Archbishop Philippe (Stavitsky): the Biography and Memory of the Orthodox Leader in the Church’s History of 20 <sup>th</sup> century
The article is devoted to reconstruction of the biography of one of prominent representatives of orthodox hierarchy of the first half of the 20 <sup>th</sup> century of Philippe (Stavitsky). Its purpose is to track interrelation scientifically established facts of the biography of the orthodox figure and images of public memory of it. Research is conducted on the basis of application of biographic and historical and genetic methods. For achievement of a goal widely were attracted anthropology capacious sources. Office work documents of the Sacred Synod and Synod educational committee of Orthodox church from the RGIA funds, characterizing appointments and movements of hierarches were studied. On materials of investigative affairs of Philippe (Stavitsky) specifics of relationship with the Soviet power and orthodox society (measures of support of the hierarch, a problem of unity of orthodox society) is investigated. Materials of investigative affairs and containing in them office and personal correspondence are estimated as independently significant source, their information potential in reconstruction of biographies of orthodox leaders is determined. Special value is represented by materials of the personal folder of the archbishop in fund of Council for affairs of the Russian Orthodox Church, characterizing the relations of the secular power and orthodox hierarchy in post-war Russia. In the center of scientific consideration vital reference points, professional practicians of the hierarch of Russian Orthodox Church are put. They are analyzed in a context of socially significant processes, such as the state antireligious campaigns, acceptance and application of the legislation on cults, repressions and "Big terror". The facts of the biography of the archbishop are compared in article with their modern treatments entered in a context of a special formula of memory of the hierarch. On the example of Philippe''s biography (Stavitsky) the author opens a problem of scientific reconstruction of biographies of figures of Orthodoxy. Materials of research show a considerable political involvement of the status of the orthodox hierarch, describe difficult system of dependence of his professional powers from the relations with the secular power and orthodox society.