PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVE EFFECTS OF KARMECELL MULTICOMPONENT ADDITIVE IN CATTLE RATIONS
The aim of physiological and scientific production researches was to study the efficiency of Karmecell patented feed multicomponent additive for subsequent using in dairy cattle. Physiological researches and balance experiences for digestibility of feed nutrients were conducted under the VIZh vivarium circumstances in 6 analog black-and-white bull-calves of 240 kg live weight operated for making fistulas in the rumen. Karmecell in a dose of 77 g a day in all-mash mix was fed to 3 animals from the experimented group during 30 days. As for scientific production experiences in high productive cows grouped by 8-10 heads, Karmecell was fed for animals from the experimented groups by 200 g/head a day during 20 days before and 20 days after calving, and further by 100g/head a day during 90 days of lactation. Under the additive influence, microbiological mass of bacteria increased by 107.3% (p<0,05) before and 33.1% (p<0,001) after feeding, as for protozoa - 15.9% (p<0,01) and 13.3% (p<0,01), respectively. Up-to-date T-RFLP analysis technique allowed us to certify the change in species composition. Herewith significant increases in cellulolytic bacteria of Lachnospiraceae family (p<0,05) and of Ruminococcaceae (p<0,01) were ascertained as before feeding and after it with increasing amylolytics in the rumen contents of animals from the experimented group. Alongside with it, reliability of distinction in reduction of Enterobacteriaceae (p<0,01) including considerable quantity of pathogenic microorganisms, Fusobacteria causing necrobacterioses, and Campylobacteriaceae as a causative agent of campilobacterial masitis were revealed. Changing in directness of microbial processes contributed to 5.9% increase in VFA before feeding and 1,2,3,4, hours later after feeding as 22.5% (p<0,05), 11.4% (p<0,01), 11.0%, 16.2%, respectively. Against the background of increase in feed eatability of animals from the experimented group, increases in quantity and in coefficients of visible eatability in nutrients were stated: dry and organic by 2.6%, crude protein by 1.1%, crude fat by 12.3% (p<0,05), crude cellulose by 13.4% (p<0,05). Coefficient of nitrogen utilization in animals fed with the additive increased by 6.9 absolute percent at nitrogen deposition increase in a body by 12.7%. On the basis of decadely test milking it was stated that Karmecell additive use without advanced concentrate feeding for increasing milk capacity of holsteinized black-and-white cattle against the background of economic regions enables milk productivity gain by 8.8-10.8%.