Assessment of the level of individual oral hygiene before and after radiation treatment against the background of local treatment of mucositis
This study was performed in the framework of a large study of the Department of General and Clinical Dentistry of the RUDN University, conducted on the basis of the Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology. It is dedicated to assessing the effectiveness and determining the significance of the oral hygiene protocol in patients with malignant neoplasms undergoing radiation therapy.Materials and methods. From 2017 to 2019, 59 patients were examined in the Department of Radiotherapy of the Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology, including 48 patients who received radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharyngeal region (group I) and 11 persons who were somatically and stomatologically healthy (group II). All patients of group I had a morphologically confirmed diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma and received radiation therapy. Patients in group I were divided into 3 subgroups according to their age.All patients of groups I and II underwent an assessment of the state of the level of individual oral hygiene. Patients of group I were assessed before the start of the course and after radiation therapy. We used the following criteria: the Fedorov-Volodkina hygiene index, the quantitative assessment of microbial plaque and tartar with the Green-Vermillion index (OHI-S), the PMA index to determine the intensity of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Determination of indices was carriedout according to standard methods. In group II, the level of personal hygiene was assessed at the initial examination, as well as in order to monitor the implementation of recommendations.Results. In subgroups Ia, Ib and Ic, after the end of the course of antitumor treatment, the values of all indices decreased, despite the burdened somatic status of patients and complex severe antitumor treatment. The decrease of the PMA index was 16.21%, 14.09% and 16.75% in subgroups Ia, Ib and Ic, respectively (p<0.05). The Green-Vermillion index decreased by 58.87%, 56.15% and 43.77%, respectively (p<0.05). The Fedorov-Volodkina index decreased in all subgroups of group Ifrom 2.8 to 1.9, and in group II - from 2.02 to 1.24 (p<0.05).Conclusion. Hygienic measures in the oral cavity in patients with aggravated somatic status are extremely important in the prevention of complications in the oropharyngeal region. In addition, careful individual oral hygiene helps to reduce the intensity of clinical manifestations of oral mucositis and thus favorably affects the prognosis of the disease.