Functional and semantic characteristics of interrogative verbs in the Khakass language
In the article, from the functional and semantic positions, verbs with the meaning of the question in the Khakass language are considered, which are one of the semantic subgroups in the lexical-semantic group of verbs with the meaning of speaking. According to our information, in the Khakass language, taking into account synthetic and analytical formations, there are more than 20 verb units. The purpose of the article is to identify and describe the lexical-semantic and functional features of verbs with the meaning of a question in the Khakass language. The material for the analysis was data from translation dictionaries and text sources of Khakass fiction and journalism, collected by the method of continuous sampling. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that, despite the existence of works on certain issues of the lexical system, at the present stage in the lexicology of the Khakass language there are many untouched problems. Verbs with the meaning of a question denote the speech process / utterance of the subject in order to obtain information of interest from the addressee. Our research has shown that these verbs in the Khakass language, as in other languages, reflect both one-act and multi-act speech impact on the addressee. In a sentence, they control the positions of the target and the object. The addressee, as a rule, is expressed by a name with the general concept of "person". The position of the object - content - question, depending on the semantic features of the verb, is characterized by different semantic content. Most of the Khakass simple and complex question verbs come from one common Türkic root сур- «1) ask; inquire ...». The most diverse semantic and structural expression is received by multi-act verbs of the question, which, in turn, in combination with auxiliary verbs, like complex verbs, express various shades of multi-act actions - situations of questioning. The pragmatic competence of statements formed by verbs with the meaning of a question includes an informal setting of the speech process, close distances, more often equal relationships between communicants, one of which encourages the other to communicate (answer).