DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEME OF A MULTIFUNCTIONAL SEEDING MACHINE
Currently, the vast majority of agricultural producers in the Southern Federal District with a total area of arable land up to 50-70 hectares. three main crops are cultivated, namely grain ears, usually winter wheat, and row crops - corn for grain and sunflower. Grain crops are sown in the usual ordinary way, and row crops use the dotted method. These key agrotechnological features lead to the need to use different sowing machines equipped with different types of sowing machines. Since the vast majority of agricultural producers of the Southern Federal District with a total area of arable land up to 50-70 hectares do not use monoculture in the structure of crops, this leads to a low annual load of these seeders. This, through deductions for depreciation, maintenance service and repairs inevitably affect the final self-the cost of products. It should also be noted that often, due to the high cost of sowing machines, small agricultural producers are not able to purchase the required agricultural machinery, in addition, this is most often not economically feasible. The use of hired machines does not allow sowing within the specified agrotechnical deadlines, which significantly reduces their productivity and quality indicators. The use of specialized seeders leads to an increase in metal capacity and multi-marking in the farm. This problem can be solved by using a multifunctional seeding machine (MSM). This will make it possible to abandon the use of specialized seeders and perform sowing of grain and row crops with the same machine, carrying out conversion to a specific crop. We have described the design scheme of the MSM and the principle of its work. The article also presents a technical result of the development and the method of its achievement