Modeling the work of positioning and orienting-dosin g device for maize ears of variety and hybrid maize
The article presents theoretical studies on the process of transferring corn cobs from any to a strictly defined position when they are conveyed by an orienting-dosing loading device to the working bodies of an axial-rotary thresher Maize ears, loaded into the storage hopper of orienting-dosing loading device, form a chaotic hill, so they need to be individually picked up, oriented in space parallel to the thresher rotor axis and conveyed to the threshing chamber in this position. This allows to increase threshing efficiency of cobs of variety and hybrid corn. Logical criteria for evaluating design features of existing devices capable of orienting corn cobs in space are proposed. According to these criteria, an appropriate analysis was carried out, an effective Pareto border was constructed, and elevator type device was chosen as the most promising. Design of a new orienting-dosing loading device is proposed. A flowchart describing the principle of operation of orienting-dosing loading device was developed, including both the sequence of operations performed and the factors affecting the quality of their performance. It is suggested to determine the probability of cob orientation in space as a product of probabilities: preliminary orientation in the bunker, primary orientation of the long side along the base blade and secondary orientation using the mounting surface of the resetting plate. The conditions of preliminary orientation of cobs in the storage bin are considered. An assumption is made about the necessity of applying a force action from the side of the grasping blade in the space located between the support points of its long side. It is proved that the magnitude of reactions at the support points is proportional to the distance from the concentrated force to the supports. It is revealed that the probability of orientation of the cob in the storage bin by the required side in relation to the grasping blade is the quotient from dividing the solid angle of the hopper neck cone to the larger solid angle of the cob.