ISOLINEAR MAPPING OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS IN THE SYSTEM OF FLOW-REGULATING FOREST STRIPS
The article presents the results of isolinear mapping of granulometric composition, humus content and soil density. The features of the physicochemical properties of the soil in the field of view are determined and the influence of the stock-regulating forest belt on the processes occurring in the soil body is established. Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the mutual influence exerted by the physicochemical properties of the soil on the formation of surface runoff in small catchments in the system of stock-regulating forest belts by comparing isolinear cartographic images. The relevance of this method is due to the ability to visualize the data of agrochemical analyzes in the required thematic aspect. Object. Laboratory studies were carried out on samples taken in the autumn period at the experimental site "Amphitheater" located at the end of the southern part of the Volga Upland, between the beams that border the station from the south and north: Pakhotina and Grigorova. Materials and methods. The study is based on the study and comparison of isolinear images compiled in the Surfer 11 program according to laboratory analysis of particle size distribution, humus content, soil density and coordinates of sampling points. The analysis of the particle size distribution was carried out according to the Kachinsky method modified by Dolgov and Lichmanova. Analysis for humus was carried out according to Tyurin in Nikitin's modification with spectrophotometric termination according to Orlov and Grindel. The soil density was determined using the cutting ring method. Results and conclusion. When analyzing and comparing isolinear images, it was found that at the object of study, the predominant soil difference is sandy loam, with the exception of the bottom of the slope, where the soil is represented by light loam, passing with a decrease into medium loam. According to the cartographic image of the spatial distribution of humus, its content in the central part of the study object and in the lower part of the slope in front of the forest belt is minimal, while under the forest belt the humus content is much higher. Analysis of the cartographic image of the soil density made it possible to identify a pattern and establish that a high soil density is observed under the forest belt and corresponds to a sandy loam soil type with a significant humus content, relative to the center of the study object and the lower part of the slope, where there is a decrease in density with a transition from light loamy to medium loamy soil type. Thus, the importance of stock-regulating forest belts in their influence both on the physicochemical properties of the soil and on the surface runoff is undeniable. Long-term observations and the analysis carried out confirm the revealed dependence of changes in the physicochemical properties of the soil within the forest belts.