Anatomy of an internal vertebral venous plexus and its applied importance
On materials of basic morphological researches the structure of an internal vertebral plexus is considered. It is shown that it consists of two departments - forward and back, each of which through system of avalvulvar intervertebral veins is reported with an external vertebral venous plexus. The main distribution collector of blood in an internal vertebral plexus are veins of its forward department. The data on interrelations of the spine veins with sine of a firm brain cover, the veins of internals and veins of the lower extremities are given. The internal vertebral venous plexus should be considered as the environments of a spinal cord (a venous case) providing humoral communication in a system: a spinal cord - covers - a spine column, and causing its integrity and communications with other extravertebral veins. Further applied the clinical value of data about functional characteristics of an internal vertebral plexus on the example of such heavy complications as bleedings, a varicosity, metastasis of malignant tumors, distribution of purulent processes, aseptic cicatricial and commissural epiduritis, a catheterization of epidural space. The reasons of each of complications are analyzed, and the list of the basic researches of their studying is given. Much attention is paid to the analysis of modern foreign literature. The reasons of bleedings are: the intraoperative injuries of veins of the vertebral canal and spontaneous hematomas in case of congenital angioma, new growths, thrombolytic therapy or venous hypertensia. Varicosity of veins of the vertebral canal arises in case of chronic thromboses, sharp narrowings or an underdevelopment of the inferior vena cava. Veins of a spinal column can be the ways of metastasis of tumors from different organs to a spinal column, and from it to the venous system of a skull and vice versa. Availability of numerous anastomosis with veins of other systems causes development and distribution of purulent processes in epidural space. Along with a purulent epidurit quite often arises also aseptic cicatricial and commissural epiduritis. And, at last, taking into account the features of a structure of an internal vertebral venous plexus reasons for the equipment of a cateterization of epidural space are given.