CRITERIA OF SOCIO-CULTURAL TYPIFICATION OF THE TERRITORIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA AND THE CITY OF SEVASTOPOL BY THE NATURE OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT
The article proposes a methodological approach to the selection of the main criteria for the typification of the territories of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol by the nature of their development in the field of dynamically changing socio-cultural processes. Modern social geography today faces the task of forming the concept of geocultural space, which requires the development of new methods of studying, in particular, such territorial objects as the region. The socio-cultural approach allows to carry out a comprehensive socio-geographical characteristic of the territory in the coordinates of the geocultural space. The content of the socio-cultural approach allows us to look at the territory from the multifaceted positions of culture and sociality. One of the tools in such a study is the typification of the territorial units of the region. The socio-cultural typification is based on a comprehensive analysis of processes that allow to identify regional features of their manifestation, groups of districts with similar development trends and to carry out their typification. This paper presents the results of a pioneer variant of the selection of criteria for socio-cultural typification of the territories of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol by the nature of their development. As an example, let's consider one - the spatio-temporal criterion, realizing that objective typological developments can be carried out on the basis of the application of a group of criteria, only the cumulative application of which makes it possible to distinguish typologically integral territorial units with identical socio-cultural processes and stages of their development. The proposed typification of the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol is based on the nature of the development of socio-cultural processes and the stages of their development. At the first stage of typing, there is a selection of indicators that most determine the socio-cultural specifics of the Crimean regions and reflect various aspects of socio-cultural processes. All selected indicators are considered as equivalent and equilibrium. In the process of typing , the indicators are combined into 4 main groups: 1. ethnic (ethnic mosaic of the territory, the proportion of ethnic Russians in the population structure, the proportion of ethnic Crimean Tatars in the population structure, the proportion of ethnic Ukrainians in the population structure, etc.); 2. confessional (the proportion of Orthodox communities in the total number of religious communities, the proportion of Muslim communities in the total number of religious communities, the proportion of Protestant communities in the total number of religious communities, etc.); 3. demographic (fertility, mortality, natural and mechanical population growth, life expectancy, indicators of marriage and divorce, infant mortality can be used as auxiliary indicators); 4. electoral (changes in electoral behavior and electoral activity of the population). To identify the spatio-temporal ethnic, confessional and demographic components of socio-cultural processes, it is necessary to determine the dynamics and identify differences in the selected indicators in comparison for the selected period.