DEVELOPMENT OF MULTICOMPONENT SORBENTS BY THE SIMPLEX-LATTICE METHOD
Purpose. Investigation of sorption characteristics of the multicomponent compositions based on black coal, boiler slag and sawdust for utilizing them as sorbents in the elimination of consequences of emergency spillages of chemically hazardous substances. Methods. Determination of the sorption capacity of materials by the gravimetric method in static conditions of the experiment. The simplex-lattice method of mathematical planning of the experiment for optimization of the composition of sorbents, the statistical method of analysis and processing of the experimental data, the graphic method of construction of the “composition-characteristic” triangle diagram. Results. The benzene sorption capacity of boiler slag, long-flame gas coal and sawdust and their two- and three-component mixtures in the static conditions of the experiment has been determined. The non-complete tertiary polynomial model has been chosen for description of the “composition-characteristic” analytical dependence of the multicomponent sorbents. Based on the experimental data the coefficients of the given polynomial have been derived, and the model of the analytical description of the “composition-characteristic” dependence has been obtained. The adequacy of the obtained polynomial model has been tested and confirmed by Student’s t -test. The “composition-characteristic” triangle diagram has been plotted for the investigated sorption compositions according to 69 point positions that correspond to the calculated values of the sorption capacity. Scientific novelty. The benzene sorption capacity of the multicomponent sorbents based on long-flame gas coal and industrial wastes, i.e. boiler slag and sawdust, has been investigated for the first time. The polynomial model of the “composition-characteristic” dependence has been obtained and tested for calculation of the optimal component composition of a sorbent and for the construction of the “composition-characteristic” triangle diagram. Practical value. The opportunity to select the optimal composition of the natural sorbent applying the simplex-lattice method of the experiment planning has been demonstrated. The plotted “composition-characteristic” triangle diagram allows promptly conducting a search for fields with the optimal compositions of sorbents taking into account the cost of the original materials and possibilities of the regional raw material base. In addition the opportunity of the graphic interpretation of results is preserved without the extensive and expensive experiments and the following data processing.