EXPERIENCE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES IN CREATION AND DEVELOPMENT INNOVATIVE CLUSTERS
The article summarizes the positive experience of various countries on the impact of innovative cluster structures on the socio-economic indicators of the region, determined the role of public and private structures in the organization and development of cluster formations. In particular, the experience of countries such as the American clustering model was studied, in which large clusters were formed in high-tech areas, where 97% of all patents issued in the country are located, 87 thousand companies, dozens of research centers, and a number of large universities are located. The experience of European countries such as Great Britain, France, Germany, Finland, the Netherlands, Denmark and other countries that have achieved significant results in sharing opportunities, sharing knowledge and experience, efficient technology transfer, building sustainable partnerships and disseminating information between participants of this organizational and economic form of management. The features of the organization of innovative cluster structures of Japan, China and the Russian Federation are studied. Most often, innovation clusters are created in the areas of human activity of increased demand for knowledge - electronic technologies, computer science, space industry, electronics and aircraft industry. A number of recommendations for the creation of industrial innovation clusters in the Republic of Tajikistan at the regional and sectoral level are proposed.