The impact of different technologies on the productivity of winter wheat and the fertility of leached chernozem
The researches were conducted in the stationary field experiment of The national Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko in 2013-2018. The aim was to develop and determine the effectiveness of various technologies in 6-field grain crop rotation increasing the fertility of leached chernozem of the Krasnodar region and the yield of field crops. Studies on winter wheat have shown the traditional and minimal mulching technology with decompression provided a greater accumulation of moisture in the 0-100 cm soil layer after sunflower and soybean by the beginning of spring vegetation (130.5 and 127.4 mm) than the minimum mulching (113.2 mm). The lowest soil density was on traditional and minimal mulching with decompression technologies in the layer 0-30 cm (1.31 and 1.29 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) and in the layer 20-40 cm (1.35 and 1.33 g/cm<sup>3</sup>), then on the minimum mulching. The humus content in the layer of 0-30 cm for 1.5 rotation of crop rotation in the control decreased 0.03%, and in field with increased N150P26K20 with ameliorant increased to 3.49%. Maximum grain yield of wheat was obtained with traditional technology in field with increased N150P26K20 with ameliorant and the predecessor crop sunflower - 7,20 t per ha and in field with the preceding crop soybean 7,57 t per ha. The best quality of grain by protein and gluten contents was obtained on traditional technology.