Excess Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Russian Regions Against the Backdrop of the Country
The object of the study is the excess mortality of the population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. on a regional scale. The problem of excess mortality in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is widely analyzed in domestic studies. At the same time, coverage of the problem at the regional level in scientific publications is not enough today: the issue of the causes of excess mortality requires study, taking into account the individual "contribution" of mortality rates for the main classes of diseases to the regional aspect. The aim of the research is to identify the scale of excess mortality in Russia in the regional context in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, taking into account the “contribution” of the main types of diseases. General logical and analytical methods, methods of statistical analysis and empirical research, and a cartographic method were used as a methodological basis of the study. The information base of the paper was publications in periodicals and the Internet, demographic statistics data from Rosstat, statistical data from the Coronavirus-Control.ru website (Coronavirus Control), Yandex. Coronavirus: statistics. The complexity of the analysis of regional statistical information lies in its subjectivity for a number of indicators, which include the deaths cases from COVID-19, mortality, the proportion of deaths from coronavirus disease in the structure of total mortality. Among the main reasons that determine subjectivism, it is possible to single out the method of calculation and the efficiency of providing information by the regions. It should be noted that the results obtained in the study are preliminary due to the limited statistical base used. Excess mortality is one of the important resulting indicators, leveling the difficulties and shortcomings of the operational registration of the deaths associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and its indirect consequences. Excess mortality in 2020 (calculated using the 5 yearly moving average method) was recorded in 82 out of 85 Russian regions. The result of the work: in the course of the study, indicators of excess mortality were calculated in the regions of the Russian Federation both in general and for the main types of diseases. To visualize the obtained regional data, they were mapped. Based on the regression analysis performed, the paper determined a close relationship between regional indicators of excess mortality from all causes of death, from the main types of death causes, and those who died from COVID-19.