MULTICULTURALISM AND POLYCULTURALISM AS MODELS OF OPTIMIZING INTER-ETHNIC COMMUNICATION
The article is devoted to the analysis of the complex processes of formation and practical implementation of the state ethno-national policy in multi-ethnic societies of the modern Western world and Russia. The authors consider the concepts and methods of optimizing interethnic communication on the example of the policy of multiculturalism in Western Europe and polyculturalism in the Soviet Union and modern Russia. It is noted that today a universal concept has not been developed that can integrate original cultural manifestations into a single universal system of values However, a comparative analysis of two ideologies aimed at the internal integration of a multi-ethnic society gives the authors an understanding that the policy of multiculturalism in reality artificially preserves traditional community relations, thereby preventing the individual integration of their members into the civil society. The most effective ethnopolitical strategy in the harmonization of social relations seems to the authors to be a multicultural approach.