Potato protection during storage
The research aimed to determine the biological efficiency of new chemical and biological preparations against rot damage, reducing weight loss and inhibiting germination during long-term storage of potato tubers. The work was carried out in Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod and Saratov regions. Autumn treatment of Nadezhda potato tubers with the studied preparations made it possible to reduce the total losses during long-term storage by 3.1-6.3% (depending on the preparation), mainly due to a decrease in natural weight loss and waste losses. The biological efficiency of Maxim and Kagatnik chemical preparations was 33.1% and 29.8%, respectively, for Vist fungicide-fumigant it was 32.1%. Kartofin biological preparation and silicon-containing microfertilizer Siliplant had the efficiency of 20.5-25.2%. The combined use of half doses of Maxim and Siliplant was efficient by 41.7%, of Vist and Siliplant - by 31.4%. The use of Volsept Sid fungicide reduced potato damage by dry rot (Phoma rot) during storage, compared with the control, by more than 2 times (3.8% versus 1.7% and 1.9%), which was at the level of the reference variant (Maxim preparation). The total loss during the storage period in the Volsept Sid treatment variants was 10.7-11.1%, which was less than in the control (14.9%) by 3.8-4.2%, compared to the reference - by 0.3-0.7%. The use of Harvest-Max and Spad-Nik granules effectively restrained the germination of tubers - the number of germinated tubers at the end of April was at the level of 0-1.3%. The keeping quality of food potato was higher than in the control by 5.6% and 14.4%, respectively. The use of Harvest-Max influenced the prevalence and development of the main potato diseases during storage, the damage by dry rot decreased by more than 3 times (5.1% versus 1.6%).