PRACTISE... DRINKING AND MISCHIEF...": FORMING AND DEVIANT FEATURES OF THE MARCHING OF THE 3D NIZHNY NOVGOROD REGIMENT (SEPTEMBER 1812 - JUNE 1813)
The era of 1812 continues to be one of the most popular objects of study in the national historical science, but despite the large number of studies on its various aspects, for many years out of the field of view of scientists remain topical issues related, in particular, with the deviant behavior of the soldiers of the Russian army in the campaign of 1812. The relevance of the topic is due to both purely historical factors of the complex study of the scientific phenomenon as such, and socio-psychological reasons for the study of the phenomenon of "man of war" in the history of voobshe and the history of everyday life, in particular. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that for the first time in the national historical science, various aspects of the deviant behavior of soldiers of a single combat unit of the era of 1812, which is in a combat campaign and represents a specific human team, are studied. The methodology of the presented research is based on the principle of historicism and scientific objectivity. General scientific, as well as historical-system and retrospective methods of research are used. The source base of the presented work was made up of official records relating to the activities of the Nizhny Novgorod militia and located in the Central archive of the Nizhny Novgorod region (CANO): reports of the regiment commander, reports, interrogations and other documentation characterizing the internal life and events in the regiment. It should be noted that the most visible signs of deviant behavior and violations of military discipline were manifested at the initial stage of formation of the regiment as a combat unit and at the final point of its arrival. The most characteristic acts and criminal acts on the part of the personnel of the regiment were drunkenness, desertion, illegal disposal of other people's property, official misconduct, etc.were recorded and individual cases of serious crimes. The results of the study should be considered the definition of the main types of disciplinary violations and crimes that occurred in the regiment, as well as the conclusion that they did not affect the performance of the main combat missions of the regiment.