# Why is a switching time lag necessary for the forward and reverse operation of a three-phase motor?

The forward and reverse operation of a three-phase motor is conducted by switching two phases. If the Solid-state Relaysfor forward and reverse operation are switched ON simultaneously, a phase short-circuit will result through the two Solid-state Relays, causing the Solid-state Relays to breakdown.
Also if the forward and reverse Solid-state Relays are switched over immediately, both Solid-state Relays could become ON at the same time because the Solid-state Relays reset time varies by up to a half cycle, which would cause the Solid-state Relays to breakdown.
When an Solid-state Relays is turned OFF, counter-electromotive force may be generated from the motor and cause a malfunction. If this occurs, it is necessary to increase the time lag between switching.
Make sure that there is a time lag of at least 100 ms.

Forward and Reverse Operation Example

G3J Simple Solid State Contactors with G36 Reversible Units

To prevent short-circuits, insert the protective resistance R into the circuit. The value of R can be calculated using the following equation.

G3J-205BL

For example, G3J-205BL withstands an inrush current of 150 Apeak. Therefore R > 200 V x √2/150 A = 1.9 Ω
Considering the circuit current and ON time, insert the protective resistance into the side that reduces the current consumption.
Obtain the consumption power of the resistance from the following.
P = I2R × Safety factor
(I = Load current, R = Protection resistance, Safety factor = 4)

Recommended Values of R

 Model Applicable Motor Protective resistance G3J-205BL(-2) 0.75 kW 2 Ω 100W G3J-211BL(-2) 1.5 kW 1 Ω 200W G3J-211BL(-2) 2.2 kW 1 Ω 400W

Note:

1.Make sure that safety devices, such as fuses or NF breakers, are used.

2.G36 can be used only with G3J with a rated operating DC voltage.

3.G36 can be use by shorting the COM and IF (IR or STOP) terminals.

4.To prevent short-circuits, insert the protective resistance R.

5.Two of G3J-S and G3J-T cannot be used together for forward and reverse operation.
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