Comparative Evaluation of Stability Coefficient of Dental Implants and Densitometry Depending on the Type of Bone Tissue
Introduction. Special literature has a significant amount of data describing changes in bone density in the process of dental implant ostointegration and inflammatory-destructive complications. At the same time, there is no comparison of the implant stability coefficient (ISC) and densitometry data depending on the types of bone tissue.The purpose of this work is to make a comparative analysis of the data on the stability coefficient of dental implants and densitometry depending on the types of bone tissue.Objects and methods. The study involved 87 patients without somatic diseases who were examined with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and performed delayed two-stages dental implantation. The type of jaw bone tissue was determined based on its density using the Hounsfield index. ISC was examined twice: immediately after the installation of dental implants and after 6 months.Results. Normal bone density corresponding to type I and II of bone tissue was determined in 54 patients. The average value of the mineral density of the jaw bones characteristic of type III bone tissue was found in 22 patients. A low mineral density corresponding to type IV was found in 11 persons.In 54 patients with dense cortical tissue the Hounsfield index value corresponded to 1300 Units, the ISC in the 1st study was 96.0 Units and after 6 months - 94.0 Units. The presence of a uniform cortical plate and spongy bone was found at Hounsfield index value of 850 Units. ISC in the 1st study was Units and in 6 months - 84.0 Units.In 22 patients with a well-developed spongy layer of bone, the Hounsfield index was 500 Units, the ISC in the 1st study was 85.0 Units and in 6 months-80.0 Units.In 11 persons who were diagnosed with the absence of a cortical plate and loose spongy bone, the Hounsfield index was equal to 380 units, the ISC at the 1st study was 69.0 Units, and after 6 months - 63.0 Units.Conclusion. The obtained results indicate that the data of ISC and densitometry depend on the types of bone tissue which is of particular importance for improving the known and developing new tests for predicting both the course of osteointegration processes and the development of inflammatory and destructive complications.