FEATURES OF RATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL USE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF ACCUMULATED ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE
Rational nature management includes assessment and compensation of environmental damage to the owner of natural resources, which is possible only within the updated three-dimensional boundaries of its infliction. Objects of past environmental damage at the regional and municipal levels prevail, the risks and impacts of which are poorly studied and carry the potential of local secondary negative impact. The article analyzes the issues of rationality of nature management during the accumulation of past environmental damage. Attention is drawn to the paragenetic nature of the economic and environmental components of the degradation of biosphere objects, where the suffering party is not a cadastral land plot, but a changing ecosystem, which in the concept of sustainable development is the main object of management. However, past environmental damage is often characterized only as a payment for pollution and lost natural resources, which is not enough to prevent or eliminate it. The use of a risk assessment model for the development of specific microflora at sites of past environmental damage under conditions of a long cycle of soil resistance makes it possible to formulate effective solutions to stimulate the self-healing of zonal geosystems, including the neutralization of heterogeneous waste water disposal systems from heavy metals.The interrelation of natural-economic systems and the damage caused by them, their interaction with the economy and the environment at the municipal level are discussed. Rational use of natural resources in these conditions often develops with a conflict of interests between the agrarian and mining complexes.The article outlines the main directions of the systemic fight against objects of past environmental damage at the most massive (municipal) level. The connection of municipal resources to the elimination of objects of past environmental damage will optimize the ecological renovation of territories. The methodology for the rehabilitation of technogenic geosystems, including standard remediation solutions, is only a tactical means of eliminating objects of past environmental damage. The strategy of truly rational nature management consists in the development and implementation of the Concept of preventive prevention of the formation of objects of past environmental damage. Typical measures for the rehabilitation of land resources of natural and economic systems are aimed at increasing their market value, providing in general an increase in the natural potential of disturbed territories. The proposed recommendations affect not only compensation for harm, but also the motivation to stimulate the elimination of objects of past environmental damage. The originality of the author’s solution to the problem of past environmental damage consists in assessing the accumulated environmental damage only within the changed part of the geosystem, and not within the entire considered cadastral site.