DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR MONITORING THE STATE OF THE WATER-SOLUBLE BASE OF A HYDRAULIC STRUCTURE TO PREVENT AN EMERGENCY
This paper describes a new method for monitoring the state of water-soluble bases of hydraulic structures. The purpose of this work is to develop a method for monitoring the state of water - soluble bases of hydraulic structures to prevent an emergency. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the main cause of emergencies at hydraulic structures is the dissolution and removal of rocks in the base. Currently used control methods do not provide a sufficient level of efficiency for timely detection of the source of an emergency situation and conducting anti-karst and anti-suffusion measures. The developed method makes it possible to detect zones of intensive erosion of the rocks of the base of a hydraulic structure at the stage of linear sustainable development, or at the beginning of the stage of nonlinear sustainable development of an emergency situation. The method for monitoring the state of water-soluble GTS bases provides for qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the development of an emergency situation. The qualitative indicators include the authors ' proposed risk factor for erosion of the base rocks θ and the criteria for the dangerous state in terms of the volume of voids in the base K <sub>1</sub> and K <sub>2</sub>. Quantitative characteristics of the emergency described by the authors in the volume forming the t voids in the time interval Δ V , mass m made of a substance, the time of formation of the critical mass of PU-quencies tкрит, the dynamics of changes in the volume of voids and the direction of the suffusion process) . The application of this method for monitoring the state of the water-soluble base of hydraulic structures provides for the creation of new measuring instruments that will allow obtaining information about the ongoing filtration processes in real time. The use of the proposed control method in the decision support system for emergency prevention will help determine the time before the base deformations occur, warn about possible precipitation of the dam body, get timely information about the source of the emergency and prevent the destruction of the GTS.