Experience in Studying Patterns of Behavior of University Graduates in the Labor Market
The article is devoted to the problems of employment and adaptation of graduates in the labor market. The purpose of this article is to analyze the problem of evaluating the effectiveness of training specialists and its connection with professional activity and mobility in the labor market, as well as the motivation for employment and job change. The authors insist on the hypothesis that the assessment of the university performance should take into account not only the share of graduates working in their specialty, but also their mobility in the labor market, their ability to retrain, retrain, and adapt to changing conditions.The study used applied sociological research of the Center for Applied Research for the period 2017-2020, data from HeadHunter, the Center for Applied Research of the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences and other researchers.The article notes two phases of adaptation of graduates: primary - immediately after receiving a diploma and secondary, when graduates, having received some work experience, seek to improve the parameters of the workplace and, mainly, their financial situation. The initial desire of graduates to get a job in their specialty (primary adaptation) and gain work experience, the claims of graduates for high earnings runs into the desire of employers to get a specialist with work experience for higher pay.In connection with the dynamism of the modern labor market, the conclusion suggests itself that a modern university should train a professionally oriented national and cultural elite that quickly adapts to changing market conditions and is ready for retraining and retraining. Work by profession is not the only criterion for evaluating the activities of the university.The importance of pay in the choice of work is not as strong as it seems in the surveys: the content of the work, the mode of work and social conditions in firms are no less important.