CONSERVATION STRATEGY OF RARE SPECIES OF PLANTS
The article discusses the main strategies for the conservation of rare plant species: legislative protection, territorial protection on protected areas, introduction and creation of collections in the nurseries of botanical gardens; plant reintroduction; preservation of the gene pool in genetic banks. The criteria taken into account in determining the degree of taxon rarity and the need to protect it are considered. Particular attention is paid to the reintroduction of plants and the preservation of the gene pool in seed banks. The terminology and different approaches to the formation of artificial populations in natural biotopes are discussed. The results of long-term monitoring of artificial populations of rare species on the territory of Moscow and Moscow region are summarized. The prospects of cryopreservation of seeds for long-term preservation of the gene pool are shown. An integrated approach, including "in situ" and "ex situ" strategies, is most effective for biodiversity conservation.