GEOPOLITICS OF INNER SPACE AS THE DIRECTION OF RUSSIAN GEOPOLITICAL SCHOOLS AND THE METHODOLOGY OF HISTORY
In the context of globalization of scientific knowledge is of particular urgency of research "at the crossroads of Sciences", among which a special place is geopolitics, as a field of knowledge, which synthesized information on the socio-economic, political, cultural and ideological development and structure of the countries with data about their unique geography (location, distance from seas, climate, soil and Botanical zones, availability of resources etc.). Some modern researchers allocate a separate direction - geohistory responsible for identifying geopolitical regularities in the research process, the spatial force of interaction between States. Geopolitics can be seen as a historical approach with their spatially specific methodology to the analysis of the internal processes of life. The founders of this approach can be considered as the brightest representatives of the Russian geopolitical school of V.I. Limanskogo, D.I. Mendeleev, V.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky, P.N. Savitsky. Systematized their theoretical construct it is possible to talk about a special methodology of history - geopolitics of inner space. The geopolitics of inner space reveals the generic for States that could adapt over the space of the country, geohistorical rules of the internal device. These rules are subordinated to the imperative of the country's security and preserving the integrity of its borders. Continental Russia, the geopolitics of inner space sets as a critical task, such an organization of economic and political systems, which provides it with autarky - independence from the global ocean market. In this regard, we can talk about statism - wide state intervention in the socio-economic sphere and about the idiocracy as a form of popular rule through representation of the collective voice of the multinational "national spirit" of the country and the Russian state, striving for self-sufficiency. Self-sufficiency Russia is possible under condition of dispersion of the industrial and cultural centers, uniform distribution of population density, infrastructure development along its entire length. You must also comply with the principles of geopolitical and economic rationality in the system of administrative-territorial division of the country. In particular, zoning should be based on the distribution of highways. The principles developed by the geopolitics of inner space, based on the static, for the most part, the geography of the country, so they are relevant for the Russian Empire, USSR and modern Russia.