Functional asymmetry and endogenic mental diseases
Dynamic interaction between structurally and functionally dissimilar larger cerebral hemispheres is recognized as the main thing its integrative activity, that is confirmed by promptly increasing number of the publications devoted to this problem. The concept of a lateralization of cognitive and motor functions in a brain of the person has powerful value, finding the expression in modern neuropsychological and neurobiological models of disorders of a schizophrenic range and group of affective disorders. Broad popularity got the job of Tim J.Crow surveying schizophrenia as result of loss of hemispheric specialization and leading to disturbance of hemispheric interaction. According to this theory a functional failure of the right hemisphere leads to hyper activation left that is confirmed by numerous modern researches. However, the question of whether it should be taken into account schizophrenia model of the isolated suffering of one of hemispheres, or result of disturbance in hemispheric interaction is still discussable. Concerning affective disorders, it is known that the shift of balance of hemispheric activation towards the right hemisphere is observed at depressions, and at maniacal states - opposite, towards left. However, a depression combination to anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder makes the specific changes to character of the interhemispheric relations, that has to warn us against so simplified comprehension of pathogenetic bases of affective disorders. A problem of relationship between endogenic mental diseases and features of a lateralization of mental functions deserve the special attention. Modern researchers almost unanimously agree in opinion that the phenomenon of “left-handedness” - is not limited to preference in motor activity of right or left arm, and hides under himself complex of structural and functional changes in a brain that finds the reflection in features of mental activity both in normal and pathology. Article represents the review of the available literary data concerning the current state of a problem.