Prerequisites for the development of educational ecosystems
In the modern methodology of education, the main approach is "human orientation", which gives rise to the vector of ecosystem education as a new norm of educational activity. Strategies for the creation and development of educational ecosystems and its pedagogical practices both in the digital space and outside it are just being formed and worked out. The role of transformational processes in the scientific and educational sphere, which predetermine the need for the formation of educational ecosystems in universities, is substantiated. In the article, the author reveals the prerequisites for the development of the educational ecosystem from the standpoint of the implementation of the cognitive paradigm of education. The author considers the problems of representing educational ecosystems in the absence of a focus on the humanitarization of learning, insufficiently developed management systems, a focus on humanocentrism instead of human- and nature-conformity. The analysis of the results of a pilot study of the factors of the organization of educational ecosystems is presented. The main guidelines for the formation of educational ecosystems are highlighted. The essence of the educational ecosystem is described through the prism of: relationships, pedagogical interactions, educational environment, orientation to the quality of education, educational strategies and technologies. Based on the identified prerequisites for the development of educational ecosystems, it is concluded that the university ecosystem is a flexible mechanism for the interaction of all actors of education, which allows timely and adequate response to external and internal changes. The article is intended for teachers, heads of educational organizations, researchers dealing with the issues of the educational ecosystem.