RECONSTRUCTIVE AND RECOVERY TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER
Rehabilitation of patients after breast cancer treatment includes reconstructive and restorative operations that improve the patient’s quality of life. There are advantages and disadvantages of methods after mastectomy of the mammary gland, complex rehabilitation programs are being developed to normalize the psychological state and social and labor adaptation, considering the preservation of fertility in reproductive age. Treatment of breast cancer through surgery and radiation adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy causes somatic and psychological adverse effects (post-mastectomy syndrome). After treatment, timely rehabilitation is necessary to reduce the level of inevitable complications and irreversible postoperative consequences. Performing reconstructive plastic surgery to restore the breast occurs through implants or autologous tissues, as well as a tissue expander, which is the best option for patients who will undergo radiation therapy. However, possible complications require the fulfillment of selection criteria and features of patient management. The development of autologous transplantation is associated with minimizing damage to the donor site. In the study of complications after alloplastic methods of reconstruction, it was found that the frequency of complications does not depend on the performance of reconstructive interventions before or after radiation therapy. It is considered optimal to use a two-stage reconstruction algorithm, namely, the replacement of a tissue expander with a final implant. An important criterion for the success of rehabilitation is the development of complications in the long term.