THE DEVELOPMENT OF POULTRY FARMING IN RUSSIA UNDER MODERN ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
Economic sanctions against Russia by unfriendly countries amid relevant counter-sanctions and restrictions are an impetus for increasing the volume of poultry meat production. The poultry industry is able to realize these opportunities in the shortest possible time due to intensive poultry growth, higher yield of production per production area unit, low feed costs, quick return on investment and optimal loan repayment periods. Poultry meat production (in slaughter weight) in farms of all categories of the Russian Federation in 2021 amounted to 5.0 million tons, which is 8.2% more than in 2016. The share of poultry meat in the total production of all types of meat was 45.5%. Poultry meat production per capita increased to 34.2 kg, while its consumption reached 34.3 kg, which is 10.6% higher than the recommended rational norm of 31 kg. The main producers of poultry meat - industry leaders are large agricultural holdings and industrial-type poultry enterprises (poultry farms), which include a complex of agro-industrial, financial, management units that implement a single corporate strategy and provide a complete closed technological cycle along the chain: "production - processing - logistics - sales". The share of these organizations (TOP-10) in 2020 accounted for 3470 thousand tons. or 56.0%, and in 2021 - 3567 thousand tons. or 57.3% of industrial production of broilers for slaughter in live weight. In the Orel region, in 2021, in farms of all categories, according to the preliminary data, 26.3 thousand tons of poultry meat or 36.3 kg per person were produced. The level of self-sufficiency of the region in poultry meat is 117%. The basis of modern technologies for the production of poultry products is the concept of maintaining the "Single Health" of humans, animals and birds in a complex and constantly changing environment. The reserves of production efficiency were identified and measures of state support for the industry in modern economic conditions were developed.