Formation of analytical and synthetic operations in younger schoolchildren in the process of working with textbooks
The article deals with the issues of formation at a qualitative level of skills and abilities to work with a textbook, its content, texts of various forms and directions. The necessity of formation of analytical-synthetic mental operations for this purpose among younger schoolchildren is substantiated. Based on the results of an experimental study and the identification of an insufficient level of formation of analytical and synthetic mental operations in younger students, a complex model was developed based on the structure of N.N. Svetlovskaya. The importance of changing the role of the teacher and the requirements of the standards of general education of the third generation in the context of the implementation of the model is emphasized. The model presented in the study provides for differentiation by years of study and stages of work with the text of textbooks in the process of implementing the methods proposed by the content in lessons of different types. The control stage of the experimental work showed an increase in the share of high and medium levels of formation of analytical and synthetic mental operations among the respondents, which allows us to draw a reasonable conclusion about the effectiveness of the implemented model of working with textbooks.