Evaluation of Efficiency of New Anthelminthic Drugs at Parasitosis of Gastrointestinal Tract of Reindeer
Domestic reindeer herding is a traditional branch of nature management of the indigenous peoples of the Far North, Siberia and the Far East, an integral part of the national culture and life, historically contributing to survival in severe natural and climatic conditions. Therefore, its development is relevant not only from the economic point of view but also has a huge socio-cultural significance. Significant harm to the industry is caused by parasitic diseases. We first tested veterinary injectable anthelminthic drugs Ricazol and Monizen to combat helminthiasis of the gastrointestinal tract and their prevention in domestic reindeer. The experiment was carried out in reindeer farms of the rural settlement of Tukhard (left bank of the Yenisei River, Western Taimyr) from August 10 to August 23, 2016, on domestic reindeer of Nenets breed. Two groups of experimental animals (each group contained 25 head) were formed, each of which included 5 gender and age subgroups: calves, 1-year calves, adult male reindeer, adult female reindeer and adult deer-castrates. Previously conducted coprological surveys revealed the presence in the body of experimental animals of pathogens of ostertagiosis, nematodirus and moniesiosis with varying degrees of intensity and extensity of invasion according to the age and gender groups. Preparations were introduced at the rate of 1 ml per 20 kg of animal weight: Ricazol was injected intramuscularly; Monizen was injected subcutaneously in the middle third of a neck. In 10 days after application of the preparations, the organisms of deer were completely cleared from helminths. Analysis of the results of biochemical studies of blood serums of tested animals on the parameters of total protein, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase did not reveal the pathological effect of the preparations on the animal organisms, in comparison to the reference intervals of physiological norms. The conducted studies showed the effectiveness and absence of toxic effects on the body of selected anthelmintic drugs, previously not used in veterinary and preventive measures for parasitosis of the gastrointestinal tract of domestic reindeer.