"BREATH OF A WATER": ON THE 100th ANNIVERSARY OF THE DEATH A.A. LEBEDINTSEVA
Since the middle of the XIX century. hydrobiology in Russia almost at the same time as in Europe begins to take shape as an independent science, where the works of A.A. Lebedintsev, who considered this new direction as the science of life in water bodies, exploring the patterns of the existence of populations of aquatic organisms and biotic communities (biocenoses) in their inextricable relationship with the habitat (biotope) and serving as the theoretical basis for the conservation and reproduction of biological resources of the hydrosphere. Already from the end of the XIX century. The dependence of the gas regime of water bodies, the so-called "lake respiration", on abiotic and biotic factors was studied by A.A. Lebedintsev, whose works did not receive as much fame as the works of American researchers E. Burge and C. Judea. Lebedintsev conducted physicochemical studies of “aquatic environment conditions”, consisting of “temperature, transparency, water color, oxygen supply in the water, ice and snow cover, bottom topography of the reservoir, winds and currents, fluctuations in water level, nutrition (from a chemical point of view) ) and the degree of water pollution ”) of Odessa Bay and Odessa estuaries (1892), studied the Marmara (1894), Baltic 1908), the Black (1890-92, 1897), the Sea of of Azov, the Caspian Sea (1897, 1904) Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay (1897, 1909), Norwegian Fjords (1903); He was also engaged in fresh water hydrochemistry (lakes of the Valdai Upland (1904), Pestovo (1902-1903), etc.), since in 1902 his main place of service was the "official" Nikolsky fish hatchery. It is shown that hydrobiology and aquatic ecology are closely connected with the sciences of the hydrosphere - hydrochemistry, hydrophysics, hydrology. And along with the works of A.A. Lebedintseva, of great importance for their development were the works of Russian scientists - D.N. Anuchina, L.S. Berga, G.Yu. Vereshchagin, S.I. Kuznetsova, I.V. Molchanova, S.D. Muraveysky L.L. Rossolimo, V.I. Zhadina, G.G. Winberg and others, and foreign ones - E. Burge, A. Tineman, E. Naumann, C. Judei, V. Halbfas, F. Rutner, K.Kh. Mortimer, J.E. Hutchinson, et al.