Separation of Judicial Power from Executive Power: Historical Vicissitudes of the Russian Model Part III. The place of the court in the political and legal system of Soviet Russia
The author continues to consider the complex and contradictory process of development of the Russian model of separation of judicial power from executive power. The previous articles [9; 10] were devoted to the analysis of the historical and legal foundations of the separation of the court from the administration at the early stages of the formation of statehood in Russia, including post-reform Russia. The paper analyzes the revolutionary transformations aimed at denying the democratic principles proclaimed and largely implemented by the judicial reform of 1864, the fundamental change in the role and place of the court in the Soviet political and legal system based on the proclamation of the omnipotence of the Soviets and the actual dominance of party organs. The author considers the development of the ideological foundations of the new role of the court, which determined its place in the system of law enforcement agencies, the development of forms of judicial management, as well as party leadership as elements of the substantive characteristics of the place and role of the court in the political and legal system of Soviet Russia. The analysis made it possible to determine a certain continuity of the state leadership of the judicial system of Soviet Russia with the previous period of the country's development, consisting in the perception of the old institutions of executive power in the person of the Ministry of Justice with the gradual expansion of bureaucratic procedures and the bureaucratic apparatus