THE SUGAR MARKET IN RUSSIA: THE CONDITION, THE PLACE IN THE WORLD MARKET, PROSPECTS OF THE FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY
The article contains the questions connected with a condition of production, consumption and the market in Russia, one of the major strategic products to which sugar belongs. The sugar as the ready-made product realized to the population for consumption and used as raw materials for production of other foodstuff define the importance of sugar industry in economy of Russia. Thus, sugar industry, plays huge role in ensuring food security of the country. Average per capita consumption of sugar in Russia is one of the highest in the world. In structure of consumption of sugar in Russia about 60% are the share of direct purchases, and the industry from which the greatest share is the share of the confectionery industry consumes only 40 %. Such structure of consumption sharply differs from the developed countries where from 60 to 70% of sugar is used in manufacturing enterprises for production of ready-made products that contain sugar. In article authors analyzed the state and prospects of production and realization of sugar in domestic market, and also export and import of sugar in a foreign market, noted that sugar import now so far considerably surpasses export. However import of sugar to Russia tends gradual reduction at the expense of increase in cultivated areas of sugar beet, increase of productivity and sugar content, to growth of capacities of the enterprises for production of sugar. One of problems in effective functioning of the enterprises for production of sugar is high prime cost and low profitability of production of sugar beet and sugar in farms of Russia. On the basis of the made analysis of indicators of production efficiency of sugar the enterprises of the Tambov and Lipetsk areas determine the reasons of low efficiency and the recommendation about its increase. To increase production efficiency of sugar in Russia it is necessary to increase and modernize first of all capacities, to expand production of sugar beet, to extend the seasonal period of work of the enterprises, without damage of quality and volume of production, to raise a skill level of the administrative and managerial staff and production workers. Authors noted that in Russia there are all opportunities of full import substitution as raw materials for sugar plants, and the product of sugar by full use available big reserves and effective formation of a sugar cluster.