Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of the Labor Force in Russia and Asia
Relevance. The labor force is the leading factor of production and a structural element of the material subsystem of the economic system. The reproduction of the labor force goes through four phases: production, exchange, distribution, consumption. These phases can be analyzed based on quantitative and qualitative characteristics specific to each phase. In particular, it is possible to conduct a comparative analysis of the production phase on three important characteristics, namely, the demographic situation, changes in economic activity in the population structure, changes in the gender and age composition of the population, comparing the efficiency of the labor production phase and its use. In this regard, the study of the specifics of labor production through the analysis of quantitative and qualitative characteristics is an relevant direction. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the feasibility of using reproduction characteristics of employment for the purposes of macroeconomic analysis, in particular for the comparative effectiveness of different phases of labor reproduction, which makes a significant contribution to achieving positive economic growth. Objectives. The importance of the labor force is determined by its contribution to the national product produced. The macroeconomic parameters of the functioning of the economic system depend on the characteristics of the reproducible labor force. Hence, one of the objectives of the study presented in this article is to analyze a number of characteristics of the labor force in the production phase. The second objective of the study is the comparative comparison of selected characteristics of production phase of labor force namely, demographic situation, economic activity of the population, gender age structure of labor force in Russia and some Asian countries. Methodology. General scientific methods were used in the study: methods of structural and comparative analysis; methods of statistics. Results. On the basis of the study, the following main results were obtained: the features of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the labor force in the production phase in Russia and Asian countries such as China, Japan, North and South Korea, Mongolia, India, and Indonesia were studied; a grouping of countries was carried out from point of revealing positive or negative dynamics for the proposed characteristics over a long time period. Conclusion. According to all the characteristics of the produced labor force, a favorable situation is observed in the economies of China and South Korea. Positive dynamics in two parameters can be observed in Japan (economic activity of the population and gender and age composition), and in Indonesia and the DPRK-in the demographic situation and economic activity of the population. One positive parameter is noted in the Russian economy - the economic activity of the population, and in India -the demographic situation. Thus, Russia is not among the leading countries in terms of these characteristics of the production phase of labor force. SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT