code:
try:
    import contextvars  # noqa: F401
except Exception:
    raise Exception(
        f'You are using an unsupported version of Python. Only Python versions 3.7 and above are supported by yt-dlp')  # noqa: F541

__license__ = 'Public Domain'

import collections
import getpass
import itertools
import optparse
import os
import re
import sys

from .compat import compat_shlex_quote
from .cookies import SUPPORTED_BROWSERS, SUPPORTED_KEYRINGS
from .downloader import FileDownloader
from .downloader.external import get_external_downloader
from .extractor import list_extractor_classes
from .extractor.adobepass import MSO_INFO
from .extractor.common import InfoExtractor
from .options import parseOpts
from .postprocessor import (
    FFmpegExtractAudioPP,
    FFmpegMergerPP,
    FFmpegPostProcessor,
    FFmpegSubtitlesConvertorPP,
    FFmpegThumbnailsConvertorPP,
    FFmpegVideoConvertorPP,
    FFmpegVideoRemuxerPP,
    MetadataFromFieldPP,
    MetadataParserPP,
)
from .update import Updater
from .utils import (
    NO_DEFAULT,
    POSTPROCESS_WHEN,
    DateRange,
    DownloadCancelled,
    DownloadError,
    GeoUtils,
    PlaylistEntries,
    SameFileError,
    decodeOption,
    download_range_func,
    expand_path,
    float_or_none,
    format_field,
    int_or_none,
    match_filter_func,
    parse_duration,
    preferredencoding,
    read_batch_urls,
    read_stdin,
    render_table,
    setproctitle,
    std_headers,
    traverse_obj,
    variadic,
    write_string,
)
from .longname import DEFAULT_DELIMITER
from .YoutubeDL import YoutubeDL

_IN_CLI = False

def _exit(status=0, *args):
    for msg in args:
        sys.stderr.write(msg)
    raise SystemExit(status)

def get_urls(urls, batchfile, verbose):
    # Batch file verification
    batch_urls = []
    if batchfile is not None:
        try:
            batch_urls = read_batch_urls(
                read_stdin('URLs') if batchfile == '-'
                else open(expand_path(batchfile), encoding='utf-8', errors='ignore'))
            if verbose:
                write_string('[debug] Batch file urls: ' + repr(batch_urls) + '\n')
        except OSError:
            _exit(f'ERROR: batch file {batchfile} could not be read')
    _enc = preferredencoding()
    return [
        url.strip().decode(_enc, 'ignore') if isinstance(url, bytes) else url.strip()
        for url in batch_urls + urls]

def print_extractor_information(opts, urls):
    # Importing GenericIE is currently slow since it imports other extractors
    # TODO: Move this back to module level after generalization of embed detection
    from .extractor.generic import GenericIE

    out = ''
    if opts.list_extractors:
        urls = dict.fromkeys(urls, False)
        for ie in list_extractor_classes(opts.age_limit):
            out += ie.IE_NAME + (' (CURRENTLY BROKEN)' if not ie.working() else '') + '\n'
            if ie == GenericIE:
                matched_urls = [url for url, matched in urls.items() if not matched]
            else:
                matched_urls = tuple(filter(ie.suitable, urls.keys()))
                urls.update(dict.fromkeys(matched_urls, True))
            out += ''.join(f'  {url}\n' for url in matched_urls)
    elif opts.list_extractor_descriptions:
        _SEARCHES = ('cute kittens', 'slithering pythons', 'falling cat', 'angry poodle', 'purple fish', 'running tortoise', 'sleeping bunny', 'burping cow')
        out = '\n'.join(
            ie.description(markdown=False, search_examples=_SEARCHES)
            for ie in list_extractor_classes(opts.age_limit) if ie.working() and ie.IE_DESC is not False)
    elif opts.ap_list_mso:
        out = 'Supported TV Providers:\n%s\n' % render_table(
            ['mso', 'mso name'],
            [[mso_id, mso_info['name']] for mso_id, mso_info in MSO_INFO.items()])
    elif opts.rm_longnamedir:
        if not urls:
            urls = [os.getcwd()]
        walker = (x for y in urls for x in os.walk(y, topdown=False))
        for dirpath, _, _ in walker:
            if not dirpath.endswith(DEFAULT_DELIMITER):
                continue
            if os.listdir(dirpath):
                continue
            write_string('Removing %s\n' % dirpath, out=sys.stdout)
            os.rmdir(dirpath)
    else:
        return False
    write_string(out, out=sys.stdout)
    return True

def set_compat_opts(opts):
    def _unused_compat_opt(name):
        if name not in opts.compat_opts:
            return False
        opts.compat_opts.discard(name)
        opts.compat_opts.update(['*%s' % name])
        return True

    def set_default_compat(compat_name, opt_name, default=True, remove_compat=True):
        attr = getattr(opts, opt_name)
        if compat_name in opts.compat_opts:
            if attr is None:
                setattr(opts, opt_name, not default)
                return True
            else:
                if remove_compat:
                    _unused_compat_opt(compat_name)
                return False
        elif attr is None:
            setattr(opts, opt_name, default)
        return None

    set_default_compat('abort-on-error', 'ignoreerrors', 'only_download')
    set_default_compat('no-playlist-metafiles', 'allow_playlist_files')
    set_default_compat('no-clean-infojson', 'clean_infojson')
    if 'no-attach-info-json' in opts.compat_opts:
        if opts.embed_infojson:
            _unused_compat_opt('no-attach-info-json')
        else:
            opts.embed_infojson = False
    if 'format-sort' in opts.compat_opts:
        opts.format_sort.extend(InfoExtractor.FormatSort.ytdl_default)
    _video_multistreams_set = set_default_compat('multistreams', 'allow_multiple_video_streams', False, remove_compat=False)
    _audio_multistreams_set = set_default_compat('multistreams', 'allow_multiple_audio_streams', False, remove_compat=False)
    if _video_multistreams_set is False and _audio_multistreams_set is False:
        _unused_compat_opt('multistreams')
    if 'filename' in opts.compat_opts:
        if opts.outtmpl.get('default') is None:
            opts.outtmpl.update({'default': '%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s'})
        else:
            _unused_compat_opt('filename')

def validate_options(opts):
    def validate(cndn, name, value=None, msg=None):
        if cndn:
            return True
        raise ValueError((msg or 'invalid {name} "{value}" given').format(name=name, value=value))

    def validate_in(name, value, items, msg=None):
        return validate(value is None or value in items, name, value, msg)

    def validate_regex(name, value, regex):
        return validate(value is None or re.match(regex, value), name, value)

    def validate_positive(name, value, strict=False):
        return validate(value is None or value > 0 or (not strict and value == 0),
                        name, value, '{name} "{value}" must be positive' + ('' if strict else ' or 0'))

    def validate_minmax(min_val, max_val, min_name, max_name=None):
        if max_val is None or min_val is None or max_val >= min_val:
            return
        if not max_name:
            min_name, max_name = f'min {min_name}', f'max {min_name}'
        raise ValueError(f'{max_name} "{max_val}" must be must be greater than or equal to {min_name} "{min_val}"')

    # Usernames and passwords
    validate(not opts.usenetrc or (opts.username is None and opts.password is None),
             '.netrc', msg='using {name} conflicts with giving username/password')
    validate(opts.password is None or opts.username is not None, 'account username', msg='{name} missing')
    validate(opts.ap_password is None or opts.ap_username is not None,
             'TV Provider account username', msg='{name} missing')
    validate_in('TV Provider', opts.ap_mso, MSO_INFO,
                'Unsupported {name} "{value}", use --ap-list-mso to get a list of supported TV Providers')

    # Numbers
    validate_positive('autonumber start', opts.autonumber_start)
    validate_positive('autonumber size', opts.autonumber_size, True)
    validate_positive('concurrent fragments', opts.concurrent_fragment_downloads, True)
    validate_positive('playlist start', opts.playliststart, True)
    if opts.playlistend != -1:
        validate_minmax(opts.playliststart, opts.playlistend, 'playlist start', 'playlist end')

    # Time ranges
    validate_positive('subtitles sleep interval', opts.sleep_interval_subtitles)
    validate_positive('requests sleep interval', opts.sleep_interval_requests)
    validate_positive('sleep interval', opts.sleep_interval)
    validate_positive('max sleep interval', opts.max_sleep_interval)
    if opts.sleep_interval is None:
        validate(
            opts.max_sleep_interval is None, 'min sleep interval',
            msg='{name} must be specified; use --min-sleep-interval')
    elif opts.max_sleep_interval is None:
        opts.max_sleep_interval = opts.sleep_interval
    else:
        validate_minmax(opts.sleep_interval, opts.max_sleep_interval, 'sleep interval')

    if opts.wait_for_video is not None:
        min_wait, max_wait, *_ = map(parse_duration, opts.wait_for_video.split('-', 1) + [None])
        validate(min_wait is not None and not (max_wait is None and '-' in opts.wait_for_video),
                 'time range to wait for video', opts.wait_for_video)
        validate_minmax(min_wait, max_wait, 'time range to wait for video')
        opts.wait_for_video = (min_wait, max_wait)

    # Format sort
    for f in opts.format_sort:
        validate_regex('format sorting', f, InfoExtractor.FormatSort.regex)

    # Postprocessor formats
    validate_regex('merge output format', opts.merge_output_format,
                   r'({0})(/({0}))*'.format('|'.join(map(re.escape, FFmpegMergerPP.SUPPORTED_EXTS))))
    validate_regex('audio format', opts.audioformat, FFmpegExtractAudioPP.FORMAT_RE)
    validate_in('subtitle format', opts.convertsubtitles, FFmpegSubtitlesConvertorPP.SUPPORTED_EXTS)
    validate_regex('thumbnail format', opts.convertthumbnails, FFmpegThumbnailsConvertorPP.FORMAT_RE)
    validate_regex('recode video format', opts.recodevideo, FFmpegVideoConvertorPP.FORMAT_RE)
    validate_regex('remux video format', opts.remuxvideo, FFmpegVideoRemuxerPP.FORMAT_RE)
    if opts.audioquality:
        opts.audioquality = opts.audioquality.strip('k').strip('K')
        # int_or_none prevents inf, nan
        validate_positive('audio quality', int_or_none(float_or_none(opts.audioquality), default=0))

    # Retries
    def parse_retries(name, value):
        if value is None:
            return None
        elif value in ('inf', 'infinite'):
            return float('inf')
        try:
            return int(value)
        except (TypeError, ValueError):
            validate(False, f'{name} retry count', value)

    opts.retries = parse_retries('download', opts.retries)
    opts.fragment_retries = parse_retries('fragment', opts.fragment_retries)
    opts.extractor_retries = parse_retries('extractor', opts.extractor_retries)
    opts.file_access_retries = parse_retries('file access', opts.file_access_retries)

    # Retry sleep function
    def parse_sleep_func(expr):
        NUMBER_RE = r'\d+(?:\.\d+)?'
        op, start, limit, step, *_ = tuple(re.fullmatch(
            rf'(?:(linear|exp)=)?({NUMBER_RE})(?::({NUMBER_RE})?)?(?::({NUMBER_RE}))?',
            expr.strip()).groups()) + (None, None)

        if op == 'exp':
            return lambda n: min(float(start) * (float(step or 2) ** n), float(limit or 'inf'))
        else:
            default_step = start if op or limit else 0
            return lambda n: min(float(start) + float(step or default_step) * n, float(limit or 'inf'))

    for key, expr in opts.retry_sleep.items():
        if not expr:
            del opts.retry_sleep[key]
            continue
        try:
            opts.retry_sleep[key] = parse_sleep_func(expr)
        except AttributeError:
            raise ValueError(f'invalid {key} retry sleep expression {expr!r}')

    # Bytes
    def parse_bytes(name, value):
        if value is None:
            return None
        numeric_limit = FileDownloader.parse_bytes(value)
        validate(numeric_limit is not None, 'rate limit', value)
        return numeric_limit

    opts.ratelimit = parse_bytes('rate limit', opts.ratelimit)
    opts.throttledratelimit = parse_bytes('throttled rate limit', opts.throttledratelimit)
    opts.min_filesize = parse_bytes('min filesize', opts.min_filesize)
    opts.max_filesize = parse_bytes('max filesize', opts.max_filesize)
    opts.buffersize = parse_bytes('buffer size', opts.buffersize)
    opts.http_chunk_size = parse_bytes('http chunk size', opts.http_chunk_size)

    # Output templates
    def validate_outtmpl(tmpl, msg):
        err = YoutubeDL.validate_outtmpl(tmpl)
        if err:
            raise ValueError(f'invalid {msg} "{tmpl}": {err}')

    for k, tmpl in opts.outtmpl.items():
        validate_outtmpl(tmpl, f'{k} output template')
    for type_, tmpl_list in opts.forceprint.items():
        for tmpl in tmpl_list:
            validate_outtmpl(tmpl, f'{type_} print template')
    for type_, tmpl_list in opts.print_to_file.items():
        for tmpl, file in tmpl_list:
            validate_outtmpl(tmpl, f'{type_} print to file template')
            validate_outtmpl(file, f'{type_} print to file filename')
    validate_outtmpl(opts.sponsorblock_chapter_title, 'SponsorBlock chapter title')
    for k, tmpl in opts.progress_template.items():
        k = f'{k[:-6]} console title' if '-title' in k else f'{k} progress'
        validate_outtmpl(tmpl, f'{k} template')

    outtmpl_default = opts.outtmpl.get('default')
    if outtmpl_default == '':
        opts.skip_download = None
        del opts.outtmpl['default']
    if outtmpl_default and not os.path.splitext(outtmpl_default)[1] and opts.extractaudio:
        raise ValueError(
            'Cannot download a video and extract audio into the same file! '
            f'Use "{outtmpl_default}.%(ext)s" instead of "{outtmpl_default}" as the output template')

    def parse_chapters(name, value):
        chapters, ranges = [], []
        parse_timestamp = lambda x: float('inf') if x in ('inf', 'infinite') else parse_duration(x)
        for regex in value or []:
            if regex.startswith('*'):
                for range_ in map(str.strip, regex[1:].split(',')):
                    mobj = range_ != '-' and re.fullmatch(r'([^-]+)?\s*-\s*([^-]+)?', range_)
                    dur = mobj and (parse_timestamp(mobj.group(1) or '0'), parse_timestamp(mobj.group(2) or 'inf'))
                    if None in (dur or [None]):
                        raise ValueError(f'invalid {name} time range "{regex}". Must be of the form *start-end')
                    ranges.append(dur)
                continue
            try:
                chapters.append(re.compile(regex))
            except re.error as err:
                raise ValueError(f'invalid {name} regex "{regex}" - {err}')
        return chapters, ranges

    opts.remove_chapters, opts.remove_ranges = parse_chapters('--remove-chapters', opts.remove_chapters)
    opts.download_ranges = download_range_func(*parse_chapters('--download-sections', opts.download_ranges))

    # Cookies from browser
    if opts.cookiesfrombrowser:
        container = None
        mobj = re.fullmatch(r'''(?x)
            (?P<name>[^+:]+)
            (?:\s*\+\s*(?P<keyring>[^:]+))?
            (?:\s*:\s*(?P<profile>.+?))?
            (?:\s*::\s*(?P<container>.+))?
        ''', opts.cookiesfrombrowser)
        if mobj is None:
            raise ValueError(f'invalid cookies from browser arguments: {opts.cookiesfrombrowser}')
        browser_name, keyring, profile, container = mobj.group('name', 'keyring', 'profile', 'container')
        browser_name = browser_name.lower()
        if browser_name not in SUPPORTED_BROWSERS:
            raise ValueError(f'unsupported browser specified for cookies: "{browser_name}". '
                             f'Supported browsers are: {", ".join(sorted(SUPPORTED_BROWSERS))}')
        if keyring is not None:
            keyring = keyring.upper()
            if keyring not in SUPPORTED_KEYRINGS:
                raise ValueError(f'unsupported keyring specified for cookies: "{keyring}". '
                                 f'Supported keyrings are: {", ".join(sorted(SUPPORTED_KEYRINGS))}')
        opts.cookiesfrombrowser = (browser_name, profile, keyring, container)

    # MetadataParser
    def metadataparser_actions(f):
        if isinstance(f, str):
            cmd = '--parse-metadata %s' % compat_shlex_quote(f)
            try:
                actions = [MetadataFromFieldPP.to_action(f)]
            except Exception as err:
                raise ValueError(f'{cmd} is invalid; {err}')
        else:
            cmd = '--replace-in-metadata %s' % ' '.join(map(compat_shlex_quote, f))
            actions = ((MetadataParserPP.Actions.REPLACE, x, *f[1:]) for x in f[0].split(','))

        for action in actions:
            try:
                MetadataParserPP.validate_action(*action)
            except Exception as err:
                raise ValueError(f'{cmd} is invalid; {err}')
            yield action

    parse_metadata = opts.parse_metadata or []
    if opts.metafromtitle is not None:
        parse_metadata.append('title:%s' % opts.metafromtitle)
    opts.parse_metadata = list(itertools.chain(*map(metadataparser_actions, parse_metadata)))

    # Other options
    if opts.playlist_items is not None:
        try:
            tuple(PlaylistEntries.parse_playlist_items(opts.playlist_items))
        except Exception as err:
            raise ValueError(f'Invalid playlist-items {opts.playlist_items!r}: {err}')

    geo_bypass_code = opts.geo_bypass_ip_block or opts.geo_bypass_country
    if geo_bypass_code is not None:
        try:
            GeoUtils.random_ipv4(geo_bypass_code)
        except Exception:
            raise ValueError('unsupported geo-bypass country or ip-block')

    opts.match_filter = match_filter_func(opts.match_filter, opts.all_match)

    if opts.download_archive is not None:
        opts.download_archive = expand_path(opts.download_archive)

    if opts.ffmpeg_location is not None:
        opts.ffmpeg_location = expand_path(opts.ffmpeg_location)

    if opts.user_agent is not None:
        opts.headers.setdefault('User-Agent', opts.user_agent)
    if opts.referer is not None:
        opts.headers.setdefault('Referer', opts.referer)

    if opts.no_sponsorblock:
        opts.sponsorblock_mark = opts.sponsorblock_remove = set()

    default_downloader = None
    for proto, path in opts.external_downloader.items():
        if path == 'native':
            continue
        ed = get_external_downloader(path)
        if ed is None:
            raise ValueError(
                f'No such {format_field(proto, None, "%s ", ignore="default")}external downloader "{path}"')
        elif ed and proto == 'default':
            default_downloader = ed.get_basename()

    warnings, deprecation_warnings = [], []

    # Common mistake: -f best
    if opts.format == 'best':
        warnings.append('.\n         '.join((
            '"-f best" selects the best pre-merged format which is often not the best option',
            'To let yt-dlp download and merge the best available formats, simply do not pass any format selection',
            'If you know what you are doing and want only the best pre-merged format, use "-f b" instead to suppress this warning')))

    # --(postprocessor/downloader)-args without name
    def report_args_compat(name, value, key1, key2=None, where=None):
        if key1 in value and key2 not in value:
            warnings.append(f'{name.title()} arguments given without specifying name. '
                            f'The arguments will be given to {where or f"all {name}s"}')
            return True
        return False

    if report_args_compat('external downloader', opts.external_downloader_args,
                          'default', where=default_downloader) and default_downloader:
        # Compat with youtube-dl's behavior. See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/49c5293014bc11ec8c009856cd63cffa6296c1e1
        opts.external_downloader_args.setdefault(default_downloader, opts.external_downloader_args.pop('default'))

    if report_args_compat('post-processor', opts.postprocessor_args, 'default-compat', 'default'):
        opts.postprocessor_args['default'] = opts.postprocessor_args.pop('default-compat')
        opts.postprocessor_args.setdefault('sponskrub', [])

    def report_conflict(arg1, opt1, arg2='--allow-unplayable-formats', opt2='allow_unplayable_formats',
                        val1=NO_DEFAULT, val2=NO_DEFAULT, default=False):
        if val2 is NO_DEFAULT:
            val2 = getattr(opts, opt2)
        if not val2:
            return

        if val1 is NO_DEFAULT:
            val1 = getattr(opts, opt1)
        if val1:
            warnings.append(f'{arg1} is ignored since {arg2} was given')
        setattr(opts, opt1, default)

    # Conflicting options
    report_conflict('--playlist-reverse', 'playlist_reverse', '--playlist-random', 'playlist_random')
    report_conflict('--playlist-reverse', 'playlist_reverse', '--lazy-playlist', 'lazy_playlist')
    report_conflict('--playlist-random', 'playlist_random', '--lazy-playlist', 'lazy_playlist')
    report_conflict('--dateafter', 'dateafter', '--date', 'date', default=None)
    report_conflict('--datebefore', 'datebefore', '--date', 'date', default=None)
    report_conflict('--exec-before-download', 'exec_before_dl_cmd',
                    '"--exec before_dl:"', 'exec_cmd', val2=opts.exec_cmd.get('before_dl'))
    report_conflict('--id', 'useid', '--output', 'outtmpl', val2=opts.outtmpl.get('default'))
    report_conflict('--remux-video', 'remuxvideo', '--recode-video', 'recodevideo')
    report_conflict('--sponskrub', 'sponskrub', '--remove-chapters', 'remove_chapters')
    report_conflict('--sponskrub', 'sponskrub', '--sponsorblock-mark', 'sponsorblock_mark')
    report_conflict('--sponskrub', 'sponskrub', '--sponsorblock-remove', 'sponsorblock_remove')
    report_conflict('--sponskrub-cut', 'sponskrub_cut', '--split-chapter', 'split_chapters',
                    val1=opts.sponskrub and opts.sponskrub_cut)

    # Conflicts with --allow-unplayable-formats
    report_conflict('--embed-metadata', 'addmetadata')
    report_conflict('--embed-chapters', 'addchapters')
    report_conflict('--embed-info-json', 'embed_infojson')
    report_conflict('--embed-subs', 'embedsubtitles')
    report_conflict('--embed-thumbnail', 'embedthumbnail')
    report_conflict('--extract-audio', 'extractaudio')
    report_conflict('--fixup', 'fixup', val1=opts.fixup not in (None, 'never', 'ignore'), default='never')
    report_conflict('--recode-video', 'recodevideo')
    report_conflict('--remove-chapters', 'remove_chapters', default=[])
    report_conflict('--remux-video', 'remuxvideo')
    report_conflict('--sponskrub', 'sponskrub')
    report_conflict('--sponsorblock-remove', 'sponsorblock_remove', default=set())
    report_conflict('--xattrs', 'xattrs')

    # Fully deprecated options
    def report_deprecation(val, old, new=None):
        if not val:
            return
        deprecation_warnings.append(
            f'{old} is deprecated and may be removed in a future version. Use {new} instead' if new
            else f'{old} is deprecated and may not work as expected')

    report_deprecation(opts.sponskrub, '--sponskrub', '--sponsorblock-mark or --sponsorblock-remove')
    report_deprecation(not opts.prefer_ffmpeg, '--prefer-avconv', 'ffmpeg')
    # report_deprecation(opts.include_ads, '--include-ads')  # We may re-implement this in future
    # report_deprecation(opts.call_home, '--call-home')  # We may re-implement this in future
    # report_deprecation(opts.writeannotations, '--write-annotations')  # It's just that no website has it

    # Dependent options
    opts.date = DateRange.day(opts.date) if opts.date else DateRange(opts.dateafter, opts.datebefore)

    if opts.exec_before_dl_cmd:
        opts.exec_cmd['before_dl'] = opts.exec_before_dl_cmd

    if opts.useid:  # --id is not deprecated in youtube-dl
        opts.outtmpl['default'] = '%(id)s.%(ext)s'

    if opts.overwrites:  # --force-overwrites implies --no-continue
        opts.continue_dl = False

    if (opts.addmetadata or opts.sponsorblock_mark) and opts.addchapters is None:
        # Add chapters when adding metadata or marking sponsors
        opts.addchapters = True

    if opts.extractaudio and not opts.keepvideo and opts.format is None:
        # Do not unnecessarily download audio
        opts.format = 'bestaudio/best'

    if opts.getcomments and opts.writeinfojson is None and not opts.embed_infojson:
        # If JSON is not printed anywhere, but comments are requested, save it to file
        if not opts.dumpjson or opts.print_json or opts.dump_single_json:
            opts.writeinfojson = True

    if opts.allsubtitles and not (opts.embedsubtitles or opts.writeautomaticsub):
        # --all-sub automatically sets --write-sub if --write-auto-sub is not given
        opts.writesubtitles = True

    if opts.addmetadata and opts.embed_infojson is None:
        # If embedding metadata and infojson is present, embed it
        opts.embed_infojson = 'if_exists'

    # Ask for passwords
    if opts.username is not None and opts.password is None:
        opts.password = getpass.getpass('Type account password and press [Return]: ')
    if opts.ap_username is not None and opts.ap_password is None:
        opts.ap_password = getpass.getpass('Type TV provider account password and press [Return]: ')

    return warnings, deprecation_warnings

def get_postprocessors(opts):
    yield from opts.add_postprocessors

    if opts.metapulator_manual is not False:
        yield {
            'key': 'Metapulator',
            'manual': opts.metapulator_manual,
            'auto': opts.metapulator_auto,
            'when': 'pre_process'
        }
    if opts.parse_metadata:
        yield {
            'key': 'MetadataParser',
            'actions': opts.parse_metadata,
            'when': 'pre_process'
        }
    sponsorblock_query = opts.sponsorblock_mark | opts.sponsorblock_remove
    if sponsorblock_query:
        yield {
            'key': 'SponsorBlock',
            'categories': sponsorblock_query,
            'api': opts.sponsorblock_api,
            'when': 'after_filter'
        }
    if opts.convertsubtitles:
        yield {
            'key': 'FFmpegSubtitlesConvertor',
            'format': opts.convertsubtitles,
            'when': 'before_dl'
        }
    if opts.convertthumbnails:
        yield {
            'key': 'FFmpegThumbnailsConvertor',
            'format': opts.convertthumbnails,
            'when': 'before_dl'
        }
    if opts.extractaudio:
        yield {
            'key': 'FFmpegExtractAudio',
            'preferredcodec': opts.audioformat,
            'preferredquality': opts.audioquality,
            'nopostoverwrites': opts.nopostoverwrites,
        }
    if opts.remuxvideo:
        yield {
            'key': 'FFmpegVideoRemuxer',
            'preferedformat': opts.remuxvideo,
        }
    if opts.recodevideo:
        yield {
            'key': 'FFmpegVideoConvertor',
            'preferedformat': opts.recodevideo,
        }
    # If ModifyChapters is going to remove chapters, subtitles must already be in the container.
    if opts.embedsubtitles:
        keep_subs = 'no-keep-subs' not in opts.compat_opts
        yield {
            'key': 'FFmpegEmbedSubtitle',
            # already_have_subtitle = True prevents the file from being deleted after embedding
            'already_have_subtitle': opts.writesubtitles and keep_subs
        }
        if not opts.writeautomaticsub and keep_subs:
            opts.writesubtitles = True

    # ModifyChapters must run before FFmpegMetadataPP
    if opts.remove_chapters or sponsorblock_query:
        yield {
            'key': 'ModifyChapters',
            'remove_chapters_patterns': opts.remove_chapters,
            'remove_sponsor_segments': opts.sponsorblock_remove,
            'remove_ranges': opts.remove_ranges,
            'sponsorblock_chapter_title': opts.sponsorblock_chapter_title,
            'force_keyframes': opts.force_keyframes_at_cuts
        }
    # FFmpegMetadataPP should be run after FFmpegVideoConvertorPP and
    # FFmpegExtractAudioPP as containers before conversion may not support
    # metadata (3gp, webm, etc.)
    # By default ffmpeg preserves metadata applicable for both
    # source and target containers. From this point the container won't change,
    # so metadata can be added here.
    if opts.addmetadata or opts.addchapters or opts.embed_infojson:
        yield {
            'key': 'FFmpegMetadata',
            'add_chapters': opts.addchapters,
            'add_metadata': opts.addmetadata,
            'add_infojson': opts.embed_infojson,
        }
    # Deprecated
    # This should be above EmbedThumbnail since sponskrub removes the thumbnail attachment
    # but must be below EmbedSubtitle and FFmpegMetadata
    # See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/204 , https://github.com/faissaloo/SponSkrub/issues/29
    # If opts.sponskrub is None, sponskrub is used, but it silently fails if the executable can't be found
    if opts.sponskrub is not False:
        yield {
            'key': 'SponSkrub',
            'path': opts.sponskrub_path,
            'args': opts.sponskrub_args,
            'cut': opts.sponskrub_cut,
            'force': opts.sponskrub_force,
            'ignoreerror': opts.sponskrub is None,
            '_from_cli': True,
        }
    if opts.embedthumbnail:
        yield {
            'key': 'EmbedThumbnail',
            # already_have_thumbnail = True prevents the file from being deleted after embedding
            'already_have_thumbnail': opts.writethumbnail
        }
        if not opts.writethumbnail:
            opts.writethumbnail = True
            opts.outtmpl['pl_thumbnail'] = ''
    if opts.split_chapters:
        yield {
            'key': 'FFmpegSplitChapters',
            'force_keyframes': opts.force_keyframes_at_cuts,
        }
    # XAttrMetadataPP should be run after post-processors that may change file contents
    if opts.xattrs:
        yield {'key': 'XAttrMetadata'}
    if opts.concat_playlist != 'never':
        yield {
            'key': 'FFmpegConcat',
            'only_multi_video': opts.concat_playlist != 'always',
            'when': 'playlist',
        }
    # Exec must be the last PP of each category
    for when, exec_cmd in opts.exec_cmd.items():
        yield {
            'key': 'Exec',
            'exec_cmd': exec_cmd,
            'when': when,
        }

ParsedOptions = collections.namedtuple('ParsedOptions', ('parser', 'options', 'urls', 'ydl_opts'))

def parse_options(argv=None, ignore_config_files='if_override'):
    """@returns ParsedOptions(parser, opts, urls, ydl_opts)"""
    parser, opts, urls = parseOpts(argv, ignore_config_files)
    urls = get_urls(urls, opts.batchfile, opts.verbose)

    set_compat_opts(opts)
    try:
        warnings, deprecation_warnings = validate_options(opts)
    except ValueError as err:
        parser.error(f'{err}\n')

    postprocessors = list(get_postprocessors(opts))

    print_only = bool(opts.forceprint) and all(k not in opts.forceprint for k in POSTPROCESS_WHEN[2:])
    any_getting = any(getattr(opts, k) for k in (
        'dumpjson', 'dump_single_json', 'getdescription', 'getduration', 'getfilename',
        'getformat', 'getid', 'getthumbnail', 'gettitle', 'geturl'
    ))

    playlist_pps = [pp for pp in postprocessors if pp.get('when') == 'playlist']
    write_playlist_infojson = (opts.writeinfojson and not opts.clean_infojson
                               and opts.allow_playlist_files and opts.outtmpl.get('pl_infojson') != '')
    if not any((
        opts.extract_flat,
        opts.dump_single_json,
        opts.forceprint.get('playlist'),
        opts.print_to_file.get('playlist'),
        write_playlist_infojson,
    )):
        if not playlist_pps:
            opts.extract_flat = 'discard'
        elif playlist_pps == [{'key': 'FFmpegConcat', 'only_multi_video': True, 'when': 'playlist'}]:
            opts.extract_flat = 'discard_in_playlist'

    final_ext = (
        opts.recodevideo if opts.recodevideo in FFmpegVideoConvertorPP.SUPPORTED_EXTS
        else opts.remuxvideo if opts.remuxvideo in FFmpegVideoRemuxerPP.SUPPORTED_EXTS
        else opts.audioformat if (opts.extractaudio and opts.audioformat in FFmpegExtractAudioPP.SUPPORTED_EXTS)
        else None)

    return ParsedOptions(parser, opts, urls, {
        'usenetrc': opts.usenetrc,
        'netrc_location': opts.netrc_location,
        'username': opts.username,
        'password': opts.password,
        'twofactor': opts.twofactor,
        'videopassword': opts.videopassword,
        'ap_mso': opts.ap_mso,
        'ap_username': opts.ap_username,
        'ap_password': opts.ap_password,
        'client_certificate': opts.client_certificate,
        'client_certificate_key': opts.client_certificate_key,
        'client_certificate_password': opts.client_certificate_password,
        'quiet': opts.quiet or any_getting or opts.print_json or bool(opts.forceprint),
        'no_warnings': opts.no_warnings,
        'forceurl': opts.geturl,
        'forcetitle': opts.gettitle,
        'forceid': opts.getid,
        'forcethumbnail': opts.getthumbnail,
        'forcedescription': opts.getdescription,
        'forceduration': opts.getduration,
        'forcefilename': opts.getfilename,
        'forceformat': opts.getformat,
        'forceprint': opts.forceprint,
        'print_to_file': opts.print_to_file,
        'forcejson': opts.dumpjson or opts.print_json,
        'dump_single_json': opts.dump_single_json,
        'force_write_download_archive': opts.force_write_download_archive,
        'simulate': (print_only or any_getting or None) if opts.simulate is None else opts.simulate,
        'skip_download': opts.skip_download,
        'format': opts.format,
        'allow_unplayable_formats': opts.allow_unplayable_formats,
        'ignore_no_formats_error': opts.ignore_no_formats_error,
        'format_sort': opts.format_sort,
        'format_sort_force': opts.format_sort_force,
        'allow_multiple_video_streams': opts.allow_multiple_video_streams,
        'allow_multiple_audio_streams': opts.allow_multiple_audio_streams,
        'check_formats': opts.check_formats,
        'listformats': opts.listformats,
        'listformats_table': opts.listformats_table,
        'outtmpl': opts.outtmpl,
        'outtmpl_na_placeholder': opts.outtmpl_na_placeholder,
        'paths': opts.paths,
        'autonumber_size': opts.autonumber_size,
        'autonumber_start': opts.autonumber_start,
        'restrictfilenames': opts.restrictfilenames,
        'windowsfilenames': opts.windowsfilenames,
        'ignoreerrors': opts.ignoreerrors,
        'force_generic_extractor': opts.force_generic_extractor,
        'allowed_extractors': opts.allowed_extractors or ['default'],
        'ratelimit': opts.ratelimit,
        'throttledratelimit': opts.throttledratelimit,
        'overwrites': opts.overwrites,
        'retries': opts.retries,
        'file_access_retries': opts.file_access_retries,
        'fragment_retries': opts.fragment_retries,
        'extractor_retries': opts.extractor_retries,
        'retry_sleep_functions': opts.retry_sleep,
        'skip_unavailable_fragments': opts.skip_unavailable_fragments,
        'keep_fragments': opts.keep_fragments,
        'concurrent_fragment_downloads': opts.concurrent_fragment_downloads,
        'buffersize': opts.buffersize,
        'noresizebuffer': opts.noresizebuffer,
        'http_chunk_size': opts.http_chunk_size,
        'continuedl': opts.continue_dl,
        'noprogress': opts.quiet if opts.noprogress is None else opts.noprogress,
        'progress_with_newline': opts.progress_with_newline,
        'progress_template': opts.progress_template,
        'playliststart': opts.playliststart,
        'playlistend': opts.playlistend,
        'playlistreverse': opts.playlist_reverse,
        'playlistrandom': opts.playlist_random,
        'lazy_playlist': opts.lazy_playlist,
        'noplaylist': opts.noplaylist,
        'logtostderr': opts.outtmpl.get('default') == '-',
        'consoletitle': opts.consoletitle,
        'nopart': opts.nopart,
        'updatetime': opts.updatetime,
        'writedescription': opts.writedescription,
        'writeannotations': opts.writeannotations,
        'writeinfojson': opts.writeinfojson,
        'allow_playlist_files': opts.allow_playlist_files,
        'clean_infojson': opts.clean_infojson,
        'getcomments': opts.getcomments,
        'writethumbnail': opts.writethumbnail is True,
        'write_all_thumbnails': opts.writethumbnail == 'all',
        'writelink': opts.writelink,
        'writeurllink': opts.writeurllink,
        'writewebloclink': opts.writewebloclink,
        'writedesktoplink': opts.writedesktoplink,
        'writesubtitles': opts.writesubtitles,
        'writeautomaticsub': opts.writeautomaticsub,
        'allsubtitles': opts.allsubtitles,
        'listsubtitles': opts.listsubtitles,
        'subtitlesformat': opts.subtitlesformat,
        'subtitleslangs': opts.subtitleslangs,
        'matchtitle': decodeOption(opts.matchtitle),
        'rejecttitle': decodeOption(opts.rejecttitle),
        'max_downloads': opts.max_downloads,
        'prefer_free_formats': opts.prefer_free_formats,
        'trim_file_name': opts.trim_file_name,
        'verbose': opts.verbose,
        'dump_intermediate_pages': opts.dump_intermediate_pages,
        'write_pages': opts.write_pages,
        'load_pages': opts.load_pages,
        'test': opts.test,
        'keepvideo': opts.keepvideo,
        'min_filesize': opts.min_filesize,
        'max_filesize': opts.max_filesize,
        'min_views': opts.min_views,
        'max_views': opts.max_views,
        'daterange': opts.date,
        'cachedir': opts.cachedir,
        'youtube_print_sig_code': opts.youtube_print_sig_code,
        'age_limit': opts.age_limit,
        'download_archive': opts.download_archive,
        'break_on_existing': opts.break_on_existing,
        'break_on_reject': opts.break_on_reject,
        'break_per_url': opts.break_per_url,
        'skip_playlist_after_errors': opts.skip_playlist_after_errors,
        'cookiefile': opts.cookiefile,
        'cookiesfrombrowser': opts.cookiesfrombrowser,
        'legacyserverconnect': opts.legacy_server_connect,
        'nocheckcertificate': opts.no_check_certificate,
        'prefer_insecure': opts.prefer_insecure,
        'http_headers': opts.headers,
        'proxy': opts.proxy,
        'socket_timeout': opts.socket_timeout,
        'bidi_workaround': opts.bidi_workaround,
        'debug_printtraffic': opts.debug_printtraffic,
        'prefer_ffmpeg': opts.prefer_ffmpeg,
        'include_ads': opts.include_ads,
        'default_search': opts.default_search,
        'dynamic_mpd': opts.dynamic_mpd,
        'extractor_args': opts.extractor_args,
        'youtube_include_dash_manifest': opts.youtube_include_dash_manifest,
        'youtube_include_hls_manifest': opts.youtube_include_hls_manifest,
        'encoding': opts.encoding,
        'extract_flat': opts.extract_flat,
        'live_from_start': opts.live_from_start,
        'wait_for_video': opts.wait_for_video,
        'mark_watched': opts.mark_watched,
        'merge_output_format': opts.merge_output_format,
        'final_ext': final_ext,
        'postprocessors': postprocessors,
        'fixup': opts.fixup,
        'source_address': opts.source_address,
        'call_home': opts.call_home,
        'sleep_interval_requests': opts.sleep_interval_requests,
        'sleep_interval': opts.sleep_interval,
        'max_sleep_interval': opts.max_sleep_interval,
        'sleep_before_extract': opts.sleep_before_extract,
        'max_sleep_before_extract': opts.max_sleep_before_extract,
        'sleep_interval_subtitles': opts.sleep_interval_subtitles,
        'external_downloader': opts.external_downloader,
        'download_ranges': opts.download_ranges,
        'force_keyframes_at_cuts': opts.force_keyframes_at_cuts,
        'list_thumbnails': opts.list_thumbnails,
        'playlist_items': opts.playlist_items,
        'xattr_set_filesize': opts.xattr_set_filesize,
        'match_filter': opts.match_filter,
        'no_color': opts.no_color,
        'ffmpeg_location': opts.ffmpeg_location,
        'hls_prefer_native': opts.hls_prefer_native,
        'hls_use_mpegts': opts.hls_use_mpegts,
        'hls_split_discontinuity': opts.hls_split_discontinuity,
        'external_downloader_args': opts.external_downloader_args,
        'postprocessor_args': opts.postprocessor_args,
        'cn_verification_proxy': opts.cn_verification_proxy,
        'geo_verification_proxy': opts.geo_verification_proxy,
        'geo_bypass': opts.geo_bypass,
        'geo_bypass_country': opts.geo_bypass_country,
        'geo_bypass_ip_block': opts.geo_bypass_ip_block,
        '_warnings': warnings,
        '_deprecation_warnings': deprecation_warnings,
        'compat_opts': opts.compat_opts,

        'check_mastodon_instance': opts.check_mastodon_instance,
        'check_peertube_instance': opts.check_peertube_instance,
        'check_misskey_instance': opts.check_misskey_instance,
        'escape_long_names': opts.escape_long_names,
        'test_filename': opts.test_filename,
        'printjsontypes': opts.printjsontypes,
        'live_download_mkv': opts.live_download_mkv,
        'lock_exclusive': opts.lock_exclusive,
        'use_modern_tls_cipher': opts.use_modern_tls_cipher,
        'enable_native_progress': opts.enable_native_progress,
        'env_in_outtmpl': opts.env_in_outtmpl,
    })

def _real_main(argv=None):
    setproctitle('yt-dlp')

    parser, opts, all_urls, ydl_opts = parse_options(argv)

    # Dump user agent
    if opts.dump_user_agent:
        ua = traverse_obj(opts.headers, 'User-Agent', casesense=False, default=std_headers['User-Agent'])
        write_string(f'{ua}\n', out=sys.stdout)
        return

    if print_extractor_information(opts, all_urls):
        return

    # We may need ffmpeg_location without having access to the YoutubeDL instance
    # See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/2191
    if opts.ffmpeg_location:
        FFmpegPostProcessor._ffmpeg_location.set(opts.ffmpeg_location)

    with YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
        pre_process = opts.update_self or opts.rm_cachedir
        actual_use = all_urls or opts.load_info_filename

        if opts.rm_cachedir:
            ydl.cache.remove()

        updater = Updater(ydl)
        if opts.update_self and updater.update() and actual_use:
            if updater.cmd:
                return updater.restart()
            # This code is reachable only for zip variant in py < 3.10
            # It makes sense to exit here, but the old behavior is to continue
            ydl.report_warning('Restart yt-dlp to use the updated version')
            # return 100, 'ERROR: The program must exit for the update to complete'

        if not actual_use:
            if pre_process:
                return ydl._download_retcode

            ydl.warn_if_short_id(sys.argv[1:] if argv is None else argv)
            parser.error(
                'You must provide at least one URL.\n'
                'Type yt-dlp --help to see a list of all options.')

        parser.destroy()
        try:
            if opts.load_info_filename is not None:
                return ydl.download_with_info_file(expand_path(opts.load_info_filename))
            else:
                return ydl.download(all_urls)
        except DownloadCancelled:
            ydl.to_screen('Aborting remaining downloads')
            return 101

def main(argv=None):
    try:
        _exit(*variadic(_real_main(argv)))
    except DownloadError:
        _exit(1)
    except SameFileError as e:
        _exit(f'ERROR: {e}')
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        _exit('\nERROR: Interrupted by user')
    except BrokenPipeError as e:
        # https://docs.python.org/3/library/signal.html#note-on-sigpipe
        devnull = os.open(os.devnull, os.O_WRONLY)
        os.dup2(devnull, sys.stdout.fileno())
        _exit(f'\nERROR: {e}')
    except optparse.OptParseError as e:
        _exit(2, f'\n{e}')

from .extractor import gen_extractors, list_extractors

__all__ = [
    'main',
    'YoutubeDL',
    'parse_options',
    'gen_extractors',
    'list_extractors',
]

repo_name: Lesmiscore/ytdl


code:
#!/usr/bin/env python3

# Execute with
# $ python -m yt_dlp

import sys

if __package__ is None and not hasattr(sys, 'frozen'):
    # direct call of __main__.py
    import os.path
    path = os.path.realpath(os.path.abspath(__file__))
    sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(path)))

# assign sys.argv[0] anything better if it's None or ''
#  or it somehow break Jython
if not sys.argv[0]:
    sys.argv[0] = 'youtube-dl'

import yt_dlp

if __name__ == '__main__':
    yt_dlp._IN_CLI = True
    yt_dlp.main()


code:
import base64
from math import ceil

from .compat import compat_ord
from .dependencies import Cryptodome_AES
from .utils import bytes_to_intlist, intlist_to_bytes

if Cryptodome_AES:
    def aes_cbc_decrypt_bytes(data, key, iv):
        """ Decrypt bytes with AES-CBC using pycryptodome """
        return Cryptodome_AES.new(key, Cryptodome_AES.MODE_CBC, iv).decrypt(data)

    def aes_gcm_decrypt_and_verify_bytes(data, key, tag, nonce):
        """ Decrypt bytes with AES-GCM using pycryptodome """
        return Cryptodome_AES.new(key, Cryptodome_AES.MODE_GCM, nonce).decrypt_and_verify(data, tag)

else:
    def aes_cbc_decrypt_bytes(data, key, iv):
        """ Decrypt bytes with AES-CBC using native implementation since pycryptodome is unavailable """
        return intlist_to_bytes(aes_cbc_decrypt(*map(bytes_to_intlist, (data, key, iv))))

    def aes_gcm_decrypt_and_verify_bytes(data, key, tag, nonce):
        """ Decrypt bytes with AES-GCM using native implementation since pycryptodome is unavailable """
        return intlist_to_bytes(aes_gcm_decrypt_and_verify(*map(bytes_to_intlist, (data, key, tag, nonce))))

def aes_cbc_encrypt_bytes(data, key, iv, **kwargs):
    return intlist_to_bytes(aes_cbc_encrypt(*map(bytes_to_intlist, (data, key, iv)), **kwargs))

def unpad_pkcs7(data):
    return data[:-compat_ord(data[-1])]

BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES = 16

def pad_block(block, padding_mode):
    """
    Pad a block with the given padding mode
    @param {int[]} block        block to pad
    @param padding_mode         padding mode
    """
    padding_size = BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES - len(block)

    PADDING_BYTE = {
        'pkcs7': padding_size,
        'iso7816': 0x0,
        'whitespace': 0x20,
        'zero': 0x0,
    }

    if padding_size < 0:
        raise ValueError('Block size exceeded')
    elif padding_mode not in PADDING_BYTE:
        raise NotImplementedError(f'Padding mode {padding_mode} is not implemented')

    if padding_mode == 'iso7816' and padding_size:
        block = block + [0x80]  # NB: += mutates list
        padding_size -= 1

    return block + [PADDING_BYTE[padding_mode]] * padding_size

def aes_ecb_encrypt(data, key, iv=None):
    """
    Encrypt with aes in ECB mode

    @param {int[]} data        cleartext
    @param {int[]} key         16/24/32-Byte cipher key
    @param {int[]} iv          Unused for this mode
    @returns {int[]}           encrypted data
    """
    expanded_key = key_expansion(key)
    block_count = int(ceil(float(len(data)) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES))

    encrypted_data = []
    for i in range(block_count):
        block = data[i * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES: (i + 1) * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES]
        encrypted_data += aes_encrypt(block, expanded_key)
    encrypted_data = encrypted_data[:len(data)]

    return encrypted_data

def aes_ecb_decrypt(data, key, iv=None):
    """
    Decrypt with aes in ECB mode

    @param {int[]} data        cleartext
    @param {int[]} key         16/24/32-Byte cipher key
    @param {int[]} iv          Unused for this mode
    @returns {int[]}           decrypted data
    """
    expanded_key = key_expansion(key)
    block_count = int(ceil(float(len(data)) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES))

    encrypted_data = []
    for i in range(block_count):
        block = data[i * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES: (i + 1) * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES]
        encrypted_data += aes_decrypt(block, expanded_key)
    encrypted_data = encrypted_data[:len(data)]

    return encrypted_data

def aes_ctr_decrypt(data, key, iv):
    """
    Decrypt with aes in counter mode

    @param {int[]} data        cipher
    @param {int[]} key         16/24/32-Byte cipher key
    @param {int[]} iv          16-Byte initialization vector
    @returns {int[]}           decrypted data
    """
    return aes_ctr_encrypt(data, key, iv)

def aes_ctr_encrypt(data, key, iv):
    """
    Encrypt with aes in counter mode

    @param {int[]} data        cleartext
    @param {int[]} key         16/24/32-Byte cipher key
    @param {int[]} iv          16-Byte initialization vector
    @returns {int[]}           encrypted data
    """
    expanded_key = key_expansion(key)
    block_count = int(ceil(float(len(data)) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES))
    counter = iter_vector(iv)

    encrypted_data = []
    for i in range(block_count):
        counter_block = next(counter)
        block = data[i * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES: (i + 1) * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES]
        block += [0] * (BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES - len(block))

        cipher_counter_block = aes_encrypt(counter_block, expanded_key)
        encrypted_data += xor(block, cipher_counter_block)
    encrypted_data = encrypted_data[:len(data)]

    return encrypted_data

def aes_cbc_decrypt(data, key, iv):
    """
    Decrypt with aes in CBC mode

    @param {int[]} data        cipher
    @param {int[]} key         16/24/32-Byte cipher key
    @param {int[]} iv          16-Byte IV
    @returns {int[]}           decrypted data
    """
    expanded_key = key_expansion(key)
    block_count = int(ceil(float(len(data)) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES))

    decrypted_data = []
    previous_cipher_block = iv
    for i in range(block_count):
        block = data[i * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES: (i + 1) * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES]
        block += [0] * (BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES - len(block))

        decrypted_block = aes_decrypt(block, expanded_key)
        decrypted_data += xor(decrypted_block, previous_cipher_block)
        previous_cipher_block = block
    decrypted_data = decrypted_data[:len(data)]

    return decrypted_data

def aes_cbc_encrypt(data, key, iv, *, padding_mode='pkcs7'):
    """
    Encrypt with aes in CBC mode

    @param {int[]} data        cleartext
    @param {int[]} key         16/24/32-Byte cipher key
    @param {int[]} iv          16-Byte IV
    @param padding_mode        Padding mode to use
    @returns {int[]}           encrypted data
    """
    expanded_key = key_expansion(key)
    block_count = int(ceil(float(len(data)) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES))

    encrypted_data = []
    previous_cipher_block = iv
    for i in range(block_count):
        block = data[i * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES: (i + 1) * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES]
        block = pad_block(block, padding_mode)

        mixed_block = xor(block, previous_cipher_block)

        encrypted_block = aes_encrypt(mixed_block, expanded_key)
        encrypted_data += encrypted_block

        previous_cipher_block = encrypted_block

    return encrypted_data

def aes_gcm_decrypt_and_verify(data, key, tag, nonce):
    """
    Decrypt with aes in GBM mode and checks authenticity using tag

    @param {int[]} data        cipher
    @param {int[]} key         16-Byte cipher key
    @param {int[]} tag         authentication tag
    @param {int[]} nonce       IV (recommended 12-Byte)
    @returns {int[]}           decrypted data
    """

    # XXX: check aes, gcm param

    hash_subkey = aes_encrypt([0] * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES, key_expansion(key))

    if len(nonce) == 12:
        j0 = nonce + [0, 0, 0, 1]
    else:
        fill = (BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES - (len(nonce) % BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES)) % BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES + 8
        ghash_in = nonce + [0] * fill + bytes_to_intlist((8 * len(nonce)).to_bytes(8, 'big'))
        j0 = ghash(hash_subkey, ghash_in)

    # TODO: add nonce support to aes_ctr_decrypt

    # nonce_ctr = j0[:12]
    iv_ctr = inc(j0)

    decrypted_data = aes_ctr_decrypt(data, key, iv_ctr + [0] * (BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES - len(iv_ctr)))
    pad_len = len(data) // 16 * 16
    s_tag = ghash(
        hash_subkey,
        data
        + [0] * (BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES - len(data) + pad_len)        # pad
        + bytes_to_intlist((0 * 8).to_bytes(8, 'big')           # length of associated data
                           + ((len(data) * 8).to_bytes(8, 'big')))  # length of data
    )

    if tag != aes_ctr_encrypt(s_tag, key, j0):
        raise ValueError("Mismatching authentication tag")

    return decrypted_data

def aes_encrypt(data, expanded_key):
    """
    Encrypt one block with aes

    @param {int[]} data          16-Byte state
    @param {int[]} expanded_key  176/208/240-Byte expanded key
    @returns {int[]}             16-Byte cipher
    """
    rounds = len(expanded_key) // BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES - 1

    data = xor(data, expanded_key[:BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES])
    for i in range(1, rounds + 1):
        data = sub_bytes(data)
        data = shift_rows(data)
        if i != rounds:
            data = list(iter_mix_columns(data, MIX_COLUMN_MATRIX))
        data = xor(data, expanded_key[i * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES: (i + 1) * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES])

    return data

def aes_decrypt(data, expanded_key):
    """
    Decrypt one block with aes

    @param {int[]} data          16-Byte cipher
    @param {int[]} expanded_key  176/208/240-Byte expanded key
    @returns {int[]}             16-Byte state
    """
    rounds = len(expanded_key) // BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES - 1

    for i in range(rounds, 0, -1):
        data = xor(data, expanded_key[i * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES: (i + 1) * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES])
        if i != rounds:
            data = list(iter_mix_columns(data, MIX_COLUMN_MATRIX_INV))
        data = shift_rows_inv(data)
        data = sub_bytes_inv(data)
    data = xor(data, expanded_key[:BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES])

    return data

def aes_decrypt_text(data, password, key_size_bytes):
    """
    Decrypt text
    - The first 8 Bytes of decoded 'data' are the 8 high Bytes of the counter
    - The cipher key is retrieved by encrypting the first 16 Byte of 'password'
      with the first 'key_size_bytes' Bytes from 'password' (if necessary filled with 0's)
    - Mode of operation is 'counter'

    @param {str} data                    Base64 encoded string
    @param {str,unicode} password        Password (will be encoded with utf-8)
    @param {int} key_size_bytes          Possible values: 16 for 128-Bit, 24 for 192-Bit or 32 for 256-Bit
    @returns {str}                       Decrypted data
    """
    NONCE_LENGTH_BYTES = 8

    data = bytes_to_intlist(base64.b64decode(data))
    password = bytes_to_intlist(password.encode())

    key = password[:key_size_bytes] + [0] * (key_size_bytes - len(password))
    key = aes_encrypt(key[:BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES], key_expansion(key)) * (key_size_bytes // BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES)

    nonce = data[:NONCE_LENGTH_BYTES]
    cipher = data[NONCE_LENGTH_BYTES:]

    decrypted_data = aes_ctr_decrypt(cipher, key, nonce + [0] * (BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES - NONCE_LENGTH_BYTES))
    plaintext = intlist_to_bytes(decrypted_data)

    return plaintext

RCON = (0x8d, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36)
SBOX = (0x63, 0x7C, 0x77, 0x7B, 0xF2, 0x6B, 0x6F, 0xC5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2B, 0xFE, 0xD7, 0xAB, 0x76,
        0xCA, 0x82, 0xC9, 0x7D, 0xFA, 0x59, 0x47, 0xF0, 0xAD, 0xD4, 0xA2, 0xAF, 0x9C, 0xA4, 0x72, 0xC0,
        0xB7, 0xFD, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3F, 0xF7, 0xCC, 0x34, 0xA5, 0xE5, 0xF1, 0x71, 0xD8, 0x31, 0x15,
        0x04, 0xC7, 0x23, 0xC3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9A, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xE2, 0xEB, 0x27, 0xB2, 0x75,
        0x09, 0x83, 0x2C, 0x1A, 0x1B, 0x6E, 0x5A, 0xA0, 0x52, 0x3B, 0xD6, 0xB3, 0x29, 0xE3, 0x2F, 0x84,
        0x53, 0xD1, 0x00, 0xED, 0x20, 0xFC, 0xB1, 0x5B, 0x6A, 0xCB, 0xBE, 0x39, 0x4A, 0x4C, 0x58, 0xCF,
        0xD0, 0xEF, 0xAA, 0xFB, 0x43, 0x4D, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xF9, 0x02, 0x7F, 0x50, 0x3C, 0x9F, 0xA8,
        0x51, 0xA3, 0x40, 0x8F, 0x92, 0x9D, 0x38, 0xF5, 0xBC, 0xB6, 0xDA, 0x21, 0x10, 0xFF, 0xF3, 0xD2,
        0xCD, 0x0C, 0x13, 0xEC, 0x5F, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xC4, 0xA7, 0x7E, 0x3D, 0x64, 0x5D, 0x19, 0x73,
        0x60, 0x81, 0x4F, 0xDC, 0x22, 0x2A, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xEE, 0xB8, 0x14, 0xDE, 0x5E, 0x0B, 0xDB,
        0xE0, 0x32, 0x3A, 0x0A, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5C, 0xC2, 0xD3, 0xAC, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xE4, 0x79,
        0xE7, 0xC8, 0x37, 0x6D, 0x8D, 0xD5, 0x4E, 0xA9, 0x6C, 0x56, 0xF4, 0xEA, 0x65, 0x7A, 0xAE, 0x08,
        0xBA, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2E, 0x1C, 0xA6, 0xB4, 0xC6, 0xE8, 0xDD, 0x74, 0x1F, 0x4B, 0xBD, 0x8B, 0x8A,
        0x70, 0x3E, 0xB5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xF6, 0x0E, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xB9, 0x86, 0xC1, 0x1D, 0x9E,
        0xE1, 0xF8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xD9, 0x8E, 0x94, 0x9B, 0x1E, 0x87, 0xE9, 0xCE, 0x55, 0x28, 0xDF,
        0x8C, 0xA1, 0x89, 0x0D, 0xBF, 0xE6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2D, 0x0F, 0xB0, 0x54, 0xBB, 0x16)
SBOX_INV = (0x52, 0x09, 0x6a, 0xd5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xa5, 0x38, 0xbf, 0x40, 0xa3, 0x9e, 0x81, 0xf3, 0xd7, 0xfb,
            0x7c, 0xe3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9b, 0x2f, 0xff, 0x87, 0x34, 0x8e, 0x43, 0x44, 0xc4, 0xde, 0xe9, 0xcb,
            0x54, 0x7b, 0x94, 0x32, 0xa6, 0xc2, 0x23, 0x3d, 0xee, 0x4c, 0x95, 0x0b, 0x42, 0xfa, 0xc3, 0x4e,
            0x08, 0x2e, 0xa1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x24, 0xb2, 0x76, 0x5b, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x6d, 0x8b, 0xd1, 0x25,
            0x72, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16, 0xd4, 0xa4, 0x5c, 0xcc, 0x5d, 0x65, 0xb6, 0x92,
            0x6c, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xfd, 0xed, 0xb9, 0xda, 0x5e, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xa7, 0x8d, 0x9d, 0x84,
            0x90, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x00, 0x8c, 0xbc, 0xd3, 0x0a, 0xf7, 0xe4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xb8, 0xb3, 0x45, 0x06,
            0xd0, 0x2c, 0x1e, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0x02, 0xc1, 0xaf, 0xbd, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8a, 0x6b,
            0x3a, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4f, 0x67, 0xdc, 0xea, 0x97, 0xf2, 0xcf, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xb4, 0xe6, 0x73,
            0x96, 0xac, 0x74, 0x22, 0xe7, 0xad, 0x35, 0x85, 0xe2, 0xf9, 0x37, 0xe8, 0x1c, 0x75, 0xdf, 0x6e,
            0x47, 0xf1, 0x1a, 0x71, 0x1d, 0x29, 0xc5, 0x89, 0x6f, 0xb7, 0x62, 0x0e, 0xaa, 0x18, 0xbe, 0x1b,
            0xfc, 0x56, 0x3e, 0x4b, 0xc6, 0xd2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x9a, 0xdb, 0xc0, 0xfe, 0x78, 0xcd, 0x5a, 0xf4,
            0x1f, 0xdd, 0xa8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xc7, 0x31, 0xb1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xec, 0x5f,
            0x60, 0x51, 0x7f, 0xa9, 0x19, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x0d, 0x2d, 0xe5, 0x7a, 0x9f, 0x93, 0xc9, 0x9c, 0xef,
            0xa0, 0xe0, 0x3b, 0x4d, 0xae, 0x2a, 0xf5, 0xb0, 0xc8, 0xeb, 0xbb, 0x3c, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61,
            0x17, 0x2b, 0x04, 0x7e, 0xba, 0x77, 0xd6, 0x26, 0xe1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0c, 0x7d)
MIX_COLUMN_MATRIX = ((0x2, 0x3, 0x1, 0x1),
                     (0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x1),
                     (0x1, 0x1, 0x2, 0x3),
                     (0x3, 0x1, 0x1, 0x2))
MIX_COLUMN_MATRIX_INV = ((0xE, 0xB, 0xD, 0x9),
                         (0x9, 0xE, 0xB, 0xD),
                         (0xD, 0x9, 0xE, 0xB),
                         (0xB, 0xD, 0x9, 0xE))
RIJNDAEL_EXP_TABLE = (0x01, 0x03, 0x05, 0x0F, 0x11, 0x33, 0x55, 0xFF, 0x1A, 0x2E, 0x72, 0x96, 0xA1, 0xF8, 0x13, 0x35,
                      0x5F, 0xE1, 0x38, 0x48, 0xD8, 0x73, 0x95, 0xA4, 0xF7, 0x02, 0x06, 0x0A, 0x1E, 0x22, 0x66, 0xAA,
                      0xE5, 0x34, 0x5C, 0xE4, 0x37, 0x59, 0xEB, 0x26, 0x6A, 0xBE, 0xD9, 0x70, 0x90, 0xAB, 0xE6, 0x31,
                      0x53, 0xF5, 0x04, 0x0C, 0x14, 0x3C, 0x44, 0xCC, 0x4F, 0xD1, 0x68, 0xB8, 0xD3, 0x6E, 0xB2, 0xCD,
                      0x4C, 0xD4, 0x67, 0xA9, 0xE0, 0x3B, 0x4D, 0xD7, 0x62, 0xA6, 0xF1, 0x08, 0x18, 0x28, 0x78, 0x88,
                      0x83, 0x9E, 0xB9, 0xD0, 0x6B, 0xBD, 0xDC, 0x7F, 0x81, 0x98, 0xB3, 0xCE, 0x49, 0xDB, 0x76, 0x9A,
                      0xB5, 0xC4, 0x57, 0xF9, 0x10, 0x30, 0x50, 0xF0, 0x0B, 0x1D, 0x27, 0x69, 0xBB, 0xD6, 0x61, 0xA3,
                      0xFE, 0x19, 0x2B, 0x7D, 0x87, 0x92, 0xAD, 0xEC, 0x2F, 0x71, 0x93, 0xAE, 0xE9, 0x20, 0x60, 0xA0,
                      0xFB, 0x16, 0x3A, 0x4E, 0xD2, 0x6D, 0xB7, 0xC2, 0x5D, 0xE7, 0x32, 0x56, 0xFA, 0x15, 0x3F, 0x41,
                      0xC3, 0x5E, 0xE2, 0x3D, 0x47, 0xC9, 0x40, 0xC0, 0x5B, 0xED, 0x2C, 0x74, 0x9C, 0xBF, 0xDA, 0x75,
                      0x9F, 0xBA, 0xD5, 0x64, 0xAC, 0xEF, 0x2A, 0x7E, 0x82, 0x9D, 0xBC, 0xDF, 0x7A, 0x8E, 0x89, 0x80,
                      0x9B, 0xB6, 0xC1, 0x58, 0xE8, 0x23, 0x65, 0xAF, 0xEA, 0x25, 0x6F, 0xB1, 0xC8, 0x43, 0xC5, 0x54,
                      0xFC, 0x1F, 0x21, 0x63, 0xA5, 0xF4, 0x07, 0x09, 0x1B, 0x2D, 0x77, 0x99, 0xB0, 0xCB, 0x46, 0xCA,
                      0x45, 0xCF, 0x4A, 0xDE, 0x79, 0x8B, 0x86, 0x91, 0xA8, 0xE3, 0x3E, 0x42, 0xC6, 0x51, 0xF3, 0x0E,
                      0x12, 0x36, 0x5A, 0xEE, 0x29, 0x7B, 0x8D, 0x8C, 0x8F, 0x8A, 0x85, 0x94, 0xA7, 0xF2, 0x0D, 0x17,
                      0x39, 0x4B, 0xDD, 0x7C, 0x84, 0x97, 0xA2, 0xFD, 0x1C, 0x24, 0x6C, 0xB4, 0xC7, 0x52, 0xF6, 0x01)
RIJNDAEL_LOG_TABLE = (0x00, 0x00, 0x19, 0x01, 0x32, 0x02, 0x1a, 0xc6, 0x4b, 0xc7, 0x1b, 0x68, 0x33, 0xee, 0xdf, 0x03,
                      0x64, 0x04, 0xe0, 0x0e, 0x34, 0x8d, 0x81, 0xef, 0x4c, 0x71, 0x08, 0xc8, 0xf8, 0x69, 0x1c, 0xc1,
                      0x7d, 0xc2, 0x1d, 0xb5, 0xf9, 0xb9, 0x27, 0x6a, 0x4d, 0xe4, 0xa6, 0x72, 0x9a, 0xc9, 0x09, 0x78,
                      0x65, 0x2f, 0x8a, 0x05, 0x21, 0x0f, 0xe1, 0x24, 0x12, 0xf0, 0x82, 0x45, 0x35, 0x93, 0xda, 0x8e,
                      0x96, 0x8f, 0xdb, 0xbd, 0x36, 0xd0, 0xce, 0x94, 0x13, 0x5c, 0xd2, 0xf1, 0x40, 0x46, 0x83, 0x38,
                      0x66, 0xdd, 0xfd, 0x30, 0xbf, 0x06, 0x8b, 0x62, 0xb3, 0x25, 0xe2, 0x98, 0x22, 0x88, 0x91, 0x10,
                      0x7e, 0x6e, 0x48, 0xc3, 0xa3, 0xb6, 0x1e, 0x42, 0x3a, 0x6b, 0x28, 0x54, 0xfa, 0x85, 0x3d, 0xba,
                      0x2b, 0x79, 0x0a, 0x15, 0x9b, 0x9f, 0x5e, 0xca, 0x4e, 0xd4, 0xac, 0xe5, 0xf3, 0x73, 0xa7, 0x57,
                      0xaf, 0x58, 0xa8, 0x50, 0xf4, 0xea, 0xd6, 0x74, 0x4f, 0xae, 0xe9, 0xd5, 0xe7, 0xe6, 0xad, 0xe8,
                      0x2c, 0xd7, 0x75, 0x7a, 0xeb, 0x16, 0x0b, 0xf5, 0x59, 0xcb, 0x5f, 0xb0, 0x9c, 0xa9, 0x51, 0xa0,
                      0x7f, 0x0c, 0xf6, 0x6f, 0x17, 0xc4, 0x49, 0xec, 0xd8, 0x43, 0x1f, 0x2d, 0xa4, 0x76, 0x7b, 0xb7,
                      0xcc, 0xbb, 0x3e, 0x5a, 0xfb, 0x60, 0xb1, 0x86, 0x3b, 0x52, 0xa1, 0x6c, 0xaa, 0x55, 0x29, 0x9d,
                      0x97, 0xb2, 0x87, 0x90, 0x61, 0xbe, 0xdc, 0xfc, 0xbc, 0x95, 0xcf, 0xcd, 0x37, 0x3f, 0x5b, 0xd1,
                      0x53, 0x39, 0x84, 0x3c, 0x41, 0xa2, 0x6d, 0x47, 0x14, 0x2a, 0x9e, 0x5d, 0x56, 0xf2, 0xd3, 0xab,
                      0x44, 0x11, 0x92, 0xd9, 0x23, 0x20, 0x2e, 0x89, 0xb4, 0x7c, 0xb8, 0x26, 0x77, 0x99, 0xe3, 0xa5,
                      0x67, 0x4a, 0xed, 0xde, 0xc5, 0x31, 0xfe, 0x18, 0x0d, 0x63, 0x8c, 0x80, 0xc0, 0xf7, 0x70, 0x07)

def key_expansion(data):
    """
    Generate key schedule

    @param {int[]} data  16/24/32-Byte cipher key
    @returns {int[]}     176/208/240-Byte expanded key
    """
    data = data[:]  # copy
    rcon_iteration = 1
    key_size_bytes = len(data)
    expanded_key_size_bytes = (key_size_bytes // 4 + 7) * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES

    while len(data) < expanded_key_size_bytes:
        temp = data[-4:]
        temp = key_schedule_core(temp, rcon_iteration)
        rcon_iteration += 1
        data += xor(temp, data[-key_size_bytes: 4 - key_size_bytes])

        for _ in range(3):
            temp = data[-4:]
            data += xor(temp, data[-key_size_bytes: 4 - key_size_bytes])

        if key_size_bytes == 32:
            temp = data[-4:]
            temp = sub_bytes(temp)
            data += xor(temp, data[-key_size_bytes: 4 - key_size_bytes])

        for _ in range(3 if key_size_bytes == 32 else 2 if key_size_bytes == 24 else 0):
            temp = data[-4:]
            data += xor(temp, data[-key_size_bytes: 4 - key_size_bytes])
    data = data[:expanded_key_size_bytes]

    return data

def iter_vector(iv):
    while True:
        yield iv
        iv = inc(iv)

def sub_bytes(data):
    return [SBOX[x] for x in data]

def sub_bytes_inv(data):
    return [SBOX_INV[x] for x in data]

def rotate(data):
    return data[1:] + [data[0]]

def key_schedule_core(data, rcon_iteration):
    data = rotate(data)
    data = sub_bytes(data)
    data[0] = data[0] ^ RCON[rcon_iteration]

    return data

def xor(data1, data2):
    return [x ^ y for x, y in zip(data1, data2)]

def iter_mix_columns(data, matrix):
    for i in (0, 4, 8, 12):
        for row in matrix:
            mixed = 0
            for j in range(4):
                # xor is (+) and (-)
                mixed ^= (0 if data[i:i + 4][j] == 0 or row[j] == 0 else
                          RIJNDAEL_EXP_TABLE[(RIJNDAEL_LOG_TABLE[data[i + j]] + RIJNDAEL_LOG_TABLE[row[j]]) % 0xFF])
            yield mixed

def shift_rows(data):
    return [data[((column + row) & 0b11) * 4 + row] for column in range(4) for row in range(4)]

def shift_rows_inv(data):
    return [data[((column - row) & 0b11) * 4 + row] for column in range(4) for row in range(4)]

def shift_block(data):
    data_shifted = []

    bit = 0
    for n in data:
        if bit:
            n |= 0x100
        bit = n & 1
        n >>= 1
        data_shifted.append(n)

    return data_shifted

def inc(data):
    data = data[:]  # copy
    for i in range(len(data) - 1, -1, -1):
        if data[i] == 255:
            data[i] = 0
        else:
            data[i] = data[i] + 1
            break
    return data

def block_product(block_x, block_y):
    # NIST SP 800-38D, Algorithm 1

    if len(block_x) != BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES or len(block_y) != BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES:
        raise ValueError("Length of blocks need to be %d bytes" % BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES)

    block_r = [0xE1] + [0] * (BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES - 1)
    block_v = block_y[:]
    block_z = [0] * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES

    for i in block_x:
        for bit in range(7, -1, -1):
            if i & (1 << bit):
                block_z = xor(block_z, block_v)

            do_xor = block_v[-1] & 1
            block_v = shift_block(block_v)
            if do_xor:
                block_v = xor(block_v, block_r)

    return block_z

def ghash(subkey, data):
    # NIST SP 800-38D, Algorithm 2

    if len(data) % BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES:
        raise ValueError("Length of data should be %d bytes" % BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES)

    last_y = [0] * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES
    for i in range(0, len(data), BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES):
        block = data[i: i + BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES]
        last_y = block_product(xor(last_y, block), subkey)

    return last_y

__all__ = [
    'aes_cbc_decrypt',
    'aes_cbc_decrypt_bytes',
    'aes_ctr_decrypt',
    'aes_decrypt_text',
    'aes_decrypt',
    'aes_ecb_decrypt',
    'aes_gcm_decrypt_and_verify',
    'aes_gcm_decrypt_and_verify_bytes',

    'aes_cbc_encrypt',
    'aes_cbc_encrypt_bytes',
    'aes_ctr_encrypt',
    'aes_ecb_encrypt',
    'aes_encrypt',

    'key_expansion',
    'pad_block',
    'unpad_pkcs7',
]


code:
import contextlib
import errno
import json
import os
import re
import shutil
import traceback

from .utils import expand_path, traverse_obj, version_tuple, write_json_file
from .version import __version__

class Cache:
    def __init__(self, ydl):
        self._ydl = ydl

    def _get_root_dir(self):
        res = self._ydl.params.get('cachedir')
        if res is None:
            cache_root = os.getenv('XDG_CACHE_HOME', '~/.cache')
            res = os.path.join(cache_root, 'yt-dlp')
        return expand_path(res)

    def _get_cache_fn(self, section, key, dtype):
        assert re.match(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+$', section), \
            'invalid section %r' % section
        assert re.match(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+$', key), 'invalid key %r' % key
        return os.path.join(
            self._get_root_dir(), section, f'{key}.{dtype}')

    @property
    def enabled(self):
        return self._ydl.params.get('cachedir') is not False

    def store(self, section, key, data, dtype='json'):
        assert dtype in ('json',)

        if not self.enabled:
            return

        fn = self._get_cache_fn(section, key, dtype)
        try:
            try:
                os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(fn))
            except OSError as ose:
                if ose.errno != errno.EEXIST:
                    raise
            self._ydl.write_debug(f'Saving {section}.{key} to cache')
            write_json_file({'yt-dlp_version': __version__, 'data': data}, fn)
        except Exception:
            tb = traceback.format_exc()
            self._ydl.report_warning(f'Writing cache to {fn!r} failed: {tb}')

    def _validate(self, data, min_ver):
        version = traverse_obj(data, 'yt-dlp_version')
        if not version:  # Backward compatibility
            data, version = {'data': data}, '2022.08.19'
        if not min_ver or version_tuple(version) >= version_tuple(min_ver):
            return data['data']
        self._ydl.write_debug(f'Discarding old cache from version {version} (needs {min_ver})')

    def load(self, section, key, dtype='json', default=None, *, min_ver=None):
        assert dtype in ('json',)

        if not self.enabled:
            return default

        cache_fn = self._get_cache_fn(section, key, dtype)
        with contextlib.suppress(OSError):
            try:
                with open(cache_fn, encoding='utf-8') as cachef:
                    self._ydl.write_debug(f'Loading {section}.{key} from cache')
                    return self._validate(json.load(cachef), min_ver)
            except (ValueError, KeyError):
                try:
                    file_size = os.path.getsize(cache_fn)
                except OSError as oe:
                    file_size = str(oe)
                self._ydl.report_warning(f'Cache retrieval from {cache_fn} failed ({file_size})')

        return default

    def remove(self):
        if not self.enabled:
            self._ydl.to_screen('Cache is disabled (Did you combine --no-cache-dir and --rm-cache-dir?)')
            return

        cachedir = self._get_root_dir()
        if not any((term in cachedir) for term in ('cache', 'tmp')):
            raise Exception('Not removing directory %s - this does not look like a cache dir' % cachedir)

        self._ydl.to_screen(
            'Removing cache dir %s .' % cachedir, skip_eol=True)
        if os.path.exists(cachedir):
            self._ydl.to_screen('.', skip_eol=True)
            shutil.rmtree(cachedir)
        self._ydl.to_screen('.')


code:
import os
import sys
import warnings
import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree

from ._deprecated import *  # noqa: F401, F403
from .compat_utils import passthrough_module

# XXX: Implement this the same way as other DeprecationWarnings without circular import
passthrough_module(__name__, '._legacy', callback=lambda attr: warnings.warn(
    DeprecationWarning(f'{__name__}.{attr} is deprecated'), stacklevel=3))

# HTMLParseError has been deprecated in Python 3.3 and removed in
# Python 3.5. Introducing dummy exception for Python >3.5 for compatible
# and uniform cross-version exception handling
class compat_HTMLParseError(Exception):
    pass

class _TreeBuilder(etree.TreeBuilder):
    def doctype(self, name, pubid, system):
        pass

def compat_etree_fromstring(text):
    return etree.XML(text, parser=etree.XMLParser(target=_TreeBuilder()))

compat_os_name = os._name if os.name == 'java' else os.name

if compat_os_name == 'nt':
    def compat_shlex_quote(s):
        import re
        return s if re.match(r'^[-_\w./]+$', s) else '"%s"' % s.replace('"', '\\"')
else:
    from shlex import quote as compat_shlex_quote  # noqa: F401

def compat_ord(c):
    return c if isinstance(c, int) else ord(c)

if compat_os_name == 'nt' and sys.version_info < (3, 8):
    # os.path.realpath on Windows does not follow symbolic links
    # prior to Python 3.8 (see https://bugs.python.org/issue9949)
    def compat_realpath(path):
        while os.path.islink(path):
            path = os.path.abspath(os.readlink(path))
        return os.path.realpath(path)
else:
    compat_realpath = os.path.realpath

# Python 3.8+ does not honor %HOME% on windows, but this breaks compatibility with youtube-dl
# See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/792
# https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.path.html#os.path.expanduser
if compat_os_name in ('nt', 'ce'):
    def compat_expanduser(path):
        HOME = os.environ.get('HOME')
        if not HOME:
            return os.path.expanduser(path)
        elif not path.startswith('~'):
            return path
        i = path.replace('\\', '/', 1).find('/')  # ~user
        if i < 0:
            i = len(path)
        userhome = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(HOME), path[1:i]) if i > 1 else HOME
        return userhome + path[i:]
else:
    compat_expanduser = os.path.expanduser

# NB: Add modules that are imported dynamically here so that PyInstaller can find them
# See https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller-hooks-contrib/issues/438
if False:
    from . import _legacy  # noqa: F401


code:
"""Deprecated - New code should avoid these"""

import base64
import urllib.error
import urllib.parse

compat_str = str

compat_b64decode = base64.b64decode

compat_HTTPError = urllib.error.HTTPError
compat_urlparse = urllib.parse
compat_parse_qs = urllib.parse.parse_qs
compat_urllib_parse_unquote = urllib.parse.unquote
compat_urllib_parse_urlencode = urllib.parse.urlencode
compat_urllib_parse_urlparse = urllib.parse.urlparse


code:
""" Do not use! """

import collections
import ctypes
import getpass
import html.entities
import html.parser
import http.client
import http.cookiejar
import http.cookies
import http.server
import itertools
import os
import shlex
import shutil
import socket
import struct
import tokenize
import urllib.error
import urllib.parse
import urllib.request
import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree
from subprocess import DEVNULL

# isort: split
import asyncio  # noqa: F401
import re  # noqa: F401
from asyncio import run as compat_asyncio_run  # noqa: F401
from re import Pattern as compat_Pattern  # noqa: F401
from re import match as compat_Match  # noqa: F401

from .compat_utils import passthrough_module
from ..dependencies import Cryptodome_AES as compat_pycrypto_AES  # noqa: F401
from ..dependencies import brotli as compat_brotli  # noqa: F401
from ..dependencies import websockets as compat_websockets  # noqa: F401

passthrough_module(__name__, '...utils', ('WINDOWS_VT_MODE', 'windows_enable_vt_mode'))

# compat_ctypes_WINFUNCTYPE = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE
# will not work since ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE does not exist in UNIX machines
def compat_ctypes_WINFUNCTYPE(*args, **kwargs):
    return ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(*args, **kwargs)

def compat_setenv(key, value, env=os.environ):
    env[key] = value

compat_basestring = str
compat_chr = chr
compat_collections_abc = collections.abc
compat_cookiejar = http.cookiejar
compat_cookiejar_Cookie = http.cookiejar.Cookie
compat_cookies = http.cookies
compat_cookies_SimpleCookie = http.cookies.SimpleCookie
compat_etree_Element = etree.Element
compat_etree_register_namespace = etree.register_namespace
compat_filter = filter
compat_get_terminal_size = shutil.get_terminal_size
compat_getenv = os.getenv
compat_getpass = getpass.getpass
compat_html_entities = html.entities
compat_html_entities_html5 = html.entities.html5
compat_HTMLParser = html.parser.HTMLParser
compat_http_client = http.client
compat_http_server = http.server
compat_input = input
compat_integer_types = (int, )
compat_itertools_count = itertools.count
compat_kwargs = lambda kwargs: kwargs
compat_map = map
compat_numeric_types = (int, float, complex)
compat_print = print
compat_shlex_split = shlex.split
compat_socket_create_connection = socket.create_connection
compat_Struct = struct.Struct
compat_struct_pack = struct.pack
compat_struct_unpack = struct.unpack
compat_subprocess_get_DEVNULL = lambda: DEVNULL
compat_tokenize_tokenize = tokenize.tokenize
compat_urllib_error = urllib.error
compat_urllib_parse = urllib.parse
compat_urllib_parse_quote = urllib.parse.quote
compat_urllib_parse_quote_plus = urllib.parse.quote_plus
compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus = urllib.parse.unquote_plus
compat_urllib_parse_unquote_to_bytes = urllib.parse.unquote_to_bytes
compat_urllib_parse_urlunparse = urllib.parse.urlunparse
compat_urllib_request = urllib.request
compat_urllib_request_DataHandler = urllib.request.DataHandler
compat_urllib_response = urllib.response
compat_urlretrieve = urllib.request.urlretrieve
compat_xml_parse_error = etree.ParseError
compat_xpath = lambda xpath: xpath
compat_zip = zip
workaround_optparse_bug9161 = lambda: None


code:
import collections
import contextlib
import importlib
import sys
import types

_NO_ATTRIBUTE = object()

_Package = collections.namedtuple('Package', ('name', 'version'))

def get_package_info(module):
    parent = module.__name__.split('.')[0]
    parent_module = None
    with contextlib.suppress(ImportError):
        parent_module = importlib.import_module(parent)

    for attr in ('__version__', 'version_string', 'version'):
        version = getattr(parent_module, attr, None)
        if version is not None:
            break
    return _Package(getattr(module, '_yt_dlp__identifier', parent), str(version))

def _is_package(module):
    try:
        module.__getattribute__('__path__')
    except AttributeError:
        return False
    return True

def passthrough_module(parent, child, allowed_attributes=None, *, callback=lambda _: None):
    parent_module = importlib.import_module(parent)
    child_module = None  # Import child module only as needed

    class PassthroughModule(types.ModuleType):
        def __getattr__(self, attr):
            if _is_package(parent_module):
                with contextlib.suppress(ImportError):
                    return importlib.import_module(f'.{attr}', parent)

            ret = self.__from_child(attr)
            if ret is _NO_ATTRIBUTE:
                raise AttributeError(f'module {parent} has no attribute {attr}')
            callback(attr)
            return ret

        def __from_child(self, attr):
            if allowed_attributes is None:
                if attr.startswith('__') and attr.endswith('__'):
                    return _NO_ATTRIBUTE
            elif attr not in allowed_attributes:
                return _NO_ATTRIBUTE

            nonlocal child_module
            child_module = child_module or importlib.import_module(child, parent)

            with contextlib.suppress(AttributeError):
                return getattr(child_module, attr)

            if _is_package(child_module):
                with contextlib.suppress(ImportError):
                    return importlib.import_module(f'.{attr}', child)

            return _NO_ATTRIBUTE

    # Python 3.6 does not have module level __getattr__
    # https://peps.python.org/pep-0562/
    sys.modules[parent].__class__ = PassthroughModule


code:
# flake8: noqa: F405
from functools import *  # noqa: F403

from .compat_utils import passthrough_module

passthrough_module(__name__, 'functools')
del passthrough_module

try:
    cache  # >= 3.9
except NameError:
    cache = lru_cache(maxsize=None)

try:
    cached_property  # >= 3.8
except NameError:
    class cached_property:
        def __init__(self, func):
            update_wrapper(self, func)
            self.func = func

        def __get__(self, instance, _):
            if instance is None:
                return self
            setattr(instance, self.func.__name__, self.func(instance))
            return getattr(instance, self.func.__name__)


code:
tests = {
    'webp': lambda h: h[0:4] == b'RIFF' and h[8:] == b'WEBP',
    'png': lambda h: h[:8] == b'\211PNG\r\n\032\n',
    'jpeg': lambda h: h[6:10] in (b'JFIF', b'Exif'),
    'gif': lambda h: h[:6] in (b'GIF87a', b'GIF89a'),
}

def what(file=None, h=None):
    """Detect format of image (Currently supports jpeg, png, webp, gif only)
    Ref: https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.10/Lib/imghdr.py
    """
    if h is None:
        with open(file, 'rb') as f:
            h = f.read(12)
    return next((type_ for type_, test in tests.items() if test(h)), None)