Molecular-Genetic Markers of the Risk of Development of Chronization of Tension Headache and Migraine
Introduction. Chronic tension-type headache and chronic migraine are most common in the working-age population. They cause the decrease of the productivity, which leads to additional financial costs. Today, there were identified the “candidate genes” that have polymorphisms and belong to one of the physiological or cellular systems, the disorders of which can potentiate the development of these diseases: the genes involved in the synthesis, release, and binding of neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine) and neuropeptides (substance P, neurokinin A). To identify the polymorphisms of these genes, the special pairs of specific oligonucleotide primers were developed, the composition of the amplification mixture and the temperature profiles of the amplification reaction were optimized. Purpose. To establish the molecular genetic criteria of tension headache and migraine chronization risk. Materials and methods. The detection of the results for determination of allelic variants was carried out with horizontal electrophoresis using the molecular weight marker. Determination of the genotypes of polymorphic variants of genes was carried out using high resolution melting analysis. Results. On the base of the conducted molecular genetic studies, it was revealed that statistically significant (p<0.05) risk factors of tension headache chronization are the following: identification of the A-allele and AA-genotype of the DBH3 polymorphism of the dopamine-beta- hydroxylase gene DBH and identification of the G-allele and the GG-genotype of the Intron3SNP polymorphism of the preprotachykinin gene TAC1. It was revealed that statistically significant (p<0.05) risk factors of migraine chronization are the following: identification of the A-allele, GA- and AA-genotypes of the G29A polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene SLC6A4, as well as identification of the G-allele and the GG-genotype of the rs7793277 polymorphism of the preprotachykinin gene TAC1 Conclusions. The detection of these polymorphisms of the dopamine and preprotachykinin genes in the blood serum increases the risk of tension headache chronization by 1.395-1.991 times, the risk of migraine chronization - by 1.235-1.395 times.