THE ELEMENTS OF YIELD FORMULA AND QUALITY OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT GRAIN DEPENDING ON CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE UST-PRISTANSKIY DISTRICT OF THE ALTAI REGION
Under current economic conditions, it is necessary, on the one hand, to increase the yield of agricultural crops per unit area, and on the other hand, to tend to the production of ecologically clean products which is possible without pesticide application only. The environmental component of spring soft wheat grain production should be also taken into account. The research goal was to compare the elements of the yield formula and grain quality of spring soft wheat of the Granny variety depending on the cultivation technology under the conditions of the Ust-Pristanskiy District of the Altai Region. The studies were carried out on the farm of the peasant farm enterprise KFKh Trufanov A.A. in 2019; the experimental field was in 2.5 km away from the village of Ust-Charyshskaya Pristan. The territory belongs to the warm, insufficiently moistened agro-climatic area of the Altai Region. The sum of active temperatures during the growing season is 2200°C; the amount of precipitation is 225-250 mm. Two variants of spring soft wheat cultivation technology were studied: 1) no application of fertilizers and plant protection products and no mechanical tillage (organic technology); 2) with the application of fertilizers and plant protection products (intensive technology). The use of intensive technology of spring soft wheat cultivation (Granny variety) with the use of fertilizers and plant protection products in the Ust-Pristanskiy District increased the yields by an average of 0.93 t ha as compared to the organic cultivation technology. The reason was increased indices of most yield formula elements. The use of intensive cultivation technology also had the best effect on the quality of the obtained spring wheat grain.