MODERN LABOUR MARKET IN RURAL AREAS OF RUSSIA
The article is devoted to the study of labor market issues in the Russian rural areas. The purpose of the study lies in the identification of characteristic labor market trends in rural Russia at the modern stage of economic development. The research uses the statistical data from the Federal State Statistics Service and the Local Agency of Federal State Statistics Service of the Republic of Bashkortostan, as well as the authors’ own sociological research materials and the study of other specialists’ findings in this sphere. The scientific novelty of the research involves the analysis of the labor market in rural areas from the point of view of its significance for the rural economy. Based on the survey findings, the paper describes the structure of activity categories, and the rural labor market functioning and development conditions and factors that are not reflected in the statistical data. Special attention is given to the issue of efficient self-employment, based on self-development, particularly, such family business patterns as household farming and other small farming enterprises. The authors justify the need for defining the basic strategies for human potential use and its development in rural areas. In conclusion it is stated that the rural areas’ sustainable development is hardly possible without an effective employment of the population, thus it is becoming one of the most important factors in political and economic security of the areas. The main causes of labor migration in rural areas can be explained by the fact that many young people prefer pendulum, shuttle and cross-border migration. The research findings can be applied in both of the federal and regional political spheres in scientific research and development of labor migration and labor market functioning.