Categories “Public” and “Private” in the Constitutional Law of Russia
The paper considers the categories “public” and “private” from the standpoint of the theory of constitutional law, identifies the main aspects of their legal nature, as well as their potential for determining the essence and correlation of other legal phenomena, the study of which is an urgent task of constitutional law. The categories “public” and “private” are studied from the standpoint of constitutional axiology and on the basis of the formal legal foundations of their consolidation in the constitutional legislation of Russia. On the basis of the indicated categories, the author examines the correlation between such concepts as “rights of the people” and “human rights,” the legal regime of “common goods,” in particular land and other natural resources, from the standpoint of “public” and “private;" people and characteristics of individual self-expression. As a result, it is concluded that the “public” and “private” can become an effective toolkit in the study of various fundamental categories of constitutional law; with their help, it is possible to determine the essence of legal phenomena, relationships between them and the setting of priorities in lawmaking and law enforcement.