STRUCTURE-SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF THE INDIVIDUAL-AUTHOR STYLE OF W. BLAKE: STABILITY AND VARIABILITY
An analysis of an author's metaphors provides with important data regarding an individual style of an author, as well as the features of the author’s conceptosphere reflecting the author's intellection. Research studies of a metaphor in dynamic enable to follow an evolution of an individual style, while an analysis of a metaphor in works of different genres is able to single out their differentiate and integral features. This article focuses on the analysis of the individual style of Wiliam Blake, one of the most influential poets of the English literature of the XIX century, based on the analysis of the author's metaphor. The research material includes literary works of two genres: lyrics and poems, which are defined by the author as "Prophetic Books" that fall into early and mature works. In our research a metaphor is defined according to the tradition in cognitive linguistics as comparison of a concept-target with a concept-source. In the article, patterns of implementation of the most frequent concepts in the conceptosphere of Blake are singled out. In order to determine implicit tendencies of compatibilities of concepts in metaphors, the differentiate analysis is carried out. The frequent concepts are analyzed in the following groups: anthropomorphic concepts (which represent a human in metaphors), non- anthropomorphic concepts (which represent environment in metaphors) and concepts reflecting human activity (the concepts Social and Existence). As a result of our research, the following tendencies characterizing the evolution of the individual style of Blake are singled out. On the one hand, the poet continues his tendency to combine anthropomorphic and non- anthropomorphic concepts-targets with non- anthropomorphic concepts-sources. On the other hand, one variation of this model becomes reversible: non-anthropomorphic concepts-targets are systematically combined with anthropomorphic concepts-sources, defining partial turning point to comprehending of the macrocosm with the help of the microcosm. Social an Existence become new frequent elements of metaphors. This emphasizes the shift of the author's attention from relationships of a human and environment (in early works) to comprehending the society, politics and the problems of life and death (in mature works).