Quantitative and Qualitative Parameters of Renewal Under the Canopy of Forest Stand, Formed from Preliminary Generations
Official statistics shows that the most common and importantly the optimal method of the forests reforestation is the natural process and measures for its promotion. Among the latter is the most effective conservation of the young generation of the forest preliminary generations. The beginning of the application of this method with mechanized harvesting is the middle of the XX century, as a result of the plantations reach the age of maturity, which determines the relevance of the study. Research has been conducted in the southern taiga of Western Siberia within the borders of the Tomsk region. The obtained results indicate that the composition of growth similar to that of a stand. However, in high completeness plantations (0.8 and above) fir shows dominance in relation to other breeds, there is a pronounced dynamics in the context of forest types: in small grass and green moss, green moss and ferny forest types dominated fir undergrowth, and in marsh grass and multigrass - spruce undergrowth. Under the canopy are dominated small and medium undergrowth with height up to 1-1,5 m and the age of 10-15 years in all types of forests. The uniform occurrence is typical for small grass and green moss and only green moss forest types, and for ferny and marsh grass and multigrass - uneven. The viability of undergrowth is poor and its populations are weakened. Density variability is high and depends on the forest type, from 1-2 thousand units on hectare in the grass types to 3-8 thousand units on hectare in green moss. Comparative analysis revealed that in small grass and green moss and only green moss forest types density indicators of natural regeneration are quite satisfactory, that allows to recommend them in felling with undergrowth conservation, in marsh grass and multigrass forest types perhaps a combination reforestation, as for the ferny forest type, there is only needed the planting of forest cultures.