Ambulatory cardiac monitoring with implantable devices. Modern status and perspectives
Ambulatory cardiac monitoring is a rapidly expanding field of functional diagnostics. Today, the main direction of cardiac monitoring is outpatient monitoring of the electrocardiogram, an important diagnostic tool that is used daily by doctors in many specialties. Therefore, both wearable and subcutaneous technologies of electrocardiographic monitoring are now widely used. A number of devices can be placed under the patient's skin and have the ability to wirelessly transmit data to home transmitters, which, in turn, then transmit data to the doctor via cloud interfaces, that is, they allow remote monitoring and monitoring of the patient's condition. Such systems are widely used in various countries of the world, approved in the USA, and are also used for remote monitoring of patients in Europe and Russia, where their implementation is gaining momentum. This review presents the technical aspects of subcutaneous monitoring, provides a schematic representation of the operation of systems existing on the market, discusses the advantages of this method, as well as the disadvatanges of existing implantable cardiac monitors on the market. The issues of the future development of this technology and indications for the use of existing devices approved by the professional cardiological communities are considered.