BIOLOGY ARTEMIA SALINA LAKE NORTH KAZAKHSTAN AREAS (Lake Mengiser and Lake Stanovoye)
The article presents the results of a study of the ecosystems of the Mengiser and Stanovoye lakes in the North Kazakhstan region with the aim of using invertebrate hydrobionts as bio-feeds for the successful development of fishing. The most significant at present are specimens of the gill-footed crustacean Artemia salina, a valuable feature of which is a high content of protein, fatty acids and vitamins, which makes them a highly nutritious and biologically complete food. The studies were conducted in the summer-autumn period of 2018-2019. The monitoring of the structure of the populations of the crustacean Artemia and the possibilities of its reproduction was carried out. Depending on the morphological features of the water bodies, sampling sites were selected individually and directly at the study site to determine their condition, possible resources and production volume. During the work period, 15 water samples and 90 sand samples were taken, 931 individuals were individually examined. It was noted that the prevailing method of breeding was the hatching of winter eggs, and only a third of the females laid their summer eggs. The average fecundity was 18 cysts per female. As a result of the study, it was found that on Lakes Mengiser and Stanovoye, North Kazakhstan Region, at least 13 tons of eggs of Artemia salina can be harvested in dry form annually. It should be borne in mind that the procurement of eggs by Artemia salina on an industrial scale in the reservoirs of the North Kazakhstan region should be confirmed by the forecasting work of hydrobiologists who will determine the size of the crustacean population in the reservoir in meteorological conditions of a particular year.