EPIDEMIOLOGY OF PERIPHERAL RETINAL DYSTROPHIES IN MYOPIC PATIENTS - RESIDENTS OF THE SOUTHERN FEDERAL DISTRICT AND THE NORTH CAUCASIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
A retrospective analysis of 33590 (67180 eyes) case histories of adult patients with myopia residing in the Southern Federal District and the North Caucasian Federal District was carried out. The patients were divided into two study groups depending on the degree of myopia: group I consisted of 20986 patients with mild and moderate myopia, group II - 12604 patients with high myopia. When examining the state of the retina, peripheral dystrophy was detected in the studied groups, respectively, in 64.6% and 45.6% of cases. In group I, laser coagulation of the retina was performed in 6632 patients (31.6%), in group II - in 5747 patients (23.6%). Subsequently, no earlier than a week after laser coagulation 1389 patients (11.2%) underwent laser correction using FemtoLASIK and ReLEx SMILE methods. During the follow up period in patients of the studied groups, the need for repeated laser interventions arose to 235 patients (0.3%). Surgical treatment of retinal detachment after laser coagulation was performed in 0.7%. An analysis of the case histories showed that in patients of the studied groups with equal eye lengths, retinal PCRD or its more pronounced stage was 25.5% more likely to be observed in only one eye. The conducted retrospective analysis showed the prevalence of complicated forms of the retinal PCRD and confirmed the need to evaluate the state of the retinal periphery in patients, regardless of the myopia degree. Laser coagulation of the retina is a reliable, effective and safe method for the prevention of the retinal detachment.