Allergic Reactions and Anaphylaxis during Anaesthesia
Allergic reactions during anesthesia are recorded in the world with a frequency of 1: 3000 to 1: 20 000. The fatal consequences of the most severe reactions - anaphylaxis - are recorded in 3-10% of cases. Аccording to the World Allergy Organization, up to 22% of the world’s population has immune impairments or allergies, and it is important to assess the risk of allergic complications during anesthesia, take measures to prevent them and adequately assist in their development. The article provides basic information about the drugs that most often cause allergic complications on the operating table and the types of allergic complications, approaches to the diagnosis of allergic reactions and their differential diagnosis. The measures of prevention of complications are given. For these purposes, first of all, one should carefully collect the allergological history, assess the time of occurrence of complications and their nature, the presence of allergic diseases in the family and in the patient. The rules for performing skin tests with drugs and the possibility of laboratory examination of patients with immediate and delayed variants of drug allergic complications are given.