Capacity of Ultrasound Diagnostics in Treatment of Patients with Scar Deformations of Skin Integument
The purpose was the improvement of quality of diagnostics at patients with scar deformations on preand postoperative stages with use of ultrasonic methods of diagnostics. Materials and methods. Ultrasonic examination was carried out on 87 patients with scars of various anatomic areas. The age of patients varied from 16 to 58 years. Ultrasound assessment of superficial tissues in the area of scar deformations, over tissue expanders and in zones of estimated vascular pedicles was carried out. Histologic examination and electronic microscopy of the excised scars was performed for the verification of scar type. Results. The technique was developed and criteria of noninvasive differential diagnostics of various types of scars were defined. Hypertrophic and keloid scars have accurate ultrasonic criteria. One of indications to ultrasonic examination is a need of determination of exact depth of scar process and extent of involvement of surrounding tissues in it and structures (most often tendons). At ultrasonic monitoring of soft tissues in the area of the implanted expander allows the early identification and prevention of such complications as seroma, hematoma, expander rupture or its port dislocation, and also pressure sore of stretched soft tissues. For precise localization and diameter of a vascular pedicle, its presence or alteration after a burn and an estimation of a condition of microvascular anastomosis in the postoperative period it is expedient to carry out color duplex scanning. Conclusion. Application of the developed techniques allows to reach better results and to reduce terms of rehabilitation of patients with scar deformations, defects and contractures.