RECIPROCAL ADAPTATION: THE SCHOOL AND MODERN FIRST-GRADERS MUTUAL RAPPROCHEMENT
Based on the theoretical analysis of scientific sources, the article describes the adaptation of first-graders as a socio-psychological phenomenon. The essential characteristics, levels, content of the studied phenomenon are considered, its structural components (cognitive, motivational, social) are determined. The essence of a new phenomenon for psychology - reciprocal adaptation is described. Definitions of “adaptation” and “disadaptation” concepts of students are given. The content of adaptation is presented from the standpoint of first-graders’ involvement in activities: adaptation to activities in general and to new conditions of cognitive activity in particular. The factors and causes of adaptation violation of first-graders are characterized. The indicators of first-graders’ maladjustment from the psychological and medical points of view are reflected. The criteria and indicators of socio-psychological support of students in the first grades in the institutions of general secondary education are analyzed.