IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF VEGETABLE GROWING IN ULYANOVSK REGION
During the years of political and organizational and economic reforms in the Russian Federation in vegetable growing there are great changes: big specialized farms broke up, vegetable production shifted to small forms of economic management; the prevailing market mechanism is characterized by the discriminatory price conditions for the agricultural producers, the lack of effective inter-farm linkages along the production chain «production - processing - sale of vegetables»; preserved industrial vegetable growing is of low level of intensification of production and the processes of further destruction the existing industrial and economic potential of the industry. In this connection, growth of efficiency of the agricultural production of vegetables is one of the most urgent problems, the successful solution of which opens further opportunities for expanded reproduction of the industry. As directions of increase of efficiency of production of vegetables of open ground the following things are considered, firstly, the growth of yield of vegetable crops (through the use of highly productive varieties and hybrids, organic and mineral fertilizers, chemical and biological means of plant protection against pests and diseases; by reducing the cost of labour for growing vegetables and implementation of the industrial technologies of cultivation and harvesting of vegetables); secondly, the reduction of the cost of production of vegetables (by reducing the cost of seeds and planting material; by improving the ways of procurement and sale of vegetables with the use of effective channels of realization of vegetables and reduction of losses of vegetables in the process of production and realization); third, optimizing the organization of labour in the industry ( availability of processing units and vegetable stores, allowing to use rationally all grown production). To improve the economic efficiency of the vegetable production in the region it is proposed to develop agro-industrial integration, that is the creation of an association on the territory of the region, which includes agricultural vegetable organizations and vegetable processing plants. The most important direction of its activity is creation of consolidating links of the supply chain of food, the objectives of which are: the formation of the party supplies that meet the volume, quality and price requirements of the market; information support of agricultural producers («feedback») regarding the specifications of the manufactured products; standardization of the technology of production; the creation of a sustainable marketing channels for peasant (farmer) and personal part-time farms, where the manufacture of vegetables is concentrated nowadays; tracing the origins of goods, increase in the share of organized supply, improving the safety of products. No less important is the work on promotion of vegetable production in the retail network under a single trade brand, using the cumulative effect of the network organization.