CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CLAY OF THE CHELYABINSK REGION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CERAMIC BUILDING MATERIALS
The article describes general regularities of the impact of the clay raw materials chemical composition on the quality of construction ceramics. Mineral composition of raw materials is the importance factor for its appropriate application in the production of building materials. The raw material base of the Chelyabinsk region has been studied, the main deposits have been identified. The mineralogical composition of the clay raw materials of the main deposits of the Chelyabinsk region has been studied with the help of X-ray phase, thermal and chemical analysis. With the help of X-ray phase analysis, the qualitative mineralogical composition of the samples has been determined. According to the obtained thermal analysis data, the quantity of basic clay mineral (kaolinite) is counted with the help of stoichiometric equations, and the crystallization temperature of mullite is identified. The quantities of impurity oxides have been found by means of chemical analysis. Direct dependence of the mullite production temperature on its quantity in raw materials has not been revealed. Therefore, the need for knowledge about the structure of raw materials is important. On the basis of the data obtained, conclusions were drawn on the diversity of the clay composition presented in the region, the individual approach to clay processing technology in the production of building ceramics and the need to develop a control system for the properties of ceramic products based on understanding the composition and structure of clay raw materials.