STATE AND SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT of SHEEP BREEDING INDUSTRY in UKRAINE
The characteristic of the current state of the native and world sheep breeding is given in the article. The quantity of sheep in Ukraine for 25 years decreased to 743,9 thousand or in 10 times. Last year alone, it was lost 5.3% of the livestock. At the same time there have been significant structural changes: the livestock in agricultural enterprises is only 190,2 thousand heads (25,6%), the rest is in households of the population. Status of sheep breeding in our country is considered against the backdrop of the global financial crisis. After the global crisis of 2008-2009, which led to a slight decrease in the number of sheep, occurred its increase by 9% since 2012. In 2014, there were 1209900000 sheep in the world, against 1105,7 million in 2012. The leader among the countries is China with livestock of 202.2 million. Chinese livestock of sheep increased during two years by 10%. New Zealand continues to reduce its herds from 31,3 to 29,8 million so as and Australia with 74,7 to 72,6 million heads. Australia was the world leader in livestock of sheep 25 years ago, this country had 170 300 000 heads of sheep. Domestic producers have exported over the last 10 years 9230 live sheep for the amount of $1002800, including 907 heads in 2015. It was exported 23,1 tons of mutton and costs $4,64 per 1 kg, and generated $1071000. More than half the volume (12.4 t) have realized in 2015 - at $2,4 per 1 kg. During this period, Ukraine imported 8,6 thousand sheep, totaling $1945600, including 27 animals in 2015. It was bought 99,9 tons of mutton at the price of $13,7 per 1 kg in the amount of$ 1372800 It should be noted that the maximum price for such products accounted for 2012 - $19,2, in 2015 it was slightly less - $17,2. Thus, the trade balance is negative and amounts to $2208500 or 57421,000 UAH. It sets out priority directions of development of the industry. Promising is the production of lamb meat, mutton and dairy products while preserving the qualitative characteristics of wool, astrakhan fur and raw materials, as well as the creation in Ukraine sheep breeding of meat productivity.