On the Issue of Ensuring Fire Safety of Enterprises Textile Industry
The research is devoted to the study of the fire-hazardous properties of textile materials and the development of recommendations for ensuring fire safety of production processes and storage of raw materials, finished fabrics and products from them. A method for determining the oxygen index is given, which is used for a wide range of materials, including fabrics made from cotton, linen and polyester fibers, in order to identify conditions under which textile materials lose their ability to burn. Based on the conducted studies, the rate of tissue burnout was calculated for experimentally determined values of the oxygen index. The data of thermal analysis of the specified objects of research are presented to identify the features of the thermo oxidative destruction of fibrous materials in high temperature conditions with access to oxygen in the air. It has been experimentally proved that woven materials and products made from them are easily ignited, burn quickly with the release of a large amount of smoke, which is due to the structural features of natural cellulose fibers, which ensure the presence of a large amount of oxygen in the fiber pores and the presence of air voids, which results in the possibility of burning without air access. The presence of a synthetic component in the fabric accompanies burning by fall of melt droplets, which is an additional source of flame propagation. The results obtained are of interest from a theoretical and practical point of view, since the data on the fire-hazardous properties of textile fibers and materials make it possible to predict the development of fire and improve fire-fighting measures at textile industry enterprises.