Public Policy of Telework Management: Experience of Russia and the USA
The relevance of the research into the issue is determined by the need to develop a state policy in the field of telework management (distance employment). The paper presents an analysis of the practice of state management of telework in the United States of America based on a study of the norms of legislation (Telework Enhancement Act), as well as annual reports submitted to Congress. In the article, general and special scientific methods such as systemic, comparative legal, formal logical, statistical, and others were applied. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the Russian Federation is taking the first steps in the field of managing telework, while in the United States, a comprehensive state policy has been formed and implemented since 2010. The telework state policy includes the development of legal acts, allocation of authority among state and municipal bodies, measures to encourage the creation of remote jobs, the organization of accounting, control and supervision of telework. The implementation of an effective telework state policy has a positive effect on employers, employees, society and the environment. The positive economic effect for the state and government is reduction in operating costs, increase in work efficiency and reduction of staff turnover. For employees, distance employment leads to a reduction in stress and an increase in job satisfaction. The effect for society and the environment is reflected in an increase in the level of public safety, a reduction in the traffic load, pollution of the environment, and energy saving.