Chronic non-viral liver pathology in military personnel exposed to military-professional factors
The prevalence and structure of chronic non-viral liver disease of military personnel whose service is associated with the influence of various military-professional factors are estimated. It is established that the frequency of chronic diffuse liver diseases of viral etiology in a group of servicemen radio-technical troops was 77,3%, from persons engaged in diving and altitude descents - 65,9%, pilots of the aerospace defence forces of Russia 62,8%, in persons without exposure to military occupational factors is 69,5%. The largest number of persons suffering from chronic non-viral liver disease in the group of military radio-technical troops, probably related to low levels of physical activity and higher values of body mass index and waist circumference, but also the influence of microwave radiation, can enhance the damaging effects of lipid peroxidation. The lowest prevalence of non-viral chronic diffuse liver diseases among pilots and aquanauts is probably related to the maximum health requirements imposed on military personnel of these categories. It was found that the level of alcohol consumption and the nature of nutrition in the study groups did not significantly differ. The highest values of body mass index and waist circumference in combination with the lowest level of physical activity were observed in the group of military personnel of the radio engineering troops, which is probably due to the nature of daily military service, which is mainly «sedentary». Among the metabolic changes of blood serum, increased total cholesterol levels in groups of divers, pilots and military Radio-technical troops compared with a control. In addition, the level of glucose in Aquanauts, as well as triglycerides in soldiers of the radio engineering troops was higher than in the control group. Ultrasound examination in all groups related to the impact of military occupational factors, recorded an increase in the thickness of the left lobe of the liver, and oblique vertical size and thickness of the right lobe in the group of soldiers of the radio-technical troops compared with a control. In addition, the values of the thickness of the intima-media complex as a marker of preclinical atherosclerosis associated with non-alcoholic and alcoholic-metabolic fatty liver diseases in this category of individuals significantly exceed them in the other groups. The maximum level of liver damage in the group of military personnel of radio engineering troops is confirmed by the highest values of the controlled parameter of attenuation of ultrasound, reflecting the degree of liver steatosis.