Influence of the Blue and White Nile on the Urban-Ecology of Coastal Urbanized Territories of Khartoum
Тhe article describes the problem of the influence of the Blue and White Nile to urban-ecology of coastal urban areas of Khartoum (Republic of Sudan), taking into account of the local climatic features in the urban planning of Khartoum. The factors in the formation of urban-ecology and microclimate of Khartoum are presented. Assessment of the current state of the microclimate of the coastal zone is made. The article states that in order to study the effect of the Blue Nile and White Nile, an in-situ observations and measurements at coastal territories were conducted, which proved that the microclimate in residential areas, located on the coast, depends on its density and nature of the relief. In addition, measures are proposed for effectively improving the contributions of the Blue and White Nile on the rate of change of urban land areas in changing the microclimate of the city. Comes to light that in urban development air temperature is much higher, and humidity is lower, than in a coastal zone especially during the summer period, it is caused by physical distinctions of properties of water and sushi. It is connected with the fact that water possesses a bigger thermal capacity, the high reflecting ability, promotes increase in speed of wind and increase of humidity of the air masses passing over her. The control of the microclimate in this work is based on the introduction of advanced technologies.