NEUROIMAGING ASPECTS OF SOME MENTAL DISTURBANCES
In recent years there is intense progress in the studies aimed to neuroimaging of the brain. Annually in the world''s leading publications, new information about the functional changes found in the brain structures during various psychopathological disorders is published. Many of these data are highly contradictory and certainly require further study. The article describes the general and specific features of modern neuroimaging methods in the diagnosis of certain mental disorders. According to a number of neurofunctional studies, the structures of the brain responsible for the occurrence of addictions have been revealed: a system of "rewards" located in n. accumbens and ventral pallidum; the "motivation / action" system located in the orbitofrontal cortex and the cortex located under the corpus callosum; a system of " memory and memorization" - in the amygdala and hippocampus; a "control" system - in the prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulategyrus. Promising areas in the development of this subject are joint studies of the pathogenetic community of all mental pathology, the development of algorithms for comparing the data of clinical, psychological, instrumental and, including, neuroimaging images of the disease. Based on the neuroimaging approach, it is possible to create a new classification of mental and narcological pathology.