METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE PREVENTION OF CONTRAST-INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY DAMAGE DURING ANGIOGRAPHIC STUDIES AND INTERVENTIONS USING RADIOCONTRAST AGENTS
Procedures using iodine-containing X-ray contrast agents pose a risk to kidney function, especially in patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction. Contrast-induced nephropathy is the third most common cause of acute kidney injury, and in high-risk groups the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy may approach 20-30 %. Therefore, assessing and reducing the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy remains a very important issue. There is no treatment for contrast-induced nephropathy in the world, so the main focus is on its prevention. This methodological article describes in detail the definition, methodology for assessing the risks of development and diagnosis of contrast-induced acute kidney injury. The main aspects of prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney injury during angiographic studies and interventions using X-ray contrast agents are also considered. Particular attention is paid to hydration, as the main method of hydration of contrast-induced acute kidney injury, taking into account the somatic status of the patient.