Modern aspects of the etiopathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (Review literature)
In the article, the author analyzed the pathogenetic association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with such risk factors as obesity, insulin resistance, excessive consumption of fat and fructose, the state of the intestinal microbiota, genetic predisposition, and hormonal levels. The article describes the initial theory of "two hits", which cannot fully explain the pathogenesis of NAFLD. In recent decades, many experiments have shown that the intestinal microbiota and gum acids play a key role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Now with the development of technology (especially GWAS), more and more studies have focused on genetic predisposition and have found different variants of genes that alter lipid and sugar metabolism in the liver, as well as in other tissues.