Odontometric features of the structure of the second molar of the upper jaw, depending on gender
Aim. To study and analyze the odontometric features of the structure of the second molar root system depending on gender. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study. Each image examined the number of roots and root canals, L roots and root canals of the second molar of the upper jaw in men and women, in the age range from 21 to 45 years. Results. In men, as well as in women, the structure of the second upper molar with three roots prevails, however, the second molars of the upper jaw with two roots in men were found twice as often as in women. Four-rooted teeth are found only in males. The average length of the roots in a man is longer than in women: mesio-buccal by 1.17 mm, distal-buccal by 1.44 mm, palatine by 3.38 mm. When describing root canals, the presence of three root canals prevails in both men and women. Four canals occur at the second upper molar in (36.7%; n = 11) cases. Five-channel teeth are found only in (3.3%; n = 1). The average length of root canals in men is longer than in women. Conclusion. There are signs of sexual dimorphism. The greatest gender differences were observed with the variability of the anatomical structure: the number, length, location of the roots and root canals.