EMBRYOLOGICAL FEATURES OF STRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES OF SOME CULTIVARS OF SYRINGA VULGARIS L.
We show the results of the study of embryological features of the structure and development of reproductive structures of 4 cultivars of S. vulgaris L. and S. vulgaris L. (off-grade form - control) from the collection of educational botanical garden of Perm State National Research University. 'Marie Legraye' and 'India' have simple flowers, 'Mme Lemoine' and 'Mme Jules Finger' have double ones. Studied S. vulgaris cultivars are characterized with a similar development of reproductive structures. Development of androecium advances gynoecium development. Androecium consists of two stamens with anthers of cylindrical shape. Primary archesporial tissue appears in the subepidermal layer of the anther in the second decade of March. The wall of anther consists of epidermis, endotecium, a middle layer and a secretory tapetum. The degradation of the middle layer and tapetum occurs in meiotic period. Tetrads of microspores are formed by simultaneous type. Location microspores in tetrads is tetrahedral. Mature pollen grains consist of two cells, they are 3-furrows-porous, medium-sized, spheroidal or oblate-spheroidal shape. Gynoecium is syncarpous. Ovary is superior, bilocular, formed by the fusion of two carpels. Two ovule are derived in one of the ovaries. Ovules are anatropous, tenuinucellatic. Ovule nucellus epidermal layer is represented by one of the early collapsing cells. Ovule is unitegmal, integument is massive. Archesporial cell is alone, derived in early May. Tetrads of megaspores are linear, functional megaspore is halazal. The mature embryo sac has an elongated shape, consists of two eggs and synergids in mikropile part, the central cell with two polar nuclei, three antipodes in halazal part. Abnormalities in the development of reproductive structures are underdeveloped embryo sacs into a fully formed ovules, lack of anthers for the cultivar 'Mme Jules Finger' and 100% sterile pollen grains of the cultivar 'Marie Legraye'.