DYNAMICS OF PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE BY MAIZE GROWN IN THE FOREST STEPPE ZONE OF THE TRANS-URALS
Maize is widely distributed almost throughout the country, due to the possibility of different uses (grain, cornage, silage) depending on the thermal resources of the region. Corn does not absorb nutrients well, especially phosphorus. Cold soils make it even more difficult to absorb this element in the initial periods of plant development. Therefore, further research in the field of maize nutrition is necessary to understand and adjust the fertilizer system. Studies to establish the dynamics of phosphorus consumption by maize were conducted in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals from 2016 to 2018. The scheme of the experiment provided for options with different doses of mineral fertilizers for the planned grain yields from 4.0 t/ha to 6.0 t/ha as a control, the option without fertilizers was taken. In the experiment, the hybrid Ob 140 was sown with a seeding rate of 70 thousand/ha. The aim of the research is to study the dynamics of phosphorus consumption by maize in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals. It was found that the concentration of phosphorus in corn depends on the intensity of biomass growth, where its content for harvesting decreased from 2.56-3.11 to 0.38-0.52%. By the phase of 5-6 leaves, plants consume no more than 6% of all the necessary phosphorus. The maximum absorption of phosphorus occurs by the phase 8-9 of the corn leaf and ranges from 28-53 kg/ha, which reaches 66-83% of the total absorbed amount. by flowering, the proportion of absorbed phosphorus reaches 81-95% of the total absorbed amount. From flowering to harvesting, corn absorbs from 5 to 19% of phosphorus.