AGROECOLOGICAL MICROMYCETE CHARACTERISTIC IN THE SOIL
The soil biota, the main component of which is the fungal microflora, was considered. On the basis of previous studies we found that the fungi in the soil contains more than one hundred thousand species, the most important of them are given the agroecological characteristic. The pathogenic representatives are dedicated, which are disease of crops that have a direct and indirect impact due to the accumulation of mycotoxins in the soil. Micromycetes role in the decomposition of plant residues and humus formation process is noted. The paper indicates the value of fungi in the decomposition of lignin, cellulose, fat and other complex compounds. Particular attention is paid to the description of mycorrhiza, which represents a symbiosis of fungi with the roots of higher plants. It noted its positive impact on agricultural production. The effect of different kinds of tillage on the development and species composition of fungal microflora is considered. In addition, it has been analyzed, the mother's characteristics influence of mineral and organic fertilizers, as well as the means of chemical protection. In their application increases the activity of fungi in arable horizon. On the basis of studying the effect of fungicides on soil fungi found that under certain conditions they are able to suppress the development of microscopic fungi and adversely affect the development of mycorrhiza. It is given a general biological characteristics of actinomycetes, as they occupy an intermediate position between fungi and algae. The influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on their activity in the soil is presented.