GENRE SYNTHESIS IN UKRAINIAN AND RUSSIAN LITERATURE
The article deals with genre synthesis as the fifth degree of division which are sort, form, genre, genre variety, genre synthesis and its types as specific unities modeling art qualities of works and uniting their structures into systems. Some literary critics consider that there are three degrees - sort, form, genre while others speak about four which are sort, form, genre, genre variety. The aim of that article is to prove the use of the fifth degree which is genre variety or genre modification using the examples of Ukrainian and Russian literary. The author refers to N.Kopistjanskaya’s idea that genre modification can become the next level after genre variety. The article gives definite characteristics of the four types of the genre synthesis: inner-sort, inter-sort, crossing of literary and non-literary genres, genre formations appearing at interrelation of literature and other kinds of art. In the inner-sort type the novel tends to modifications and synthesis being an open dynamic genre. According to their synthetic structure the author of the article differentiates between novel-ballad, novel-chronicle, novel- legend, novel-essay, novel-pamphlet. Synthetic characteristics are defined in the following novel- ballads: R.Ivanichuk’s Mallows, L.Pervomaiskiy’s Wild Honey, Y.Bondarev’s Hot Snow. Synthetic elements of novel-pamphlet are defined in V.Vinnichenko’s It’s Your Turn, Stalin!, I.Erenburg’s Julio Jurenito. We have specified synthetic characteristics of stories-sketchers by A.Storozhenko The old man of Mezhigorie, Kondrat Bubnenko-Shvydkoj, Prokop Ivanovich and I.Bunin’s Cossacks on a Tour, tragic comedy by M.Kulish Folk Malachite and Flight by M.Bulgakov. It was proved that inter-sort type of genre synthesis is closely connected with the development of fable culture in Ukraine. Borrowing of plot schemes, artistic devices, elements of compositional structure of folk genres by the fable led to the appearance of genres synthesis “fable-fairy-tale” and “fable-saying”. The W proofs are justified by references on the works by P.Gulak-Artemovskij, E.Grebinka, L.Borovikovskij, I. Krylov. The peculiarity of the novel in verses (in a large text epic way to depict life through the system of events and detailed plot are united by subjectivity which is characteristic for poetry) is shown in Pushtorg and Arctic by I.Selvinskij, B.Pasternak’s Spektorskiy and Marusya Churaj by Lina Kostenko. Crossing of literary and non-literary genres is demonstrated in Testament by Shevchenko, A.Pushkin’s Testament to Kukhelbeker and Grace Cup, Toast by N.Voronoj. 65 Вісник Запорізького національного університету № 1, 2016 Synthesis of literary genres and other arts is shown in poem-symphony Skovoroda by P.Tychina, poem- requiems Funeral of a friend by P.Tychina, Requiem by Anna Akhmatova, Requiem by R.Rozhdestvenskij. Classical components of numerous news are identified in The Enchanted Desna by Dovzhenko, Red Viburnum by V.Shukshin.