Formation of Multicultural Environment of the City: Western and Russian Experience
In this article the authors draw attention to the problem of using the principles of multiculturalism in the organization of architecture-planning environment in European megapolises, in Denmark, Germany, Russia and Holland particularly. Social changes that force architects and designers of urban environment to refer today to the creation of architectural zones, which are intended for integration of refugees and migrants from the Middle East and North Africa countries, are analyzed. The role of architecture in shaping the social space of the city and solving social problems is shown. The authors address the issue of the mission of architecture and design in creating the comfortable multicultural environment of the modern city. The project of the “Superkilen” city park in Copenhagen is analyzed; projects of the location of refugees in the EU countries (in Germany primarily) are considered. The experience in organization of the architectural-planning space in the European Union is compared with the similar experience in the USSR. As an example, the arrangement of the space of the Exhibition of Achievements of National Economy in Moscow is presented. At the end, ways for further research in multicultural urban space are targeted.