The Pedestrian Bridges in Moscow. Innovation Experience
The article presents materials on the creation of two covered pedestrian bridges across the Moscow river and the development of their coastal areas; provides information on their innovative movement to the new alignment. Both bridges were built in 1905-1907 as part of the Moscow Ring Railway; pedestrian bridges were created on their basis. Like the prototypes, they took a symmetrical position relative to the axis of the "Kremlin-Vorobyewy Gory" and the river bend. Various innovative approaches to the renovation of historical objects are shown, some conceptual provisions on the problems of the relationship between the old and the new are highlighted. For Andreevsky bridge historical metal superstructure and granite facing of supports were displaced from the old shot. The architectural design of the bridge at the Kievsky railway station includes only one historical steel arch span, which became the basis of the composition and a unique exhibit in the interior of the new covered public space. The questions of interaction of the created objects, surrounding situations and formation of adjacent territories are considered. New large urban Esplanade between Lenin and the Komsomol prospectus in the alignment of the Andreevsky bridge connected the areas of Yakimanka and Khamovniki, a new lower pedestrian promenade with a jetty connected rotunda (by architect M. Kazakov) andlow embankment (by architect A. Vlasov). Another bridge connected the areas of Plyushchikha and Dorogomilovo; the square in front of the station was landscaped with the creation of the fountain "Abduction of Europe" ensemble. New bridges served as the basis for the formation of the city pedestrian route "Neskuchny sad - Moscow-city". For the design and architecture of new pedestrian bridges teams of authors were awarded prizes of Moscow and "Crystal Daedalus". The article is illustrated by the author's drawings.