OPTIMIZATION OF TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC PARAMETERS OF GRAIN CROPS HARVESTING BASING ON SIMULATION MODELING
The rational organization of production processes is the basis of effective operation of an agricultural enterprise. Simulation modeling is a convenient tool for modeling production processes with the aim of selecting the optimal process parameters, as it allows simulating the time and space dynamics of the system objects. This problem was posed and solved for «Kalininsky» farm enterprise located in the Dubrovka district of the Bryansk region. For this purpose the authors used the simulation package AnyLogic that supports process-centric (discrete event), system dynamic and agent-based approaches to simulation modeling. AnyLogic allows integrating these approaches in order to get a more complete picture of integrated interaction processes of different kinds. This integration was implemented in the development of a simulation model of a grain crops harvesting process. The model reflected the logic and dynamics (temporal and spatial) of the interaction of combine harvesters and vehicles during harvesting. The model provided for obtaining the real picture and the characteristics of the production process, and experimenting with the model made it possible to justify the most optimal technical and economic parameters of the process. The model testing results have shown that the process of crop harvesting is inefficiently organized. Experiments with the developed model using 3, 4 and 5 combines have shown that cereal yields reach the maximum by reducing losses in case of limiting the harvest period by 10 days, which is possible in case of using 5 combines. However, given the amount of investment, the largest annual economic effect - 1,2 million rubles - can be achieved with the purchase and use in grain crop harvesting in the fields of the given size and configuration of 4 combine harvesters.