POLITICAL PARTIES AS AN INSTITUTE FOR INTERACTION OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND STATE IN CONTEMPORARY RUSSIA (on the materials of Kabardino-Balkaria)
The article examines the main stages of the development of political parties in modern Rus-sia. Considered socio-political processes associated with the formation of multi-party system. At the fi rst stage (80th years of the XX century) informal social organizations were created to meet cultural and national interests. After the disintegration of the Soviet state, in the social movements of the region, as well as in the whole country, centrifugal tendencies intensifi ed. In this difficult period, the fi rst political parties and movements were created. The second stage of the development of the multi-party system is connected with the elections to the State Duma of the fi rst three convocations (1993-2000). After the adoption of the Federal Law «On Political Parties» (2001), the third stage of development of political parties begins. The analysis of the modern legislation of the country fixing the status of political parties is carried out. The trans-formation of the Russian party system during the fi rst decade of the 21st century is shown. The dynamics of the number of political parties and the results of elections to the Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic are analyzed based on a mixed and proportional electoral system. The activity of the regional branches of parliamentary political parties is considered in solving social and economic problems and stabilizing ethnopolitical processes in the region. The factors hindering the development of civil society institutions are revealed, the main directions of the development of political parties are determined.