THE SYSTEM OF CHANNELS IN THE AGRI-FOOD MARKET MOVEMENT AGRICULTURAL RAW MATERIAL AND FOODSTUFFS
The article discusses approaches to formation of the system of channels of agricultural market of agricultural products, raw materials and food at realization of export and import. This research allowed to come to the conclusion that the implementation is the continuation of the process of production, the effectiveness of which depends on scientific and reasonable choice of the channel of sales of products, raw materials and food in domestic and foreign food markets. The aim of this study is a comprehensive analysis of the structure of government of the agricultural market of sale of products, raw materials and food for the benefit of agricultural producers. Using the method of comparative analysis, the author proved that the agrarian food market in General is a system of markets in areas that qualify according to the forms and functions. Agro-industrial complex and its basic industry - agriculture are leading strategic spheres of the economy of the country, forming the agricultural market as a multichannel system, which are considerable difficulties sale of agricultural products, raw materials and food. Proceeding from this position the subject of this research is scheduled to hold an analysis of the system of channels, to identify and address bottlenecks on the way of movement of products, raw materials and food, as it is at this stage of production discrimination of rural producers processors and various kinds of intermediaries, imposing them disadvantageous economic relations. Such relationships violate the equilibrium state purchasing demand and supply and lead to the ruin of rural producers, bankruptcy and financial crises. Significant impact on the market price have monopolistic competition and monopoly in the market that are always set and retain high monopoly prices for agricultural products, raw materials and food, deprived always be their producers, the costs of which for their production in the final price are almost 2/3 of its size, and attributable to them a part of the price, on the contrary, sometimes is less than 1/3. The market price of agricultural products depends on the channel of its implementation, the main of them is the canal that contains all of the processing organizations - packing plant,dairy, animal feed, sugar, canning, flour and cereal plants, organization of wholesale trade and shops own retail trade. Through this group of channels is implemented by the main mass of agricultural products. In the whole Russian Federation in 2011 was sold 42,4 million tons of grain, 4,6 million tons of sunflower seeds, 29,9 million tons of sugar beet, 2,6 million tons of meat of all, 11,8 million tons of milk and 28 billion pieces of eggs. But the most cost-effective channel for rural producers is to sell its products in processed form, as they themselves set retail prices for ready-made food products that make them the most profit, due to the fact that she belonged to them, and not trading organizations. The analysis of the system of channels of sales of products, raw materials and food showed that domestic consumption of part of the products of labor, seed, feed animals and poultry, as well as replenishment of direct revenues profit is not independent, but this channel is the most important in the production process, as it provides its new cycle of reproduction, and the result appears in the receiving of the new harvest, the meat of animals and birds in ascending amount, i.e. expenditures are being made now, and income after completion of the production cycle.