PEDAGOGICAL EFFICIENCY OF XENOPHOBIA AND INTOLERANCE OVERCOMING IN YOUTH SPHERE
The pedagogical factors overcoming xenophobia phenomenon in the youth sphere are presented. The author notes that xenophobia is common in conditions of mutual isolation of communities of people who are not familiar with foreign customs. Many phenomena of life are evaluated in comparison with the traditions, values and norms accepted in their group. Teaching tolerance is another factor necessary to overcome xenophobia among young people. This is a condition and key to successful interaction between people of different cultures. Teaching tolerance is often associated with such concepts as cross-cultural literacy, multicultural education and ethno-cultural upbringing. Despite the seeming similarity of the first two terms (cross-cultural literacy and multicultural education), these concepts only complement each other, but are by no means synonymous. Multicultural education is the next important factor in overcoming xenophobia among young people. Multicultural education focuses on several pedagogical principles: education for human dignity and high moral qualities; education for coexistence of different social groups, races, religions, ethnic groups, education, tolerance, a willingness to cooperate with each other. Psychological mechanism leading xenophobia is the human desire to divide the world into “us” and “them”. With this mechanism is closely related mechanism of social identity, interpreted as a set of ideas, emotions, motives, knowledge, values, stereotypes and behavior patterns, norms and standards, as well as unconscious formations.