Production of vegetables in open and protected ground in the Russian Federation and in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Vegetables occupy the third position in the ranking of the most used products after bread and potatoes. They are an important source of useful trace elements to maintain life and health. For the period from 2000 to 2014 in the Russian Federation, the sown area of vegetables decreased by 8.1%, while the gross harvest increased by 37.3%, yield increased by 49.4 per cent. According to Bashkortostan statistics, gross harvest of field vegetables in the agricultural organizations of the Republic of Bashkortostan in dynamics from 2000 to 2014 increased by 73.8 per cent, and productivity increased to 76.2 per cent. The production intensity of field vegetables in the region declined by 9.2 times, the production intensity of greenhouse vegetables has decreased in 1,6 times. The yield of production of field vegetables for the analyzed period has increased almost in 2 times, and the yield of greenhouse vegetables decreased by 54.4%.In the production of field vegetables in the Republic of Bashkortostan the largest share belongs to expenditures on seeds, then the cost of fixed assets, costs of labor, oil products, mineral and organic fertilizers, chemical means of plant protection products and insurance costs In the production of greenhouse vegetables the bulk of the costs belongs for wages (over 30%), fixed assets maintenance (20%), electricity, mineral fertilizers, petroleum products, seeds and planting material, chemicals for plant protection and organic fertilizers. In the Republic of Bashkortostan there is considerable potential for development of vegetable market both in open and protected ground. To identify the main directions of economic development of this industry a special zoning analysis of the main economic indicators, studying the selling prices, costs, production intensity, level of technical capacity and other factors are required.