Hygienic characteristic of pollution of industrial soils and household wastes
In this article during the conducted researches it is established that the main sources of pollution of soils in the Atyrau region are the industrial wastes of the enterprises of oil production and oil processes including chemical reagents, drilling mud fluid, boring slime, sewage boring, oil slimes and crude oil. Besides, one of the main reasons for an adverse ecological situation of the studied area remains impurity of the city and its vicinities industrial unauthorized household and other wastes. The actual question for the region is the cleaning of the territory of the large inhabited places of municipal solid waste which is carried out unsatisfactorily. There is an acute shortage of special transport, garbage containers and container platforms. At the same time, the condition of a radiation situation in the studied region demands systematic monitoring. Because of potential dangers of distribution of radionuclides from abnormal sites of pollution in environment, and also radioactive infection of underground waters and an emission of radionuclides from underground cavities on a land surface. The huge territory is polluted by the stiffened sulfur and toxic agents - products of burning of the open fountain of gas and oil. Also there is a pollution by sulfur dioxide - one of the most toxic components of industrial pollution of the environment. Moreover, high concentration of such heavy metals as lead, zinc, copper and iron are characteristic of this region. High impurity oil and oil products leads to a degradation of a soil cover, violation of a geochemical structure of the soil, destruction of a biogeocoenosis. Also in article interrelations between the content of oil products and concentration in them heavy metals in system the soil and the soil plant are considered. At the same time sources of literature have noted positive correlation between accumulation of heavy metals in the soil and receipt them in plants. Genetic consequences of impact of the heavy metals on a human body which are contained in oil and oil products such as lead, zinc, copper and iron are especially dangerous.