TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAMBRIDGE TOWN AND UNIVERSITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE XIII-XIV CENTURIES)
Cambridge is located on the Kem river, in the County of Cambridgeshire. In the Middle ages, a king was a senior of the town. In the XIII century, a University appeared in Cambridge. Having appeared within the already existing medieval town, the new scientific community was forced to establish relations with the surrounding urban environment, the municipal authorities of Cambridge. In this work, we have considered the issue of powers separation between the town and the University of Cambridge on the example of the XIII-XIV centuries - the time when the main lines in the relationship between the new academic community and the existing municipal authorities began to be built. The study showed that gradually the town Corporation of Cambridge began to lose some of its privileges. It caused displeasure of citizens. The tension between the town and the University grew. As a result, in summer 1381 there was the largest clash of citizens, clerics and students. All the anger of Cambridge people was directed to their rivals - the University, the students and the clergy. The events in Cambridge had a great resonance. For a year, the municipal Corporation was deprived of the rights of self-government. The town has lost a number of significant privileges, some of which have passed to the scientific community. Probably, this position of the monarch was due to the special interests of the crown, in particular, the desire to make the University more dependent on the national head. In addition, the Royal power needed competent officials and good theologians, who were able to defend the interests of England in disputes with the Papacy.