THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF TEACHERS IN A MULTICULTURAL CRIMEAN REGION: PAST AND PRESENT
The peculiarities of the professional training of teachers in the Crimean Region, as the specific historic multicultural region, are described in the article. Following periods of the development of the professional teacher training are characterized in the article as well: I The professional training of teachers in the Crimean region in the Russian Empire (1783-1921): 1.1. 1783 - 1802. -The professional training of teachers was carried out at the level of ethno-confessional educational institutions by selecting of the most able pupils; 1.2. 1802 - 1832. - The classic school and county schools, on the basis of which the first national offices and classes would be soon created, were initiated by the government; 1.3. 1832 - 1860 - The subordination of Taurida province and its educational institutions to Odessa educational district; the expansion of the network of the educational institutions which were contributed to spread the Russian language among the multiethnic population of the region; the creation of Taurida eparchy as a prerequisite for the development of the spiritual pedagogical education; 1.4. 1860 -1881 - The formation of the system of pedagogical education in Taurida province: 1) the spiritual and secular government and county, as well as national educational institutions were opened at that time; 2) the improving of the organization, structure and content of existing teacher training institutions could be observed in this period as well; 3) on the local level some new forms of improving of teachers qualification were proposed in Taurida province; 1.5. 1881 - 1921 - It may be characterized as the stage of the development of teachers education in Taurida province which was carried out under the hesitation of the government between the conservative and the liberal direction of reforms in education and teachers training, including the training of the teachers coming of “heterogeneous (otherwise; not Russian) nations” II. The development of the professional training of teachers in the Soviet Crimea: 2.1. 1921 - 1944 - The beginning of the development of professional pedagogic education in the Soviet Crimea. Two processes, one of them was the process of drawing of the native nations to educational process, the other one was the process of ideological complexion of education, became the main features of the professional pedagogic training. 2.2. 1944 - 1954 - The Crimea was transferred to the Soviet Ukraine. Professional pedagogic education was strengthened by means of liquidation of so-called “teachers` institutes”; it could be observed the increasing of significance of pedagogical and psychological disciplines. 2.3. 1954-1991- A new conception of multicultural Soviet school was created at that time: the conception which was called as “the channel of national -Russian billinguism”. III Professional training of future teachers in the Crimea which was included in Independent Ukraine (1991 - 2014) - national schools and classes were created in which the process of teaching was carried out with the help of national languages; at the same time, the process of teaching of Russian, which was (and now is) the language of majority of the people, was sharply reduced. IV Professional training of the teachers in the Crimea in modern period (2014 - till present days) - The Crimea became a part of Russian Federation. A new conception of forming of harmonic personality, who loves his (her) “big” and “small” Motherland, is developing in the Crimea now.