Formation of a new framework model of spatial development as a result of transformation of multi-level territorial systems
The article discusses the content and types of territorial frameworks. Each type of frame is considered as a complete and living structure, when between the elements of which there must be a dynamic proportionality. The economic content of territorial frameworks is considered as a special kind of public goods, the usefulness of which exists in the form of a positive impact of their elements on the development of the economy and improving the quality of life of the population. Signs of certain types of territorial frameworks are given (the focus on meeting a certain group of needs, the specifics in the way of organizing activities, the uniformity of the material and technical base and the mandatory presence of its elements on the territory). Industrial, agricultural, social, infrastructure, construction, environmental and settlement frameworks are considered. A system of criteria for optimizing existing frameworks is proposed. The scheme of forming a framework model of spatial development is also given. Areas, their linear and point components are considered as elements of frameworks. Areas - the location of agricultural production, forests and areas for settlement, point elements-settlements, natural monuments, linear-rivers, transport arteries, forest belts, etc. In structural and functional analysis, the main elements of the spatial structure of regions can be identified in the economic framework - points of growth, subregions and special zones of various types, in settlement-a system of interconnected and interacting, hierarchically functioning settlements that form agglomerations and non-agglomeration settlements, in infrastructure development-transport networks, pipelines and navigable rivers. As it turned out, the planned economic policy in Bashkiria generally takes into account existing imbalances in the development of territorial frameworks and is aimed at overcoming them.