Scientific and educational centers as a basic element for the formation of a scientific-oriented environment of a technical university
Construction belongs to the basic, innovative and high-tech industries which determine the socio-economic development of the country. The effecient development of the country is impossible without the training of highly professional specialists in engineering and technology in various areas. The federal state educational standards of higher education in the field of preparation bachelors and masters of engineering and technology, contain system-wide requirements, requirements for material, technical and educational and methodological training of training programs. These requirements are implemented in an integrative professional educational environment that ensures the indivdual and professional development of future specialists. The paper considers the concept of the educational environment, its types and features, the model of the environment of a technical university. The educational environment should be professionally-oriented, actively influencing on students and ensuring their self-education, self-upbringing and self-development. Methodological foundations and requirements for the creation of a professionally-oriented environment of a technical university have been developed. The basic element of the model of the educational environment - the scientific and educational center, is singled out. Its definition is given, the basic design principles are defined: the unity of education and upbringing, professional orientation, personality activity, problematic and contextual educational tasks, integrativity and variability. The effective functioning of the center is achieved by zoning the area of the premises. The effeciency of the center's work has been established by a long-term study of changes in the dynamics of students' motivation to master special disciplines, the quality of bachelors and masters final qualified works, the result of the participation of diploma theses at the All-Russian competition in building education. The purpose of the study is to develop the basics for designing a professionally-oriented educational environment for a technical (construction) university and to determine its role in improving the effectiveness of teaching students of technical specialties.