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# Determine the concentration of a limewater solution

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Introduction

PLANNING AIM: To determine the concentration of a limewater solution. You have been provided with 250cm3 of limewater, which contains approximately 1g dm-3 of calcium hydroxide. Hydrochloric acid is also available, which has a concentration of exactly 2.00 mol dm-3. In order to determine the concentration of the limewater solution I will have to carry out a titration experiment between the acid being hydrochloric acid, HCl and the base being the limewater, Ca(OH) 2. However before continuing on with the titration you need to dilute the HCl acid since it is too concentrated to use. In order for you to do this you will need to work out the concentration of Ca(OH) 2. Balanced Equation of the titration: 2HCl + Ca(OH)2 --> CaCl2 + 2H2O 2 moles 1 mole 2 mol dm-3 ? Ca(OH)2 is 1g dm-3= 1 gram per 1dm3 No. of moles in Ca(OH)2 = Mass / Relative formula mass (RFM) = 1 / 74 = 0.0135 moles Concentration of Ca(OH)2 = No. of moles / Volume = 0.0135 / 1 = Ca(OH) 2 mol dm-3 Now that you have worked out the concentration of the lime water solution you can continue with the dilution process of HCl acid. ...read more.

Middle

Conclusion

11. The acid is then added to the Ca(OH)2 from the burette by opening the tap. A right handed person should use his left hand to open to open the burette tap and the right hand to hold the flask at the neck. 12. Release the solution of the HCl into the limewater solution slowly, observing the volumetric flask. When the solution changes from a light orange to a very light pink colour, this is an indication to stop and record the result. The white tile underneath the volumetric flask helps you with this because it gives you a better view of the colour change. 13. If the solution has turned pink then this is an indication that you have stepped over the end point and the titration is not valid. 14. Read off the side of the burette accurately how much volume is left and take this away from the initial volume to give you the volume of acid required to neutralise the base and record the titre. 15. Repeat the experiment 3 more times to give you more accurate results as anomalies do occur in this experiment. 16. Note all readings and work out the average of the volumes and work out the concentration of the limewater solution using the formula: concentration = no of moles / volume. ...read more.

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