SPREADING AND DEVELOPING OF ERYSIPHE GRAMINIS AND SEPTORIA NODORUM IN SOWINGS OF SPRING GRAIN OF SPICATE CROPS UNDER INFLUENCE OF BASIC SOIL CULTIVATION
The influence of measures and depths of basic soil cultivation on the development and spreading of Erysiphe graminis and Septoriosis (Septoria nodorum) in grain sowings of spicate crops in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine was studied. It was found that changing of plow into surface tillage led to the level increase in spreading of Erysiphe graminis in sowings of spring wheat by 7.2%, and its development by -4.4%. A similar tendency was observed in sowings of spring barley. The level of spreading and developing of Septoria nodorum in wheat crops, on average, over three years, in variants with subsurface tillage under different depths was 20.4 and 10.8%, barley - 20.0 and 13.4%, and these indicators increased in wheat crops by 6.0 and 6.2%, and in barley crops by 9.8% and 6.4% respectively under surface tillage. The depth of cultivation also had an impact on spreading and developing of Erysiphe graminis and Septoria nodorum. Thus, spreading of Erysiphe graminis in wheat crops increased by 4,5% and by 4,1% in barley sowings under decreasing of plowing depth from 25-27 to 15-17 cm. The growth of spreading of Erysiphe graminis was less noticeable under decreasing in the depth of surface tillage.