Grammatical errors position among other errors
This article is devoted to the problem of classification of grammatical mistakes in the pedagogical tradition. The conditional division of the researches devoted to the classification of grammar mistakes into 6 groups is offered in the article. The first group is made by works which authors put the traditional (formal) principle into the basis of classification of mistakes. The second group of researches is based on the accounting of the structure of language units and their functioning in the speech. The third group of classifications is constructed on the basis of the stylistic principle. The fourth group is presented by the classifications considering the way of cogitative activity. The fifth group has the principle of the compliance of the speech to "the reality, thinking and language" as a classification basis. The sixth group of the researches has no rather accurate bases for the classification of mistakes. Besides, in this article the place of grammar mistakes among other types of mistakes is defined, the definition of the concept "grammar mistakes" is given. The analysis of the literature on the problem of the research allows to make a conclusion that various terminology is used for designation of grammar mistakes: 1) stylistic; 2) grammar-stylistic, syntactical-stylistic; morphological-stylistic; 3) speech; 4) grammatical. A large number of definitions of the concept "grammar mistakes" existing nowadays in the pedagogical science are explained by the difficulties in the stating of the types of mistakes and their qualification. Inside grammar mistakes morphological and syntactic ones are traditionally allocated. Many researchers consider word-formational mistakes to be the morphological ones. The most of the researchers consider them to be grammatical, others - speech ones. We consider that word-formational mistakes belong to morphological and together with the syntactical ones make a group of grammatical violations. The classification of syntactical mistakes is presented in the fullest form in N. N. Algazina and S. A. Arefyeva''s works. The prevention and the correction of grammar mistakes in the pupils' speech must rely on the pedagogical forecasting of possible grammar mistakes of the pupils of a certain age on the basis of taking into consideration of the features of the formation of a grammatical system of their speech by the acquaintance of the pupils with the types of grammar mistakes.