The combined effect of ionizing radiation and toxicants
The data of domestic and foreign literature on the study and study of combined radiation-chemical lesions are analyzed. The probability of the occurrence of victims with combined radiation injuries under various scenarios of nuclear and radiation incidents is noted. The data on the degree of elaboration of the problem, modern approaches to the clinic and diagnosis of this type of pathology are given. It is noted that the main attention of researchers was directed to the study of radiation-mechanical and radiation-thermal lesions. In the study of combined radiation-chemical lesions, most studies consider them as the interaction of ionizing radiation and chemical warfare agents. At the same time, many industrial toxicants are characterized by a synergistic interaction with ionizing radiation and mutual weighting of a lesion. The possibility of the occurrence of combined radiation-chemical lesions as a result of the joint action of ionizing radiation and carbon monoxide is substantiated. The nature of the mutual influence of ionizing radiation, radioprotectors and antidotes of carbon monoxide in the modern literature is almost not covered. It is likely that the use of radioprotectors can aggravate carbon monoxide intoxication. The necessity of further study and study of lesions caused by a combination of radiation and chemical (including carbon monoxide, as a quantitatively predominant toxicant during fires) factors have been substantiated. It is important to study the effectiveness of radioprotectors for the course and outcome of combined radiation injuries when used together with carbon monoxide antidotes and to assess their impact on the outcome of this pathology in order to improve the anti-radiation protection system.