Budget provision of Russian regions: inequality and polarization
In the regional development of the Russian regions in the post-Soviet period, two processes began to interact: the factor of inherited development and the formation of a market economic system. The rst formed the “starting” conditions and opportunities. The second made the most important market factors as the presence of competitive advantages, the demand for the market, the quality of human capital, and other determinants of socio-economic development. This inevitably affected the level of budgetary security.It is necessary to understand that uneven development leads to the formation of territorial inequality. Due to a limited set of competitive advantages, it contributes to the formation of a signicant differentiation, which assumes and the extreme form - polarization., Because of its complex nature, it is applicable to almost any kind of human activity, including budgetary security.To determine it, the article used statistical data for the Russian regions for 2000-2016: the balance of revenues and expenditures of regional budgets based on the population. The results obtained for each of the years of the study period were averaged to obtain the result.The calculation of budgetary security demonstrated a signicant differentiation of the regions by this indicator. For the absolute majority of them, negative values (decit) were characteristic, and only for a small number of regions - positive (surplus).For the purpose of more detailed analysis, the regions were classied according to the level of budget provision. The eight classes obtained were analyzed and the main factors of the budgetary provision surplus - oil and gas rent and the process of metropolization - were identied.