Clinical Aspects of Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis in Children
The article presents modern terminology, definitions of concepts, diagnostic criteria and principles of treatment of osteoporosis in children. A classification of osteoporosis in children is given, including its primary and secondary, prevalent in children, forms, modifiable and non-modifiable factors and its risk groups are listed. The article reflects modern diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis in children, which differ significantly from those in adults, including the mandatory presence of vertebral fracture(s) and/or a significant history of fractures in combination with low bone mass and density according to x-ray osteodensitometry. Objectives and leading directions in the treatment of osteoporosis in children are formulated. The main principles of non-pharmacological treatment are presented, the characteristics of the main groups of drugs, both promising and currently used for the treatment of osteoporosis in pediatric practice, including drugs based on calcium, vitamin D, bisphosphonates, are given.