Experimental models of radiation-induced cystitis in laboratory animals (literature review)
Over the past 20 years, there has been a trend towards an increase in cancer morbidity in most states, in particular in the US and Russia, for a number of localizations, for example, prostate cancer, uterus, rectum and bladder cancer [6]. These localizations require radiation therapy at least as a part of multi-modal approach, or, quite often, as an independent method of treatment. However, frequency of acute radiation cystitis, according to current publications, after irradiation of the pelvis, remains high 5 to 80% for 100 days)/ Frequency of late radiation complications, which can occur from 3 months after the end of radiation therapy up to 20 years ranges from 5 to 50% [1, 2, 4, 5, 8]. There is a need for randomized, controlled trials to determine standards in the treatment of this formidable complication of radiation therapy. Models of radiation-induced cystitis in animals are being developed to study possible ways of treatmentб but they are either not easy to reproduce, do not imitate treatment regimes in humans to full extent, or cause unnecessary suffering to experimental animals [18]. Authors suggested new model of radiation-induced cystitisclosely resembling regimes used in real patients [7].