City and Liberty. Historical-Cultural Notes
In his article V.G. Shchukin examines the processes associated with the birth and development of civil society in urban communities in Western Europe during the Middle Ages. The article is based on the contrast diachronic comparison of two types of life and socio-cultural unit, coupled with the organization of space and time - rural and urban. The author concludes that the numerous limitations of natural freedom of behavior faced by the people, becoming a citizen, is compensated by the acquisition of the inside of individual liberty and freedom of social and economic offenses. On guard this freedom was a principle of the inviolability of private property and respect for the established order. At the same time in Russia, where there was no development of the urban class, and rural relationships extend to most of the urban population, civil society building more runs into insurmountable diffi culties.