Prehistory of Collectivization: Experience of New Forms of Economic Management Creation in Central Chernozem Region in 1918-1928
The article analyses the experience of organization of collective farms in 1920s in Central Chernozemye on the basis of the archived sources. It proves, that they were not related to cooperation. They were created to solve the problem of peasant shortage of land using the former squire lands. Besides under the protection of collective regulations of nobility nests were kept intact, credits and privileges were obtained. Before collectivization the majority of kolkhoz organizations were formations with poor standards of living, insuffi cient socialization of the means of production, low labour productivity and goods supply.