MATHEMATICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL MODELING OF THE EROSION LANDSCAPES
The identifying of characteristics of the landscape with regard to their belonging to various elements of the relief, the determination of the changes in time and space, the consequences forecast of natural-anthropogenic and anthropogenic impacts on geoecosystem are conducted as a result of the mathematical and geomorphological modeling of the landscapes subjected to erosion and the use geographic information for analysis of degradation. GIS modeling and mapping are carried out taking into account many-sided information from distributed and concentrated databases, high-resolution satellite imagery, space map and DEM. The authors developed a modified model of the system “Height - Shape slope - Length” in view of its reference to the center of mass. It was found that most of the slopes profile has the view of an S-shaped curve, which is described by the logistic function provided in normalized values with a high correlation coefficient (more than 0.995) h(l) = (100 - 5t)/(1 + 69.7 · exp((0.434 - 0.033t) · l + (2.59t - 35))) + 5t. where: h(l) - current height of a profile, %; 69.7 - coefficient determining the position of the mass center system “Height - Length - Shape slope”; 0.434 and 0.033 - factors that determine the shape and incline of the curve; l - the width of the profile section,%; t - the period of normalized time. At that, digital models of status and dynamics of relief in connection with the geocoded information, and the space images of the studied surface of allow to determine the spatial disposition, shape and topology of geoecosystems. Modeling of landscapes is the basis for identifying the existing erosion relief, as it reflects already established, for some time, situation, as well as when identifying stable relationships allows predicting the erosion state of such landscapes