Results of the study of local apricot in Orenburg region
The purpose of research is the selection, consolidation in the best collections of local forms of apricot in Orenburg region. All methods used in the study are those adopted in botany, plant breeding, molecular biology, horticulture. Local forms are high winter hardiness, high yields (average of 25 to 75 kg per tree), fruit 78 % of the years, including an average of 40 % of the years with high yield, very resistant to pests and diseases. Fruit weight is 6-41 g, he is often orange color, have good taste, proportion of bone in the fetus is an average of 7-11 %. In the south-east of Orenburg region grow most adapted to local forms of droug. Height of fruit trees is 3-5 m, but in the southeast have occasionally bushy plants. Local fruit apricots aged 4 years, very quickly increasing harvest. Biochemical composition of fruit pulp is rich in dry substance (35 %), carotene (24 mg/100 g), sugar (16 %) seed oil contains 35-52 %, 20-36 % protein. In the south-east of Orenburg region the accumulation in fruits of heavy metals (lead, copper, etc.) is in the normal range. 22 local varity types, including two with the participation of southern varieties are revelead. Forms are often bitter apricot seed, except variety type Shalah. By analyzing the replacement seed globulin were identiﬁed polypeptide markers of adaptation to local apricots winter-spring damping-off plants, hypothermia and hyperthermia, the marker is positioned bright (pink, red ) color coating fetus.