Metabolic monitoring and nutritional support in prolonged mechanically ventilated (MV) patients. Clinical guidelines
Malnutrition among mechanically ventilated (MV) ICU patients is a common problem. Severity of malnutrition is closely correlated with duration of MV, length of ICU- and hospital-stay, rate of infectious complications, poor outcomes and increased costs. Clinical guidelines are devoted to the key principles of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) syndrome in prolonged mechanically ventilated ICU patients. Main principles of indirect calorimetry are presented in accordance with MV peculiarities. The choice of methods for diagnosis and correction of PEM is based on studies evaluated from the endpoints of evidence-based medicine. The key quality criteria for treatment, as well as algorithm of anesthesiologist-reanimatologist during prolonged MV are presented in the applications.