STUDYING THE ACTIVITY OF RUMEN METABOLISM IN DAIRY CATTLE UNDER THE EFFECT OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ADSORBENT
In recent years, it has been found that the combined effect of nitrates and mycotoxins increases their negative impact on the productivity and digestive metabolism of dairy cows. However, there is data of the positive effect of antioxidants and adsorbents on the digestive metabolism and performance of dairy cattle when feeds contain in abundance nitrogen nitrate and aflatoxin B1. In the conditions of dairy farm of Digorsky district of RSO-Alania in the performance of scientific and economic experience, the objects of research were black-and-white cows, of which 4 groups were formed on the principle of analogues. According to the results of studies, the content of aflatoxin B1 in the diet of dairy cattle has never exceeded the maximum permissible level - 0.05 mg/kg, and the concentration of nitrates in all cases was much lower than the MAC. Therefore, to provide a subtoxic dose of nitrates, sodium nitrate was introduced into the diets of experimental animals at the rate of 0.03 g/kg of live weight. It was found that the joint feeding of the adsorbent ekosil in the calculation of 4 kg/t of feed and antioxidant Hadox in the calculation of 125 g/t of feed in the rumen content of dairy cattle 3 of the experimental group there was a significant (p<0,05) increase in the number of infusorias and Flavobacterium vitarumen, accompanied by an increase in cellulolytic and proteinase activity, synthesis of volatile fatty acids, primarily acetic acid, a precursor of milk fat. The best confirmation of this is a significant (p<0.05) decrease in scar fluid in dairy cows of the 3 experimental group against the control analogues of nitrate concentration by 75.64%, nitrites - by 67.16% while increasing the amount of ammonia - by 10.98% (P<0.05). This allows for an effective denitrification process in ruminants.