ОЦІНКА РИЗИКІВ ДЛЯ ЛЮДИНИ ПРИ ВПЛИВІ ОДНОГО АБО ДЕКІЛЬКОХ ПОРОГОВИХ ТОКСИКАНТІВ
The article considers an important issue of an ecological safety, i.e. the quantitative assessment of the influence of threshold toxicants on a person in the form of risks. Hexavalent chromium, mercury, and cadmium are chosen as the main pollutants. The corresponding risks are calculated on the basis of the risk index. For an integrated approach to environmental hazards we have applied an additive model for calculating risks, which is considered a convenient tool for determining the degree of danger. The phenomenon of synergy has been used in this work that can have a significant impact on the value of the corresponding risks. The article considers the different kinds of synergies influencing the magnitude of the risks of harmful effects of selected threshold pollutants. This effect was shown through the numerical values of synergism coefficients. It was considered the situation of insignificant synergies and quite real one. The value of risks in these cases differ from one another. This method of calculating the quantities of risks makes it possible to assess adequately the hazards of exposure on human health to certain carcinogens.