BASIC NOTIONS IN FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTICS
The article examines a row of basic notions of the functional linguistics such as “linguistics”, “language”, “speech”, “speech activity”, “text”, “function”, “discourse”, and others. The author of the article has given his own definitions to most of the analyzed notions, including the notion of “functional linguistics” itself. The author of the article displays his negative attitude to the undifferentiated use of any terms in linguistics and pursues the goal of improvement of the notions basis for further development of the functional linguistics. Besides, after extending the content of the conception of ‘the rational form of the linguistic study’ initiated by F. de Saussure, the author of the article has suggested his view regarding the linguistic study object, which, according to his conclusion, is discourse.