Alibi and evidence in criminal proceedings: experience of the formation of the concepts
The article presents an analysis of the concepts of evidence as a kind of circumstantial evidence and alibi as a way to defend against a charge. The author used historical, comparative legal and formal logical methods of research. Separate types (kinds) of evidence are considered depending on the basis of their occurrence: evidence of the prosecution, evidence of the defense, internal and external evidence, evidence preceding the crime, coinciding with it, subsequent evidence, as well as an alibi as a way to protect against prosecution. It is noted that the world of evidence is as immense as all the phenomena that fill the material and moral worlds. An evidence is one of the types of proofs and, like all other proofs, evidence should strive for reliability. Among the numerous signs that give the accusatory evidence the quality of incompleteness, the author highlights the alibi as evidence of the innocence of the suspect or the accused. The alibi does not devalue any of the collected accusatory evidence, however, it breaks the charge as a whole, destroys the entire structure of the charge.