What is the effect induced by sympathetic nervous system on pupil size?
['Pupil size is determined by the interaction of the parasympathetic and the sympathetic nervous system.', 'The sympathetic nervous system acts either directly on the dilator muscle (peripherally) or centrally by inhibiting the Edinger-Westphal nucleus.', 'The mechanism of reflex pupillary dilation was investigated in eight patients who were declared brain dead after rupture of intracranial vascular malformations and in eight awake volunteers. The authors hypothesized that the reflex was primarily a spinal sympathetic reflex', 'The authors conclude that pupillary reflex dilation, as it is clinically performed in awake subjects by stimulating somatic nociceptors, is a sympathetic reflex.', 'Pupil size is determined by an interaction between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system.', 'Sympathetic nervous system activation, with reflex dilation of the pupil', 'reproducibly larger pupil size--indicative of increased sympathetic arousal--', 'activation of autonomic sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the thoracic spinal cord produces pupillary dilatation', 'sympathetic responses (sweating, pupil dilatation, piloerection, etc.)', 'In the absence of anesthesia, dilation is primarily mediated by the sympathetic nervous system.', 'Pupil size is determined by an interaction between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system.', 'Sympathetic nervous system activation, with reflex dilation of the pupil, was produced by noxious electrical stimulation during 4% and 8% end-tidal desflurane, and by a rapid 4%-to-8% step-up in the desflurane concentration.', 'BACKGROUND: Pupil size is determined by an interaction between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system.', 'Dark-adapted pupil size after topical PNS blockade (an index of iris sympathetic nervous system [SNS] activity) was also smaller in both groups of diabetic subjects (NIDD, P less than 0.01; IDD, P less than 0.05).', 'However, dark-adapted pupil size during parasympathetic nervous system blockade, an index of iris sympathetic nervous system activity, declined with age (r = -0.81, p less than 0.001).', 'However, dark-adapted pupil size during parasympathetic nervous system blockade, an index of iris sympathetic nervous system activity, declined with age (r = -0.81, p less than 0.001)', 'Pupil size is determined by the interaction of the parasympathetic and the sympathetic nervous system', 'Pupil size is determined by an interaction between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system']
['Pupil size is determined by the interaction of the parasympathetic and the sympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system acts either directly on the dilator muscle (peripherally) or centrally by inhibiting the Edinger-Westphal nucleus. Thus, the sympathetic nervous system mediates pupillary dilatation.']
['pupillary dilatation (increase of the pupil size)']