Association of gene polymorphisms with parameters of fat and carbohydrate metabolism in children with different body weight
The objective. To study relationships between polymorphisms of the genes FTO, FABP2, PPARA, PPARD, PPARG, PPARGC1A, UCP2, UCP3, ADRB3, CLOCK and MTHFR and physical development of children, and also parameters of carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Patients and methods. We examined 232 children aged 7-17 years with different parameters of physical development. The anthropometric measurements of the subjects (body weight, height, chest and hip circumferences) were taken by standard methods, the lipid spectrum and glucose levels were examined, molecular-genetic tests were performed. Results. Differences in genotypic distribution of the FTO rs9939609 T/A polymorphisms were found in schoolchildren with grade 2 overweight (TT - 25.3%, TA - 49.4%, АА - 25.3%) and normal body weight (TT - 44.7%, TA - 46.8%, AA - 8.5%, p < 0.05). The occurrence of the mutant А allele among grade 2 overweight children turned out to be higher than among children with normal weight (50% vs. 31.9%, p < 0.01). Schoolchildren with more risk alleles of 7 gene polymorphisms have by 2.3 times more chances for the development of overweight. A correlation has been found between the sum of risk alleles of several gene polymorphisms and anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Conclusion. The FTO gene increases the probability of development of overweight. The sum of risk alleles in various gene combinations is associated with a negative dynamics of metabolic and anthropometric parameters in children.