A role of selectivity of fertilization and self-fertility in breeding and seed-growing of sunflower (review)
Basing on analysis of domestic and foreign literary sources, there are presented data about features of pollination process and germ development, competitive ability of pollen in sunflower, promoting selectivity of fertilization and self-fertility. Influence of genotype and environmental conditions on manifestation of these traits is considered. The sufficient differences between OP-varieties, hybrids and inbreds on self-fertility being affected by changes in selection methods and estimation of breeding material are noted. A meaning of increased self-fertility for improvement of sunflower yield at cultivation in zones with unfavorable soil and climatic conditions and deficiency of insects-pollinators is determined. Determination of self-fertility of the new inbred lines and hybrids became an obligatory element in breeding programs of leading breeding centers all over the world as this trait is very important in sunflower breeding. Importance of selection for self-fertility in sunflower breeding in conditions of the Russian Federation is accented.