Justification of choosing a safe location of hydraulic structures located in close proximity to the water edge
Mobile pumping stations are cheaper than stationary stations and, which is important under modern conditions, do not need permanent security. For the installation of pumps, a foundation of concrete slabs is required. In order to comply with security measures, including environmental, as well as rational use of financial resources, the design period of the foundation operation must be established as about 10 years. That is, mobile pumping stations are located in places where the influence of coastal processes is minimal. To justify the construction safety of structures in the coastal zone of rivers, it is necessary to make a forecast of coastal deformation. When developing calculation methods, particular difficulties arise in the process of calculating parameters of flows at the channel turn. The reason is lack of our knowledge about the mechanism of flows motion not only on a complex bend but also on a single one. The methods for calculating hydraulic resistances on the channel bend during flows movement cannot be considered perfect since they, as a rule, are based on empirical formulas. Therefore, predicting the coast erosion during the estimated period of operation is associated with significant difficulties. To adjust the calculations in each case it is necessary to conduct additional field hydrological studies. Based on the long-term observations, it was found that the choice of a safe location of structures in the immediate proximity to the water edge is possible using programs that make it possible to compare historical space images of different years, such as Google Earth Pr. By analyzing space images it is possible to determine the location of the Stable coastal areas suitable for the location of structures in the immediate proximity to the water edge. The stable zone of the coast is characterized by a slight curvature on the convex part of the bend, with an eroded section upstream and a sediment deposition section downstream. The essential condition is the presence of a whirlpool upstream, in the immediate proximity to the stable coastal zone. The indicated method can serve as a starting point for determining the safe location of structures located in close proximity to the water edge.