Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov - the outstanding Russian physiologist, founder of medical psychology as a science
The article is devoted to the biography of the outstanding Russian physiologist and materialist philosopher, creator of the Russian physiological school, founder of the domestic scientific school of medical psychology, honorary member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, honored ordinary professor Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov (1829-1905). I. M. Sechenov received an excellent education at the St. Petersburg Main engineering school and the medical faculty of Moscow University, had a profound knowledge in mathematics, physics, chemistry, anatomy, physiology, medicine, knew several languages. Even before graduation, became interested in psychology, began to engage in scientific research in the field of anatomy and physiology. After receiving of the degree of a doctor with honors, in 1856-1859 he worked in the laboratories of the famous physiologists in Berlin, Leipzig, Vienna, Heidelberg. Collaborated and argued with the prominent scientists, writers, artists of his time. More than the thirty years of scientific activity of I. M. Sechenov were devoted to the penetration into the mysteries of psychic phenomena. According to K. A. Timiryazev, I. M. Sechenov was "perhaps the most profound researcher in the field of scientific psychology". His discoveries and ideas - the Central inhibition of the reflex reaction, the dependence of the development of the individual psyche and human behavior from the external stimulation, self-regulation and feedback, "a dark muscular sense" and others - determined the development of not only physiology, but also made a great contribution to the development of fundamental and applied psychological problems. They are fundamental in the theory of automatic control and cybernetics, psychology and physiology of labor, Psychosomatics and Psychology of corporeality, neuropsychology and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy now.