Galectin-3 as a marker of kidney damage in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and multiple myeloma in residents of the Gomel region of Belarus
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a tumor from plasma cells, which in its development passes the stage of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) or smoldering myeloma. It is characterized by bone marrow infiltration, the presence of foci of destructive lesions, hypercalcemia, and impaired renal function. Renal failure of varying degrees of manifestation occurs in almost half of patients with newly diagnosed MM.In MM with light chain secretion, the presence of renal failure is almost always associated with a monoclonal protein, and in these cases a kidney biopsy is usually not needed to confirm the cause of the lesion. At the same time, MGUS patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and monoclonal protein require renal biopsy to exclude amyloidosis, hypertensive or diabetic nephropathy.Renal biopsy is associated with an increased expectancy of complications; therefore, it is urgent to search for new markers for non-invasive determination of neoplastic kidney damage. The article presents the results of the study of the role of galectin-3 as a marker of kidney damage in patients with MGUS and newly diagnosed MM of the Gomel region.