PHYTOTROPHIC PARASITIC MYCOBIOTA LANDSCAPE AND RECREATION PARK OF REGIONAL VALUE OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA "BITAK"
The aim of our work is to study the composition of phytotrophic obligate parasitic micromycetes on the territory of the landscape recreation park of regional value "Bitak". The herbarium specimens of parasitic fungi on higher plants were collected during the vegetative seasons of 2018-2019 using a detailed-routing method in plant communities. The collected material was processed using the common method [3-13]. The nomenclature of micromycetes corresponds to the international databases, such as: «Fungal Databases», «Mycobank» and «Index fungorum» [14-16]. As a result, we found 168 species from 139 genera and 42 families and two divisions (Pinophyta and Magnoliophyta) of higher vascular plants have been registered on the territory of the Bitak landscape and recreation park of regional value "Bitak" Simferopol district of the Republic of Crimea, which is 6.6 % of the 2536 species of the Crimean flora. The leading families of higher plants by the number of species are Asteraceae, represented by 28 species, Poaceae 22 species, Lamiaceae 18 species, Fabaceae and Rosaceae by 12 species, respectively. Together, these families make up 55.7 % of the total number of plant species in the Park. The remaining 37 families of higher plants in this protected area include 59 species. As a result, we found 29 species of studies from 14 genera, 8 families, 5 orders and 4 classes of parasitic fungi belonging to the 3 divisions of fungi and fungi-like organisms. 5 species of parasitic fungi of plants were revealed, first recorded for the Piedmont Crimea. The highest number of genera (6; 46.2 % of total number) and species (16; 55.2 % of total number) are recorded in Basidiomycota division. The division Ascomycota is represented by 6 genera (46.1 % of total genera number) and 12 species (41.3 %). The Oomycota division - 1 genera (7.7 %) and 1 species (3.5 % of total species number). We observed species of fungi listed on the representatives of the 14 families of higher plants (division Magnoliophyta - 12), mostly Dicotyledons (Magnoliopsida) class - 2 families; Monocots class (Liliopsida) represented by three families - Asparagaceae, Poaceae and Cyperaceae. Phytopathogenic fungi are registered on representatives of the 28 best nutrients from 14 families. The most affected families are Rosaceae (8 species of fungi) and Poaceae (6 species), accounting for 48.3 % of the total number of parasitic fungi found in the park. The frequency of occurrence of phytotrophic parasitic micromycetes according to the Gaas scale was determined and the most common pathogens of plant diseases were indicated. The information obtained is of high mycological interest, since it is theoretically important for understanding the processes of fungi migration within the natural zones of the Crimean peninsula. Also, it allows us to solve the problems of phytotrophic parasitic of fungi arealogy.