with extreme operating conditions: shock and inertial loads, radiation, vibrations, temperature, and so on. At the same time, in addition to high metrological characteristics, PFV should have a high degree of reliability, durability, stability, small overall mass indicators and power consumption, multifunctionality, which is especially important in the rocket-space and aviation industries. The main components of the PFV: sensitive elements (SE) and measuring modules (MI) are in the most extreme operating conditions, as they are affected by the whole complex of destabilizing factors. Therefore, it is their characteristics that determine the metrological reliability of the PFV to the greatest extent. Studies of the nature and manifestations of the temporal drift of the characteristics of the PFV showed that the degradation processes developing in the structures of SE and MI during operation are the main reasons that disrupt the normal functioning of the PFV and reduce metrological reliability. Therefore, for PFV designed for extreme operating conditions, it is necessary to develop and select mathematical model, conversion methods, as well as special design and methodological solutions aimed at ensuring the temporal and parametric stability of the PFV.