RESEARCH OF THE STRUCTURE OF ECONOMIC EFFECT OF CULTIVATED PLANT PRODUCTION
Introduction. The necessity of providing higher land productivity is emphasized which, as a rule, is connected with higher costs requiring economic justification. An increase in the yield of agricultural crops in modern conditions is a determining condition for ensuring profitable production for agricultural enterprises because such factors of efficiency growth as cost reduction and increase of output price cannot be changed by a specific enterprise individually. Analysis of modern research. A mathematical link between the cost of production and crop yield is provided, a mechanism of interrelation of the crop yield and costs of production of cereal crops, corn and sunflower for a specific agricultural enterprise is presented.An inverse relationship between the cost of production and crop yield is observed. Formulas for determining minimal crop yield and breakeven sales price of different types of crops are presented. The dynamics and related factors for sales revenue per hectare of land and centner of production are demonstrated as well as marginal revenue per hectare of land given an increase in the crop yield from a basic to new levels.The purpose of the research is the explanation of certain structural specifics of evaluation of economic effect of production and realization of plant-cultivated production for a direct use by the specialists of agricultural enterprises. Research results. The article suggests formulas for determining the following aspects: - marginal revenue per one metric centner of additional production at constant fixed and variable costs and previous sales price, for example, alongside increasing the quality of conducting technological operations; - economic effect of realization of cereal crops, potatoes, vegetables and other products of plant cultivation caused by an increase in crop yield; - effect attained due to crop yield growth, decrease in the cost of production and increase in the quality of production. It is important that the structure of economic effect from the level of crop yield is explained. Meanwhile the article provides the method of calculating the direct and indirect effects based on the corresponding formulas while offering a graphical depiction of their interrelation. Typically, alongside the growth of crop yield, the output revenue per unit of land tends to increase likewise. Moreover, an important interrelation is determined: an increase in revenue due to cost reduction, as a rule, exceeds the increase in revenue due to a higher crop yield. The mechanism of the change of the cost structure depending on the crop yield level of winter cereal crops, corn and sunflower in a particular enterprise is presented in detail on provided figures demonstrating that alongside an increase in the crop yield the share of revenue generated by an additional volume of sales tends to increase and the share of sales achieved through cost reduction - to decrease respectively. Conclusion. It is important to identify such a threshold of enterprises' land productivity which will ensure not only the stability of production of a given type of crops, but also the highest cost recovery. In the first approximation such a level of optimal crop yield should be represented by land productivity providing revenue per hectare of land equal to the amount of total costs. Such equality can be achieved by making the actual crop yield reach the level twice higher than its minimal size known as the breakeven point.