HISTORICAL EXAMPLES AND ANALOGY AS A MOTIVATING FACTOR IN TEACHING DISCIPLINES IN THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Importance of this work lies in the fact that when teaching at a technical university there is a significant problem with a decrease in the motivation of students, and their attention span. The reasons for this phenomenon lie in the whole complex of psychological and pedagogical factors created by the cotemporary information environment, including the illusion of instant accessibility of any information created by the search tools of the Internet. This necessitates the use of additional tools to grasp the attention of students in the classroom. Historically, the most important methods of grasping attention was the inclusion in the educational material of historical examples and analogies that relate the information to everyday life or to the future professional activity of students. The purpose of this work is to highlight the main factors by which historical examples and analogies should be selected to include them in the material presented in the learning process. The basis of the methods of this study is the analysis of the features of historical examples and analogies, which, on the one hand, indicate the important aspects of the presented material, critical for its understanding and compiling a complete picture of the world. On the other hand, they are capable of generating interest to the material or arouse emotions (both positive and negative), contributing to a better comprehension and retention of the material. As a result, a certain set of features to choose historical examples and analogies, by which selection can be made for inclusion in the material of the subject was revealed.