MESOTHELIUM OF PLEURA AT INJURY AND NEOGENESIS WAYS (REVIEW)
The morphofunctional state of mesothelium allows to evaluate its regenerative ability. Mesothelial cells and extracellular matrix play a regulatory role in the compensatory-adaptive reactions of the pleural cavity. Mesothelial cells at pleural injury lose their inter-cell connections, are separated, take the morphology of fibroblasts and cover the surface of pleura. Mesotheliocytes create numerous factors and cytokines mobilizing the movement of inflammatory cells into the pleural cavity. The inflammation of the pleura can take a chronic course: there happens granulation scarring, fibrinogenous layers are subject to organization on the surface of the lung and on the parietal pleura. In the end, there is a thick, rigid wall of the residual cavity created, scarry walls, pneumosclerosis and pneumocirrhosis of the adjacent part of the lung are formed. The reaction of pleura mesothelium after the injury is a multiple-factor process under which there can be coagulation, the formation of adhesions with the development of fibrosis and a subsequent obliteration of the pleural cavity.