Russian Physiologists on Adrenergic Mechanisms of Nervous Trophism in Application to the Processes of Aging and Longevity
Objective of the study: The analysis is based on the data collected by leading Russian physiologists in the field of nervous trophism, adrenergic mechanisms of its disorders (neurogenic dystrophy) in the process of aging and recovery with the help of adrenopositive agents. Results: The sympathetic-adrenal system (SAS) and its basis - the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) support the trophism of tissues and organs by activating energy and plastic processes in them with the help of their neurochemical mediator - norepinephrine (NA). Aging of the organism is accompanied by aging of the SNS, a decrease in the synthesis of NA in the sympathetic endings and a weakening of its trophic function. Some physical methods (cold acclimation, dosed starvation diet and exercise regimen) and pharmacological agents that support the trophic function of the SNS and adrenergic mediation - the interaction of NA with adrenoreceptors of tissues facilitate longevity. Conclusion: Effects that increase the lifespan of experimental animals and humans - dosed cooling (cold acclimation) and starvation, regular physical exercises (training), etc. - are associated with the activation of adrenergic mechanisms of the trophic and adaptive-trophic functions of the SNS.