VARIETY OF APIANPOLLINATORS OF FRUIT CROPS IN THE WESTERN CISCAUCASIA
The problem of insufficient knowledge of fruit crops apian-pollinators, in particular of solitary bees, is being analyzed in the article. Species of apian-pollinators have been defined including 52 species belonging to 6 families. Among the apians, which were registered on fruit crops, the most numerous in all agroclimatic zones were 10 (19,2 %) species: Andrena flavipes, A. haemorrhoa, A. nana, A. tibialis, A. nitidiuscula, A. suerinensis, Osmia rufa, Eucera curvitarsis, Bombus agrorum and Apis mellifera, which are the main pollinators. 4 species of fruit crops pollinators were the dominantones in the central zone of Krasnodar Region (Andrena flavipes, Osmia rufa, Bombus agrorum, Apis mellifera - 57,1 %), the group of mass pollinators was represented by 3 species (Andrena haemorrhoa, A. nana, A. nitidiuscula - 28,6 %). 4 species were belonged to the dominant group in the Western delta zone (Andrena flavipes, Osmia rufa, Bombus agrorum, Apis mellifera - 52,2 %), 5 species of pollinators were the most common (Andrena haemorrhoa, A. nana, A. tibialis, A. suerinensis, Eucera curvitarsis - 43,5 %). 3 species of pollinators dominated (Osmia rufa, Bombus agrorum, Apis mellifera - 42,9 %), 5 species were the most common Andrena flavipes, A. tibialis, A. nitidiuscula, A. suerinensis, Eucera curvitarsis - 47,6 %) in the Southern foothill zone. Amount of solitary and honey bees far exceeds the quantity of insects from other orders. For 3 years of studies the average registered of solitary bees was 35,5 on marked brunch, as well as honey bee - 32,4 and only 5,6 insects of other orders on pollination of anapple tree. Respectively on pollination of a cherry tree the amount was 53, 41,4 and 5,6 individuals. There were no difference of years of studing and the days of flowering and the quantity of pollinators of apple and cherry trees. The difference between groups of pollinators is significant (32,6 % for apple and 87,2 % for cherries). The quantity of apian-pollinators in the garden varies according to the day of flowering, it also depends on series of abiotic factors - temperature, humidity, time of a day, velocity and wind direction.