Main Approaches to Typologization of Regions
The article presents a general description of the typology approach and presents various approaches to the definition of this approach. A comparative analysis of the definitions of “typologization” and “classification” was conducted, a retrospective analysis of the existing approaches to typology of the regions was made, on the basis of which the main approaches to typologization of regions by different criteria were determined. The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of the scientific project № 16-36-00218 “Theory and methodology for assessing the development of the green economy” in the context of the theory of economic space”. The main objective of the project is to develop a study of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the “green economy” and evaluate its development in the context of the theory of economic space. The objectives of the project are to identify environmental, economic and social characteristics of the development of the “green economy” in the economic space of Russia by generalizing and systematizing the accumulated theoretical and practical experience (domestic and foreign) in the field of sustainable development, greening and the “green economy”; to develop a methodological concept of an integrated assessment of the “green economy” in the context of the theory of economic space based on indicative assessment of individual components of sustainability; to design scenario modeling of the development of the “green economy” in the economic space of Russia; to develop the authorial typology of regions from the standpoint of sustainable development and green economy, given the specifics of the economic space of Russia. The methodological basis of the research are systemic, synergetic and cost-based approaches, the dialectical theory of cognition, economic-mathematical and logical-probabilistic modeling, methods of financial, managerial and strategic analysis, logical deduction, induction and reduction, receptions. The implementation of the project's objectives will allow identifying the ecological, economic and social characteristics of the process of developing the “green economy” in the economic space of Russia, highlighting the key elements, describing the interrelationships between them and identifying the factors that determine the sustainability of economic development. In addition, the mechanism for assessing the development of the “green economy” in the context of the theory of economic space will be specified and supplemented. Scenario modeling of the development of the “green economy” will determine the trends and factors of its development in the economic space of Russia. The development and justification of the system for assessing the development of the “green economy”, the development of recommendations for its use will allow developing the authorial typology of regions from the position of developing the “green economy” given the specifics of the Russian economic space. The developed practical recommendations for assessing the development of the “green economy” will be aimed at increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the state regional classification and cognitive structuring. The development of theoretical and methodological aspects, the argumentation of conclusions and proposals will be based on the use of a system-functional approach to the problem under study. Depending on the tasks assigned, the following methods and methods of research will be used in the work: abstract-logical, analytical, balance, economic-statistical, expert-based, monographic, economic diagnostic, program-based, forecasting, and clustering.