RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PAPILLARY CARCINOMA OF THE THYROID GLAND
Morphological examination of the cellular composition of the thyroid gland node obtained with fine needle aspiration biopsy is an important stage in the preoperative differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. At present, fine needle aspiration puncture biopsy has become widespread. The objective of the research: To establish the reliability of fine needle aspiration puncture biopsy in the formulation of a preliminary diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer. Materials and methods. During the period from 2014 to 2016, the clinic received 122 patients with a preliminary diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer. All patients in the prehospital stage were subjected to ultrasound examination of the neck with fine needle aspiration puncture biopsy of the thyroid nodules, and in case of metastatic lesions - and lymph nodes. Staining of smears were performed by the method of Romanovsky-Giemsa with phosphate buffer to achieve pH 6.0-6.3 (optimal pH 6.2) and fixation in methanol. Results. All patients underwent surgical treatment according to the protocol of the treatment of highly differentiated thyroid carcinoma. With the preliminary diagnosis T1a-bN0M0, patients underwent thyroidectomy, central lymphatic nodes dissection, in the remaining cases, thyroidectomy, central and lateral lymphatic nodes dissection from the affected side of thyroid gland. We performed 46 thyroidectomies with central lymphatic dissection (37.7 %) and 76 thyroidectomy with central and unilateral lymphatic dissection of the neck (62.3 %). Received results, out of 122 patients, 114 had a diagnosis of papillary cancer, which was confirmed by the histological conclusion (93.4 %). The remaining 8 patients (6.6 %) were diagnosed with micro-macrofollicular goiter. This diagnosis was confirmed in all the cases by immunohistochemical examination.Conclusions. Fine needle aspiration puncture biopsy is a reliable method in diagnosing papillary thyroid cancer (93.4 %). Morphological examination of a biopsy by a qualified specialist minimizes the need for intraoperative additional rapid biopsy of the nodes.