FEATURES OF TRANSLATING INTERNATIONAL WORDS WHEN TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Introduction. This article considers various types of relations in direct nominative meanings of words, in particular, through examples of the lexeme «idea». Using specific examples from Russian and English, an attempt was made to trace some types of semantic relations between etymologically identical international words, connections of these relations with semantic and syntactic compatibility of these words, their emotional-evaluative and expressive-stylistic coloring, grammatical categories and synonymous relationships in the system of two comparable modern languages. The translation of pseudo-internationalisms can confuse even experienced translators, distorting the meaning of a statement. In this article, we attempted to address some common mistakes that may occur when working with such vocabulary, find out reasons for their occurrence, and also find ways to avoid them. Methodology. During the study, a set of methods was used: the study and analysis of literature on the research topic, direct and indirect observation; expert assessment, self-assessment. Results. The authors give examples when words that completely coincide in the literal sense diverge in the possibilities of figurative use. In particular, a word that in one language is used only as a scientific or industrial-professional term, in another language, along with terminological use, can be used in figurative speech, acquiring a new meaning in a new contextual environment. The authors came to the conclusion that different meanings depend on the semantics of words with which a word is directly combined and on the context in general. Conclusion. It is proven that the most important source of interlingual semantic differentiation of words of common origin lies in the very nature of the semantic structure of the semantic content of a word as a unit of a particular language. The semantic content of a word is influenced by its contextual and synonymous connections, which usually vary from language to language.