DETECTION OF NITROFURAN DRUGS METABOLITES: 3-AMINE-2-OXAZOLIDINONE AND 3-AMINE-5-MORPHOLINE-2-OXAZOLIDINONE IN RAW MEAT BY ENZYMEIMMUNOASSAY
Nitrofuran derivatives - drugs that are synthetic antibacterial drugs that are banned in the European Union (EU) for use in livestock due to the risk of adverse effects (carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, toxic) on animals and humans. However, they are used as growth promoters in farm animals in developing countries, where such a prohibition does not exist, and often in the EU. Purpose: to carry out laboratory studies to determine the residual amounts of nitrofurans by detection of their metabolites AMOZ and AOZ in various kinds of raw meat. Materials and methods: 228 samples of raw meat have been investigated for nitrofurans metabolites. Samples were collected at meat processing plants of St. Petersburg. Raw material was from different countries. The quantification of nitrofuran drugs based on the detection of their metabolites (3-amino -2-oxazolidinone - AOZ and 3-amino -5- morpholino -2-oxazolidinone - AMOZ) in raw meat by enzyme immunoassay. Results: AOZ and AMOZ metabolites were found in 48 samples (21%) either separately or together. AMOZ metabolite was detected in 30 samples (13%), and AOZ - 18 samples (7.8%) in quantities exceeding the maximum permissible level due to SanPin 2.3.2.1078-01 (MPLs no more than 1.0 mg / kg). In the Russian Federation nitrofurans became rationed in food raw materials from January 1, 2012: they set the maximum permissible level of 1.0 mg / kg. In the countries of the Customs Union as a norm accepted level of sensitivity of the method (ELISA > 0,25 mg / kg ). Conclusion: AOZ metabolite found in the samples indicates the use of the drug furazolidone, AMOZ metabolite - furaltadona. The conclusion is in both countries - exporters of raw meat materials in Russia, and in Russia itself nitrofurans are used in animal breeding.