Real investment needs of Russian regions
The ability of economic entities to produce products, provide services or carry out work is determined by the existing material and technical base of production. Maintaining the required functional state of fixed assets is the result of the process of their reproduction, based on significant capital investments. The assessment of the volume of required investments in the reproduction of fixed assets is the basis for the development of effective industrial and investment policies, both at the national and regional levels, and at the level of an individual enterprise. The formation of an assessment of the needs for investing in fixed assets is based on general scientific methods such as deduction, abstraction, concretization, synthesis, analysis, etc. The study also used special methods of economic analysis, which made it possible to identify trends and establish a pattern in the dynamics of the functional state of fixed assets. In the course of the study, it was proved that the assessment of investment needs in fixed assets directly depends on the degree of their accumulated depreciation, and the volume of «immediate» investments is determined by the share of fully worn out fixed assets. The paper analyzes the dynamics of the state, the degree of depreciation and the share of fully worn-out fixed assets of the Russian economy and the economies of the federal districts for 2000-2019. The article presents the author’s vision of the mechanism for forming an assessment of the needs for investing in fixed assets, based on statistical estimates of the accumulated physical depreciation of fixed assets. On the basis of the conducted analysis, estimates of the needs for real investment in the Russian economy, as well as the economies of the federal districts, are given, both generalized and by areas of economic activity.