Statins Pharmacogenetics: Multiform Ir Gene Alleles SLCO1B1, ABCB1, ABCG2 Effect on Therapeutic Benefit and Adverse Events Expansion
Various forms of statins, the main lipid-lowering medications, are widely used to reduce illness and mortality of patients who are at high risk of cardiovascular diseases, including stroke. The review deals with the potential role of genetic factors in the individual statin choice and their adequate dose correction. The allelic status of three genes SLCO1B1, ABCB1 and ABCG2: is discussed, the proteins coding by these genes are the main factors controlling the processes of capture andexcretion of the statins. The special attention is paid to the causal link of patient’s genotype in the prediction of negative side effects while statin therapy. The main side effect is the skeletal muscle myopathy that arises quite infrequently and is connected both with the prescribed statins in the certain dose and with the patients genotype and hereditary-dependent peculiarities of statins capture by hepatocytes and their removal from the body. The method of the complex estimation in points of genotype contribution to the statin therapy is discussed.