The influence of soils on the growth and development of agricultural crops
In the process of growth and development, cultivated plants synthesize dry matter with the removal of mineral nutrition elements from the soil. First of all, the root-inhabited soil layer should be rich in elements of mineral nutrition, and their economic removal as a result of alienation, as a grown crop, requires the return of these elements back to the soil in order to increase its fertility and ensure the productivity of the upcoming crop. The purpose of the research is to evaluate soils with additional components in the first periods of the life of field crops. The research was carried out under artificial conditions in a phytotron and in a Smart greenhouse of the BGAU with peas, spring wheat and oats. In the control variant with increased acidity of the soil, oats (57.0%), spring wheat (37%), and peas (32%) differed with the highest productivity and survival of plants. The addition of zeolite to the soil soil increased the productivity of peas by 34%, spring wheat - by 27%, oats - by 24.0%. The introduction of phosphogypsum into the soil soil increased these indicators by 38, 31 and 30%, respectively. The most effective option was to enrich the soil with defecate. The increase in pea plants was 44%, spring wheat - 36%, oats - 34%.