DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL CLUSTERS: RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
Now the question of development of tourism in Russia is very relevant. Rational development of tourism is capable to stimulate formation of really effective mechanisms for investment of means of the state, attraction of private investments, changes of foreign policy image of the state, activation of international backgrounds in the most various directions. Also, development of the tourist industry will promote revival of interest at citizens of Russia in the national customs and traditions, studying of cultural historical values of our country, awareness of its uniqueness and originality promotes fostering patriotism. In this article authors analyzed the main characteristics of clusters and gave their definitions consistently formulated by researchers. In economic literature clusters present as high-performance industrial and consumer associations which promote increase in competitiveness of innovations and also formation of the economy based on knowledge. Besides, authors presented foreign experience of a clustering in the sphere of tourism, analyzed the main features of formation of tourist clusters of a number of developed countries and also considered governing bodies of tourist clusters and analyzed results of work of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation on realization of actions of the FTP «Development of internal and entrance tourism in the Russian Federation (2011-2018)». Authors carried out the analysis of development of tourist and recreational clusters on the example of the concrete territorial subject of the Russian Federation - the Tambov region. The formation of all components entering a tourist product only coordinated (natural and historical and cultural subjects to display, the enterprises of food, transport service, spheres of entertainments and trade, means of placement, information and also staffing) is able to afford to provide stable development of the sphere of tourism, to improve its situation in regional economy and to provide high income in the budget. By creation of tourist and recreational clusters one of the main strategic objectives - increase in competitiveness of Russia in the international market of tourist services can be reached.