The effectiveness of the combination of flame-retardant intumesce coatings for steel constructions
Introduction. Steel constructions are one of the most widely used and rational types of constructions for buildings and structures of various functional purposes. As advantages in comparison with constructions made of other materials, their high load-bearing capacity, industriality, ease of installation are noted. One of the disadvantages is low fire resistance. A common way to increase the fire resistance of metal structures is considered to be the use of fire protection products, the experience of which has been developed for many decades. However, as practice and the results of fire tests show, it is quite difficult to obtain a stable and reliable result using such fire-retardant systems. Goals and objectives. Analysis of work on the creation of effective flame retardant technologies. Development of formulations of thin-layer bulging coatings, taking into account their use as protective layers of combined flame retardant systems. Evaluation of the characteristics of the resulting foam layers of the developed coatings. Conducting a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of combined technologies of intumescent fire protection. Methods. The research was based on experiments conducted in a firing furnace, with the possibility of isothermal or dynamic radiation heating of the surface of a steel sample up to 1000 °С. The installation makes it possible to study the properties and structure of the expanded layer of flame-retardant coatings and their thermal insulation ability under unilateral thermal exposure. Thermoelectric converters were used to measure the temperature on the unheated surface of the sample. Results and discussion. The conducted analysis of the works testifies to numerous studies in this direction. The development of intumescent systems is of great interest. In the course of the research, the authors have developed various formulations of thin-layer flame retardant coatings, as well as their combinations based on innovative chemical technologies for steel constructions, taking into account the availability and manufacturability of the raw materials used. The results of studies on the evaluation of the thermal insulation ability of the developed foam systems have shown that the fire-retardant effect due to the combination of various swelling coatings can be increased by 30 % or more. Conclusion. A new scientific direction has been formed related to the creation of combinations of bulging flame-retardant coatings for various construction structures. The establishment of various options for the combination of the use of fire-resistant coatings opens up wide opportunities for the creation of effective protection of various building materials and structures from the effects of fire.