DEVELOPMENT OF A RATIONAL SYSTEM OF BASIC TILLAGE OF FODDER CROPS ON HIGHLY SALINE SOILS OF THE WESTERN CASPIAN REGION OF DAGESTAN
Abstarct. The article presents the results of a field experiment to study the adaptive potential of alfalfa and elongated wheatgrass on highly saline soil, depending on different methods of basic tillage. It was found that the most favorable agrophysical indicators were observed on the crops of elongated wheatgrass, on the variant with plowing by 0.2 m with additional loosening of the underlying soil layer. The least contamination of crops was noted on plots with elongated wheatgrass. So, according to the variants of the experiment, the amount of weed vegetation in this case, in comparison with alfalfa, was 30.9; 16.8; 19.2; 14.7 and 33.8% less. Comparative data between the experimental variants on the amount of weeds showed that when plowing by 0.2 m, their number compared to the control in alfalfa and elongated wheatgrass was 34.0-41.1% less. In the case of loosening by 0.2 and 0.3 m, an increase in the clogging and raw mass of weeds was recorded. Studies have also shown that on highly saline soil, the highest yield was provided by elongated wheatgrass, the increase with alfalfa data was 19.0%. The studied forage crops formed the maximum yields of green mass on the variant with plowing by 0.2 m plus additional loosening of the underlying soil layer.