Assessment of clinico-economic efficacy of medical treatment of stable ischemic heart disease patients who underwent myocardial revascularization
Background: Impractical use of pharmaceuticals is a serious problem of the Russian healthcare system. Implementation of pharmacoeconomic analysis into the logistic technologies of medical organizations may promote the solution of this problem. Aim: To analyze real-practice data on medical therapy of patients with stable ischemic heart disease (IHD) during their hospital stay for transcutaneous coronary stent placement and coronary artery bypass grafting. Materials and methods: With the help of a structured form on medical treatment we extracted and analyzed data from 131 clinical records of patients with stable IHD who were hospitalized in 2014 to the Department of Internal Diseases and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery; 60 were patients after stent placement and 71, after coronary artery bypass grafting. We performed an ABC/VEN analysis of their treatment. Groups of pharmaceuticals for VEN analysis were formed according to the Recommendations of Russian National Atherosclerosis Society on Diagnosis and treatment of chronic IHD (Recommendations of Russian National Atherosclerosis Society, 2013) based on European Society of Cardiology guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease (ESC guidelines, 2013). We assessed if the treatment administered corresponded to the current Standard of care to patients with stable IHD - SMP No 2.01.216.0 (Russian Federal Standard, 2007). Results: A mismatch between medical treatment that was performed in the Departments of Internal Diseases and of Cardiovascular Surgery, and that recommended by the Russian Federal Standard (2007), was found. The regimens used include the majority of agents recommended by the Russian National Atherosclerosis Society (2013) and the ESC guidelines (2013). In the Department of Internal Diseases, the mean cost of medical treatment during the whole period of stay in the hospital was 79.6 rubles. The group A agents (those with cumulative cost percentage = 80%) were represented by 9 items from the total of 54. There was a low percentage of medicines that were not indicated for this disease (13 agents, or 9.5% of the total medical costs), and all of them were administered for the treatment of concomitant disorders. In general, medical treatment performed in the Department of Internal Diseases corresponded to the ESC guidelines (2013). The costs of medical treatment during the whole period of stay in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery was 10 741.9 rubles. The group A included 9 agents from the total of 78 used. Sixty eight per cent of costs were related to pharmaceuticals not having compelling indications (solutions, detoxification agents, agents for prevention of gastrointestinal adverse effects), whereas the costs of vitally important drugs were only 12.3% of the total and those of necessary drugs (including antibacterials), 19.7%. Conclusion: It is obviously necessary to update the current Russian Federal Standard (2007), with inclusion of data corresponding to the worldwide trends and guidelines of the Russian National Atherosclerosis Society (2013), at least for two patient groups: those after coronary stent placement and after coronary artery bypass grafting. The elaboration of criteria for administration of medical treatment and strict compliance with them in the real practice would allow for controlling of medical treatment costs, to prevent polypragma-sia and adverse drug reactions.