LABORATORY WORK AS A WAY TO ACHIEVE METASUBJECT RESULTS: CURRENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTERSUBJECT INTEGRATION
The article actualizes the question of integrating the subjects of natural-science cycle to achieve meta-subject results. The author of the article considers that it is necessary to integrate not only knowledge, but also methods of activity to achieve sustainable results. However, the author emphasizes the implementation of integrative ways of educational and cognitive activity, based on generalized methods of cognition used by various natural sciences. The author refers that one of the main types of such activity is educational and research. The author considers systemically important factor in the formation of students in integrative ways of educational and cognitive activity can be laboratory practice conducted on all subjects of the natural-science cycle. During the performance of laboratory work, it is possible to reach the level of meta-subject results based on meta-activity, meta-method, meta-skills. Effective management of the solution of the problem of achieving meta-subject results in the performance of laboratory work is realized through the gradual formation of students'' skills and research activities, which are grouped by the author into four modules: target for laboratory work; theoretical material necessary for the performance of laboratory work; experimental and experimental activity; self-control. Modular representation of the content of laboratory work will allow the teacher to design the work of students depending on their abilities and capabilities. The article considers step-by-step formation of students ''skills and research activity not only within the modular content of laboratory work, but also from the perspective of various models of the nature of students'' activities in implementing the content of laboratory work. The results of the pedagogical experiment presented in the article, aimed at revealing the formation of students in the research method of activity in the performance of laboratory works and reflecting the structure of the natural scientist''s activity, prove the effectiveness of this form of organization of the training session for achieving meta-subject results.