ETHNOLOGICAL EXPERTISE AS ELEMENT OF ENSURING RIGHTSOF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE NORTH, SIBERIA AND THE FAR EASTIN CONDITIONS OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORTH OF RUSSIA
The article discusses the features and practice of ethnological expertise in the primordial living environment of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East. Considering that the development of mineral resources in the northern and arctic territories of Russia has now become the main activity of oil and gas producing and energy companies, the problem of preserving, further developing and ensuring the rights of indigenous peoples living in these territories is actively discussed in the expert community. The author examines the legal basis for providing ethnological expertise, international standards of legal regulation of this issue, and analyzes the experience of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which have it. An attempt to identify the positive aspects and risks for having ethnological expertise is made, and the problem of the opposition of indigenous peoples to the results of such examination is also analyzed. The author concludes that it is necessary to adopt a federal law on ethnological expertise and introduce related changes to federal and regional environmental legislation. The reasons for the distrust of indigenous peoples to the results of ethnological expertise are identified, as well as a possible solution to this problem is presented.