GENE EXPRESSION PROFILE IN DIFFERENT HISTOLOGICAL SUBTYPES OF TONGUE SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA.
Currently, tongue cancer retains a leading position in the overall structure of head and neck malignant tumors incidence, and at the same time has a clinically unpredictable prognosis, differential for different histological subtypes of this disease. Accordingly, the identification of new prognostic factors is an important research area. These factors include the transcriptomic characteristics of tumors, which determine the features of pathogenesis in each specific histological subtype. Therefore, the aim of the research was to study the gene expression profile in various histological subtypes of tongue squamous cell carcinoma using bioinformatic and molecular approaches. At the first stage, a bioinformatic analysis of databases was carried out. The main stage of the study was performed on 300 patients with locally advanced malignant tumors of the tongue. The values of the relative expression of 23 genetic loci identified at the stage of bioinformatics analysis were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Changes in the expression of 14 genes (MMP-1, MMP-11, CA-9, PTHLH, MMP-9, LAMC-2, MMP-3, ANX-A1, MT-ND6, CRNN, MAL, TGM-3, IL1RN and CLU) in tumor relatively normal tumor tissue, while the expression profile had significant heterogeneity in a number of biological samples studied. This made it possible to isolate 3 groups from the total sample of patients, differing in gene expression. These groups corresponded to the basaloid, acantholytic and usual histological subtypes. Thus, the study made it possible to identify a number of molecular markers of the tongue squamous cell carcinoma that are differential for 3 histological subtypes of this disease.