The impact of changes in the transport and logistics industry on human resources
In the context of the development of logistics and transport, human resources that are used in territorial entities of different scales are of particular importance. At the same time, the process of organizing Russian logistics centers is due to the presence of a shortage of highly qualified personnel, which affects the prospects for the development of the road network and transport and plans for the reconstruction of existing facilities. The authors note the expediency of using human resources in the context of the transport and logistics industry, since this creates the prerequisites for a socially responsible business, since this procedure applies to the entire supply chain. The article argues for the need to use two models of logistics organization, in which the status of the labor force is a crucial issue. The first model is based on high skills, information technologies and modern standards that are required for advanced logistics. The second depends on low product prices and competition, which leads to lower wages and working conditions. The authors prove the use of information technologies that make it possible to organize a single integrated logistics system for all subjects of labor use, where human resources must be qualified, trained and for which a retention strategy is used. The authors have identified the reasons for the lag in the development of the transport and logistics sector: the lack of effective training programs; the lack of trained and motivated personnel, the presence of a low-productive team-team; failure of delivery times, insufficient level of service and incompetence of personnel. The analysis showed that on average, 27.4 % of the average number of employees annually left the enterprises of the transport and logistics industry, which indicates that their employers are not in demand, and, as a result, the emergence of unemployment in local labor markets. The authors recommend a model of using human resources based on labor productivity growth, which is predetermined by a decrease in the share of operating costs and depends on the logistics competencies of human resources, since it is aimed at eliminating gaps in the most important technological chains. The article substantiates the need to take into account the institutional environment and working conditions that affect the satisfaction of human resources, the need to develop a system of training, retraining and advanced training of personnel, conducting trainings and transferring expert experience of leading countries, which will contribute to the creation of important logistics facilities that could play a decisive role in the coordination of intermodal operations.