INFLUENCE OF THE NORMS OF SOWING AND PROCESSING BY HERBICIDES IN CROP YIELDS AND THE ELEMENTS OF ITS STRUCTURE OF SPRING TRITICALE
The value of the crop is the sum of the elements of productivity, which include the value of productive density per unit area, number of grains in a head, the mass of 1000 grains and productivity of heads. The thickness of the productive density is the main indicator in the structure of yields, determining the value of biological crop. In our research, its size in average for the 3-year varied from 380 to 587 stems per 1 m2 in the variants without processing and from 456 up to 620 stems per 1 m2 in the variants of processing by herbicides. In cases without processing by herbicides the maximum grains оf heads was observed with the norm of seeding of 5.0 million viable grains per hectare. The sowing norm being increased, it decreased by 2 to 4 of grain and the lowest was with the norm of seeding of 7.0 million viable grains per hectare. In the variants with the processing of crops herbicides the maximum grains of heads was observed with norm of seeding of 5.5, and the lowest with the norm of seeding of 6.0 million viable grains per hectare. The mass of 1000 grains was subject to significant variability under the influence of the weather conditions emerged during the growing season. The grain of a maximum mass of 1000 grains 40,6 - 41,8 g in the variants without processing and 41.3 - 41,9 g in the variants with the processing of crops by herbicides was formed under conditions of 2009, and the lowest, respectively, 30,0 - 31,6 and 30.6 - 42,1 SG 2007. The analysis of the yield of spring triticale shows that, on average, for the three-year research of yields of spring triticale varied within the limits of 2.88 - 3,49 t/ha in the variants without processing by herbicides. The maximum yield in the variants without processing by herbicides was obtained with norm of seeding of 6.0 million viable seeds/ha. The crop yield of spring triticale in the processing of crops by herbicides varied 3,53 - 3,84 t/ha. The maximum, as in the cases without further processing by herbicides, it was with the norm of seeding of 6.0 million viable grains per hectare.