To the genetic study of the long-living phenomenon on the example Abkhasian population analysis; APOE polymorphism
Analysis of DNA samples from buccal epithelium of Abkhazian residents was submitted for APOE polymorphism. The material was collected in 2013 and it was grouped according to the genetic research into two samples: a) persons of oldest age group (from 75 to 101 year); b) a control group of an average age cohort persons (from 16 to 33 years). APOE polymorphism (OMIM +107241) associated with effect of life duration in other world populations were investigated. Among many diseases which are associated with certain APOE genotypes, carriers of APOE*4 allele are characterized by the increased risk of development of cardiovascular pathology. APOE*3 and APOE*4 allele frequencies demonstrated for Abkhazian long-livers were 0,9359 and 0,0128 respectively, while in control group these frequencies were 0,8315 and 0,0815 respectively. Distinctions between the compared cohorts concerning alleles APOE*3 and APOE*4 frequencies were significant (at x <sup>2</sup> > 10 and 8 respectively and P<0,05). Distinctions between the compared groups concerning genotype frequencies were also significant (x <sup>2</sup> = 10,072; d.f. = 5; P < 0,05). Frequencies of APOE*2 allele were statistically similar for both samples. So the ApOe 4-4 genotype and APOE*4 allele seem to be unfavorable for the oldest age group. On the contrary, APOE*3 allelomorph and genotypes connected with APOE*3 are favorable factors. Our results confirmed previous observation that frequency of the «wild» genetic factors increases to the maximum in the oldest age group.