NON-CHEMICAL (BEHAVIORAL) ADDICTIONS: TYPOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND CLASSIFICATION ISSUES
The article examines the discussion points of typology, diagnosis and classification of non-chemical addictions (NA). Common mechanisms in the development of non-chemical and chemical addictions, their clinical, psychological and neurobiological characteristics are shown are described. Examples of modern classifications of NA are given. Prospects for including a series of NA (e.g., pathological gambling, Internet addiction) in the DSM-5 and ICD-11 are separately discussed. The conclusion is made that in order to develop standardized approaches to the treatment of NA, it is first necessary to determine which of NA is a nosological entity (i.e., a disorder), according to the criteria of the ICD and DSM, and on this basis to conduct evidence-based studies of the effectiveness of various therapeutic methods.