Youth Labor Market in the Framework of Social Partnership: Current State and Directions of Development
In any developed country, the state pays special attention to the development of human capital, which has a positive effect on the quality of life and the efficiency of the economy. Kazakhstan is no exception. The current crisis conditions point to the need to create a system of social protection for the young unemployed since the future of independent Kazakhstan depends on youth. There have been significant changes in the structure of employment in Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study was to study and make recommendations on the development of the labor market based on the opinions of young people and employers in Kazakhstan. The online survey was conducted among working, self-employed and unemployed youth of 14 regions and 3 cities, namely, Nursultan, Almaty, Shymkent, seven districts of Atyrau region (Isatay, Makhambet, Kzylkoga, Kurmangazy, Inder, Makat, Zhylyoy). The public opinion of the youth of Kazakhstan on the problems of employment, youth labor market and labor migration are studied. Within the framework of the social partnership, the theoretical foundations of labor market regulation and its mechanisms were considered, the main causes of youth unemployment are considered, recommendations for the development of the youth labor market are given. The research has scientific value, as it makes a certain contribution to the development of the youth market. Professional training and retraining of young specialists, advanced training, informing young people about vacancies in institutions, improving the digitalization of the labor market are needed among young people.