Opportunistic Behavior in Modern Economy: Interdisciplinary Approach
Throughout the history of contractual relations, it is possible to observe the phenomenon of opportunistic behavior of a man as an economic subject. Within the generally accepted institutional approach to the phenomenon of opportunistic behavior, it is regarded as an exclusively negative phenomenon, contradicting to public institutional interests. However, deeper examination of behavioral assumptions of the human model at the present stage of economic development, based on psychology and social sciences achievements, expands the classic analysis of opportunism. Individual psychological and cognitive features make it possible to determine the limitations imposed on the most effective decision from the point of utility maximization. And the institutional economics methodology, by paying attention to the institutional environment features, reveals the diversity of external factors that become the trajectory of choosing the particular model of behavior. The article is devoted to the study of people's opportunism at the present stage of economic science through the interdisciplinary approach. Based on data from related subjects, it is possible to answer the questions: how does a person make a decision on choosing opportunism, instead of fair execution of contractual obligations and is this decision conscious and the most effective? The results of the study indicate that a comprehensive analysis of opportunism provides an understanding of this phenomenon both as a complex socio-economic category, and as an unconscious prerequisite for economic activity, that allows choosing the most effective measures for its beforehand prediction and regulation, based on the structure of existing institutions.