FORMATION OF A CULTURE OF RESEARCH ACTIVITIES OF STUDENTS IN THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION
In the modern system of training higher professional education, the requirements for graduates are increasing. In order for a young specialist to be competitive, it is necessary, in addition to professional readiness, to master the basics of research activities. The scientific article is devoted to the problem of the formation of a culture of research activities in the system of higher professional education. The authors analyze current trends in the development of higher education. On the basis of a systematic approach, the necessity of forming a culture of research activities of students is substantiated. Particular attention is paid to the concretization and comparison of the concepts of "culture" and "competence". As a result of scientific research, the authors define the ratio of the concepts under study as subordination. The concept of "culture" is the most general in relation to the concept of "competence". In this vein, the definition of the concept of "culture of research activity" is formulated. Structural components of the culture of research activities are identified: the presence of values associated with research activities; mastering the conceptual apparatus of science; possession of the logic of scientific research; mastering the experience of presenting their own results of research activities; creative component; reflection of one's own activity. The paper presents the cultural levels of research activities, identified on the basis of the levels of organization of matter: micro level, meso level, macro level and mega level. The hierarchy of the designated levels corresponds to the training courses. The article also presents the stages of the formation of a culture of research activities of students. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the issue of professional ethics in the process of scientific research. The authors come to the conclusion that the formation of a research culture of students at a university is an organized, purposeful, structural activity, and in order to achieve high efficiency, teachers need to consciously manage this process.