Models for predicting the breeding value of animals in genomic evaluation
The basic principle of evaluating breeding values using linear models in accordance with generally accepted international standards used in genomic assessment is presented. The algorithm and mathematical apparatus for it is based on the BLUP method in order to calculate the values of the breeding (genetic) value, taking into account the transmission of genetic traits by inheritance. The principles and formation of a mathematical and software environment for genomic assessment for the use of genotypic data according to SNPs (genetic chips) and marker selection, as well as data of animal genetic identification are considered. GEBV is a prediction of the breeding value of young animals for which there is no available data on their own productivity or the productivity of their progeny. The evaluation of the breeding value of their parents and progenitors by other related descendants and peers allows for the use of genotyping data for neutral markers and productivity markers (SNP) to make a prediction of the breeding value immediately after the birth of animals. GEBV makes it possible to improve the evaluation of the breeding value of young animals by SNP, with decrease the analysis time, increase the reliability of the GEBV analysis with existing software, reduce cost of maintenance, increase the accuracy of determining relationships, heritabilities of traits, accelerate the selection of animals, bring the generation interval. The use of the GEBV method of simple and genomic assessment requires the training of new qualified personnel in universities and scientific institutions due to their acute shortage in practical animal husbandry and selection.