THE CONTROLLING METHOD FOR PEDESTRIAN SAFETY WITHIN THE FRAME OF EVACUATION SIMULATION
The article is devoted to developing a method for managing safe evacuation conditions within the framework of a fire risk calculation procedure based on improving the approach to determining the required evacuation time. The assessment of the existing coefficient of 0.8 was conducted. This coefficient is used to determine the maximum permissible estimated time for people evacuation. It was found that the linear dependence of this coefficient does not reflect the specificity of the influence of the blocking time, both at low and high values of this time. In addition, it was found that the existing method for determining the conditions for safe evacuation requires perfection since it does not allow taking into account the value of the blocking time of escape routes. On the one hand, this leads to an increase in the danger of evacuees in the case of a short blocking time, and on the other hand, to an increase in the cost of ensuring fire safety in the case of long evacuation times. Two ways of improving the coefficient are proposed. It represents a more rational approach to determining the coefficient when assessing the conditions for safe evacuation. A parametric assessment of the proposed methods is carried out in comparison with the existing ones. The results showed that the proposed methods make it possible to more rationally determine the required evacuation time due to the absence of linear dependence on the blocking time. At the same time, the existing method significantly increases the area of unacceptable values of the required evacuation time while increasing the blocking time. Computer simulation for people evacuation and fire spreading was carried out. The effectiveness of the proposed methods was confirmed. The conditions for safe evacuation were calculated based on the existing approach and the newly proposed ones. The results showed that one of the proposed approaches makes it possible to assess the conditions for safe evacuation more rationally and to analyze the conditions under consideration at a higher quality level. At the same time, one of the proposed methods showed its imperfection and was not accepted. An algorithm for managing the condition of safe people evacuation has been developed based on the proposed method for a building in case of fire.