TO THE QUESTION OF THE OBJECT OF VIOLATION OF TRAFFIC RULES UNDER THE CRIMINAL LEGISLATION OF RUSSIA
Introduction: In accordance with the main provisions of the state program of the Russian Federation «Ensuring public order and combating crime», one of the main tasks is to ensure the safety of road users. At the same time, the number of traffic offenders remains at a high level, which poses a threat to public safety. In this regard, the legislator establishes liability for violation of such rules in criminal and administrative legislation. In this study, an attempt was made to analyze the objects of crimes provided for in articles 264 « Violation of traffic rules and vehicle operation», 264(1) «Driving a vehicle while intoxicated by a person subjected to administrative punishment or having a criminal record» and 264(2) «Violation of traffic rules by a person subjected to administrative punishment and deprived of the right to drive vehicles» of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Aim: to identify the objects of crimes provided for in articles 264, 2641, 2642 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and to distinguish between the rules providing for administrative liability for traffic violations. Methods: The methodological basis of the study is represented by a combination of general scientific and particular scientific methods of scientific knowledge, which include systemic, logical-legal, statistical methods. Results: It is concluded that it is by the object of the illegal act that the legislator distinguishes between violations of traffic rules provided for in the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Violations and in Article 264 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. In this case, the act is criminalized according to the importance of the object, which was eventually damaged. And the criminalization of acts reflected in articles 2641 and 2642 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is based on the protection of public relations in the field of road safety with a high probability of causing harm to other most valuable objects of criminal law protection. Conclusions reflect the need for further in-depth and comprehensive scientific research of objects of violations of traffic rules in order to optimize the current domestic legislation.