Features cephalometric indicators in boys and girls of various craniotypes with physiological occlusion
The study of the features of the general shape and size of the cerebral and facialskull is a necessary link in the system of complex morphometric evaluation of thestructures of the tooth-jaw system. The purpose of the study is to establish the featuresof cephalometric indices in young men and girls of different craniotypes with physiologicalbite. Cephalometric study consisted of determination of parameters of the cerebral andfacial sections of the head of 44 boys and 50 girls with physiological bite. The form ofthe head was determined by the formula ms_ms * 100 / g_op, where ms_ms is thelargest head width (occipital diameter); g_op - the largest length of the head (distancefrom glabella to opisthokranion). Up to a value of 75.9 men attributed to dolichocephals;76,0-80,9 - to mesocephals; 81,0-85,4 - to brachycephals. Statistical processing ofthe obtained results was carried out using the statistical software package "Statistica6.1" using nonparametric methods. The reliability of the difference between independentquantitative values was determined using the Man-Whitney U-criterion. Found thatdolichocephalic and hiperbrahitsefalichna shape of the head are the most rare: amongboys 6 dolichocephals found, 16 mesocephals, 19 brachycephals, 3hyperbrachycephals; and among girls - 1 dolichocephals, 16 mesocephals, 26brachycephals, 7 hyperbrachycephals. When comparing craniotypological differencesin cephalometric indices, it was found that the sagittal arc, the greatest length of thehead, the height of the red lumbar lobe in the mesocephals is significantly greater ortends to be larger than brachycephals. Conversely, the largest and smallest headwidth, face width, outer-orbital width, inter-orbital width, width of the mandible, thedistance from the auricular point to the angle of the mandible in the mesocephals issignificantly lower or tends to lower values compared to brachycephals. The value ofcephalometric parameters in young men is significantly higher than that of girls, whichis confirmed by the results of studies on the general tendency of preferences ofcephalometric linear dimensions in males. We did not detect significant sexualdifferences for only the average face width and forehead height. As a result of thestudies conducted, regardless of sex, there are significantly higher longitudinal andsmaller transverse dimensions of the facial and cerebellum of the skull in themesocephals than brachycephals.