Simplifying the structure of the third and fourth degree forms in the expansion of the Hamiltonian with a linear transformation
We consider the canonical diﬀerential equations describing the motion of a system with one degree of freedom. The origin of the phase space is assumed to be an equilibrium position of the system. It is supposed that in a suﬃciently small neighborhood of the equilibrium Hamiltonian function can be represented by a convergent series. This series does not include terms of the second degree, and the terms of the third and fourth degrees are independent of time. Linear real canonical transformations leading the terms of the third and fourth degrees to the simplest forms are found. Classiﬁcation of the systems in question being obtained on the basis of these forms is used in the discussion of the stability of the equilibrium position.