Susceptibility of western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), to insecticides
The susceptibility of the glasshouse population of western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) to organophosphate, pyrethroid, and neonicotinoid insecticides has been studied under laboratory conditions. It has been shown that the pest population maintains species susceptibility to thiame-toxam, while 85-, 1700-, and 3-fold resistance has been developed to pirimiphos-methyl, cypermethrin, and imidacloprid, respectively. Based on the analysis of toxicity indices of insecticides, it has been established that pirimiphos-methyl, cypermethrin, and imidacloprid are not effective against this population of F. occidentalis. The application of modern chemicals with different mechanisms of action (aver-mectins, phenylpyrazoles, juvenoids), as well as alternative methods of control (biological agents, blue sticky traps with kairomones and pheromones), are recommended for the protection of vegetable crops in glasshouse.