NORTH-WEST INFLUENCE ON THE HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL PROCESSES IN THE KIA-CHULYM INTERFLUVE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE BRONZE AGE
In the article on the data of archaeological sites of the beginning (pre-Andronovo) period of Bronze Age, situated in Kia-Chulym interfluves, it is considered interaction of population of this region with archaeological cultures, situated in the middle current of river Ob. Identified cultural complexes are related to ancient migrations. Kia-Chulym interfluves in whose territory archaeological sites, which we explore, are situated, occupies the western part of the Mariinsk-Achinsk forest-steppe, located at the junction of two types of landscape: mountain taiga and forest-steppe. The latitudinal strike of forest-steppe provided contacts between the population of middle current of river Ob (in the West) and population of middle current of river Yenisei (in the East). Cultural contacts between the North and the South carried by the rivers Kia and Chulym, that flow from South to North. There are ceramics decorated with prints of comb and pits discovered in the archaeological sites of Kia-Chulym interfluves and dated as of the beginning (pre-Andronovo) period of Bronze Age. This pottery has no genetic precursors in the located here more ancient archeological sites. But at the same time it is full of analogies in materials of Bolshoy Lariak-I, II settlements of mid - third quarter of the 2nd millennium BC, located on the river Vakh (a right tributary of the river Ob). This pottery is the same in the settlement Samus IV and Tomskiy burial in the lower reaches of the river Tom, that allows to trace the path of the carriers of this ceramics to Kia-Chulym interfluves. The second cultural complex associated with the Stepanovskaya culture of the XVIII-XV Centuries BC (named after Stepanovo burial on the Vasyugan, left tributary of river Ob). This culture is characterized by pottery with an ornament in the form of horizontal or vertical, straight or wavy bands caused receding comb. These vessels were found by us on the settlement Ustie Kozhukha-1 on the river Kia (foothill of the Kuznetskiy Alatau). Analogies are known in materials of Samus IV site and Stepanovo burial. On these points the migration route is traced to south by the population preceding carriers of “comb-pits” pottery. The third cultural complex associated with the migration to the southeast of the population Samus culture existed in the XVI-XIII Centuries BC in Tom valley. In the Mariinsk-Achinsk forest-steppe, on the north bank of the Utinka lake was investigated the farthest South-East site of this culture, the Utinka burial.