ABOUT SPEECH MEANS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ILLOCUTION OF PROHIBITION IN DESCRIBING SECURITY SITUATIONS (on the material of Russian and German )
The article deals with the speech means of implementation of the illocutionary of prohibition in the description of security situations in the Russian-and German texts of the speech genre "fairy tale". The authors consider the fairy tale as narrative, folklore, believable depicting reality, a work of art about fictional people and events with the participation of magical and fantastic forces. The choice of this genre is conditioned by the necessity of the theoretical comprehension from the standpoint of the speech act theory. According to this theory the basic idea of speech communication is not a statement, but the fulfillment of certain actions or speech acts, which serves to achieve the goal with regard to its implementation. The illocutionary act is always purposeful and correlated with the communicative intentions of the speaker. The study showed that the prohibition is presented in the classification of speech acts as a directive speech act of prohibition or as a prohibitive speech act in the composition of directive acts, and as an independent speech act. In this study, the prohibition is considered as a kind of a directive speech act. It plays an important role in regulating of any activity and in describing security situations. As a result of the research the authors come to the conclusion that in the Russian-and German texts of the speech genre "fairy tale" the prohibition is realized by purposeful choice of the sender of the text of the fairy-tale forms of an imperative mood in the second person singular in a negative form. And only in German texts - forms of modal verbs in a negative form.