TECHNOLOGY OF FORMING THE CLUSTER STRUCTURE OF THE SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESS SECTOR BASED ON THE PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS METHOD
The article deals with the development of technology for the formation of the cluster structure of the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) sector based on the principal component method. The technology involves multiple application of principal component method for data, taking into account their decomposition: The data sources are the company’s balance sheet and the report on financial results. The proposed data analysis technology includes six stages: preliminary formation of initial data for analysis; formation of a refined sample and its decomposition taking into account the sections of the balance sheet and their articles; next, there are three stages of data analysis by the principal component method on the samples obtained from the decomposition results; the formation of an integral sample, a truncated integral sample, and their analysis by the principal component method. The structures of the SME sector in different feature spaces are identified. It is shown that they are polarized. The characteristics of the constructed clusters are formulated Squares-clusters are constructed for a truncated integral sample of enterprises, and the risk of crediting enterprises of these quadrants-clusters is estimated, taking into account their integral characteristics. The proposed technology is used to develop a system of information support for procedures for analyzing the financial condition of SMEs and making decisions about the possibility of lending to them.