Anatomy of the waste recycling industry
The paper analyses the experience of several countries in creating a waste recycling mechanism and its elements; it also reveals the barriers that Russia needs to overcome to create a national system for the disposal of the withdrawn from service equipment (WFSE). The proposals for the first stage of developing this system are given. The purpose of the study is to analyse the existing waste recycling system in Russia and abroad, to reveal the essence of the problems hindering the creation of a resource-saving, environmentally-oriented system for the disposal of the withdrawn from service equipment in Russia. The use of practical principles of the waste recycling system has already led to the rapid development of production and widening the range of goods in the leading countries. But at the same time, previously urgent problems have worsened. The reduction of renewable natural resources and the deterioration of the planet's ecology due to changes in its landscape, resource extraction and growing volumes of production and consumption waste (referred to as waste) are particularly critical problems on the way to developing the waste recycling industry. As part of the work on the agricultural machinery fleet disposal issue, research members of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering centre VIM analysed the state of the equipment fleet and the agro-industrial engineering service. Studies have shown that the service life of more than half of the main types of equipment (tractors, combine harvesters, etc.) exceeds 10-12 years. Its owners dismantle about 52 % of withdrawn from service equipment without the specialised engineering services and appropriate technologies. The analysis of the structure of the disposal system for the withdrawn from service equipment (WFSE DS) has shown that the main emphasis in the development of the disposal system should be made at the first stage of handling the waste from the removed equipment. One of the primary objectives is upgrading the agro-industrial repair and maintenance base (RMB) to the level where the circular economy could be employed at all stages of technical support of machines, including equipment disposal. For solving the disposal problem, it is recommended that a pilot project be developed and implemented within an industry, not even in the entire industry, but in a specific region with a relatively effective repair and maintenance base. It could reduce costs associated with the organisational, technological and information complex of the disposal system and shorten the time for obtaining results. The results can be replicated in other regions and industries in a short time.