THE DICHOTOMY OF LEGAL REGULATIONOF PASSIVE VOTING RIGHTS RESTRICTIONS IN RUSSIA: HISTORY AND MODERNITY
Background: electoral law in the Russian Federation is one of the most frequently adjusted and least stable areas of national legislation. Active lawmaking and law enforcement practice of conducting federal, regional and municipal elections not only does not remove but also generates new controversial issues in the regulation of the electoral system. Objective: to identify historical regularities of legislative establishment of the system of suffrage restrictions in the Russian state, including the pre-revolutionary and Soviet period, through the prism of peculiarities of passive suffrage regulation of the modern democratic model of state administration in Russia. Methodology: the research conducted in the article is based on a set of cognitive methods used in jurisprudence (logical, historical, system-structural, formal-legal, etc.). Results: the scientific concept of the cyclical increase and decrease in the number of legislatively established qualifications of suffrage based on the dual (dichotomous) nature of legal regulation of limitation of the constitutional right of citizens to be elected to bodies of state power and local self-government, expressed in alternating processes of concretization and liberalization of legislative norms is being developed. Conclusions: the regularities of the correlation between the processes of specification (differentiation and individualization) and liberalization (cancellation and mitigation) of legal regulation of the system of restrictions to passive suffrage at different stages of development of the Russian state have been revealed, which explain why today the list of legislative restrictions to passive suffrage has a pronounced tendency to expand, and the fixed procedure of nomination and registration of candidates - to complicate and bureaucratize administrative and court procedures.