A PROACTIVE APPROACH TO THE JUSTIFICATION OF INVESTMENT AND CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
An analysis of domestic and foreign practice of implementing investment projects shows that many projects could not be successfully implemented due to not considering the requirements of interested parties (stakeholders). This can be confirmed, for example, by the annual reports of The Standish Group. Of particular importance is the problem of taking into account the requirements of stakeholders in the framework of the justification of investment and construction projects, because along with the traditional participants of the project (initiator, manager, project team, customer, nvestors, etc.), other interested parties (local authorities, natural monopolies, who expect to develop the infrastructure of territories for project account, owners of territories (land plots), population of territories and other persons). At the same time, the theoretical and methodological support for the justification of projects, which is based on the classical criteria for the economic efficiency of projects, cannot be considered quite satisfactory, especially with regard to linking different types of criteria into a single management model. This article proposes a proactive approach to the justification of investment and construction projects, the essence of which is to determine in advance (before the start of investment) in full the future effects of project implementation based on the analysis of key interests of stakeholders, including the stages: identification of stakeholders; ranking of stakeholders according to the degree of their influence on the project; formation of relevant stakeholders (working with really significant stakeholders will help save project resources); determination of the balance (compromise) between the various interests of relevant stakeholders of investment projects of spatial development of territories. This will prevent the manifestation of negative effects or reduce their impact on the progress of the project