EDUCATION AS THE WAY OF OBTAINING FREEDOM OF THE PERSON
The author analyzes the approaches to the analysis of education as systems that have developed in foreign and Russian pedagogy. From the perspective of the philosophy of education, the main issues are considered - about the goals of education. After analyzing approaches to understanding education as a cultural phenomenon that has developed from ancient times to the present, the author focuses on the Christian-anthropological view of education as a way for a person to gain freedom. The starting point for such an analysis is the position of a person as a creature striving for higher spiritual values, but at the same time, being part of a culture inscribed in a specific coordinate system of time and space. The article shows that Christian traditions present in Russian education can be a resource in determining the goals and meanings of modern education, which is in the process of reform. If we consider the goal of education as a free and responsible person, then the main question of pedagogy becomes: how to correlate freedom and responsibility in this person so that they do not contradict each other. Such a contradiction disappears in the context of religious pedagogy, which does not see the contradiction between freedom and responsibility. According to a number of Christian philosophers and educators, such as V. Zenkovsky, P. Florensky, S. Bulgakov education and can not be considered outside of freedom, but at the same time freedom is for a person what he must achieve. Therefore, in the context of Christian pedagogy, education is conceived by gaining freedom. A similar statement of the problem of personal freedom, which is characteristic of Orthodox anthropology and pedagogy, and raising a child to gain freedom takes her from the field of purely theoretical thoughts to the field of practical experience and gives hope for solving a number of issues. Teachers have repeatedly pointed out that without the development of individual freedom, education can turn into a trainer.