The structure and functions of the county judiciary in the territory of Belarus in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century
The article is devoted to the problem of development of the judicial system in the Belarusian counties in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century. The introduction notes the relevance and purpose of the study, which is determined the structure and functions of district courts in Belarus in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century. In the main part of the article, the evolution of the judiciary in Belarus counties is revealed, the progress of judicial reform is reflected, and it is identified the similarities of held tranformations in the structure of the proceedings with the Russian provinces and the features of the introduction of judicial statutes in 1864 in the Belarusian provinces are determined. The goals and tasks that were solved during the reform of the county judiciary are outlined, the processes of their formation, legislative registration, normative definition of functions, the place and role of these institutions in the system of public administration at the county level are shown. It is analyzed and characterized the legislative acts of the Russian Empire in the field of local legal proceedings and the main directions of reforms within the counties of the Belarusian provinces. It is shown the structural organization of a world court on the territory of Belarus, appointing guards persons, and described its composition and functions. The reasons of creation of Institute of the zemstvo chiefs and their judicial powers are considered. In conclusion, it is noted that the reform of the judiciary was due to the special status of the Belarusian region in the Russian Empire. The structure and functions of the county judicial system were specific, consistent with the internal policy of the autocracy. The results and conclusions of the study can be used in general and special courses on the history of Belarus.