FORMATION OF NATURAL SCIENCE STUDIES IN CHECHNYA IN THE 1920S
The article makes an attempt to highlight the processes of organising science in Chechnya in the 1920s. The considered period is the most important in the history of Russian science because the foundations of a new system of its organisation were established. This was of particular importance in previously backward regions, national suburbs, including in Chechnya. Here the rise and development of science proceeded in two directions: a) expeditions activity of research institutions and universities of the country for studying the region; b) creation of own scientific base. The research expeditions, which were mostly of an applied nature, provided invaluable assistance in developing a set of measures and scientific recommendations for the restoration and development of the region's economy and social sphere and creating research institutions. From the very beginning, the science of the region was mainly oriented to the development of sectoral research. It was placed at the service of the main branch of the region - the Grozny oil industry, as well as cultural construction. The study of oil and its products, the search for oil and gas deposits were a priority in the structure of science throughout the entire study period. In addition to studies on oil and gas, research and experimental work on agriculture, geology, biology, medicine, chemistry, etc. were conducted in the region. In addition to sectoral scientific institutions, natural science studies were carried out within the university science sector.