Textile waste generation in the Sakhalin Region: cluster approach of collection and processing
The authors consider the conceptual issues of creating an effective regional model of textile waste management in the Sakhalin region. An analytical review and analysis of the current situation on the handling of textile waste generated as a result of both human activity and in the process of production activities of enterprises and organizations has been carried out. About 300 thousand tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) are generated annually in the region. Almost the entire specified volume is subsequently placed on landfills of MSW, and only 0.24 % is disposed of or neutralized. Today, there is an acute problem of insufficient recycling, including textile waste, which is practically not involved in repeated economic turnover. This is due to both the lack of necessary infrastructure and specialized enterprises. Currently, there is no unified system of collection, processing and disposal of textile waste generated by the population and in production technological cycles on the territory of the Sakhalin region. The creation of a textile waste collection and treatment system in the region is hindered by the lack of reliable statistical information on the volumes of waste generation in municipal districts and urban districts. The peculiarity of the waste management system in the Sakhalin region is the insular nature of the territory (the region is located on islands), which determines the cluster approach in the formation of a waste collection and treatment system. The authors carried out an indicative (expert and regulatory) assessment of the volume of textile waste generation in the Sakhalin Region and proposed optimal ways to improve the territorial waste management scheme (including MSW) aimed at increasing the collection and processing of textile waste. The concept of reforming the territorial scheme of solid household waste management in the Sakhalin region is proposed, based on the use of a cluster approach and allowing to minimize environmental consequences by involving waste in economic turnover as secondary resources for developing territorial production complexes in the region. The division of the municipalities of the region into clusters with the allocation of zones of direct transportation, transshipment and local disposal of MSW will enable a differentiated approach to waste management.