Role of impression cytology in cornea epithelium phenotype assessment at solution of question of indications to operation of optical keratoplasty
The advanced technique of an impression cytology when carrying out morphological, a visual quantitative analysis allows to define the morphological status of an epithelium of a corneal cataract and on its character to divide patients into two groups. From 40 eyes with vascular cataracts of a cornea the corneal phenotype took place on 28 eyes (70%). There were only 12 cases with a conjunctival epithelium (30%). Data of an impression cytology in all cases were confirmed at histologic research of an epithelium of corneal disks. The received results are the basis for division of patients according to indications to realization of a through keratoplasty (in the eyes with a corneal epithelium of a cataract) or limb transplantation (at cataracts with an epithelium of a conjunctival phenotype). At 28 patients the fast epitelization and the transparent unvascular engraftment of corneal transplants in the remote period of monitoring was noted (in 3 months). Visual acuity was equal to 0,2-0,4 (average 0,36). After 10-12 months. 12 patients corneal grafts were completely epithelized and remained clear with no evidence of vascularization. Visual acuity ranged between 0,3-0,6 (average 0,45). Another 3 patients experienced swelling and stromal haze graft vascular ingrowth active However, with impression cytology all patients keratotransplants were covered with corneal phenotype epithelium. The obtained data confirmed possibility of research of character of a corneal epithelium in the eyes with vascular cataracts by means of an impression cytology at the solution of a question of indications to an optical keratoplasty.