Industrial Policy: New Realities, Formation and Implementation Issues
The article presents the conducted comparative analysis of changing target points for the industrial policy formation in the economies of developed countries and in Russia. The authors have justified that the goals of industrial policy should not be just attractive to the state and business, but also contribute to the formation of a favorable business environment, as well as to the growth of public welfare. It has been established that in conditions of “the trauma society”, only short-term priorities of the industrial policy can be implemented. New realities fundamentally influencing the industrial policy priorities have been revealed. The researchers have justified the expediency of integrating the industrial policy into the general vector of Russia’s strategic documents. The authors have proposed to elaborate the regional industrial policy within the framework of the Ural Federal District as one of the 12 macroregions in the country marked in the Strategy for spatial development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025. Analyzing “the Updated Strategy of the EU Industrial Policy” and numerous studies in the field of circular economy formation has allowed to justify the need for industrial policy measures to stimulate the transition to the circular economy with including the basic principles of such transition in the strategic documents regarding the development of Russia and its regions. The authors have stressed the inextricable link between the circular economy formation and digitalization. It has been shown that in the interpretation of foreign researchers in comparison to national authors the digital transformation, as well as the industrial policy, has positive qualitative changes of socially significant results as the ultimate goal. The priorities in the field of the national industry’s digitalization for their support by the industrial policy instruments have been structured. The researchers have emphasized the acceleration of implementing technological solutions happening in the process of digitalization, which are based on the information systems having artificial intelligence. The authors have revealed the priority areas aimed at supporting the development of artificial intelligence by the industrial policy. It has been established that the latest technologies have an impact on changing the industrial policy priorities, and transform thestate’s economic role and modern business models. The interaction between the new subjects and objects of the industrial policy is the basis for the formation of the qualitatively new network industrial policy.