THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH TO THE COMPREHENSION OF THE PECULIARITIES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
The article, based on an analytical review of research on the problem of cognitive development of the individual, describes an experimental program for studying this phenomenon. The emphasis is on studying the specifics of the cognitive development of first-year students. The authors consider it possible for themselves to conclude that philosophers were among the first to address the problem of the cognitive development of personality. Considering cognition as a person's ability to cognize the surrounding reality, representatives of philosophical knowledge also solved the most important issue of philosophy - the world is cognizable or unknowable and what is primary in the process of cognition - consciousness or matter. The authors summarized and analyzed the approaches of scientists to the interpretation of the term "cognition" (works by E. G. Azimova, L. I. Bozhovich, T. N. Korneenko, A. N. Shchukina, etc.), we tend to understand this phenomenon as specific activity due to social and historical practice aimed at acquiring and developing knowledge, deepening and improving it.