Application of iron-based intermetallic compounds in various industries and environmental safety when using them
This article discusses a number of metallic compounds, called intermetallidami, which has a number of useful properties and activities of environmental safety in their use. The relevance of such alloys is very great. Due to the fact that environmental problems are increasingly, and Earth resources run out sooner or later, use the intermetallic compounds are very profitable. Intermetallic compounds can replace many expensive and environmentally harmful substances. That is why such interest are intermetallic compounds in research. Intermetallidami called the chemical compounds of two or more metals. Among the wide variety of intermetallic compounds based on 4f-metals and 3d-metal from a practical standpoint, the greatest interest are iron-based connection. The most common way to obtain the intermetallic compounds is Fusion components. Structural types are considered intermetallidov. To phases include Lavesa over 1000 different intermetallic compounds. The most common intermetallic compounds with a structure similar to the structures of pure metals, plotnejshie cubic and hexagonal granecentrirovannuju, as well as cubic ob'emnocentrirovannuju. On education itermetallida not decaying melting indicates the emergence of a peak on the chart, "Temperature-composition system" (state diagram), obtained through the cooling curves. The chart also allows you to determine the chemical formula connection. Lists the system Fe-Al and Fe-Pt are marked with unique properties that are different from the intermetallidov source properties of metals, including anticorrosive and antifriction.Some iron intermetallic compounds show good catalytic properties: FePt, Pt<sub>3</sub>Fe-in the reactions of benzene hydrogenation, dehydrogenation of cyclohexane and isopropanol.Catalytic activity of Pt<sub>3</sub>Fe in the reaction of cyclohexane dehydrogenation activity above Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Pt considered the best catalyst in these reactions. Al<sub>13</sub>Fe<sub>4</sub> connection is obtained, which has shown high catalytic activity in the reaction of ethylene and acetylene in becoming predlagajushheesja for the replacement of Palladium catalyst in the production of polyethylene.