ENTEROSORBTION AS A METHOD OF GENERAL DETOXICATION OF THE ORGANISM IN COMBINED MYCOTOXICOSIS OF ANIMALS
As a result of the intensification of technological processes in agricultural production, the risk of pollution and accumulation of xenobiotics of various origins in the production of livestock, which, while retaining their toxic properties, fall into the organism of animals and poultry by feeding chains. Reduction of the effects of toxins on animals can be achieved through enterosorption. Substances, that have this ability, include natural aluminosilicate minerals - bentonites and preparations on their basis. During experiments the method of enterosorption was studied in combined mycotoxicoses with the help of natural aluminosilicate minerals and preparations based on them: alkaline earth bentonite of the Kanteminovsky field; nontronite - a glandular variety of montmorillonite; thiononitrite-S-complex preparation, which includes nontronite and sodium thiosulfate.A study of the efficiency of the preparations was carried out on laboratory rats fed for two weeks with food containing spores of fungi Aspergillus nidulans, Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Penicillium, as well as mycotoxins - fumonisin B1, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin, zearalenone, the total content of which exceeded the maximum permissible levels.Experimental groups of rats got sorbents to the feed at the rate of 2% to the weight of the ration. It was found out that the use of preparations from the group of natural aluminosilicate minerals to laboratory rats against the background of chronic combined mycotoxicosis helps to reduce the toxic load on the body, which is manifested by an improvement in the clinical state of animals. Normalization of morphological and biochemical factors of blood was noticed: the number of erythrocytes in rats of experimental groups exceeded the parameters of control analogues by 7,2%, 12,5% and 11,8%, and hemoglobin exceeded by 7,9%, 15,4% and 13,9%, respectively; the concentration of cholesterol in the experimental groups was above control by 17,6%, 11,8% and 35,3%; the dynamics of decrease in the activity of transferases was in 1,52, 1,64 and 2,86 times for alanine aminotransferase and in 1,35, 1,32 and 1,69 times for aspartate aminotransferase, respectively in groups. A decrease in the degree of endogenous ("metabolic") toxicosis has been proved. At the same time, in a comparative aspect the most pronounced therapeutic effect in mycotoxicoses was in thionotrite-S.